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Naming the Extrasolar Planets
Naming the extrasolar planets W. Lyra Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, K¨onigstuhl 17, 69177, Heidelberg, Germany [email protected] Abstract and OGLE-TR-182 b, which does not help educators convey the message that these planets are quite similar to Jupiter. Extrasolar planets are not named and are referred to only In stark contrast, the sentence“planet Apollo is a gas giant by their assigned scientific designation. The reason given like Jupiter” is heavily - yet invisibly - coated with Coper- by the IAU to not name the planets is that it is consid- nicanism. ered impractical as planets are expected to be common. I One reason given by the IAU for not considering naming advance some reasons as to why this logic is flawed, and sug- the extrasolar planets is that it is a task deemed impractical. gest names for the 403 extrasolar planet candidates known One source is quoted as having said “if planets are found to as of Oct 2009. The names follow a scheme of association occur very frequently in the Universe, a system of individual with the constellation that the host star pertains to, and names for planets might well rapidly be found equally im- therefore are mostly drawn from Roman-Greek mythology. practicable as it is for stars, as planet discoveries progress.” Other mythologies may also be used given that a suitable 1. This leads to a second argument. It is indeed impractical association is established. to name all stars. But some stars are named nonetheless. In fact, all other classes of astronomical bodies are named. -
Educator's Guide: Orion
Legends of the Night Sky Orion Educator’s Guide Grades K - 8 Written By: Dr. Phil Wymer, Ph.D. & Art Klinger Legends of the Night Sky: Orion Educator’s Guide Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………....3 Constellations; General Overview……………………………………..4 Orion…………………………………………………………………………..22 Scorpius……………………………………………………………………….36 Canis Major…………………………………………………………………..45 Canis Minor…………………………………………………………………..52 Lesson Plans………………………………………………………………….56 Coloring Book…………………………………………………………………….….57 Hand Angles……………………………………………………………………….…64 Constellation Research..…………………………………………………….……71 When and Where to View Orion…………………………………….……..…77 Angles For Locating Orion..…………………………………………...……….78 Overhead Projector Punch Out of Orion……………………………………82 Where on Earth is: Thrace, Lemnos, and Crete?.............................83 Appendix………………………………………………………………………86 Copyright©2003, Audio Visual Imagineering, Inc. 2 Legends of the Night Sky: Orion Educator’s Guide Introduction It is our belief that “Legends of the Night sky: Orion” is the best multi-grade (K – 8), multi-disciplinary education package on the market today. It consists of a humorous 24-minute show and educator’s package. The Orion Educator’s Guide is designed for Planetarians, Teachers, and parents. The information is researched, organized, and laid out so that the educator need not spend hours coming up with lesson plans or labs. This has already been accomplished by certified educators. The guide is written to alleviate the fear of space and the night sky (that many elementary and middle school teachers have) when it comes to that section of the science lesson plan. It is an excellent tool that allows the parents to be a part of the learning experience. The guide is devised in such a way that there are plenty of visuals to assist the educator and student in finding the Winter constellations. -
VOLANS-CARINA: a NEW 90 Myr OLD STELLAR ASSOCIATION at 85 Pc
