ADM ANNOUNCES WOMEN IN DEFENCE AWARDS FINALISTS #WIDA2018 ADM EXCLUSIVE FROM THE SOURCE

Print Post Approved 100008807 DMTC CEO Dr Mark Hodge speaks to ADM this month CELEBRATES 25 YEARS JUNE 2018 VOL.26 NO.6 WWW.AUSTRALIANDEFENCE.COM.AU Capability Edge Tracking the JORN journey Tension on Air 7003

Budget 2018 Managing Editor Katherine Ziesing and ASPI’s Dr Marcus Hellyer examine what the Budget means for Defence.

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©2018 Raytheon Company. All rights reserved. THIS MONTH Contents VOLUME 27 NO 4 | JUNE 2018 6

ON THE COVER: JORN is a great example of long term high technology DST Group partnerships with industry. DEFENCE REGULAR NEWS DEFENCE BUSINESS 28 AND REPORTS Securing society CIVSEC 2018 14 Editorial 4 ADM announced News Review 6 Women in Defence The View from Canberra 48 Awards finalists 16 Events 50 Books 52 BUDGET 2018 From the Source 58 A moderate approach but is moderation NEWS what we need? 26 40 Sub design to move to 2018 Defence Budget: Adelaide in 2022 6 Steady as she goes 28 Hoffman Engineering wins more maritime work 6 CAPABILITY EDGE Defence Industrial JORN: a world leading Capability Plan released: OTHR capability 40 ADM’s executive summary 8 Air 7003: the road Australia joins NATO towards an armed UAV 46 cyber centre as domain heats up 10 Antonov AN-124 deliver 54 first JSF parts 12 Leurssen signs L-3 on OPVs 12

DEFENCE BUSINESS From the Source Here are the finalists forADM’ s CEO of DMTC inaugural woman in Defence Dr Mark Hodge

“Collaboration is enshrined in our business model. Mega projects are a Without it, the massive budget drain for model breaks.” Defence. P26

www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 3 EDITORIAL

www.australiandefence.com.au

MANAGING EDITOR: Katherine Ziesing Reporting matters Email: [email protected] Tel: (02) 6203 9535 Mob: 0419 014 308 Fax: (02) 6232 4738 DEPUTY EDITOR AT LARGE: Nigel Pittaway Email: [email protected] KATHERINE ZIESING | CANBERRA Tel 03 5428 7875 ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Ewen Levick Email: [email protected] ONCE again Budget papers provide more in- in the support of goals outlined in the National Tel (02) 9213 8249 formation about the state of the union than Shipbuilding Program. The fact that a mutually SENIOR CORRESPONDENT – SYDNEY: Julian Kerr almost any other document released by the satisfactory commercial arrangement could not Email: [email protected] Department or government. With firm dollar be reached is through no fault of any of the play- Tel: (02) 02 9960 4054 Mob: 0418 635 823 figures, timelines and actual project numbers, ers; the stars have aligned the way they did and CONTRIBUTORS THIS ISSUE the portfolio statements are the cornerstone of the build will now progress. Max Blenkin | Canberra how we can hold both the government and de- Details of the 2015 AIC plan for the Future Marcus Hellyer | Canberra partment to account. Our full budget coverage Submarine from DCNS, now Naval Group, have BRISBANE OFFICE PO Box 9165, Wynnum Plaza, starts on P26 this month. been released under Freedom of Information, QLD 4178 AUSTRALIA Having said that, the policy framework brought Tel: (07) 3348 6966 though heavily redacted in places. The document International: Tel: 61-7-3348 6966 out by the government since the 2016 trifecta speaks of nine Transfer of Technology (TOT) Fax: 61-7-3348 6511 of the White Paper, Defence Industry Policy measures that Naval Group will be working ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER: Kylie Leonard Statement and Integrated Investment Program towards. Unfortunately, what those nine measures Email: [email protected] (IIP) is expanding. The National Shipbuilding look like are redacted, as is what the intellectual BOOKS EDITOR: Peter Masters Plan, Defence Export Strategy and now the property flow will look like. Email: [email protected] NATIONAL ADVERTISING MANAGER: Defence Industrial Capability Plan (see P10 for What can be seen however is that Naval Group David Jones more on this) complement the suite of guiding sees the significant role of Centres of Excellence Tel: (07) 3348 6966 Mob: 0412 188 100 documents. All that is missing now is the IIP web- and Innovation Clusters across numerous areas Email: [email protected] as a key plank of their TOT/AIC SUBSCRIPTIONS GREATMAGAZINES.COM.AU program. The initial five centres CALL 1800 807 760 “ After two years of solid proposed by the company are: EMAIL [email protected] • Hull Material and Welding Via air mail • Hydrodynamics Australia 1 Year $A165.00 questioning about when it will New Zealand 1 Year $A185.00 • Composite Materials Asia 1 Year $A220.00 • Energy Optimisation Rest Of World 1 Year $A280.00 appear, the promised site is still MAIL SUBSCRIPTIONS TO • Marine Growth Corrosion Subscription Department, One would argue that many Australian Defence Magazine under development apparently.” GPO Box 606 Sydney NSW 2001 of these elements are already 10% discount for subscription agents in place in Australia under MANAGING DIRECTOR: Tracy Yaffa bodies like DMTC (see this month’s From the PRODUCTION DIRECTOR: Matthew Gunn site. After two years of solid questioning about ART DIRECTOR: Ana Heraud when it will appear, the promised site is still under Source interview with DMTC CEO Dr Mark STUDIO MANAGER: Lauren Esdaile DESIGNER: Maria Alegro development apparently. Hodge), various CRCs and work being done by MARKETING MANAGER: Sabarinah Elijah The official recognition of defence industry DST Group in partnership with academia. The as a Fundamental Input to Capability is begin- document also states that Naval Group intends to ADVERTISING PRODUCTION: John Viskovich Tel: (02) 9213 8215 ning to be felt at every level of the Defence become part of the formal Global Supply Chain Email: [email protected] community. Large programs now accept, program with Defence. Once again, the redacted AUSTRALIAN DEFENCE MAGAZINE (ADM) is published in the third week of each on both sides, that an industry roadshow to sections do not allow us to see what reporting month by Yaffa Media Pty Ltd get the lay of the land is standard practice. mechanisms are in place to make sure that prom- ACN 002 699 354. 17-21 Bellevue Street Surry Hills NSW 2010, Engagement early and often throughout the ises made turn into promises kept. Tel: (02) 9281 2333 Fax: (02) 9281 2750 new capability lifecycle is expected, if not Amongst many other details, the Australian Defence Magazine also publishes the demanded. It is the new normal. Commonwealth and Naval Group are cur- weekly newsletter Defence Week Premium and the Directory of Defence Suppliers News as this edition went to bed that Austal rently hammering out the finer details of every six months. will have no part in the OPV build (but con- the AIC elements in Strategic Partnership gratulations are in order for the roll out of the Agreement (SPA). ADM understands that this company’s first Guardian class boat for the umbrella agreement should be signed off later Copyright ©2018 Pacific Patrol Boat program last month) is a this year, enabling further work on the design All material appearing in ADM is copyright. Reproduction in whole or in part is not permitted without permission shame for the WA-based builder but hardly itself to progress both in France and Australia. in writing from the publisher. The publishers accept sole responsibility for the contents of this publication, which unexpected. There are no doubt sound reasons Hopefully this agreement will include reporting may in no way be taken to represent the views of the Department of Defence, the Australian Defence Force or that Luerssen and Austal did not team together measures on AIC elements. any other agency of the Commonwealth of Australia. in the first place. In this case government did Otherwise, we will all have to wait for the what it said it would do; it gathered everybody inevitable ANAO reports on the most complex in a room to talk about the art of the possible mega program the nation has ever attempted.

4 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au Precision optical systems Designed and manufactured in Australia

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For more information visit www.baesystems.com NEWS REVIEW INDUSTRY UPDATE The decision to move design work to Adelaide was one amongst many agreed during French President Macron's visit to Sydney in May. Sub design to move to Adelaide in 2022 CRITICAL design work on the Future Sub- industry capability. marine Program will move to South Aus- Up to 270 Austra- tralia from 2022. lian jobs will be cre- Currently, initial design work is taking ated in the detailed place in Adelaide and Cherbourg, France. design and pro- The announcement coincides with the visit duction planning to Australia by the French President, Em- activities. During NAVAL GROUP manuel Macron, and follows the signing of detailed design the several agreements strengthening defence Future Submarines will be developed range of training activities to ensure that industry and research ties. and planned using advanced computer- shipbuilders achieve the necessary qualifi- It also follows the recent release of the aided software, which includes the lay- cations and develop the skills needed to un- Defence Industrial Capabilities Plan, out of all systems in each compartment dertake both detailed design and produc- which highlighted the need for foreign con- of the submarine. tion planning. tractors to have a 'significant' Australian At the same time, the schedule for the The 12 new submarines will be con- presence. Naval Group’s decision to migrate construction of the submarine will be structed in Adelaide using a national supply detailed design of the Future Submarine to planned in detail to guide shipyard workers chain. More than 600 Australian compa- Australia is an early indicator that the plan on each stage of the build. nies have so far registered interest with Na- will help build Australia’s sovereign defence Preparations for the build will involve a val Group to be part of the program. Hofmann Engineering wins more maritime work NIGEL PITTAWAY | MELBOURNE thrusters under the firm contract will be market,” Deste said. “By transferring the delivered in 2019. knowledge and technology directly to Aus- The work follows the awarding of a pilot tralian workers, management, institutions FINCANTIERI Australia announced on contract to Hofmann by Fincantieri in Oc- and businesses, Australia will gain the ca- May 4 that it has awarded a contract to Hof- tober 2017, for the supply of a bow thruster pability and independent control to design mann Engineering for two transverse tun- for a landing helicopter dock (LHD) vessel and build new vessels and the advanced nel thrusters, to be used in cruise ships built the Italian shipbuilder is constructing for an equipment within them. Fincantieri’s de- by the parent company in Italian shipyards. undisclosed customer in the Middle East. cision to place additional orders with Hof- The order is valued at up to 1 million eu- Fincantieri and Hofmann have also mann Engineering demonstrates this trans- ros and two further options could see the signed an MoU to jointly co-operate in the fer at work.” company produce up to six thrusters under development of the market for the manu- Fincantieri is one of the three shortlisted the agreement. The two transverse tunnel facture of marine systems and components, contenders for Australia’s Future Frigate which the Italian program, Sea 5000, which will oversee the The launch of an Italian FREMM in Genoa shipbuilder esti- construction of nine anti-submarine war- by Fincantieri in January 2018. mates is worth 250 fare – optimised ships in Adelaide. million euros over Deste told ADM that no matter the the next five years. outcome of Sea 5000, the work enables ADM spoke with Hofmann to join Fincantieri’s network of Fincantieri Austra- 80,000 global subcontractors. lia chairman Dario “Our commitment is total and we are Deste this week to placing orders regardless of whether we find out more. are successful for Sea 5000 or not,” Deste “We are com- added. “We have been consistent with what mitted to transfer- we have promised, to create new capabilities ring technology to and provide a market for them. design, build ships, “Hofmann began producing a bow and the equipment thruster for Fincantieri’s naval market and within Australia we’re now addressing the civilian cruise

NIGEL PITTAWAYNIGEL to create an export ship market.”

6 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au DEFENCE + INDUSTRY GALA AWARDS The Defence + Industry Gala Awards return to the National Convention Centre, Canberra on Wednesday 1 August 2018. Featuring the Essington Lewis Awards – recognising excellence in defence projects – the evening will be hosted by celebrity MCs Rove McManus and Claire Hooper with entertainment and music from Royal Australian Navy Band, Sydney. This black tie gala event is not to be missed! Interested in supporting this premier defence event? Corporate support packages are available via our website.

DEFENCE + INDUSTRY CONFERENCE The Defence + Industry Conference is a key Defence and industry collaboration event. Thursday, 2 August 2018 will see Canberra’s National Convention Centre come alive with informative, thought-provoking presentations from Defence and industry leaders along with Q&A sessions and networking opportunities.

STAY INFORMED For more information visit www.defence.gov. au/casg/dplusi or email defenceandindustry. [email protected]

Defending Australia and its National Interests www.defence.gov.au NEWS REVIEW INDUSTRY UPDATE Defence Industrial Capability Plan released: ADM’s executive summary

KATHERINE ZIESING | CANBERRA

BUILDING on the foundation laid in Feb- ruary 2016 with the release of the White Paper, Integrated Investment Plan, and De- fence Industry Policy Statement, Minister for Defence Industry Christopher Pyne has released the Defence Industrial Capability Plan. The new document compliments the aforementioned guidance alongside the Na- tional Shipbuilding Plan, released last year, and the Defence Export Strategy released in January this year. At first glance, one can cynically assume that the SICs and PICS (strategic or prior- ity industry capabilities) framework has just had a makeover. In his remarks at the launch, Minister Pyne was at pains to ex- plain that this was not the case. “This Plan introduces an initial list of Sovereign Industrial Capability Priorities,” DEFENCE Pyne told the audience, which was com- Minister for Defence Industry Chris Pyne launching the DICP in Canberra. plete with an impressive array of captains of industry, ambassadors, foreign defence attaches and media. “In approaching the • Advanced signal processing capability lars not absorbed costs) to be administered consideration of Sovereign Industrial Capa- in Electronic Warfare, Cyber and Infor- by the Centre for Defence Industry Capa- bility Priorities, we have focused on a defi- mation Security, and Signature Manage- bility, to begin in the middle of this year. nition that covers access to, or control over, ment technologies and operations “First and foremost, it restates the Gov- the essential skills, technology, IP, financial • Surveillance and Intelligence data col- ernment’s policy of maximising the involve- resources and infrastructure within our de- lection, analysis and dissemination, and ment of competitive Australian companies fence industrial base. Complex Systems Integration in the acquisition, operation, and sustain- “The priorities are described at a capabili- • Test, Evaluation, Certification and Sys- ment of defence capability,” Pyne said. “The ty level, rather than a company or technolo- tems Assurance plan has a key message for industry— that gy level. This approach will encourage inno- • Munitions and Small Arms Research, we expect all companies, including primes, vation in existing technologies and provide Design, Development and Manufacture that want to work with Defence, to consid- flexibility in supporting new developments • Aerospace Platform Deep Maintenance er how they currently or might best fit in to across the Integrated Investment Program The government envisions that unlike the big picture. capability streams and within individual the former PICs and SICs framework, these “Put simply, we are redefining the phrase projects.” SICPs will be seen as a coherent whole in ‘Australian Defence Industry’. Having The 10 initial Sovereign Industrial Capa- terms of planning support across the full just an Australian Business Number is not bility Priorities are: breadth of the Capability Life Cycle. They enough if you are planning to be part of • Collins Class submarine maintenance will be incorporated into Australian In- this. Being a serious contributor in Austra- and technology upgrades dustry Capability Plans and will each have lian defence industry means having Austra- • Continuous Shipbuilding Program (in- their own performance and implementa- lian-based industrial capability. cluding rolling submarine acquisition) tion reporting streams which will be rolled “It means company and board presence, • Land Combat Vehicle and technology out from mid-2019 onwards. infrastructure, and a skills base that can upgrades Pyne was also blunt in his explanation of complete value-added work here in Aus- • Enhanced Active and Passive Phased Ar- what the Plan means in practical terms for tralia, employing Australian workers. It’s ray Radar Capability Australian defence industry. Pyne also an- an important shift, and signals to industry • Combat clothing survivability and signa- nounced a $17 million competitive grant that establishing a shop-front and getting ture reduction technologies fund (ADM confirmed these are new dol- an ABN is no longer enough,” Pyne said.

