2012/2013 Annual Report
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Individual Responsibility Concerning HIV
SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection SIT Study Abroad Fall 2006 Individual Responsibility Concerning HIV Transmission Among MSM: A Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of NGO Intervention Policies and Their rP actical Applications Within the United Kingdom, Australia, and the Netherlands Martha Kienbaum SIT Study Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection Part of the Mass Communication Commons, and the Public Health Education and Promotion Commons Recommended Citation Kienbaum, Martha, "Individual Responsibility Concerning HIV Transmission Among MSM: A Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of NGO Intervention Policies and Their rP actical Applications Within the United Kingdom, Australia, and the Netherlands" (2006). Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 290. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/290 This Unpublished Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Study Abroad at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Individual Responsibility Concerning HIV Transmission Among MSM: A comparative study of the effectiveness of NGO intervention policies and their practical applications within the United Kingdom, Australia, and the Netherlands “We need to break the silence, banish the stigma and discrimination and ensure total inclusiveness within the struggle against AIDS.” Nelson Mandela Martha Kienbaum Fall 2006 School for International Training Amsterdam Project Advisor: Tobias Dörfler Academic Advisor: Ginni Fleck 1 Abstract This study investigates the complexities involved in utilizing the terms of individual responsibility for the construction of HIV prevention campaigns that target men who have sex with men. -
RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES AMONG URBAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ALASKA NATIVE MEN WHO HAVE SEX with MEN Cynthia R
AIDS Education and Prevention, 25(1), 25–37, 2013 © 2013 The Guilford Press PEARSON ET AL. RISK REDUCTION AMONG AIAN MSM A CAUTIONARY TALE: RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES AMONG URBAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ALASKA NATIVE MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN Cynthia R. Pearson, Karina L. Walters, Jane M. Simoni, Ramona Beltran, and Kimberly M. Nelson American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) men who have sex with men (MSM) are considered particularly high risk for HIV transmission and acquisition. In a multi-site cross-sectional survey, 174 AIAN men reported having sex with a man in the past 12 months. We describe harm reduc- tion strategies and sexual behavior by HIV serostatus and seroconcordant partnerships. About half (51.3%) of the respondents reported no anal sex or 100% condom use and 8% were in seroconcordant monogamous partnership. Of the 65 men who reported any sero-adaptive strategy (e.g., 100% seroconcordant partnership, strategic positioning or engaging in any strategy half or most of the time), only 35 (54.7%) disclosed their serosta- tus to their partners and 27 (41.5%) tested for HIV in the past 3 months. Public health messages directed towards AIAN MSM should continue to encourage risk reduction practices, including condom use and sero-adaptive behaviors. However, messages should emphasize the importance of HIV testing and HIV serostatus disclosure when relying solely on sero-adaptive practices. HIV/AIDS is an increasing threat to the health and well-being of American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIAN) across the United States (U.S.). According to the Na- tional HIV/AIDS Surveillance System, through 2009 an estimated cumulative total of 3,700 AIDS cases among AIAN were reported to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011a), with a 2009 estimated AIDS case rate of 6.6 per Cynthia R. -
Demetre C Daskalakis MD
Demetre C Daskalakis MD MPH New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene 42-09 28th Street, Long Island City, NY 11101 Cell: 347-989-5513 Office: 347-396-7728 [email protected] EDUCATION Degree Programs: 2012 Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA Masters of Public Health 1999 NYU School of Medicine New York, NY Medical Doctor 1995 Columbia University New York, NY Bachelor of Arts Post-Graduate Medical Training: 1999-2002 Harvard- Beth Israel Deaconess Boston, MA Residency (Medicine) 2002-2003 Harvard- Beth Israel Deaconess Boston, MA Chief Residency 2003-2005 Harvard-Partners Healthcare Boston, MA Fellowship (Infectious Dis) PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE 2017-Current New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Deputy Commissioner- Division of Disease Control Oversee all infectious disease related public health programming at the NYC Department of Health, including: . Bureau of HIV . Bureau of Sexually Transmitted Infections . Bureau of Tuberculosis . Bureau of Communicable Diseases (Including Viral Hepatitis) . Public Health Laboratory . Bureau of Immunization . Bureau of Administration Over 1000 employees, 13 direct service clinical sites Oversee budget of nearly $300,000,000 Notable experience: o Coordinated response to local Legionella Clusters including coordination of epidemiology, environmental health, and lab responses including clusters related to cooling towers in Lenox Hill, Flushing, and Upper Washington Heights o Re-established funding for Tuberculosis Clinics and Field Services after drastic -