Draft version August 15, 2018 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX62 VOLANS-CARINA: A NEW 90 Myr OLD STELLAR ASSOCIATION AT 85 pc Jonathan Gagne´,1, 2 Jacqueline K. Faherty,3 and Eric E. Mamajek4, 5 1Carnegie Institution of Washington DTM, 5241 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA 2NASA Sagan Fellow 3Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th St., New York, NY 10024, USA 4Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA 5Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA Submitted to ApJ ABSTRACT We present a characterization of the new Volans-Carina Association (VCA) of stars near the Galactic plane (b ' -10°) at a distance of ' 75{100 pc, previously identified as group 30 by Oh et al.(2017). We compile a list of 19 likely members from Gaia DR2 with spectral types B8{M2, and 46 additional candidate members from Gaia DR2, 2MASS and AllWISE with spectral types A0{M9 that require +5 further follow-up for confirmation. We find an isochronal age of 89−7 Myr based on MIST isochrones calibrated with Pleiades members. This new association of stars is slightly younger than the Pleiades, with less members but located at a closer distance, making its members ' 3 times as bright than those of the Pleiades on average. It is located further than members of the AB Doradus moving group which have a similar age, but it is more compact on the sky which makes it less prone to contamination from random field interlopers. -
Virgil, Aeneid 11 (Pallas & Camilla) 1–224, 498–521, 532–96, 648–89, 725–835 G
Virgil, Aeneid 11 (Pallas & Camilla) 1–224, 498–521, 532–96, 648–89, 725–835 G Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, and commentary ILDENHARD INGO GILDENHARD AND JOHN HENDERSON A dead boy (Pallas) and the death of a girl (Camilla) loom over the opening and the closing part of the eleventh book of the Aeneid. Following the savage slaughter in Aeneid 10, the AND book opens in a mournful mood as the warring parti es revisit yesterday’s killing fi elds to att end to their dead. One casualty in parti cular commands att enti on: Aeneas’ protégé H Pallas, killed and despoiled by Turnus in the previous book. His death plunges his father ENDERSON Evander and his surrogate father Aeneas into heart-rending despair – and helps set up the foundati onal act of sacrifi cial brutality that caps the poem, when Aeneas seeks to avenge Pallas by slaying Turnus in wrathful fury. Turnus’ departure from the living is prefi gured by that of his ally Camilla, a maiden schooled in the marti al arts, who sets the mold for warrior princesses such as Xena and Wonder Woman. In the fi nal third of Aeneid 11, she wreaks havoc not just on the batt lefi eld but on gender stereotypes and the conventi ons of the epic genre, before she too succumbs to a premature death. In the porti ons of the book selected for discussion here, Virgil off ers some of his most emoti ve (and disturbing) meditati ons on the tragic nature of human existence – but also knows how to lighten the mood with a bit of drag. -
THE CONSTELLATION MUSCA, the FLY Musca Australis (Latin: Southern Fly) Is a Small Constellation in the Deep Southern Sky
THE CONSTELLATION MUSCA, THE FLY Musca Australis (Latin: Southern Fly) is a small constellation in the deep southern sky. It was one of twelve constellations created by Petrus Plancius from the observations of Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser and Frederick de Houtman and it first appeared on a 35-cm diameter celestial globe published in 1597 in Amsterdam by Plancius and Jodocus Hondius. The first depiction of this constellation in a celestial atlas was in Johann Bayer's Uranometria of 1603. It was also known as Apis (Latin: bee) for two hundred years. Musca remains below the horizon for most Northern Hemisphere observers. Also known as the Southern or Indian Fly, the French Mouche Australe ou Indienne, the German Südliche Fliege, and the Italian Mosca Australe, it lies partly in the Milky Way, south of Crux and east of the Chamaeleon. De Houtman included it in his southern star catalogue in 1598 under the Dutch name De Vlieghe, ‘The Fly’ This title generally is supposed to have been substituted by La Caille, about 1752, for Bayer's Apis, the Bee; but Halley, in 1679, had called it Musca Apis; and even previous to him, Riccioli catalogued it as Apis seu Musca. Even in our day the idea of a Bee prevails, for Stieler's Planisphere of 1872 has Biene, and an alternative title in France is Abeille. When the Northern Fly was merged with Aries by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1929, Musca Australis was given its modern shortened name Musca. It is the only official constellation depicting an insect. Julius Schiller, who redrew and named all the 88 constellations united Musca with the Bird of Paradise and the Chamaeleon as mother Eve. -