8 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au

NEWS REVIEW INDUSTRY UPDATE Australia joins NATO cyber centre as domain heats up ARNO MIKKOR/FLICKR

ABOVE: The exercise tests participating teams' ability to respond to cyber attacks on critical infrastructure as they happen.

LEFT: The NATO team won this year's Locked Shields exercise in Estonia. ARNO MIKKOR/FLICKR

capabilities like Australia’s, which are sub- That is not necessarily a disadvantage, but EWEN LEVICK | SYDNEY ject to rules of engagement and interna- it does mean that the ADF and wider indus- tional law. try must be prepared. States like Russia that Cyber can serve as a potent force multi- are prepared to use cheap, blunt-force cyber- FOREIGN Minister Julie Bishop has plier for existing operations – the report attacks and other online tools do not dis- launched a ‘temporary embassy’ in Tallinn, references Israel’s use of cyber to tempo- criminate between military and civilian tar- Estonia, that will facilitate Australian par- rarily disable Syria’s air defences and allow gets. Information on system capabilities and ticipation in the NATO Cooperative Cyber bombers to fly undetected during the 2007 vulnerabilities may be easier to glean from Defence Centre of Excellence (CCDCOE). raid on a Syrian nuclear reactor. Cyber op- the supply chain than from the end user. The ‘pop-up’ Embassy will be in Tallinn erations also have a global reach, offer asym- Ultimately, the difference in how nations for 12 months. metric advantages at relatively low cost, and choose to use cyber reflects their relative Minister Bishop also confirmed that a can engage targets that cannot be reached happiness with the current global order. A member of the ADF will be seconded to conventionally. The Stuxnet worm that hit revisionist state like Putin’s Russia, which is the centre for three months each year. This Iran’s nuclear centrifuges is a case in point. seeking to challenge the West’s convention- year Australia observed Locked Shields, the The downsides are that cyber is unlikely al supremacy, relies heavily on the asymmet- world’s largest cyber defence exercise. to be effective when used on its own, and ric advantages that cyber offers. It is a tool “Australia welcomes the opportunity to cheap, brute-force attacks (WannaCry, for that can be used freely with a low risk of deepen engagement with the world-leading example) are not tactics likely to be used triggering a conventional conflict. cyber defence experts at the NATO CCD- by a state abiding by a rules-based interna- Minister Bishop subtly rebuked Russia’s COE,” Minister Bishop said. “Now, more tional order. use of cyber in her remarks. “The interna- than ever, we must engage with the interna- These, however, are exactly the sort of at- tional rules based order applies online, just tional community to set clear expectations tacks that other states freely use to gain op- as it does offline.” for responsible state behaviour in cyberspace.” erational and strategic advantages. Russia That is not the case in practice. Asym- Australia has been unusually transparent used blunt-force DDOS attacks to disrupt metric advantages like cyber offer revision- in this space, and was the first state to publicly Ukrainian communications and gain an ist states an advantage precisely because acknowledge its offensive cyber capabilities in operational advantage during the invasion they do not follow established rules. 2016. According to PM Malcolm Turnbull, of Crimea. It also used ‘troll farms’ and Australia needs to prepare accordingly. these will be used to respond to serious cyber- other online tools to influence the 2016 US Participating in cyber exercises in Estonia attacks, to support military operations, and presidential election. will certainly aid in the ADF’s preparation, to target offshore cyber-criminals. This disparity in tactics places the ADF but more needs to be done to secure Aus- In a recent report, ASPI noted some of and Australian defence industry on the tralian industry, particularly SMEs, in the the advantages and disadvantages of cyber defensive. increasingly contested online domain.

10 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au WHATEVER THE MISSION, L3 IS THERE.

© Commonwealth of Australia/Department of Defence 2016

COMMITMENT: AT THE CORE OF EVERYTHING WE DO For more than two decades, L3 Technologies has been a committed partner alongside the men and women of the Australian Defence Force (ADF). We continue to develop advanced systems and provide ongoing support to the ADF to safeguard Australia’s sovereignty. Our proven ability to bring the right technology to the operational challenges of tomorrow ensures that L3 delivers the world’s best military capabilities across all environmental domains.

Our commitment to Australia remains steadfast, working as a trusted and integrated industry partner alongside Australia’s warfi ghters — today, tomorrow and into the future.

L3T.COM ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS AEROSPACE SYSTEMS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS SENSOR SYSTEMS NEWS REVIEW INDUSTRY UPDATE

Antonov An-124 delivers first JSF parts DEFENCE

ONE of the world’s largest aircraft has land- the F-35A fuselage, including the weapons ABOVE: An Antonov An-124 parks on the ed at RAAF Base Williamtown carrying bay and wing hard points. The equipment flightline as an E7-A Wedgetail, Airborne Early Warning and Control Aircraft (left) the first delivery of Australia’s state of the delivered will provide Australia with its taxis in to RAAF Base Williamtown. art training equipment for the Joint Strike own F-35 pilot and maintainer training Fighter. capability and will form part of the overall Minister for Defence Marise Payne said Australian F-35A Training System,” Minis- the Antonov An-124 touched down after a ter Payne said. sion Unit will include six Full Mission Sim- two-day journey from the United Kingdom “Importantly this equipment will enable ulators required for F-35A pilot training. carrying equipment for the Australian F- our pilots and crews to train without having “The first two of these six simulators will 35A Integrated Training Centre. to remove aircraft from flight schedules. be delivered later this year,” she said. The equipment delivered will provide “This is an important milestone with two The Antonov departed Yorkshire on 30 Australia with its own F-35 pilot and main- of Australia’s F-35A aircraft to be based at April 2018, with stop overs at Gujarat, In- tainer training capability. RAAF Base Williamtown from December dia and Senai, Malaysia before arriving to “This delivery includes an Ejection Sys- 2018 and pilot training expected to com- Williamtown. tems Maintenance Trainer which is a rep- mence at Williamtown from mid next year." RAAF Base Williamtown last hosted an lica of the F-35A aircraft escape systems and Minister Payne said future deliveries to Antonov 124—the ‘baby’ of the Antonov a Weapons Load Trainer, which replicates Williamtown’s No. 2 Operational Conver- heavy lift fleet—approximately 10 years ago. Luerssen signs L-3 on OPVs

LUERSSEN Australia, the prime con- tractor for the design and build of 12 new Offshore Patrol Vessels for the RAN, has awarded a subcontract to L3 Communica- tions Australia. While opening L3’s new Defence Design and Engineering Centre in Victoria, Minis- ter for Defence Industry Christopher Pyne said the contract with L3 would provide the LUERRSEN communications throughout the ships, in- Luerssen's OPV will be fitted with L3 communications and navigation systems. cluding monitoring systems for the engines and navigation system for all 12 OPVs. tions to our Collins Class Submarines and Lurssen Australia is under contract “This contract will see 28 jobs created in Canberra Class Amphibious Assault Ships. for the design and build of 12 OPVs. The Australia while allowing L3 to package a “L3 have been expanding in Australia, project, which in total is worth around range of their maritime solutions together, growing by 30% since mid-2017. Their brand $3.6 billion, will create approximately providing further growth and opportunities new expanded Defence Design and Engineer- 1,000 jobs – 400 direct and a further for local Australian companies,” Minister ing Centre will enable this relationship to con- 600 in the supply chain. Construction Pyne said. “L3 Technologies has a long histo- tinue and grow, collaborating and innovating will commence on the first ship at Os- ry of working with the ADF to deliver a range with local universities and SMEs, and I con- borne Naval Shipyard in South Austra- of capabilities, and have made vital contribu- gratulate them on the opening.” lia this year.

12 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au @boxercrv www.boxercrv.com.au

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DEFENCE BUSINESS CIVSEC

security agencies, and the document sets The five eyes panel at CIVSEC out the newly-created National Security Science and Technology Centre’s (NSSTC) role in helping national security agencies with understanding and prioritising their science and technology requirements and to co-ordinate research and development efforts to meet the ever evolving threat. An NSSTC Interdepartmental Committee was established in March 2017 to provide a cross agency governance mechanism to review and endorse national security poli- cies and priorities and the chief technology officer is Dr Richard Davis, who chaired the stream on the opening day of the conference. In his keynote address Dr Zelinsky told delegates that national security has been a growing concern over the last two decades and that the environment is becoming increasingly unstable, with threats for- ever changing and that timely and accu- rate intelligence is vital to countering the emerging threats. “At this conference is that we’re putting science and technology in a strategic role Securing Society and this is actually something new. Over the last two decades national security has been a growing concern for countries all over the world and for western nations in particular. Certainly for Australia we can no longer rely on distance to the rest of the world to remain CIVSEC 2018 safe,” he said. “Australia’s regional environment is NIGEL PITTAWAY | MELBOURNE becoming increasingly unstable. The terror- ist threat to our security and way of life is The second biennial Civil Security Congress and Exposition lurking at our doorstep. These threats are for- (CIVSEC) was held at the Melbourne Convention and ever evolving and it is paramount that we’re not only ready to meet these threats, but to Exhibition Centre from May 1-3, with the event building be fully-prepared to prevent such threats on the inaugural forum launched in 2016. from surprising us. Science and technology can be an integral part of national security.” Dr Zelinsky highlighted the government’s RUN by the Aerospace Maritime Defence and an aviation stream dealing with critical infra- six national security priorities in this area, Security Foundation of Australia (AMDA), structure; AustCyber Pitchfest; and the which include cyber security; intelligence the three day event took place in parallel with DST Group-led ‘Science and Technology exploitation; border security and identity the invitation-only Police Conference (PC18), Innovation for Civil and National Security’ management; investigative support and which attracted Police Commissioners from series of discussions and presentations. forensic science; preparedness, protection, around Australia and NZ, together with the prevention and incident response; and tech- Chief Police Officer of the ACT. Science and Technology for nology forecasting. According to AMDA officials, CIVSEC Civil and National Security 2018 had around 2,000 delegate registrations In kicking off the S&T stream on the open- Strategic Security stream over the three-day period and the modest ing day of the conference, Chief Defence Events on the second day of CIVSEC 2018 exposition hall attracted 74 exhibitors, with a Scientist Dr Alex Zelinsky launched the were led by the Strategic Security Summit range of capabilities and products on display. Australian Government’s National Security Stream, which the organisers touted as the The conference itself was broadly organ- Science and Technologies policy and priori- ‘primary policy and thought leadership ised into 13 conferences and seminars ties document. forum’ at the event. stretched across the three days, including the The 2016 Defence White Paper recognised Chaired by Professor Rory Medcalf, head Strategic Security Summit; ‘Civil Security in Defence Science & Technology Group’s role of the National Security College at the the 21st Century’; Cyber Security Careers in leading the delivery of science and tech- Australian National University, the stream Forum; the ‘Drones in Civil Security’ forum; nology in support of Australia’s national kicked off with a keynote address by Michael

14 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au Phelan, CEO of the Australian Criminal CIVSEC 2018 Innovation Awards In the Disaster Relief, Emergency Intelligence Commission (ACIC). Day two of the event also included the Management and Humanitarian Services The summit was also used to formally announcement of the winners of the category, DST Group and the University of launch the 5RD Council, a ‘five-eyes’ initiative Industry Defence and Security Australia Melbourne won the Innovation Award for between Australia, Canada, NZ the UK and Limited (IDSAL) Civil Security Innovations their work in the surveillance and prediction the US to co-operate on civil security research Awards, which recognises innovation in the of disease outbreaks in real time. Zirkata was and development in an unclassified forum. fields of civil security and community pro- highly commended in this category for its Dr Richard Davis, Chief Technology tection. At CIVSEC 2018 the awards were cloud-based shared mapping system for fire Officer National Security at the NSSTC said held across five categories, including Cyber and emergency services, which is automati- the 5RD Civil Security Council initiative is a Security; Physical Security and Policing; cally updated. multi-lateral forum with the aim of “inform- Disaster Relief, Emergency Management The DSTG/University of Melbourne ing and co-ordinating public safety, research, and Humanitarian Services. team also won the National Innovation development and evaluation (RDT&E) to In the Cyber Security Category the Award for their work in disease outbreak expand capacity and deliver more efficient Innovation Award was won by Fivecast, prediction. and cost-effective access to results.” for automated storage and analysis of “Civil security is a very diffuse field CIVSEC 2018 was the first public unveil- information gathered from open sources, that embraces everything from cyber ing of the 5RD Council, and was represented and Droneshield Limited won a high com- and transport security to policing, bor- by Dr Davis; Director General Defence mendation for its Drone Gun, a counter- der protection, counter-terrorism, disas- Research and Development Canada, UAS weapon. ter relief and emergency management,” Dr Mark Williamson; the UK Home The Innovation Award for Physical IDSAL CEO Ian Honnery said. “We Office’s Science & Technology Officer Security and Policing went to Intelligent want to recognise the skills and expertise Simon Staffell and Jay Martin, Director Security Australia for its mobile, Wi-Fi and that exist within Australia and reward of Research & Development Partnerships cloud-enabled surveillance system. The com- the highly innovative work which is (S&T Directorate) with the US Department pany also won the SME Innovation Grant being undertaken by Australian compa- of Homeland Security. for the same product. nies and individuals.”

