The Contribution of Honey Production to Income of Rural Households: the Case of Dangila Woreda, Ethiopia
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
DSpace Institution DSpace Repository http://dspace.org Geography and Environmental Studies Thesis and Dissertations 2021-02-10 THE CONTRIBUTION OF HONEY PRODUCTION TO INCOME OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS: THE CASE OF DANGILA WOREDA, ETHIOPIA BIRLEW MELKIE http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/11873 Downloaded from DSpace Repository, DSpace Institution's institutional repository BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES THE CONTRIBUTION OF HONEY PRODUCTION TO INCOME OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS: THE CASE OF DANGILA WOREDA, ETHIOPIA BY: BIRLEW MELKIE DERSOLIGN AUGUST 2019 BAHIR DAR, ETHIOPIA THE CONTRIBUTION OF HONEY PRODUCTION TO INCOME OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS: THE CASE OF DANGILA WOREDA, ETHIOPIA A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ART IN GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES BY: BIRLEW MELKIE DERSOLIGN ADVISOR: MEHRETIE BELAY (PhD) DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY AUGUST 2019 BAHIR DAR, ETHIOPIA DECLARATION First, I declare that this thesis is my real work and that all sources of materials used for the thesis have been properly acknowledged. I seriously declare that this thesis has never been presented to any other institution anywhere for the award of any academic degree, diploma, or certificate. Name: - Birlew Melkie Dersolign Signature __________________Date___________________ i BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY FACULITY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES As thesis advisor, I have read and evaluated this thesis is prepared under my guidance by Birlew Melkie Dersolign, entitled “The Contribution of Honey Production on Rural Households’ Income: The Case of Dangila Woreda, Ethiopia”. I recommend that it can be submitted as fulfillment of the thesis requirement. ____________________________ _____________ __________ Advisor Signature Date Examiners’ Approval Sheet As a member of board of examiners of the M.A. thesis open defense examination, we certify that we have read and evaluated the thesis prepared by Birlew Melkie Dersolign entitled “The Contribution of Honey Production on Rural Households Income: The case of Dangila Woreda, Ethiopia” and examined the candidate. We recommended that the thesis be accepted as fulfilling the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Art in Geography and Environmental Studies. ___________________________ ______________ ____________ Chairman Signature Date ______________________ ______________ ___________ Internal Examiner Signature Date ________________________ ______________ __________ External Examiner Signature Date ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First of all, I would like to thank the Almighty GOD for His endless protection and adoration. Next to GOD a number of people have contributed to the completion of this thesis without them its completion would not have been possible. I am highly grateful to my Adviser Dr. Mehretie Belay for his invaluable advice and guidance, positive and attractive approach throughout the thesis work. I sincerely thank him for his advice and guidance in all areas of this thesis, from reviewing the original proposal, editing the survey questionnaires, and reading and commenting on the draft submitted thesis. Next to my advisor, I want to express my best thanks to Dangila Woreda Agricultural and Rural Development Office workers who provided me all the information that I need openly. Thank you very much indeed. I am very thankful to my father Melkie Dersolign, my mother Tiruye Dessalew and all my sisters and brothers for the encouragement and support you gave me financially and morally. Thank you so much indeed. My deepest gratitude also extends to Wolela Asaye and Destayehu Adela for your contribution in caring mine baby daughter. I would like to thank heartily all my close friends Biralgash Agazhe and Abere Simachew who stood by me in providing their personal computer; the Addis Kidam General Secondary and Preparatory School director and vice-directors for their support in printing and copying of working papers from the start up to the final submit thank you very much indeed for all other supports. Dr. Mesfin Anteneh, no word can express my feeling for what you were supporting me in my third and fourth year University registration problems after my withdrawal and academic termination due to official transcript case, hope you GOD will give you the return! Thank you very much. Finally, I am grateful to all people, who are many to mention here, for their cooperation and time in providing me with valuable information, material, technical and moral support. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................... iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................... iv LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................. vii LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................. viii LIST OF ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................ ix ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................... x CHAPTER ONE .................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background of the Study ......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem ........................................................................................ 3 1.3. Objectives of the Study ............................................................................................... 5 1.3.1 General Objective .................................................................................................. 5 1.3.2 Specific Objectives ................................................................................................ 5 1.4 Research Questions ...................................................................................................... 5 1.5. Scope of the Study....................................................................................................... 5 1.7. Significance of the Study ............................................................................................ 6 1.8 Organization of the Study ............................................................................................ 6 1.9 Definition of Terminologies ......................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER TWO ................................................................................................................... 8 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ............................................................................. 8 2.1 The Origin of Beekeeping ............................................................................................ 8 2.2 World Honey Production ............................................................................................. 8 2.3 African Beekeeping Practices ...................................................................................... 9 2.4 Beekeeping in Ethiopia .............................................................................................. 10 2.5 Honeybee Production Systems in Ethiopia ................................................................ 10 2.5.1 Traditional Beekeeping System ........................................................................... 11 2.5.2 Transitional System of Beekeeping ..................................................................... 11 2.5.3 Modern/Frame Hive System ................................................................................ 12 2.6 Products of Beekeeping and Their Benefits .............................................................. 12 iv 2.7 Beekeeping and Its Contribution for Environmental Sustainability .......................... 15 2.8 Major Constraints in Beekeeping ............................................................................... 16 2.9 Conceptual framework of the study ........................................................................... 16 CHAPTER THREE ............................................................................................................. 18 RESEARCH METHODS AND MATERIALS ................................................................... 18 3.1 Description of the Study Area ............................................................................... 18 3.1.1. Climate................................................................................................................ 19 3.1.2. Vegetation ........................................................................................................... 21 3.1.3 Soil ....................................................................................................................... 21 3.1.4 Topography .......................................................................................................... 21 3.1.5 Population Size of the Study Area ....................................................................... 21 3.1.6 Economic Activities