These Sky Maps Were Made Using the Freeware UNIX Program "Starchart", from Alan Paeth and Craig Counterman, with Some Postprocessing by Stuart Levy
These sky maps were made using the freeware UNIX program "starchart", from Alan Paeth and Craig Counterman, with some postprocessing by Stuart Levy. You’re free to use them however you wish. There are five equatorial maps: three covering the equatorial strip from declination −60 to +60 degrees, corresponding roughly to the evening sky in northern winter (eq1), spring (eq2), and summer/autumn (eq3), plus maps covering the north and south polar areas to declination about +/− 25 degrees. Grid lines are drawn at every 15 degrees of declination, and every hour (= 15 degrees at the equator) of right ascension. The equatorial−strip maps use a simple rectangular projection; this shows constellations near the equator with their true shape, but those at declination +/− 30 degrees are stretched horizontally by about 15%, and those at the extreme 60−degree edge are plotted twice as wide as you’ll see them on the sky. The sinusoidal curve spanning the equatorial strip is, of course, the Ecliptic −− the path of the Sun (and approximately that of the planets) through the sky. The polar maps are plotted with stereographic projection. This preserves shapes of small constellations, but enlarges them as they get farther from the pole; at declination 45 degrees they’re about 17% oversized, and at the extreme 25−degree edge about 40% too large. These charts plot stars down to magnitude 5, along with a few of the brighter deep−sky objects −− mostly star clusters and nebulae. Many stars are labelled with their Bayer Greek−letter names. Also here are similarly−plotted maps, based on galactic coordinates. -
Arxiv:2007.04414V1 [Astro-Ph.CO] 8 Jul 2020 Bution of Matter on Large Scales Is Inferred from Tion)
Key words: large scale structure of universe | galaxies: distances and redshifts Draft version July 10, 2020 Typeset using LATEX preprint2 style in AASTeX62 Cosmicflows-3: The South Pole Wall Daniel Pomarede,` 1 R. Brent Tully,2 Romain Graziani,3 Hel´ ene` M. Courtois,4 Yehuda Hoffman,5 and Jer´ emy´ Lezmy4 1Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers, CEA Universit´eParis-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France 2Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA 3Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont, Universit Clermont Auvergne, Aubire, France 4University of Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IUF, IP2I Lyon, France 5Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel ABSTRACT Velocity and density field reconstructions of the volume of the universe within 0:05c derived from the Cosmicflows-3 catalog of galaxy distances has revealed the presence of a filamentary structure extending across ∼ 0:11c. The structure, at a characteristic redshift of 12,000 km s−1, has a density peak coincident with the celestial South Pole. This structure, the largest contiguous feature in the local volume and comparable to the Sloan Great Wall at half the distance, is given the name the South Pole Wall. 1. INTRODUCTION ble of measurements: to a first approximation The South Pole Wall rivals the Sloan Great Vpec = Vobs − H0d. Although uncertainties with Wall in extent, at a distance a factor two individual galaxies are large, the analysis bene- closer. The iconic structures that have trans- fits from the long range correlated nature of the formed our understanding of large scale struc- cosmic flow, allowing the reconstruction of the ture have come from the observed distribution 3D velocity field from noisy, finite and incom- of galaxies assembled from redshift surveys: the plete data (Zaroubi et al. -
A Dictionary of Mythology —