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www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 15 WOMEN IN DEFENCE AWARDS WIDA2018

ADM announces Women in Defence Award finalists

COMMUNICATIONS

NICOLE DAVIES BROADSPECTRUM Role: National Manager Communication and Customer Service, Defence Nicole has been a member of the Defence industry community for 15 years. Her career history demonstrates her commitment to the industry. She has passion for Communication as a profession and ensuring its value is demonstrated as critical to business operations. She strives for solutions that improve services for the Defence customer and engage the internal workforce.

SARAH VALENTINE RAYTHEON AUSTRALIA Role: Head of Corporate Affairs and Communications Sarah has advanced Raytheon Australia’s corporate objectives as a communications leader and a member of the company’s leadership team. Sarah’s Corporate Affairs and Communications organisation has been transformed from a supporting function to one which has a key role in setting the company’s strategy. Regarded as a strategic partner to the business units, Sarah provides counsel and support to her leadership team colleagues.

HELEN WARD DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE - CAPABILITY ACQUISITION AND SUSTAINMENT GROUP Role: Senior Advisor Industry and Communications, Land 400 Along her Land 400 journey, Helen’s role has evolved substantially from her original pure communications role, to industry liaison with the hundreds of small to medium enterprises involved in delivering Australian jobs. As part of this, she developed a national series of industry workshops that gave over 400 businesses nationally a chance to showcase their wares to the primes involved. This initiative has now become the Defence industry standard for such activities, and is set to be emulated by subsequent, even larger projects.

16 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au After receiving over 100 entries across the six categories, ADM is pleased to announce the finalists for the inaugural Women in Defence Awards for 2018. Judges gathered in Canberra last month to narrow down the stellar field of contenders, with a mix of SMEs, primes and government (both APS and uniformed personnel) making their way into the hotly contested list. Winners will be announced at a gala lunch on July 27 at The Pialligo Estate in Canberra, where Minister for Defence and WIDA patron Senator Marise Payne will deliver a keynote address and announce the Hall of Fame inductee. Ahead of the awards ceremony next month, we have a look at each of the contenders Women in Defence Award finalists by category. ADM would like to thank each and every nominee, and their nominators who took the time to recognise an extraordinary woman in their midst.

LEGAL/CONTRACTING

KIRSTY BUCHAN BAE SYSTEMS AUSTRALIA Role: Senior Sub-Contract Officer, Hawk Lead-In Fighter Kirsty has spent the majority of her career in Defence contract management roles employed with three defence suppliers. She is a unique character, possessing exceptional interpersonal skills which allow her to relate to all levels of an organisation. Her enthusiasm and self-motivation are evident in standing up the Lean-In Circles.

BRONWYN ATKINSON BOEING DEFENCE AUSTRALIA Role: Senior Manager Supplier Management Bronwyn brings to her role a unique mix of legal skills with commercial acumen. Coupled with her strong leadership skills, Bronwyn has shown herself to be an invaluable contributor to Boeing’s defence success in Australia. As a member of the Command, Control, Communications and Information Solutions (C3I) divisional leadership team, Bronwyn contributes a balanced view to a heavily engineer-centric part of the business.

SARAH FULKER JLL Role: Procurement Manager – Defence In this role, Sarah is responsible for a team of procurement analysts and provides advice, direction and training across the broader project delivery team. This team is responsible for delivering facilities and infrastructure projects across Australia in support of the Defence Estate Works Program (EWP).

For more information on the awards and luncheon, please contact event coordinator Jess Havard [[email protected]].

www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 17 WOMEN IN DEFENCE AWARDS WIDA2018

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

DEBBIE-SUE MCGOVERN BROADSPECTRUM Role: EMOS Manager RAAF Pearce & Remote Sites Debbie’s commitment is demonstrated in her love for the job and the people she works with. In her own words, she likes to know that she is making a tangible difference with Defence. Her intimate understanding of Defence at one of the busiest flying training schools in Australia means she can pre-empt requirements to support the critical objectives of the Air Force. Debbie is already an outstanding ambassador for the industry and colleagues, teaching her team about communication and the complexities of managing contracted services in Defence.

ESTI COGGER JLL Role: Project Director Defence Estate Works Program NSW Esti has demonstrated success in the delivery of projects in alignment with Defence requirements and her commitment to working with multiple stakeholders to bring desired outcomes. Her mastery of technical details, team leadership and achievement of value for money on all projects deserve special recognition. She has also been a strong advocate and instrumental in building awareness around the diversity and inclusion of others, including those with diverse cultural backgrounds, and particularly Indigenous Australians.

GROUP CAPTAIN WENDY BLYTH DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE – CAPABILITY ACQUISITION AND SUSTAINMENT GROUP Role: Officer Commanding – Surveillance and Response Systems Program Office (SRSPO) Leading the most complex sustainment organisation within Aerospace Systems Division, Wendy has successfully managed the transition into service of the P-8 Poseidon. At the same time she has been unwavering in ensuring the continued safe operation of the P-3 Orion, especially as it nears the end of its operational life. In addition Wendy has ensured continuing sustainment support for the niche capability of common Aeronautical Life Support Equipment across 18 different aircraft platforms to meet Army, Navy and Air Force requirements. She successfully closed the Heron capability, ensuring the contract continued to deliver support to the Capability Manager right to the contract’s end, whilst minimising cost.

For more information on the awards and luncheon, please contact event coordinator Jess Havard [[email protected]].

18 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au AUSTRALIA, WE’VE GOT YOUR BACK

As a trusted partner of the Australian Government’s future defence strategy we’re proud to be selected to deliver the tactical interface for the nation’s future frigates and air warfare destroyers as well as the combat capability for the offshore patrol vessels. For over 30 years we’ve developed and supported high-end technology for the Royal Australian Navy and we’re committed to maintaining sovereign capability, supporting the economy and keeping jobs in-country.

SAAB AUSTRALIA // SAAB.COM.AU WOMEN IN DEFENCE AWARDS WIDA2018

ENGINEERING

DR CHRISTINE SHANAHAN DEFENCE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY GROUP Role: Discipline lead for Internet of Military Things program for Land Division Dr Shanahan is to be commended for her outstanding and consistent delivery of engineering expertise and problem solving to Defence, which has resulted in both monetary savings and improving soldier survivability. This has been achieved through her highly motivated basic and applied research, complimented with extensive outreach and engagement with partner nations and academia. Dr Shanahan regularly shares her knowledge with Defence by engaging directly with the military, producing quality client reports and presenting at military forums.

DR LAURA BROOKS ASC Role: Specialist Signatures Engineer Laura thrives on developing and implementing strategic approaches that deliver tangible outcomes in the context of the bigger picture, which coupled with her rigorous research training and impeccable credentials in technical engineering, enables her to provide pragmatic solutions at an appropriate level without compromising technically accuracy.

JENNY ABELA DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE – CAPABILITY ACQUISITION AND SUSTAINMENT GROUP Role: Chief Engineer – Land Command, Control and Communications System Program Office (LC3SPO) Jenny has been the Chief Engineer for LC3SPO for nearly a decade. Over this period she has been instrumental in the successful delivery of the Battle Management System to Army. During this time, Jenny has overseen the delivery of the capability across multiple mobile and static platforms. With over 3,000 systems delivered to Army, a rigorous design process was undertaken to ensure that a fully design accepted system was fielded to Army. As Chief Engineer she has taken personal accountability for the technical program in a complex and ambiguous environment. Her personal drive, leadership and commitment were crucial to the success of the program.

For more information on the awards and luncheon, please contact event coordinator Jess Havard [[email protected]].

20 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au

WOMEN IN DEFENCE AWARDS WIDA2018

TECHNICAL TRADE

KRISTIE JAMES BOEING DEFENCE AUSTRALIA Role: Maintenance Control Section Supervisor (MCS) for Army Aviation Training & Training Support (AATTS) Kristie is a highly motivated individual who is passionate about defence. She is a respected subject matter expect who regularly performs many duties outside the scope of her role. She also gives considerable time to advocating for veterans as a member of BDA’s Veterans Working Group, and she’s an active member of the Toowoomba and Oakey veterans’ communities. Kristie is also actively involved in building a pipeline of skilled young people for the defence and aerospace sectors as a Boeing STEM Ambassador.

JAMIE NEGGERS TOP ACES INC Role: Lead Licensed Aircraft Maintenance Engineer for Australian Fast Jet Trial Jamie has assumed a leadership role in a multinational maintenance team supporting RAAF/RAN and combat support training based at RAAF Williamtown. Being a start-up she has had to continually adapt and demonstrate resourcefulness to solve the myriad problems encountered on the path from importation to flight operations. Jamie has constructed a functional, deployed Alpha Jet maintenance organization in under six months with no previous start-up experience. She is often a one woman show and the JAS Fast Jet Trial has had a remarkable success rate to date attributable to her ability to lead her team.

ALEXANDRA (LEXI) GRZYWACZ ASC Role: Fabrication Tradesperson (welding) In addition to being regarded by management and her peers as an outstanding Fabrication Tradesperson, Lexi also participates in a number of roles that fall outside of her normal role. She is described as a driven, well-respected young woman who is clearly passionate about progressing her career and rising to greater levels of responsibility. She is active in creating a safe workplace which is free from occupational hazards, bullying and discrimination - evidenced by her lead role in ASC's Call Out bullying program and participation on the Major Hazards Panel.

For more information on the awards and luncheon, please contact event coordinator Jess Havard [[email protected]].

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RISING STAR

LAURA IMBER AIRBUS AUSTRALIA PACIFIC Role: Airframe, Mechanical and Propulsion Structures engineer Based on her contributions to the MRH90 ASI program and her continued support to the platform in an in-service role, Laura is a quiet achiever who clearly demonstrates her commitment to the defence business. The fact that her work is so polished and precise when she delivers, makes her very well respected by her peers, managers and customers.

TAMARA WHITE ASC Role: Project Manager (PM) for HMAS Sheean Tamara seeks to improve as much and as quickly as she can. Her passion and drive has seen her achieve outstanding successes and make significant contributions to the maintenance of Australia’s front line defence assets. Her work is noteworthy for its quality, completeness and thoroughness. Tamara’s maturity, and excellent team- building and engagement skills allow her to work in a complex organisation and achieve outcomes. She has a very pragmatic perspective in negotiating, ensuring that the requirements of her project are achieved.

CAROLINE CHAI BAE SYSTEMS AUSTRALIA Role: Systems Engineer Caroline has earned a reputation as a top performer who isn’t afraid of hard work or new challenges. Securing an international secondment and buy-in from the businesses reflects Caroline’s ability to create opportunities and her determination to succeed. Caroline pushes herself to understand the defence industry and history. She regularly attends industry events to meet local businesses and experts, extending her knowledge and network. Caroline dedicates countless hours to STEM initiatives – programs include FIRST® Robotics, LEGO League, STEM Sista; speaking at schools, universities, and events such as National Science Week.

For more information on the awards and luncheon, please contact event coordinator Jess Havard [[email protected]].

24 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au

BUDGET CONTEXT A moderate approach: But is moderation what we need? MARCUS HELLYER | CANBERRA The 2018-19 budget was a restrained, moderate policy document in virtually all regards. Moderate tax cuts all round, a moderately faster return to surplus a year earlier than planned. Moderate spending when more enthusiastic wooing of voters in the lead up to an election has become the norm.