ACT up by Geoffrey W
ACT UP by Geoffrey W. Bateman Encyclopedia Copyright © 2015, glbtq, Inc. Entry Copyright © 2004, glbtq, inc. Reprinted from http://www.glbtq.com On March 24, 1987, the AIDS Coalition To Unleash Power, or ACT UP, staged its first action in New York City on Wall Street, protesting the Food and Drug Administration and the drug company Burroughs Wellcome. Converging on the site in the hundreds, protesters passed out flyers, disrupted traffic, and drew considerable media attention. One activist even built an effigy of the head of the FDA that he hung outside a church during the protest. Through this demonstration, ACT UP initiated its direct-action strategy in the fight against the AIDS epidemic. Using bold images and confrontational tactics, ACT UP worked to promote awareness of AIDS and challenge the complacency of politicians and government officials who had yet to respond adequately to the crisis. As its statement of purpose reads, "ACT UP is a diverse, non-partisan group united in anger and committed to direct action to end the AIDS crisis. We protest and demonstrate; we meet with government and public health officials; we research and distribute the latest medical information; we are not silent." Targeting Wall Street allowed ACT UP to highlight one of the most pressing needs of those living with AIDS in the late 1980s--effective and affordable drug treatment. Because of FDA policies, Burroughs Wellcome was the only company that made and sold AZT. The high cost of the drug--anywhere from $10,000 to $13,000 a year for one patient--and the belief that it was the only treatment option available prompted New York City activists to target this monopoly. -
Larry Kramer Interview Number
A PROGRAM OF MIX – THE NEW YORK LESBIAN & GAY EXPERIMENTAL FILM FESTIVAL Interviewee: Larry Kramer Interview Number: 035 Interviewer: Sarah Schulman Date of Interview: November 15, 2003 © 2004 The New York Lesbian & Gay Experimental Film Festival, Inc. ACT UP ORAL HISTORY PROJECT Interview of Larry Kramer November 15, 2003 Tape I 00:07:00 SARAH SCHULMAN: If you could say your name, how old you are, where we are and today’s date? LARRY KRAMER: My name is Larry Kramer. We are in my study, in my lover’s and my house in New Preston, Connecticut. SS: How old are you? LK: I’m 68. SS: Mazel tov. What’s today’s date? LK: That I’ve lasted this long is a major miracle. SS: And today is? LK: November 15th, 2003. SS: Well, Larry, you’ve been interviewed many times and you have a lot to say, and what we really want to do is ask you the questions that you probably have not repeated ad nauseum before and that, maybe, more of an internal conversation from people who were inside ACT UP together. So we’re not going to be asking you these generic questions or things that anybody who is interested can find other places. I just want to ask you a few background questions. When did you family come to this country? LK: My father was born in this country, and his mother was from Russia and no one knows where his father was from. And my mother came when she was four, also from Russia. -
Leon Chaitow Protease Inhibitors the Drug-AIDS Hypothesis Leon
CONTINUUM LeonLeon ChaitowChaitow ––holisticholistic healinghealing && AIDSAIDS ProteaseProtease InhibitorsInhibitors ––thethe hypehype fadesfades TheThe Drug-AIDSDrug-AIDS HypothesisHypothesis —what’s—what’s thethe link?link? changing the way we think about aids vol 4 no 5 february/march 1997 UK £3 USA $5 CONTINUUM a magazine by the living for the living vol 4, no 5 why CONTINUUM? focus february/march 1997 Protease Inhibitors The orthodox view on AIDS holds that it is caused by a virus known as HIV that is PIs in Provincetown 8 JOHN LAURITSEN wonders how hope can transmitted through the exchange of body exact such a price fluids. Once infected, a person will remain well for a time, though infectious to others, From Hype to Hesitation 11 before going on to develop AIDS and dying. Recent research has led to serious caution Despite the huge sums of money spent on reports HUW CHRISTIE medical research, there is still no cure, just drug therapies said to slow the progress of the disease, and regular T-cell counts to measure health. features A whole industry has evolved around New Wave in France 13 AIDS, on which many careers and A recent health conference opened doors to businesses depend, but which offers little freedom of treatment hope to those affected. It works on the premise that HIV=AIDS=DEATH. Interview 14 CONTINUUM began as a newsletter Holistic doctor LEON CHAITOW says AIDS is a encouraging those effected to empower complex scenario which natural healing themselves to make care and treatment methods can address choices. As we look further, anomalies in the orthodox view continue to appear. -
Using Knowledge of HIV Status As an HIV Prevention Strategy