Ex-libris Ernest Rudge 22500629148 CASSELL’S POCKET REFERENCE LIBRARY A Dictionary of Mythology — Cassell’s Pocket Reference Library The first Six Volumes are : English Dictionary Poetical Quotations Proverbs and Maxims Dictionary of Mythology Gazetteer of the British Isles The Pocket Doctor Others are in active preparation In two Bindings—Cloth and Leather A DICTIONARY MYTHOLOGYOF BEING A CONCISE GUIDE TO THE MYTHS OF GREECE AND ROME, BABYLONIA, EGYPT, AMERICA, SCANDINAVIA, & GREAT BRITAIN BY LEWIS SPENCE, M.A. Author of “ The Mythologies of Ancient Mexico and Peru,” etc. i CASSELL AND COMPANY, LTD. London, New York, Toronto and Melbourne 1910 ca') zz-^y . a k. WELLCOME INS77Tint \ LIBRARY Coll. W^iMOmeo Coll. No. _Zv_^ _ii ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INTRODUCTION Our grandfathers regarded the study of mythology as a necessary adjunct to a polite education, without a knowledge of which neither the classical nor the more modem poets could be read with understanding. But it is now recognised that upon mythology and folklore rests the basis of the new science of Comparative Religion. The evolution of religion from mythology has now been made plain. It is a law of evolution that, though the parent types which precede certain forms are doomed to perish, they yet bequeath to their descendants certain of their characteristics ; and although mythology has perished (in the civilised world, at least), it has left an indelible stamp not only upon modem religions, but also upon local and national custom. The work of Fruger, Lang, Immerwahr, and others has revolutionised mythology, and has evolved from the unexplained mass of tales of forty years ago a definite and systematic science. -
81 Southern Objects for a 10” Telescope. 0-4Hr 4-8Hr 8-12Hr
81 southern objects for a 10” telescope. 0-4hr NGC55|00h 15m 22s|-39 11’ 35”|33’x 5.6’|Sculptor|Galaxy| NGC104|00h 24m 17s|-72 03’ 30”|31’|Tucana|Globular NGC134|00h 30m 35s|-33 13’ 00”|8.5’x2’|Sculptor|Galaxy| ESO350-40|00h 37m 55s|-33 41’ 20”|1.5’x1.2’|Sculptor|Galaxy|The Cartwheel NGC300|00h 55m 06s|-37 39’ 24”|22’x15.5’|Sculptor|Galaxy| NGC330|00h 56m 27s|-72 26’ 37”|Tucana|1.9’|SMC open cluster| NGC346|00h 59m 14s|-72 09’ 19”|Tucana|5.2’|SMC Neb| ESO351-30|01h 00m 22s|-33 40’ 50”|60’x56’|Sculptor|Galaxy|Sculptor Dwarf NGC362|01h 03m 23s|-70 49’ 42”|13’|Tucana|Globular| NGC2573| 01h 37m 21s|-89 25’ 49”|Octans| 2.0x 0.8|galaxy|polarissima australis| NGC1049|02h 39m 58s|-34 13’ 52”|24”|Fornax|Globular| ESO356-04|02h 40m 09s|-34 25’ 43”|60’x100’|Fornax|Galaxy|Fornax Dwarf NGC1313|03h 18m 18s|-66 29’ 02”|9.1’x6.3’|Reticulum|Galaxy| NGC1316|03h 22m 51s|-37 11’ 22”|12’x8.5’|Fornax|Galaxy| NGC1365|03h 33m 46s|-36 07’ 13”|11.2’x6.2’|Fornax|Galaxy NGC1433|03h 42m 08s|-47 12’ 18”|6.5’x5.9’|Horologium|Galaxy| 4-8hr NGC1566|04h 20m 05s|-54 55’ 42”|Dorado|Galaxy| Reticulum Dwarf|04h 31m 05s|-58 58’ 00”|Reticulum|LMC globular| NGC1808|05h 07m 52s|-37 30’ 20”|6.4’x3.9’|Columba|Galaxy| Kapteyns Star|05h 11m 35s|-45 00’ 16”|Stellar|Pictor|Nearby star| NGC1851|05h 14m 15s|-40 02’ 30”|11’|Columba|Globular| NGC1962group|05h 26m 17s|-68 50’ 28”|?| Dorado|LMC neb/cluster NGC1968group|05h 27m 22s|-67 27’ 36”|12’ for group|Dorado| LMC Neb/cluster| NGC2070|05h 38m 37s|-69 05’ 52”|11’|Dorado|LMC Neb|Tarantula| NGC2442|07h 36m 24s|-69 32’ 38”|5.5’x4.9’|Volans|Galaxy|The meat hook| NGC2439|07h 40m 59s|-31 38’36”|10’|Puppis|Open Cluster| NGC2451|07h 45m 35s|-37 57’ 27”|45’|Puppis|Open Cluster| IC2220|07h 56m 57s|-59 06’ 00”|6’x4’|Carina|Nebula|Toby Jug| NGC2516|07h 58m 29s|-60 51’ 46”|29’|Carina|Open Cluster 8-12hr NGC2547|08h 10m 50s|-49 15’ 39”|20’|Vela|Open Cluster| NGC2736|09h 00m 27s|-45 57’ 49”|30’x7’|Vela|SNR|The Pencil| NGC2808|09h 12m 08s|-64 52’ 48”|12’|Carina|Globular| NGC2818|09h 16m 11s|-36 35’ 59”|9’|Pyxis|Open Cluster with planetary. -
THE SKY TONIGHT Constellation Is Said to Represent Ganymede, the Handsome Prince of Capricornus Troy
- October Oketopa HIGHLIGHTS Aquarius and Aquila In Greek mythology, the Aquarius THE SKY TONIGHT constellation is said to represent Ganymede, the handsome prince of Capricornus Troy. His good looks attracted the attention of Zeus, who sent the eagle The Greeks associated Capricornus Aquila to kidnap him and carry him with Aegipan, who was one of the to Olympus to serve as a cupbearer Panes - a group of half-goat men to the gods. Because of this story, who often had goat legs and horns. Ganymede was sometimes seen as the god of homosexual relations. He Aegipan assumed the form of a fish- also gives his name to one of the tailed goat and fled into the ocean moons of Jupiter, which are named to flee