26 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au THE Defence portfolio continues on the Shipbuilding price tag space, AI, or quantum computing, there are moderate path to two per cent of GDP by ASPI estimates that between them, the many opportunities for innovation. We know 2020-21 as promised (albeit with quite a future submarine and frigate projects will the Chinese are certainly pursuing them and in jump from 2019-20). There appears to be spend close to $20 billion before their first fact aim at global leadership in the near term. some moderate adjustments to the capital vessels are operational. That’s essentially the program, with capital equipment, facilities entire cost of JSF with the Super Hornets Lack of granularity and ICT taking a bit of reduction from what thrown in for good measure. And once the The budget is not granular enough to say was predicted in last year’s PBS, but overall continuous naval shipbuilding plan is up what is being spent on Defence’s innova- the healthy upwards trajectory continues. and running, it will be consuming around tion programs—the Innovation Hub and It’s hard to know what changes, if any, are $3.5 billion in cash flow every year. That’s the Next Generation Technologies Fund— happening in the capital program, since the a lot of cash to have tied up in future capa- but presumably it will be this year’s instal- Defence portfolio budget statements (PBS) bilities while the world changes around us in ment of the $640 million and $730 million no longer includes a list of planned project unpleasant ways right now. respectively that the White Paper said the approvals, and Defence seems to have given This isn’t to say we shouldn’t build ships and two would spend over the decade, so prob- up even attempting to report on project submarines, or acquire other conventional ably around $140 million. Again, a moder- approvals in a comprehensive fashion. capabilities like JSF, P-8A and armoured vehi- ate approach. But couldn’t this be an area Based on the spending provided in the cles. Traditional platforms when imaginatively where we could easily show some more Top 30 projects table in the PBS, the big operated and modified have projects are ramping up as planned (though shown their ability to adapt to Sea 5000 looks significantly underdone changing roles and threats. But at $52 million if it’s going to cut steel in we are in a time when imagina- “Traditional platforms when 2020—Sea 1000 is up to $418 million tion and innovation are more imaginatively operated and already even though it starts construc- necessary than ever. tion two years later). In the absence of any This certainly applies to modifiedhave shown their other information, it would appear that the how we use military capability, government and Defence are continuing but equally to how we design, ability to adapt to changing to deliver the force presented in the 2016 acquire and build it. When White Paper (which was largely the same as considering Australian defence roles and threats.” the one in the 2009 White Paper). industry, nothing is more dispir- So overall the situation appears to be steady iting than seeing politicians, the media and imagination? How about doubling that? If as she goes. However we should be asking, is others default to mid-twentieth (or even the government tripled it, it would still only this the time for moderate measures? nineteenth-century) concepts and images of be about one per cent of the Defence budget. While states here have squabbled over defence industry. How many tonnes of Aussie The response to proposals to increase R&D who is more deserving of delivering Defence steel are being used becomes a driving con- always seems to be an anti-intellectual scepti- projects, the world out there continues to fall cern, when steel is one of the most plentiful cism masquerading as pragmatism—you can’t apart. The White Paper identified six key commodities in the world. guarantee a useful return on investment, or we security drivers—virtually all have worsened Meanwhile we have a massive shortage of peo- don’t want science experiments, or scientists significantly since early 2016, with the on- ple who can actually manage ship building pro- will wander off exploring their pet theories going collapse of the rules-based global order grams or integrate modern systems into them. rather than answering real world problems. probably the biggest concern. And why become misty eyed at the distant pros- But the scientists I know spend their But the government has not flagged that pect of exporting frigates and even submarines careers solving real world problems, generally any changes to the White Paper force are (to whom? when? really?), when we could be by conducting science experiments. And the necessary. pursuing the opportunity right now to become drivers of the global economy are areas where Don’t get me wrong, the 2016 White Paper embedded in global supply chains feeding into R&D and innovation are greatest. force will be a potent conventional force. submarines (or ships or armoured vehicles) being I for one would much rather put money and But it is a potent conventional force that will built and operated around the world? effort into growing bright young Australian take a long time to arrive. The doubling of But back to capability. Ships, submarines scientists and giving them the means to stay the submarine force was first flagged in the and other manned platforms aren’t irrelevant here and generate good ideas to enhance our 2009 White Paper—we won’t have the first or obsolete, but they cost a lot. There are many military capabilities than obsess about how one operational until around 2033. That’s 24 other areas where a relatively small amount of we can get more Australian steel into replen- years, and we won’t have 12 until 22 years later money, imaginatively invested, can make a dif- ishment ships being built in Spain. if we follow the Naval Shipbuilding Plan’s ference to capability outcomes. Whether it is two-year delivery drumbeat. The future frig- modifying a sensor or weapon on one of those Note: Dr Marcus Hellyer is a senior analyst at ates will start to arrive a little sooner, but the platforms, or exploiting the possibilities inher- the Australian Strategic Policy Institute cover- first one is still 10 years away. ent in emergent technologies such as cyber, ing defence economics and capability.

www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 27 BUDGET OVERVIEW

2018 Defence Budget:

Steady as she goes THE headline figures for the 2018 Budget are no surprise for many ADM readers: $36.4 billion (including the Australian sig- KATHERINE ZIESING | CANBERRA nals directorate, which is now a stand alone agency answering to the Defence Minister, The Budget for Defence is steady as she goes as a raft led by Mike Burgess and LTGEN John Frewen) and $160.7 billion over the for- of policy beds down. The focus is clearly on delivering ward estimates period of four years. the streams of capabilities outlined in the 2016 Defence In the era of the DIIP and lack of White Paper, Defence Integrated Investment Plan and detailed supporting website, the Budget has become the go place for program num- Defence Industry Policy Statement along with the National bers and how major programs are progress- Shipbuilding Plan, Defence Export Strategy and Defence ing. Details of these programs can be seen in tables 1 and 2. Industrial Capability Plan. Perhaps the biggest shock in the papers are related to people. The numbers sur- rounding the Defence workforce have dropped significantly, particularly around the APS. Figures last year showed the head count stable at 18,200 APS across the four years. The 2018 figures (seen pie chart on P32) tell a different story.

28 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au Future shipbuilding programs BUDGET THOUGHT BUBBLES will be a massive drain on Defence coffers for some time. KATHERINE ZIESING | CANBERRA

After attending Budget lock ups for ed in December 2016 and are work- well over a decade, here is a list of ing with the DDG SPO to establish the highlights that stood out reading the support capability for the DDGs,” ac- documents this year. cording to the Budget papers. • The Department is no longer report- • The VIP fleet flying hours remain ing contractor/consultant/service the same for the forward estimates. provider figures. In essence, it’s too ADM understands that new fleet ar- hard given the fluid nature of the rangements are set under a lease business, ADM understands. deal and are just looking to be an- • Sustainment for a fleet of 36 Super nounced at a politically opportune Hornets and Growlers is $414 mil- time. The current working assump- lion (the second most expensive tion is that more capability will be platform to maintain after the Col- introduced with the new arrange- lins class submarine) and sustain- ment and will be cost neutral. ment of 71 Hornets is $190 million. • The MRH90 has been introduced into The Classic Hornets are climbing the 6 Aviation Regiment in support of bathtub curve towards retirement in Special Operations, Army and Navy December 2021 and there are twice operations. This includes the de- as many of them as the newer 4.5 velopment of a replacement Cargo Gen aircraft. Even accounting for Hook, Fast Roping Rappelling and Ex- spiral upgrades to the Super Hornet traction System and Gun Mount. The fleet (aircraft hardware, software final production aircraft was accept- and the addition of new weapons), ed into service in July 2017, bring- they’re still dollar intensive plat- ing the total number of aircraft to 47 forms. If sustaiment costs for Super at a common baseline. Operational Hornet are an indicator for possible Contingency Load 3 was declared JSF sustainment costs, there is go- by Army on 12 February 2018. Focus ing to have to be some horse trading will continue to be on the provision in the future to fund that adequately. of the capabilities required to enable • The JSF program office is going to achievement of the remaining opera- need to spend about $2 billion a year tional milestones in the lead-up to Fi- between now and IOC to meet the nal Operational Capability in 2021. spending profile outlined in the Bud- • The Huon class are being managed get papers and capability timeframe for obsolescence this financial year outlined. They’re on track to achieve in the lead up to a life extension pro- that this year. gram under Sea 1179. Even accounting for the loss of the ASD • First significant spending headcount, the drop will have a notewor- appears on OPV, Hawkei and thy affect on how the department does Future Frigate. • Navy’s LADS capability will business. The Budget papers themselves be retired from 2020-2021. offer no insight into the thinking behind What will fill it? this move apart from ‘reshaping programs • Unit available days for the to align the workforce with the priorities amphibious afloat and sup- outlined in the 2016 Defence White Paper’ port capability are depress- or ‘Machinery of Government’ for those ing reading but do not take who speak public service lingo. There is into account the new AORs. also a glaring omission of contractor or • AWD sustainment has de- PSPs levels in the Budget papers this year. buted in the Top 30 sustain- Information missing that ADM was also ment projects at $163 million looking forward to is the list of scheduled even though only one is in the water for Navy. “The majority First and Second Pass approvals for the of the contracted costs spent upcoming financial year. Reasons cited for in 2018-19 will be on the FMS the department of the information were case, purchase of spares and vague and not forthcoming along the lines support services, along with of ‘it is not appropriate to release a list of Managing Contractor costs. what the NSC is considering’. The Managing Contractor We do however recap the list from last (BAE Systems) were appoint- year to see if Defence and government have

www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 29 BUDGET OVERVIEW

delivered on what was promised, see table TABLE 1 1 (previous page and right) for more on Integrated Investment Program projects in development for first pass approval this. Defence was given the tables below consideration within the financial year 2017-18 to fill in the blanks. They gave a partial PROJECT NUMBER PROJECT TITLE HAS IT HAPPENED? answer to the question as literal question Tactical Information Exchange ? JP 2089 Phase 4 marks remain. They did however provide a Domain (Data Links) – Upgrade list of programs approved by government, Defensive Cyberspace ? commenting that announcement of project JP 9131 Phase 1 Operations (DCO) for the approvals is at the discretion of govern- Deployed Environment ment. See table 5 on P38/39 for this list. ADF Joint Command Support ? Of the total capital investment program JP 2030 Phase 9 Environment – Geospatial and for this year, $11 billion will be spent on Intelligence Integration Explosive Ordnance Warstock – ? various program streams. These figures JP 2085 Phase 2/3W have been aligned with the IIP framework Munitions and Complex GW Joint Force Level Electronic ? that now sees the ‘other’ line item merged JP 9320 Phase 1 across other funding lines including sus- Warfare (JFLEW) – Geolocation tainment, joint programs, individual ser- Land Force Level Electronic ? vice spending and operations. LAND 555 Phase 6 Warfare Signals Intelligence and Vehicles Active Electronically Scanned ? SEA 5010 Phase 1 Array – Continuous Development “There is also a Program ADF Deployable Health Tender released to market glaring omission JP 2060 Phase 4 Knowledge Management System of contractor Navy Magnetic Treatment RfP released in February SEA 1350 Phase 2 or PSPs levels Facility 2017 LAND 8140 Phase 2 Deployable Force Infrastructure ? in the Budget Land Combat Vehicle System Tender schedule to be LAND 400 Phase 3 released later this calendar papers this year.” year Engineer Support Platforms RFI released in July 2017 LAND 8120 Phase 1 Program LAND 125 Phase 4 Integrated Soldier System RFT due mid-2018 This includes: Navy Tactical Electronic Warfare ? • $8.4 billion for the Major Capital SEA 500 Phase 3 Remediation Investment Program • $1.9 billion for the Capital Facilities SEA 4000 Phase 6 AEGIS Capability Upgrade ? Hydrographic Data Collection EoI released in November Program SEA 2400 Phase 1 • $623 million for the ICT Investment Capability 2017 Program Maritime Patrol Aircraft Boeing on track to maintain AIR 7000 Phase 2C Replacement – P-8 Increment 3 delivery schedule as it • $106 million in Minors, this fin year. (12 Aircraft) stands. Big announceables for the Budget seem Armed Reconnaissance ? to be a thing of the past, with the govern- LAND 9000 Helicopter Capability Assurance ment preferring a constant drip feed of Phase ARHCAP Program or replacement (ARH decisions as they are made rather than sav- CAP) Additional Chinook Helicopters ? ing them up. A report outlining the work LAND 4502 Phase 1 being done by the CDIC, Innovation Hub (facilities component) and Next Gen Tech Fund was released the AP-3C (EW) Replacement L-3 US working on the same week as the Budget. AIR 555 Phase 1 program based on Gulfstream G550 jets. Since launch, the Defence Innovation Jindalee Operational Radar Awarded to BAE Systems Hub has awarded 30 innovation contracts, AIR 2025 Phase 6 Network (JORN) Australia in March 2018 with values ranging from $97,000 to Geospatial Support System for RFT august 2016 LAND 1771 Phase 1 around $8 million, with a total investment Land Force of more than $53.5 million. Investment Integrated Broadcast Service – ? value includes Defence's total investment JP 9340 Phase 1 Interactive radios for AWD,LHD, in the project, including direct contract Northroc, Eastroc, MHQ costs, government furnished materials Geospatial Information, Various Austender and other project costs. The Hub has also Infrastructure and Services announcements through 17- JP 2064 Phase 3 E2 received more than 390 proposals and (Evolution 2) 10 to BAE Systems, Leidos, released more than 115 individually tai- Lockheed Martin

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lored requests for proposals. The Defence Innovation Hub also manages a portfolio of 28 legacy innovation projects worth approximately $61.2 million. In its start-up phase, the Next Generation Technologies Fund has made investments and announced further part- nerships with 24 Australian universities (spent $9.9 million in grants to universi- ties), 19 companies and two government organisations, in five primary streams of collaborative research.

Workforce LEFT: Vehicle Total full time defence workforce average programs under for both uniformed and APS is forecast Land 121 Phase 4 (Hawkei) and Land to be 76,167 (down 99 people from 2016- 400 are Army's big 2017) and is forecast to stay around that ticket items. level across the forward four years of esti- mates, with growth in uniformed numbers TABLE 1 (CONTINTUED) rather than APS. Integrated Investment Program projects in development for first pass approval Budget papers this year, as mentioned consideration within the financial year 2017-18 previously, lack figures on the level of con- PROJECT NUMBER PROJECT TITLE HAS IT HAPPENED? tractor support into the Department. The Core Simulation Capability Down select to two teams JP 9711 Phase 1 new MSP panel framework is still bedding made down but there are early questions being Navy Training Pipeline ? SEA 3035 Phase 1 raised as to how the system will work in Simulation Requirements a practical sense, particularly for SMEs. Future Artillery Ammunition Approved in January 2018. Awarded to NIOA and LAND 17 Phase 1C.2 Operations Rheinmetall for Assegai Operational funding has dropped from rounds Mortar Ammunition ? $903.1 million last year to $750.1 million LAND 8115 Phase 1 this year, down 17 per cent, mainly due to Replacement Overlander – Medium and Heavy ? the wind up of fast jet operations in January LAND 121 Phase 5B this year under OKRA in the Middle East. Tactical Training Vehicles Joint Counter Improvised ? ADF foreign operations include: LAND 154 Phase 2 Explosive Device Capability • ACCORDION – Provide support to Mounted Combat Rheinmetall selected as Operation HIGHROAD, OKRA, LAND 400 Phase 2 Reconnaissance Capability preferred bidder MANITOU and other ADF activities from Offshore Patrol Vessel Approved November within the Gulf States – $306.5 million 2017. Lürssen selected as SEA 1180 Phase 1 designer with ASC/CIVMEC as build team. Future Frigate (Design and To be announced in June WORKFORCE SEA 5000 Phase 1 Construction) Multi-mission Unmanned To be announced this AIR 7000 Phase 1B Aircraft System calendar year Collins Sonar Capability Second pass achieved in SEA 1439 Phase 6 Assurance October 2017 Submarine Escape Rescue & Decision on shortlist to be APS NAVY 14,689 SEA 1354 Phase 1 Abandonment Systems made later this calendar 17,970 year (23%) Nulka Missile Decoy Approved in November 2017 SEA 1397 Phase 5B Enhancements AIR FORCE Weapons and Countermeasures ? 14,295 AIR 6000 Phase 3 for Air Combat Capability ARMY Automatic Dependent Underway under Plan Surveillance – Broadcast Jericho 30,810 AIR 6013 Phase 1 capability for Hawk Lead-in Fighter Enhanced Maritime Strike for the ? AIR 3023 Phase 1 Air Combat Capability

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Sustainment costs for the increasingly technology heavy platforms are only set to go up as well.