From Prevention in Focus, Spring 2014 Unknown, negative or positive? Using knowledge of HIV status as an HIV prevention strategy By James Wilton and Tim Rogers As front-line workers in HIV prevention, it is important to understand what prevention strategies clients are using and how they understand the risks associated with them. A common HIV prevention strategy used by gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM) is known as “serosorting” and involves limiting all – or just “high-risk” – sexual activities to partners who have the same HIV status. For example, an HIV-negative person may choose to only have condomless sex with other people who are HIV negative or an HIV-positive person may choose to only have condomless sex with other people who are HIV positive. This strategy is used in the context of different types of relationships, such as stable, casual, monogamous and non-monogamous relationships. This article focuses on how often serosorting is used, how well it works, and how knowledge of HIV status can be effectively used as a prevention strategy. The article only covers serosorting strategies that are based on individuals identifying themselves or others as HIV-positive or HIV-negative. It does not address other factors, such as viral load or use of other HIV prevention strategies, which play a very important role in assessing HIV risk. For information on these other strategies, please see the resource list at the end of the article. How common is serosorting? Serosorting is quite common among MSM in Canada and other parts of the world. -
A Novel Approach to Prevention for At-Risk HIV-Negative Menwhohavesexwithmen:Creatingateachablemoment to Promote Informed Sexual Decision-Making
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE A Novel Approach to Prevention for At-Risk HIV-Negative MenWhoHaveSexWithMen:CreatingaTeachableMoment to Promote Informed Sexual Decision-Making Lisa A. Eaton, PhD, Chauncey Cherry, MPH, Demetria Cain, MPH, and Howard Pope In the United States alone, 56000 new HIV Objectives. As a result of the impact of HIV among men who have sex with infections occur each year, the majority among men (MSM), multiple strategies for reducing HIV risks have emerged from within men who have sex with men (MSM).1 The stable the gay community. One common HIV risk reduction strategy limits unprotected number of MSM becoming infected with HIV sex partners to those who are of the same HIV status (serosorting). We tested testifies to the need for new and innovative a novel, brief, one-on-one intervention, based on informed decision-making and approachestoHIVpreventioninthishigh delivered by peer counselors, designed to address the limitations of serosorting priority population. Community-based pre- (e.g., risk for HIV transmission). vention programs targeting MSM have dwindled Methods. In 2009, we recruited a group of 149 at-risk men living in Atlanta, over the past decade, and only 3 evidence-based Georgia, and randomly assigned them to an intervention condition addressing interventions designed specifically for MSM are serosorting or a standard-of-care control condition. disseminated by the Centers for Disease Control Results. Men in the serosorting intervention reported fewer sexual partners 2 and Prevention, none of which are individual- (Wald c =8.79, P<.01) at the study follow-ups. Behavioral results were also consistent with changes in psychosocial variables, including condom use self- level or brief interventions (for details, see http:// efficacy and perceptions of risk for HIV transmission. -
Sean Cahill, Gay Men's Health Crisis, Public Policy, Research And
HIV/AIDS in the 2008 U.S. Presidential Campaign: Research and Analysis Raise Awareness of Critical Policy Issues Sean Cahill, Gay Men’s Health Crisis, Public Policy, Research and Community Health, New York, United States David Ernesto Munar, AIDS Foundation of Chicago, Policy and Communications, Chicago, United States Topic: E2. Influencing policy development and policies Cross-cutting theme: 5. “Do the right thing” and evidence-informed policies and programmes Issue: Under the Bush-Cheney Administration HIV incidence has increased among gay and bisexual men, and continues at high rates among other African American and Latino men and women. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control are announcing soon that annual new diagnoses are likely 50% higher than previously thought. Half of new infections occur among gay men and other men who have sex with men. Blacks and Latinos comprise two thirds of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), far disproportionate to their share of the population. Women are 27% of PLWHA, and AIDS is the leading cause of death for Black women ages 25–34. The next U.S. president must refocus energy on the domestic epidemic. Description: The Campaign to End AIDS, the AIDS Foundation of Chicago, Gay Men’s Health Crisis (GMHC), Housing Works, AIDS Action, and Health GAP sent a nonpartisan 19-question AIDSVote.org survey to all candidates. GMHC also examined voting records, news articles, campaign websites and debate transcripts to determine candidates’ positions. Barak Obama Hillary Clinton Mitt Romney John McCain Mike Huckabee Bill Richardson TiMElinE July – September 2007 Groups developed a 19 question survey which was sent to the 16 Presidential Candidates (8 Democrats, 8 Republicans) running at the time. -