the great monster Typhon. after the lovers of Zeus. Later, he aided Zeus in defeating Typhon and was rewarded by being To locate Aquarius, first find Altair, placed in the stars. the brightest star in the Aquila constellation. Altair is one of the To find Capricornus (highlighted in closest stars to Earth that can be seen orange on the star chart), first locate with the naked eye, at a distance the Aquarius constellation, then of 17 light years. From Altair, scan look to the south-west along the east-south-east to find Aquarius ecliptic line (the dotted line on the (highlighted in yellow on the star chart). star chart). What’s On in October? October shows at Perpetual Guardian Planetarium, book at Museum Shop or online. See website for show times and - details: otagomuseum.nz October Oketopa SKY GUIDE Capturing the Cosmos Planetarium show. -
THE SKY TONIGHT Romans About Two Thousand Years Ago
- Southern Birds JULY HuRAE SKY GUIDE Most constellations visible in the northern sky in Dunedin were named by the Greeks and THE SKY TONIGHT Romans about two thousand years ago. These constellations are predominantly tied to myths and legends that explained how the stars were Moon Landing Anniversary put in the sky. The constellations in the southern The 20th of July this year marks fifty years sky, however, are not visible in the northern since humans first walked on the moon. hemisphere and so were not seen by Europeans The Apollo 11 mission was manned by three until the 15th and 16th centuries. These astronauts: Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and constellations were given more practical names Michael Collins. They flew for four days after related to the journeys of the explorers, rather launch before reaching the moon’s orbit. than being based on any mythological stories. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin piloted the lunar module to the surface of the moon and In the late 1500s, the Dutch embarked on many collected 47.5kg of lunar material before trade voyages around Africa and the East Indies. returning to the command module and Navigation on these trips proved to be quite heading home. What’s truly amazing is that this difficult, as there were no accurate maps of the was accomplished with a computer the size of southern skies. Petrus Plancius was a mapmaker a car, with less processing power than today’s who commissioned a pilot, Pieter Keyser, to pocket calculators. record the position of the stars in the southern skies. -
MLK Asteroids Report
The Asteroids Report for Martin Luther King 15 January 1929 12:00 Atlanta, Georgia Profesional Astro Reports www.astro-reports.com [email protected] Introduction to the Asteroids Report Asteroids orbit around the Sun just as planets do, but they are generally smaller than planets, and some of their physical characteristics and orbital characteristics are different from those of planets. Some objects are classified as being dwarf planets, and these objects are more similar to planets than most asteroids but do not fully have the characteristics that are typical of a planet. Pluto was once regarded officially as a planet but has been reclassified as a dward planet, and the asteroid Ceres is now widely regarded as a dwarf planet. Of the hundreds of thousands of asteroids that orbit around our Sun, over 1,000 of them have been given names that are related to myths, legends, literary or historical figures of interest, or places. Some astrologers believe that asteroids have a significance and relevance to human life just as the planets do, and that the astrological significance of the asteroid is often related in some way to the name of the asteroid. In this report 1,425 asteroids are analyzed to see if they are conjunct in zodiac longitude the Sun, Moon, or planets in the birth chart within a 1 degree orb. If the conjunction occurs, information about the asteroid is provided. Those astrologers who include hundreds of asteroids in their interpretations believe that the asteroids often related to very specific events in your life. The names of close family and friends and situations that you encounter in life often reflect the nature of the asteroids that are conjunct planets in your chart.