TABLE 2 Top 30 sustainment projects BUDGET ESTIMATE PROJECT 2018-19 $M AIR DOMAIN F/A-18F SuperHornet WeaponSystem 414 Airborne EarlyWarning and ControlSystem – AEWC 217 Multi RoleHelicopter – TLHMRH90 215 F/A-18 Hornet 190 ArmedReconnaissanceHelicopterWeapons System 153 C-17 Heavy Air Lift 126 MH-60R Seahawk 124 Hawk 127 WeaponLead-In FighterSystem 123 C130J-30 HerculesWeapon System 101 KC-30A WeaponSystem Multi-role 89 P-8A PoseidonMaritimeSurveillance Aircraft 87 C-27J Spartan 66 AP-3C OrionWeapon System 61 • AUGURY – PHILIPPINES – Conduct JOINT DOMAIN exercise and peer participation activities Air Force Munitionsand Air ForceGuided Weapons 91 with the Armed Forces of the Philippines focused on regional counter-terrorism. Army Munitions andArmy GuidedWeapons 207 Budget papers did not give a figure for ATC Capability (AirTraffic Control) 64 this work (understood to include support Navy Munitions andNavy GuidedWeapons 108 from an Orion), citing security reasons. Wide AreaSurveillance(OTHR) 89 • ASLAN – United Nations mission in LAND DOMAIN South Sudan. No figure cited. 113 • Defence Assistance to the Civil ADF Clothing Community (DACC) – Contribute to ADO CommercialVehicles Fleet 80 Commonwealth and State/Territory Health Systems 53 governments with emergency and non- MARITIME DOMAIN emergency tasks as required. On a case by Adelaide ClassFrigate 70 case basis, support events of national sig- Anzac Class Frigate 374 nificance as requested by relevant author- ities. Support to the Commonwealth Armidale ClassPatrol Boat 70 Games was $34.2 million DestroyerDesignated Guided(Air Warfare) 163 • GATEWAY – Conduct northern Indian Collins ClassSubmarine 592 Ocean and South China Sea maritime HydrographicSupport 68 surveillance patrols. no figure cited. Canberra ClassLanding HelicopterDock 118 • HIGHROAD – Ongoing contribu- 64 tion to the NATO-led mission in MaritimeCross Platform Afghanistan supporting Afghanistan’s Mine HunterCoastal 66

34 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au

BUDGET OVERVIEW

Infrastructure spending on the Defence Estate is still strong and will continue across the nation.

TABLE 3 security, development and governance. Top 30 projects by forecast $89.5 million. • MANITOU – Contribution to mari- BUDGET ESTIMATE PROJECT NAME 2018-19 $M time security in the Middle East Region AIR DOMAIN (MER) including the Arabian Gulf, Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea and the New Air Combat Capability (NACC) Initial 1,821 Indian Ocean. $64.9 million. Aircraft and Additional Aircraft to form 3 Squadrons Maritime 592 Patrol and Response Aircraft System • MAZURKA – Contribute to the Multinational Force and Observers in Pilot Training System 403 the Sinai. No figure cited. Multi-Role Helicopter (MRH) Compliance Upgrade 186 • OKRA – Contribute to the Coalition to Airborne Early Warning & Control Interoperability 215 defeat Daesh in Iraq and Syria. $306.5 EA-18G Growler Airborne Electronic Enabling Capabilities 197 million Future Naval Aviation Combat System (FNACS) 139 • PALADIN – Contribute to the United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation Helicopter Aircrew Training System 90 in the Middle East. No figure cited. 78 Conversion of additional KC-30A to multi-role Tanker Transport • RESOLUTE – Contribute to the whole- Battlefield Airlift – Caribou Replacement 68 of-government maritime surveillance Airborne Early Warning and Control Acquisition 55 and response in the maritime approaches JOINT DOMAIN to Australia. $53.2 million Battlefield Command Systems (Tranche 2) 206 • SOLANIA – Conduct South West Pacific maritime surveillance patrols. 136 Battlespace Communications System (Land) No figure cited. ADF Identification Friend or Foe and Automatic Dependent 96 • SOUTHERN DISCOVERY – Provide Surveillance – ADF support to the Australian Antarctic Broadcast Satellite Ground Station (SGS) – East and Wideband 76 Division. No figure cited. SATCOM Network Management System Note: Operations of less than $10 mil- 71 Jindalee Operational Radar Network (JORN) Phase 6 lion are not reported in the Portfolio state- Fixed Base Defence Air Traffic Management & Control System 60 ments and are absorbed by Defence. (Ph 2 – Radar) LAND DOMAIN Infrastructure Overlander – Medium Heavy Capability (MHC) – Truck and trailer 628 Infrastructure has many fathers; Defence components Estate and Infrastructure Group, CASG, Overlander – Protected Mobility Vehicle – Light (Hawkei) 396 the Public Works Committee, cabinet Night Fighting Equipment Replacement 90 approval and a mix of all the players in Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear Defence (CBRND) 54 various combinations depending on the Soldier Enhancement Version 2 – Lethality 53 value of the program. In a nutshell, major capital facilities MARITIME DOMAIN projects are defined as having expendi- Future Submarine Design and Construction 418 ture over $15 million and are subject to Air Warfare Destroyer Program 376 government approval and a formal review Maritime Operational Support Capability (AORs) 280 by the Parliamentary Standing Committee Offshore Patrol Vessel – Batch 1 274 on Public Works (PWC). Medium facili- Anzac Air Search Radar Replacement 84 ties projects have a budget of between $500,000 and $15 million. Projects valued Pacific Patrol Boat Replacement 72 at over $8 million are subject to govern- Future Frigate – Design and Construction 52 ment approval. Projects valued at between

36 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 37 $2 million and $15 million are required to be notified to and agreed to by the PWC but may not be formally reviewed by the committee. Project over $15 million require referral to and full consideration by the PWC, with approval granted by parliament. If in doubt, PWC has a look at the program, which may or may not need approval by parliament. “ The Government will provide $41 million over four years to grow the Australian space industry.”

The PWC meets every Thursday that both houses of parliament are sitting, according to the committee secretary. PWC has met about 50 times both in Canberra and around the nation at various future facility sites this financial year, with Defence programs making up the bulk of their workload, roughly 60-70 per cent of hearings in any given year. Budget papers provided an upcoming list of Defence programs that PWC is slated to look at in the coming 12 months, at both the major and medium project level. The 25 pro- grams cover a wide range of facilities around the country. For those particularly keen on this list, it can be found on P154 of the Portfolio Budget Statements for Defence. Space The Government will provide $41.0 mil- lion over four years from 2018-19 to grow the Australian space industry, including by establishing a National Space Agency.

www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 37 BUDGET OVERVIEW

TABLE 4 2017–2018 Project Approvals Announced By Government PROJECT APPROVAL DATE PROJECT TITLE NUMBER ACHIEVED ANNOUNCED Below: News that Australia Chemical, Biological, LAND 2110 Radiological and is finally establishing a space Second Pass 3 July 2017* agency has been welcomed Phase 1B Nuclear Defence – across the board. Continuous Program Airborne Early AIR 5077 Warning and Control Second Pass 5 July 2017 Phase 5A Interoperability Compliance Upgrade Military Satellite Capability – Satellite JP 2008 Ground Station Second Pass 10 July 2017 Phase 5B2 East and Network Management System Future Frigate (Combat SEA 5000 Management System Other Pass 3 October 2017 Phase 1 Selection) SEA 1448 ANZAC Air Search Second Pass 4 October 2017 Phase 4B Radar Replacement SEA 1439 Collins Communications Second Pass 4 October 2017 Phase 5B2 Upgrade – Stage 2 LAND 200 Battlefield Command Second Pass 28 November 2017 Phase 2 Systems (Tranche 2) Future Submarine SEA 1000 Design and Other Pass 25 January 2018 Phase 1/2 Construction AIR 5431 Civil Military Air Traffic Other Pass 26 February 2018 TABLE 5 Phase 3 Management System INFORMATION PROVIDED BY DEPARTMENT Infrastructure top 3 projects by spending by state for this financial year in $m OF DEFENCE UPON REQUEST. NSW RAAF Williamtown JSF facilities 93.8 Garden Island upgrade 64.7 Sea 1653 Phase 3 facilities at Randwick Barracks 25.1 The Department of Industry Innovation and Science will manage this funding. QUEENSLAND This includes funding of: Air 8000 Spartan works at RAAF Amberley 80.8 • $26.0 million over four years from 2018- Growler facilities at RAAF Amberley 77.6 19 to establish a National Space Agency, C-17 support facilities 59.8 which will coordinate domestic space VICTORIA activities for Australia; and Airfield capital works at RAAF East Sale 42 • $15.0 million over three years from 2019-20 to establish the International Air 5428 facilities at RAAF East Sale 17.8 Space Investment project, which will Defence Force School of Signals at Simpson Barracks, Watsonia 15.9 provide grants to strategic space projects SOUTH AUSTRALIA that generate employment and business Air 7000 MPA P-8A works at RAAF Edinburgh 57.9 opportunities for Australians. Explosive Ordnance Logistics Reform program at RAAD Edinburgh 14.6 Conclusion Replacement aviation fuel trucks infrastructure at RAAF Edinburgh 3.9 The headline dollars are impressive, with WESTERN AUSTRALIA the department on track to meet the magi- HMAS Stirling Phase 3A redevelopment 154.6 cal two per cent of GDP figure in 2020- Air 7000 MPA P-8A works at RAAF Pearce 57.1 2021 but the lack of detail as to where and Airfield capital works at RAAF Pearce 12.6 12.6 how they are being spent is still apparent. NORTHERN TERRITORY The detailed information in the tables above, particularly the Top 30 capital pro- RAAF Tindal JSF facilities 128.7 grams and Top 30 sustainment programs, Air 7000 MPA P-8A works at RAAF Darwin 75.6 is a good start but without a more forensic Delamere Weapons Range upgrade 11.6 DCP-like document to fill in the blanks,

38 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 39 TABLE 4 2017–2018 Project Approvals Announced By Government PROJECT APPROVAL DATE PROJECT TITLE

NUMBER ACHIEVED ANNOUNCED ® Chemical, Biological, LAND 2110 Radiological and Second Pass 3 July 2017* Phase 1B Nuclear Defence – Continuous Program Airborne Early AIR 5077 Warning and Control CREATING Second Pass 5 July 2017 Phase 5A Interoperability Compliance Upgrade PARTNERSHIPS Military Satellite Capability – Satellite ON BOTH SIDES JP 2008 Ground Station Second Pass 10 July 2017 Phase 5B2 East and Network OF THE TABLE Management System Future Frigate (Combat FOR DEFENCE SEA 5000 Management System Other Pass 3 October 2017 Phase 1 Selection) 40 Years of successful contract negotiations SEA 1448 ANZAC Air Search Scotwork has been part of major negotiations in Maritime, Aerospace, Land and Second Pass 4 October 2017 Phase 4B Radar Replacement Joint Systems and Projects. We help both Defence and Industry deliver better value SEA 1439 Collins Communications and build stronger, sustainable commercial relationships. Second Pass 4 October 2017 Phase 5B2 Upgrade – Stage 2 We have global reach with a local focus and our successful skill development LAND 200 Battlefield Command Second Pass 28 November 2017 collaboration with both Defence and Industry confirms our ability to deliver on a wide Phase 2 Systems (Tranche 2) range of course participants’ differing needs, skill levels and negotiating challenges Future Submarine to learn best practice mutual gain negotiation in a non-competitive environment. SEA 1000 Design and Other Pass 25 January 2018 Phase 1/2 Construction 2018 Defence and Industry AIR 5431 Civil Military Air Traffic Other Pass 26 February 2018 open enrolment programs Phase 3 Management System INFORMATION PROVIDED BY DEPARTMENT 17 - 19 July (Brisbane) OF DEFENCE UPON REQUEST. 07 - 09 August (Adelaide) 28 - 30 August (Sydney) 25 - 27 September (Canberra) there are a number of gaps that Defence industry is being asked to fill in. Once again, calls as to where the DIIP Enquire now for availability website is go unanswered as they have done insight.scotwork.com.au so for the past two years. [email protected] “The IIP website is still under development Tel: +61 2 9281 4695 (Head office) and will be launched in due course,” accord- ing to a statement from a Defence spokesper- son in the week leading up to the Budget. The Budget has provided some excellent detail in some areas but lacks in others. The ‘to do list’ of first and second pass approv- als is now absent for security reasons. It also makes it much harder to hold govern-

ment to account. Getting solid longitudi- ® nal data is difficult as definitions change, reporting levels vary and the organisation evolves. Piecing together the details from Defence’s annual report, Budget papers, ministerial releases and other public docu- ments is still an effort. Defence industry is in a good place as government is slowly but surely delivering on the plans they have laid out since the Turnbull government took power.