Promoting the Health of Men Who Have Sex with Men
PROMOTING THE HEALTH OF MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN WORLDWIDE: A TRAINING CURRICULUM FOR PROVIDERS “A young gay man who I know reported to us an experience at the hospital where he had gone to seek treatment for a potential sexually transmitted infection. The nurses literally laughed at him when he divulged his sexual orientation during sexual history taking. They called each other and made a spectacle of him. … Men who have sex with men stay away from services because they fear being ridiculed.” — 26-year-old gay man and HIV professional, sub-Saharan Africa Contents A. Overview of the MSMGF-JHU Curriculum h. Why talk about sexual health? i. The larger context B. Pilot Test with GALZ, Zimbabwe j. Sexual and reproductive rights of gay men and C. Technical Advisory Board & other MSM Acknowledgements k. Key points from the module D. Facilitator’s Guidelines Module III: Barriers to Health a. Conceptual Framework: Facilitators, barriers, E. Tools for Evaluating Your Training and critical enablers to service access Module I: Understanding Gay Men and Other i. Structural-level factors MSM ii. Community and interpersonal-level factors a. Who are MSM? iii. Individual-level factors b. Evidence for male-to-male sex b. What are stigma and discrimination c. Key terminology i. Stigma d. Myths concerning homosexuality ii. Discrimination e. Common sexual practices of gay men and iii. Homophobia other MSM c. Stigma within the gay community i. Penetrative anal sex d. HIV-related stigma ii. Other sexual practices e. Link between social discrimination and health f. Relationships among gay men and other MSM i. -
2019 ANNUAL REPORT a Message from the CEO and Chair of the GMHC Board
THE GMHC DIFFERENCE 2019 ANNUAL REPORT A Message from the CEO and Chair of the GMHC Board Dear GMHC Community: GMHC excels in many ways, ensuring the communities we serve have access to high-quality HIV/AIDS services. Our comprehensive approach is designed to help people living with HIV/AIDS overcome barriers to healthy, productive lives. For nearly four decades, GMHC has been a major partner with the City of New York and the State of New York in fighting to end the AIDS epidemic. In 2019, our contributions helped push new HIV infections to an historic low of 1,772. Our programs reach into communities where the epidemic now concentrates, particularly young Black and Latinx men who have sex with men. The HIV care continuum is a public health model that outlines the stages people with HIV go through from diagnosis to achieving and maintaining viral suppression—the key to positive health outcomes and the virtual elimination of the risk of transmission. We work across nearly every step of the HIV care continuum. Again this year, our impact can be seen in our exceptionally high rates of linkage to care, adherence, and viral suppression rates: 91 percent of people who test HIV positive at GMHC were linked to care; 89 percent were adherent to treatment; and 94 percent were virally suppressed. Our comprehensive model is vital to achieving these outcomes. In particular, our services work to address the barriers such as housing and food insecurity and other social determinants of health that prevent people from accessing and adhering to treatment. -
Serosorting Among Men at Risk for HIV
RESEARCH: Gay Men & Men Who Have Sex with Men & Women Serosorting among Men at Risk for HIV PIs: Willi McFarland PhD, Hong-Ha Truong PhD Project Description This study will obtain cross-sectional and longitudinal data on “HIV serosorting” among MSM in San Francisco. We broadly define HIV serosorting as diverse strategies to reduce HIV acquisition or transmission by intentionally selecting sexual partners of the same serostatus or by modifying sexual practices depending on the partner’s serostatus. We will recruit a community-based cohort of HIV- and HIV+ MSM using a probability- based time-location sampling method with longitudinal follow-up over the Internet. Significance The current phase of the HIV epidemic in San Francisco is complex with rising levels of overall unprotected anal sex (UAS) and STDs, yet stable HIV incidence. We hypothesize that HIV serosorting may explain these apparently contradictory findings; that is, increasing UAS with partners of the same HIV serostatus is leading to increases in STD incidence but not HIV incidence. While some evidence suggests serosorting may be increasing among MSM in San Francisco, many questions remain: How prevalent is serosorting as a deliberately adopted HIV prevention strategy in the MSM community? How do MSM identify partners of the same serostatus? What factors contribute to the success or failure of adhering to serosorting strategies? We need detailed and prospectively collected data in order to answer these questions and to assess the causal relationship between reported serosorting and actual risk for HIV. Accurate information is essential for 1) dispelling misperceptions of serosorting if it is not causally associated with reducing serodiscordant UAS, 2) increasing serosorting success if it is, or 3) framing serosorting in the context of risk reduction (but not elimination) if its role in reducing risk is mixed.