www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 39 18027_Defence_Ad_June_2018_4.0.indd 1 10/5/18 1:02 pm a world leading JORN: OTHR capability

THIS is being carried out under Project Air BAES will assume full responsibility in 2025 Phase 6, a $1.2 billion undertaking for JULIAN KERR | SYDNEY September for the JORN Joint Coordination which BAE Systems Australia (BAES) was Centre (JCC) at RAAF Edinburgh (work named preferred tenderer in March, beat- With antecedents previously shared with Lockheed Martin); ing off competition from Lockheed Martin stretching back to for Radar One in October; for Radar Two Australia. Phase 6 includes a separate 10- in November; and for remote ionosphere year support contract. the UK’s Chain Home sounders and transponders in December. Both companies have had lengthy asso- radar system of WWII, BAES is teaming with RCR Infrastructure, ciations with JORN. Lockheed Martin in Australia’s world-leading part of RCR Tomlinson, which is providing association with then-partner Tenix success- remote site facilities management. Other fully resuscitated JORN construction and in Jindalee Over-The-Horizon partners include Daronmont Technologies April 2003 delivered the operational system Radar Network (JORN) who will upgrade the sounders and tran- to the Commonwealth. Lockheed Martin sponders and assist with several builds of subsequently managed and supported Radar is embarking on a major upgraded software at the JCC, and Raytheon One at Longreach in Queensland and Radar upgrade to combat future who will provide systems engineering exper- Two at Laverton in Western Australia. tise and niche software skills. For its part, BAES was involved in the threats, including those Steve Wynd, the company’s JORN development of high frequency (HF) radar likely to be posed by Program Director, says the transition is and associated software for JORN initially hypersonic missiles. being handled by tripartite working par- through its acquisition in 1996 of AWA ties from BAES, Lockheed Martin, and the Defence Industries, and subsequently through Commonwealth. legacy company GEC-Marconi. This compa- Wynd praises Lockheed Martin site staff ny’s ill-fated joint venture with then-JORN Until it was fully integrated into the JORN net- as dedicated and highly-skilled. systems integrator Telstra ran into technical work in 2012, Radar 3 also acted as a separate “Quite a number will come across supple- problems and was supplanted in 1997 by the operational radar when required. mented by some of our people; they’re pas- Lockheed Martin-Tenix partnership. Work under Phase 6 implementing sionate about the capability and we’re keen BAES has also managed the original Jindalee the handover of support activities from to retain that capability and the investment Radar 3 near Alice Springs primarily as a Defence Lockheed Martin officially began on 4 April, that has been made by the Commonwealth Science and Technology Group (DSTG) test- drawing on a 280-strong workforce that will in developing that over the years,” he com- bed for JORN’s long-range detection capability. grow later in the year. mented to ADM.

40 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au CAPABILITY JORN

followed by Receive, a process that with fault- technology began in 2012 on completion checking, atmospheric analysis and deter- of the rolling improvements delivered by mining what transmit channels are available Project Air 2025 Phase 5, which incorpo- (JORN is always a secondary user of the HF rated the so-called Jindalee Facility Alice spectrum) takes about two hours. Springs (FAS) integration upgrade. The JCC then takes over operation of This created a common user interface the system and 41 Wing decides on areas of across the Queensland and WA radars and interest (each of which is referred to as a ‘tile’) the more advanced capabilities of the Alice on which the system will focus (referred to Springs facility, which was integrated into as a ‘dwell’). the overall JORN network. As set out in a 1987 technical specifica- These advances and enhancements to the tion, the system is configured to detect and radars’ sensitivity have enabled JORN to sur- track either aircraft the same size or larger veil a specific area over a larger geographi- than the RAAF’s Hawk Lead-in Fighter cal region and move more quickly from one Trainer, or maritime vessels the same size or area of interest to another. Additionally, new larger than the RAN’s long-decommissioned signal processing algorithms have improved 41-metre, 220 tonne Fremantle-class patrol detection performance. boats – so long as they have a metal hull or Following two years of extensive Phase 5 a metal structure encased in wood. It is not verification activities, JORN was declared possible to search for both air and maritime fully operational in 2014 for the first time targets at the same time. in its 25-year history amid wide-ranging dis- Officially JORN allows the ADF to moni- cussion on the next stage of its development. tor air and sea activity north of Australia up Dr Frazer says he had long made the point to 3,000 km from a radar site. This takes in that a project scheduled to take five or six parts of Java, all of Papua New Guinea, and years was doomed to failure from Day One halfway across the Indian Ocean. if it took four years to teach the workforce It would be an unusual defence establish- what to do. ment that was upfront about the performance “That was the experience we went through of a strategic asset such as JORN, and anecdotal Wynd anticipates increasing automation evidence suggests a range “Officially JORN allows the ADF within JORN and installing additional perfor- of at least 4,000 km from mance measurement diagnostics to enhance the Australian coastline to monitor air and sea activity the ability of JCC operators to undertake depending on atmospheric more maintenance and diagnostic functions conditions, with some north of Australia up to 3,000 remotely; the long-term objective being to capability as far north as reduce manning levels at all three sites. the Korean peninsula. km from a radar site.” At present Lockheed Martin operates Radars One and Two with two fly-in fly-out Phase 6 upgrade scope with Telstra/Marconi; they had no prior expe- rotations of about 20 staff for the Transmit Project Air 2025 Phase 6 is in essence a mid- rience, they simply didn’t know enough about and Receive facilities at each site. life upgrade that will move JORN into a new the business to do it and six years later they BAES intends introducing a common era with digital waveform transmitters and were selling out to Lockheed Martin/Tenix operating model for all three radars to facili- digital receivers, enhanced frequency man- with a $600 million loss,” he commented tate the movement of personnel between sites agement, communications and information to ADM. “When somebody joins my group and maximise efficiency, particularly when a systems, and better supportability. in DST it takes them three or four years to radar is offline for maintenance or upgrad- As summarised by Dr Gordon Frazer, have enough knowledge of the OTH radar ing, Wynd says. DST’s Research Leader High Frequency and become useful in terms of thinking and Although JORN operational support Radar, the project will enable the system to acting independently – and that is post-PhD. contracts are understood to specify 98 per do more things at the same time. It will also “We knew we had a few years after Phase 5 cent availability and the ability for each of significantly advance JORN’s ability to detect to do some things in advance to ensure that the three radars to operate 24/7, the system’s – although not necessarily to identify – tar- when the Phase 6 contract was ultimately overlapping coverage means an individual gets in more difficult ionospheric conditions. signed the project would emerge as a success radar can be taken offline for maintenance, The system currently provides target type, rather than another drama,” Dr Frazer said. research and development, and upgrade speed, heading and position accurate at best “Clearly there would be a gap during which without disrupting surveillance. The system to about 7.5km (at worst about 75km) but we would lose the industrial workforce, so does not usually operate on a 24-hour basis. not target height which is furnished by other we proposed a program of work under the Instead, the operating schedule is advised more precise sensors, when available. Priority Industry Capability program for by the JCC at the request of Air Force Planning for the Phase 6 upgrade and designated sectors of strategic sovereign through 41 Wing at RAAF Williamstown. maintaining what Dr Frazer categorically importance. Transmit is turned on first at each site affirms is Australia’s global lead in OTHR “We initially called that JORN Phase 7,

www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 41 CAPABILITY JORN

since Phase 6 had already been agreed. A decision was subsequently taken to convert the requested funding from major project status to a sustainment-type arrangement and the Phase 7 title was then changed to the JORN Priority Industry Capability Support Program (JPSP). “Our objective was to deliver all the tech- nical solutions, with minimal technical risk, to the competing contractors prior to them bidding for the contract. Some of those solu- tions were very demanding. And although my group would not be constructing the radars, we’ve had enormous experience in building lots of stuff and we had somehow to impart that knowledge to the new work- force,” Dr Frazer explained. This was achieved by targeting younger individuals in both companies in order to establish experienced leadership cadres, one of which in several years’ time would be instru- mental in implementing the successful tender. The idea of selecting a single contractor from a tender process restricted to BAES and Lockheed Martin was first raised within Air Force as part of strategic reform discussions, and was agreed after the completion of Phase 5. “So the acquisition strategy was 90 per cent-10 per cent; roughly 90 per cent of the DEFENCE money goes to one contractor to do 100 Defence Science and Technology Group's experimental "Grail" antenna array supports per cent of the work and 10 per cent of the research into improving JORN performance by avoiding propagation via disturbed ionospheric paths. money goes to the second contractor as an engineering support contract to help the Commonwealth test and verify some perfor- Tender testing by DST with assistance from BAES, and for mance obligations, and to pursue activities Testing the practical ability of the contend- which DST assumed the technical risk. beyond Phase 6,” Dr Frazer outlined. ers to fulfil Phase 6 requirements, and pro- Depending on the target sector and atmo- Understandably, the mass of technical viding valuable experience along the way, spheric conditions, JORN radars operate material released to both companies as part revolved during the JPSP around the so- somewhere between 5-32 MHz, transmit- of the JPSP and after first pass approval late called ‘Big Four’. ting a very powerful signal whose faint in 2015 necessitated a comprehensive probity These required each contender to con- return over several thousand kilometres in management plan to ensure each contender struct a radar concept demonstrator, albeit a busy bandwidth restricted the capability received identical information. a small one, successfully integrate it with of receivers to one radar function at a time. This data flow had a specific purpose – to examples of the proposed receive and trans- “We’ve spent a decade developing a ensure the existence of an educated work- mit systems, and demonstrate that their con- receiver with the technical performance to force prior to tender, and to reduce major cept could scale. receive very weak signals in the presence of risks prior to tender through significant “Both contenders therefore had a sophis- other very strong signals and do many things engagement with both companies in devel- ticated workforce underpinning their ten- at the same time, and that’s a game changer,” oping specifications. der response, a really clear understanding Dr Frazer said to ADM. “We had enormous numbers of meetings of what the specification was, full knowl- “It’s specifically built around the challenge where we’d put forward a specification for a edge that all the major risks had been of common aperture in achieving the ability particular area to each contractor indepen- dealt with, and that the competitor knew to see the whole HF band at once, and to do dently; they’d go away and say this is what we exactly the same,” Dr Frazer said. “So they so with a satisfactory level of performance. think you’ve asked for, we’d say no, this isn’t were able to price their risks accordingly, “Nobody in the Western world is close to what we want at all,” Dr Frazer said. and I think the Commonwealth got very it, we have a massive lead. We don’t get to see “So there was this great sophistication good value for money in both the tender other countries’ receivers but looking at their in both contractors when they received the responses.” transmitted signals I think they’re still behind.” tender because they’d seen it before and had Fundamental to the Phase 6 improve- By implication this includes China’s been able to critique it. We were focused on ments – and as such to JORN’s ongoing Xiangfan skywave OTH radar in Hubei getting what we wanted, not what we might capabilities through to the 2040s – are the province, and Russian Kontainer system have asked for.” digital receivers and transmitters developed OTHRs looking into Western Europe.

42 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 43 World leading tech Experiments undertaken with the Longreach and Alice Springs radars since 2012 helped prove the performance of the new digital transmit and receiver chains while new soft- ware concepts were prototyped through the radar concept demonstrators. “The digital receiver substantially enhances the performance of the radar, as does the digital waveform generator,” BAES’ Wynd said to ADM. “We digitally construct those waveforms and then pump them out through high-powered amplifiers to create the signals that will go out to the target and reflect back. “The common aperture receiver gives more opportunity to operate things concurrently, you can take a lot more data in and that improves the performance and the coverage of the radar.” This attribute particularly enhances fre- quency management, which uses small arrays separate from the main radar to garner infor- Asia Pacific Aerospace, a privately owned Australian SME, specialises mation on ionospheric conditions. JORN in the maintenance of small to medium gas turbine engines. Based in operators then use this information to deter- Pinkenba, adjacent to Brisbane International Airport, Asia Pacific Aero- mine how best to configure the main radar. space is a Rolls-Royce Authorized Maintenance Centre providing a full “Common aperture means we can do all of range of services to operators of Model 250 and RR300 Series powered those functions on the main radar at the same aircraft. Our capabilities include the maintenance, repair and overhaul of time, you can automate part of that and also run the Honey well LTS101 engines and the Australian Defence Force (ADF) the radar better,” DST’s Dr Frazer explained. GE T700 in operations on the Seahawk and Black Hawk aircraft. A further benefit will be the ability for each of the three radars to operate in differ- ent configurations and combinations. “Instead of using the transmitter array and APA offers comprehensive maintenance, repair and overhaul services of all the power for one mission at a time you all Rolls Royce M250 and RR300 series, Honeywell LTS101 and General can split each radar into half-radar mode Electric T700 gas turbine engines. which can then perform two missions at the same time,” Dr Frazer said. “Currently you’re forced to divide the receiving array as well, so Specialist knowledge a lot of sensitivity is lost and it’s not a mode Engine OEM Correlated Diagnostic Technology the operators particularly want to use. With Parts and Service common aperture you don’t have to divide up Warranty the receiving array, it can run multiple radar functions at the same time.” The importance of this digital capabil- ity is reinforced by statistics. Radar One at Longreach, a 90deg coverage radar, at Rolls-Royce Model 250 Authorized Maintenance Centre. its Transmit site has 28 drive chains each ADF approved Authorised Maintenance Organisation. comprising a digital waveform generator, a Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) CAR 30 Certificate of Approval. high-power amplifier, and an antenna ele- European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) Part 145. ment within the transmit array. AS9100REV,B:2004 and ISO9001:2000 Radar Two at Laverton doubles this since it has two faces giving 180deg cover- age, although there is some multi-use of Business Address: Phone: +61 7 3632 7600 750 Macarthur Avenue Central Fax: +61 7 3632 7677 equipment. Radar Three at Alice Springs, Pinkenba 4008 Qld Australia Email: [email protected] also providing 90deg coverage, has 16 drive chains rather than 28 which reflects its ear- lier vintage. For Receive, Radar One has 480 digital receivers – one per bipole antenna in the

www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 43 CAPABILITY JORN

receiving array; Radar Two has 960 receiv- “It’s vital that we reduce the integration the radar cross section of small targets such ers, and Radar Three has 462. risk as much as possible. We’re looking to as cruise missiles. Achieving a 20dB, 100-fold increase in install most of the new system at a radar in “This has verified an idea that is now ready sensitivity was a self-imposed technology parallel with the existing system,” Wynd to go if Air Force wants to take it to the next challenge; Phase 6 will achieve a 10-fold said. “Before we take the radar down we’ll step,” according to Dr Frazer. increase in performance although an expen- have a modification readiness review that A further future capability is mode selec- sive technological solution for the higher end makes sure everyone is lined up and it’s tive radar (MSR) that utilises four separate figure is available if it’s ever required. the right time to proceed with Radar propagation paths through the ionosphere One, we’ll parallel-install equipment in to and from a target. This will improve the Timeline the bunkers and in the control room, and detection of slow-moving surface ships using Upgrade activities started in April with the that will allow us to do a lot of pre-set to multi-input multi-output radar waveforms JCC, where improved algorithms, mainly work and integration before we take the and an innovative Skewfire transmitting developed by DST, and a series of software system offline which will increase every- array that is located at an unusual angle to builds will enhance the command and con- body’s confidence in the timeframe to the receive array. DST describes the technol- trol system. bring it back online.” ogy as a world first. The JCC will also receive an open archi- Following the success of a low-powered tecture Distributed Data System (DDS) R&D history demonstration system in 2014, a full-scale that was prototyped in the radar concept Research and development on over-the- MSR test will take place next year using a demonstrators constructed during the JFSP. horizon radar undertaken by DST and its Skewfire array now under construction at The DDS will ease the introduction of new precursor organisations can be traced back Radar Two. applications into JORN and provide oppor- to work on HF radar undertaken in the The ability to evolve JORN post-Phase 6 to tunities for SMEs to develop new capability. 1950s by immigrants who had earlier been handle new challenges will be more straight- BAES is also working with Adelaide involved with the UK’s Chain Home and forward than with the present system, Dr University on human factors engineering in Chain Home Low radar systems. Frazer believes. the JCC and how to focus operators’ atten- Even at that time it had been noted from tion on value-added tasks. time to time that distortion suggested the Hypersonic challenge signal was no longer line-of- Chief among his future concerns is the threat sight but was bouncing off posed by hypersonics – “I think people have the ionosphere. lost sight of how profoundly hypersonic “I think people have lost sight A range of studies in the weapons have changed the game, but OTH of how profoundly hypersonic mid-to-late 1960s under radars can play a role”. Project Gebung moved to a Whereas ballistic missiles fly very high weapons have changed the core OTHR research proj- on a predictable trajectory and can be eas- ect in 1970, culminating in ily seen by traditional line-of-sight radars, game, but OTH radars can the commissioning of the hypersonics fly lower and at more than Mach Jindalee A OTHR at Alice 6, offer propulsion in the atmosphere and play a role.” Springs in 1974, Jindalee can manoeuvre far more readily than current B in the early 1980s, and manoeuvrable missile warheads. “The fundamental concepts behind a lot approval in 1986 for the design and devel- “We think there’s an opportunity to see of these user interfaces have not changed opment of the OTHR network. hypersonic missiles at much longer ranges significantly over the years so we’re look- After more than six decades of cutting- than line of sight radars, however advanced, ing at things like eye tracking and thought edge OTHR research, DST scientists are and this gives you more opportunity to do processes,” Wynd said. “There’s a lot of now progressing capabilities beyond those something about them,” he said. nuances about how you operate an HF intended for Phase 6. In more general terms, Dr Frazer points radar in terms of how you interact with the Project Coorong, a joint activity with out that space-based surveillance assets ionosphere and how the data comes back Lockheed Martin, recently resulted in are likely to be destroyed in a serious war, in that space.” a ‘minimum viable demonstration’ at restricting surveillance to what can be physi- The radars’ upgrades will be undertaken Woomera of a new DST-developed OTHR cally seen. sequentially, starting with Longreach. This receiver antenna architecture technically “In terms of the wavelengths we use, tar- site will be taken offline in 2022 with Initial described as a Regular Over-sampled Sparse get classes are very different from the wave- Operating Capability scheduled to coincide Array (ROSA) that provides significant lengths other radars use so perhaps you’ll see with that of the upgraded JCC in the first improvement in total sensitivity – presum- things you might not otherwise see. If you’re quarter of 2024 following initial material ably the expensive technical solution referred not able to rely on anything to do with space, release and an extensive program of opera- to earlier by Dr Fraser. you’ve also got the standoff distance. tional test and evaluation. A full-size ROSA array would enable “Secondly, smart weapons and smart Laverton will then be taken out of service JORN to detect and track small, fast-mov- autonomous systems mean that the inherent for slightly less than two years, followed by ing targets at extremely long ranges and at location inaccuracy of an OTH radar is less Alice Springs, where $30 million of new night. OTHRs typically operate at lower of an issue if you’re trying to guide something facilities are also programmed, and which frequencies at night due to a diminished to a place; you can reasonably do that now will be offline for a full two years. ionosphere, and this significantly reduces with an OTH radar.

44 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au LF2018 ADM advert A4 .qxp_LF2018 ADM advert A4 7/05/2018 2:09 PM Page 1

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ARMY EQUIPMENT, SERVICES AND TECHNOLOGY IN AUSTRALIA AND THE INDO-ASIA-PACIFIC www.landforces.com.au For further information and exhibition enquiries contact the Sales Team Tel: +61(0)3 5282 0500 Email: [email protected] PROJECTS AIR 7003

The Reaper is the firm RAAF favourite, but will it carry the day?

Air 7003: The road towards MAX BLENKIN | CANBERRA Over recent years, the an armed UAV ADF has gained plenty Australian personnel subsequently flew made,” a defence spokesman said in response of experience of armed US aircraft on actual missions over the to a series of questions from ADM. unmanned aerial vehicles Middle East. This familiarisation training So far there appear to be just two contenders, started before the ADF actually had a stated US firm General Atomics Aeronautical Systems (UAVs) even though they requirement for an armed UAV. Inc (GA-ASI) with its well-known Predator and aren’t in the ADF inventory. That came in the 2016 Defence White Reaper family of UAVs and Israeli Aerospace Paper which spelled out a specific need for Industries (IAI) with the Heron TP, big brother medium altitude long endurance (MALE) of the Heron 1, operated by the RAAF in IN Afghanistan, Australian troops in unmanned aircraft to provide enhanced fire- Afghanistan and only retired last year. contact with insurgents called in close air power for Australian and coalition forces, Both are proven platforms, in service and support, with weapons delivered by what- plus intelligence, surveillance and reconnais- with thousands of operational hours. ever platforms were available, which could sance (ISR) support to a range of missions With no clear requirements for Air 7003, have been US or UK Predator/Reaper se- including counter-terrorism. GA-ASI is offering a pair of Reaper variants. ries UAVs. These aircraft will also augment sur- The MQ-9 Block 5 Reaper, operated by the In more recent fighting against Daesh in veillance capability for search and rescue, US Air Force, is available now, subject to US Iraq and Syria, Australian personnel at the humanitarian assistance, disaster relief and government approval. Coalition Air Operations Centre (CAOC) coastal surveillance. But the preferred offering is the MQ-9B in Qatar, facilitated air strikes by coalition The Defence Integrated Investment SkyGuardian, the latest variant, set to manned aircraft, including RAAF Super and Program cites a procurement timeline of be delivered to its launch customer, the Classic Hornets, as well as UAVs. 2018-38 and a cost of $1-2 billion. UK Ministry of Defence through the And in 2015, a group of five RAAF per- That indicates action soon, although PROTECTOR program in the early 2020s. sonnel began training as MQ-9 Reaper Defence isn’t indicating how it will proceed. Warren Ludwig, GA-ASI’s Director for pilots and mission systems operators at “Capability planning for Air 7003 is ongo- International Strategic Development for Holloman US Air Force Base, New Mexico, ing and encompasses a range of options for Australia, NZ and Southeast Asia and a and at Creech US Air Force Base in Nevada Government consideration. No decision former RAAF Air Vice Marshal, says their in the US. regarding the acquisition strategy has been analysis indicates the ADF could need 12-16

46 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au The Heron TP is underdog but has the technology to compete.

aircraft. He said GA-ASI was system of at the Paris Air Show in 2007 and it entered are offering the same concept to Australia.” choice for the serious operators. service with the Israeli Air Force (IAF) in 2010. Curiously, IAI doesn’t acknowledge that “We have over 25 years of UAV experi- In IAF service it’s known as the Eitan. IAI Heron TP or any other Israeli UAV can be ence, spanning more than 25 variants of the is also close to signing a contract with the armed. It says that’s a matter for the Israeli Predator family of aircraft. We have amassed German Ministry of Defence. Heron TP is also Defence Force (IDF), which has never 4 million flight hours on these aircraft and being considered by others, including India. acknowledged it uses armed UAVs. we and our customers are flying around This is a big UAV, with wingspan of 26 Clearly it does. Israel is a pioneer of use 600,000 fight hours each year,” he said. metres, compared to 16.6 metres for the of tactical UAVs – the Tadiran Mastiff first “GA-ASI has produced over 800 aircraft familiar Heron 1 and 20 metres for Reaper. flew in 1973 and is regarded as the first true and more than 300 ground control stations. Heron TP is equipped with a range of sen- military surveillance UAV. We have the most experienced team and the sors and datalinks, most developed by IAI sub- Israel is now the world’s biggest exporter of most capable aircraft.” sidiary Elta. These are comparable to what’s on UAVs and its technology is used around the Ludwig says a key advantage is that their Reaper but not immediately integratable into world, including by the US and Australia as system can fully integrate with sensitive US US networks, requiring some systems integra- well as Russia and China. networks. Without appropriate accredita- tion work on the part of the customer, based It may also have pioneered use of armed tion from US agencies, the desired high level on their individual requirements. UAVs, though it won't acknowledge that any of interoperability would not be feasible. IAI’s solution is to offer Australia the time soon. The company refuses to be publically “This is one area where we believe our solu- Heron TP aircraft with flight control sys- drawn on the armed capability of Heron TP. tion is clearly superior to our competitors. tems and then Australian primes install the The first reliable record of a missile being None of our competitors are likely to be able RAAF’s preferred mission systems to ensure fired from a drone by any nation relates to a to connect to the most sensitive coalition compatibility with US requirements. US Predator in November 2001 at the start networks and payloads,” he said. IAI made such a proposal to Canada. For of the Afghanistan war. GA-ASI has developed an Australian the latest Request for Information for the Though tactical UAVs have a wide range of Industry Plan, announcing “Team Reaper very long running Remotely Piloted Aircraft useful and innocuous missions, Air 7003 will Australia” at the Avalon Air Show in Systems (RPAS) project, IAI teamed up with be different as it takes Australia into controver- February 2017. That now comprises primary Canadian firm L3 MAS to offer Heron TP, sial territory. The vocal anti-war and anti-US partner Cobham, along with CAE, Raytheon with Canada to choose its own mission sys- left regards armed UAVs as killer drones, up Australia, Flight Data Systems, Rockwell tems. That was deemed a viable solution. there with nuclear weapons and landmines. Collins Australia, Quickstep, Ultra, TAE “We are aware of the fact that there are Defence is conscious of the potential for Aerospace, Airspeed and Sentient. In defence Five-Eyes restrictions,” said Zvi Feldman, controversy and has proposed a PR campaign circles, GA-ASI is regarded as favourite for senior assistant to the IAI Military Aircraft to promote the capability and reliability of this competition. Group general manager. “We partnered UAS and policy and control mechanisms with a leading Canadian company to be the governing their use. That’s aimed at address- Heron TP prime contractor and system integrator in ing public concerns and dispelling misin- IAI just wants to be given a fair hearing of the case we win and they can manage the mission formation about the role and use of such a merits of Heron TP. IAI unveiled Heron TP special payloads, the five-eyes datalink. We platform in Australian service.

www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 47 DEFENCE BUSINESS VIEW FROM CANBERRA

The venerable Orion AP-3C and new Poseidon P-8A flying in formation, both formidable platforms.

P-8s to keep an eye DEFENCE on North Korea

A SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT | CANBERRA What’s not clear is whether that’s aimed at inward or outward-bound cargoes. It could Australia has despatched one of the new P-8A Poseidon be a bit of both. It could also be aimed at illicit North maritime surveillance aircraft to assist in enforcement of UN Korean exports. What, you may ask, has sanctions against North Korea, apparently routinely evaded North Korea exported that’s not wholly above board? The answer is just about through surreptitious transfer of goods on the high seas. anything illegal you can think of to earn hard currency. That reportedly includes narcotics and THE long list of UN sanctions against newfound willingness to talk to just how methamphetamine, counterfeit pharma- North Korea forbid export of just about much pain they’re in. It would follow that ceuticals, counterfeit currency especially everything it produces, from textiles, min- those most in pain are always the country’s US dollars, counterfeit cigarettes – North erals, seafood and gold to that big earner, hapless peasantry. Korean Marlboro has been found in the coal briquettes. The RAAF Poseidon will operate from US – banned wildlife products such as ivory Neither can North Koreans work in Japan, working with Royal Canadian Air and rhino horn, small arms and munitions, any foreign country and external financial Force aircraft to help enforce the sanctions. surface-to-air-missiles as well as nuclear and transactions are severely limited. Imports of “What has been occurring is that sanctions missile technology. oil and gas are almost completely banned. have been evaded by transferring materials It’s not clear whether some or all illegal The latest UN Security Council sanctions from ship to ship so obviously being able to trade is government-sanctioned. As well, list released at the end of March goes so far surveil, to add to the surveillance of the area, there’s not always ironclad proof, with some as to proscribe 22 North Korean entities enables that to be identified and then of course claims emerging from defectors and US offi- and 27 ships. those who are party to that to be held respon- cials without much solid evidence. But in You’d have to think they’re really hurting sible and brought to account,” Prime Minister some areas, the evidence is strong. and plenty of people are attributing their Malcolm Turnbull explained to reporters. In 2003, Australian Federal Police seized

48 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au 125-kilograms of heroin landed from the North Korean freighter Pong Su, which made a run for it and was only stopped after special “Australian Orions possess a very capable forces fast-roped from a Navy helicopter. Four ship’s officers including the politi- electronic support measures (ESM) suite, cal secretary faced trial but were acquitted. as does Poseidon, allowing them to monitor The prosecution argued that they must have known what was going on. It wasn’t argued and classify other people’s radio signals.” that North Korea was involved and they of course admitted nothing. Then Foreign Minister Alexander Downer being replaced in service by 15 Poseidons, with RAAF Orions were extensively upgraded delivered a stern rebuke to North Korea’s the last scheduled to arrive in 2020. The last and at peak were probably the most capable ambassador to Australia. of the Orions will be phased out of service in P-3s in service anywhere. Rumours have long Yes, Pyongyang has been officially rep- 2018-19. As a frontline capability, Orions and persisted that one or more were specially con- resented in Canberra, most recently from Poseidons mostly operate far from the public figured for electronic surveillance, that is to 2003-2008. By all reports, the North Korean gaze, except when rescuing distressed sailors listen in on other people’s communications. envoys weren’t exactly the life and soul of the in the Southern Ocean. Certainly Australian Orions possess a Canberra diplomatic circuit. When the TV cameras get on board, they very capable electronic support measures Subsequently Pong Su was despatched to mostly seem to show crewmen and women (ESM) suite, as does Poseidon, allowing the deep courtesy of a pair of GBU-10 laser with binoculars earnestly surveying the vast them to monitor and classify other people’s guided bombs from a F-111. The mission was ocean, less so those at the work stations. radio signals. directed by a RAAF Orion, which is a nice The real capability of these aircraft is in ESM isn’t something the ADF proclaims bit of symmetry, considering one of their their very advanced sensors. In simplest too loudly. This was once a very specialised successors, the P-8 is again keeping an eye terms Poseidon and Orion primary sensors capability but more and more RAAF plat- on North Korean shipping. are a multi-mode radar and electro-optical forms now have ESM, making them, in tab- Orions have served Australia well but are day night camera system. loid terminology, spy planes. Don’t be left out of the information loop... SUBSCRIBE TO AUSTRALIAN DEFENCE PREMIUM AND RECEIVE... • 1 year/11 issues of print

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www.australiandefence.com.au | June 2018 | 49 EVENTS

ADVERTISERS IN KATHERINE ZIESING | CANBERRA THIS ISSUE OF ADM

BUILDING AUSTRALIA'S project outcomes for the nation. partnering between Defence and STRATEGY FOR SPACE: ASPI A highlight of the symposium is Industry; a critical factor in achieving Company Page Date: 13-15 June 2018 its access to thought leaders from mutually beneficial outcomes. ADM – Essington Location: QT Hotel Canberra the USA and Europe. Each year, Combined with unrivalled insights, 55 Website: www.ivvy.com.au selected speakers from overseas high-level debate and the very latest Lewis Awards The conference will bring together are brought to the symposium innovations designed to support ADM – STEM and distinguished international and to share knowledge and provide our armed forces, it ensures an 51 Australian experts for two days an international perspective on unmissable program. Defence Summit of debate on Australia's long- project and portfolio management. ADM – Women in term strategic plan to grow its 53 burgeoning space industry. ADM DEFENCE IN Defence Awards ADM STEM IN DEFENCE NORTHERN AUSTRALIA SUMMIT SUMMIT 2018 Asia Pacific Aerospace 43 ADM’S WOMEN IN DEFENCE Date: 21 August 2018 Date: 10-11 October 2018 Australian Strategic AWARDS (WIDA) Location: Canberra Location: Darwin 35 Date: 27 July Website: admevents.com.au Website: Policy Institute (ASPI) Location: Piallago Estate, The STEM in Defence Summit will www.admevents.com.au Canberra focus on the overwhelming need As Northern Australia continues to BAE Systems Australia 5 Website: for Defence to encourage, harness establish itself as a key military and www.australiandefence.com. and progress its relationship with strategic region for the ADF and Benchon 37 auwomen-in-defence-awards the Education sector. Specifically, its partners, further investment is The gala lunch will feature a the emergence of STEM education needed to support the multitude Business and Trade keynote address by WIDA patron, as an essential industry in the of major defence projects and Tasmania, Department 33 Minister for Defence Senator Marise future is of utmost importance. the necessary infrastructure, of State Payne, who will also announce the maintenance and sustainment Hall of Fame inductee. required for their operation. Department of 7 HUNTER VALLEY DEFENCE Defence – CASG CONFERENCE 2018 DEFENCE + INDUSTRY Date: 30-31 August 2018 INDO DEFENCE EXPO AND FLIR Systems 57 Date: August 1-2 2018 Location: Crowne Plaza FORUM (INDO DEFENCE) Location: National Convention Hunter Valley Date: 7-10 November Harris Defence 9 Centre, Canberra Website: HunterNet Location: Jakarta, Indonesia Website: The 2018 Defence Conference will Team Defence Australia L3 CSE 11 www.defence.gov.auCASG focus on driving collaboration and attending: business.gov.au The annual CASG and Defence engagement between Defence Hosted by the Indonesian Ministry of Land Forces 2018 45 Industry gathering in Canberra Primes, the region’s SME’s, academia Defence, the event is recognised as to discuss policy and programs and Defence. A highlight of the Indonesia’s No.1 Tri-Service Defence Mercedes Benz 25 with a range of CASG and industry conference will be the spectacular Industry Event. TDA EOIs will open a speakers gathering to discuss the low flying aerial show from Matt Hall few months prior to the event. Naval Group 59 way forward. ADM has partnered Racing, followed by a gala dinner. with the Department of Defence Navantia Australia to present the Gala Awards night, 9TH SIA BIENNIAL 15 including the Essington Lewis LAND FORCES 2018 CONFERENCE Pty Ltd trophies, the evening before at the Date: 4-6 September 2018 Date: 7-8 November 2018 Convention Centre to recognise Location: Adelaide Location: Canberra Rex Hotel Nova Systems Pty Ltd 60 excellence in collaboration between Website: Website: Defence project teams and industry. www.landforces.com.au www.submarineinstitute. Pilatus Aircraft 23 Presented in collaboration with com/sia-conferences the Australian Army, LAND Join submarine professionals and key Power Equipment 31 PROJECT AND PROGRAM FORCES 2018 is an international decision makers as the ninth in the MANAGEMENT industry exposition to showcase Biennial series of conferences run by QinetiQ Pty Ltd 21 SYMPOSIUM equipment, technology and the Submarine Institute of Australia Date: 14-15 August services for the armies of Australia returns to Canberra to explore the Raytheon Australia P/L 2 Location: UNSW @ ADFA, and the Indo-Asia-Pacific. issues and opportunities emerging Canberra from the decision to extend the lives Rheinmetall 13 Website: of the Collins class submarines. www.pgcsymposium.org.au ADM DEFENCE ESTATE AND Saab Australia Pty Ltd 19 The annual Project and Program BASE SERVICES SUMMIT Management Symposium provides Date: 19 September 2018 MILCIS 2018 SCOTWORK Pty Ltd 39 a forum that brings together Location: Canberra Date: 13-15 November 2018 project management people to Website: Location: Canberra share knowledge and improve the www.admevents.com.au Website: www.milcis.com.au governance and controls skill sets The Summit’s unique, interactive In November each year, the You can link to the advertisers’ web- available to deliver successful environment fosters effective Defence Chief Information Officer pages directly from their pages in Group (CIOG) partners with the the new, improved digital edition of UNSW Canberra and the Institute ADM, which you can find on our web- of Electronic and Electrical site at www.australiandefence.com. Engineers (IEEE) to present MilCIS. auhome/adm-editions The annual Military Communications The current month’s edition does and Information Systems (MilCIS) not require a log in. To have full access Conference welcomes military to the ADM website, you will need a and government organisations, premium subscription. Contact Kylie academia, and defence industries Leonard, [email protected] to contribute to the future direction for details. Defence staff are cov- of military communications and ered by the Department’s enterprise information systems. subscription.

50 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au PRESENTING THE 2ND ANNUAL STEM in Defence Summit

21 August 2018 | Hyatt Hotel, Canberra

CONFIRMED SPEAKERS INCLUDE:

Senator The Hon Marise Payne, Minister for Defence, Department of Defence

Dr Alex Zelinsky AO, Chief Defence Scientist, Department of Defence

Dr Andrew Dowse AO, Director Defence, Edith Cowan University

Andrew Sezonov, General Manager, Skilling Aus Foundation

Owen Pierce, Program Manager, National Research and Education, AustCyber

Rick Evans, STEM Workforce Manager, RDA Hunter

Teresa Janowski, General Manager, STEM Sista (STEM Nation)

REGISTER NOW www.admevents.com.au/stemindefence18

1031 Informa STEM Ad Defence P18K28.indd 1 23/5/18 4:24 pm BOOKS OF INTEREST

www.militarybooksaustralia.wordpress.com COMPILED BY PETER MASTERS | BRISBANE

in Afghanistan. What he lays that he simultaneously copied before the reader, to use his 8,000 pages of even more own words, is “as tough an highly classified material investigative mission as I’ve about nuclear war plans which ever undertaken”. His detailed he also intended to leak. What descriptions of engagements emerges now, years later, is are revealing as he recounts an insider’s account of the each phase of Australia’s most dangerous arms buildup involvement in a war in which in the history of civilization. distinguishing friend from He writes in detail about the foe is a constant challenge. Cuban missile crisis which By the ADF’s own estimation, eventually saw Khrushchev NO FRONT LINE Masters writes, “not since THE DOOMSDAY back down amid assurances AUSTRALIA’S SPECIAL WWI have Australians MACHINE the US would not overthrow FORCES AT WAR IN engaged in such intense and CONFESSIONS OF A the Cuban government. AFGHANISTAN sustained conflict. If personnel NUCLEAR WAR PLANNER Ellsberg has produced a By Chris Masters did become desensitized By Daniel Ellsberg compelling memoir of an Published by Allen & Unwin it is not surprising”. As Published by Bloomsbury insider’s account of what a RRP $34.99 in paperback problems emerged, it was the RRP $39.99 in hardback nuclear strike really means ISBN 9781760111144 stories of misbehaviour and ISBN 9781608196708 and just how urgent it is Chris Masters is highly misdemeanours that made Recently featured in the film that nuclear disarmament regarded as an investigative headlines. Yet the legacy for The Post, Daniel Ellsberg was be taken seriously. In his journalist. This book has been those who served is carried by a high level defence analyst final chapter he writes of his 10 years in the making with “a narrow cohort now largely who leaked 7,000 pages of regret at not releasing the Masters having been given disconnected from the broad secret documents on the documents about nuclear war unprecedented access to all community” in circumstances Vietnam War (the Pentagon planning that he had copied levels of Australia’s Special where “the outcome is not [a Papers), revealing vital and then lost. He now urges Forces, becoming the first and matter of] national survival information that had been kept potential whistleblowers to only reporter to be embedded accentuates doubts about from the American public. come forward to raise public with Australian Special Forces cost, risk and moral comfort.” What is not widely known is awareness of this awful threat.

as Morley notes, whatever despond at the Armistice”. If Angleton’s reaction to the this assessment is accurate, event, he did not “commit his then it is not difficult to thoughts to paper” having understand why Hitler was generated no known reports driven to avenge what he or analyses on Oswald. Later perceived as Germany’s it was revealed that the CIA unjust treatment under the failed to disclose their plots to Treaty of Versailles. Ham kill Castro thus compromising argues, however, that Hitler the integrity of the Warren was more the opportunist Commission’s investigation who took advantage of the into the assassination. catastrophic conditions in THE GHOST Angleton, says Morley, failed YOUNG HITLER the post war years than a THE SECRET LIFE OF CIA disastrously as counter- THE MAKING OF THE FUHRER natural born leader. The time SPYMASTER JAMES JESUS intelligence chief over the By Paul Ham was ripe for the emergence ANGLETON cover up. He almost certainly Published by William of a saviour who would By Jefferson Morley had “a granular knowledge of Heinemann make Germany great again Published by Scribe Oswald long before Kennedy RRP $32.99 in hardback and Hitler possessed the Publications was killed”. By mid 1960s ISBN 9780143786559 necessary traits to assume RRP $35.00 in paperback Morley describes Angleton as Despite being studied this role. Ham believes, ISBN 9781925322606 reigning as “the Machiavelli extensively, Adolf Hitler along with the acclaimed James Jesus Angleton was of the new American national remains an enigma to historian Ian Kershaw, that CIA counter-intelligence chief security state”. Despite the many historians. In Young “what happened under Hitler from 1954 to 1975. His tenure shortcomings of his tenure, Hitler, Paul Ham examines is unimaginable without as America’s spymaster there was no high-level Hitler’s early life. Unlike the experience of WWI and covered the period of Cold penetration of the CIA on many returning soldiers what followed it”. Ham War intrigue (he grew close Angleton’s watch, asserts from WWI, Ham says “Hitler concludes that “Hitler was to Kim Philby) and the Morley, who describes him thrilled to battle, refused an extreme example of a assassination of President as ingenious and vicious yet to accept defeat and fell recurring and dangerous John F Kennedy. Remarkably, brilliant. into the darkest slough of type of political animal.”

52 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au #WIDA2018

CONGRATULATIONS TO THE FINALISTS

View full list of finalists here: australiandefence.com.au/women-in-defence-awards

The inaugural Women in Defence Gala Awards Lunch is now sold out!

The Pialligo Estate, Canberra | July 27, 2018 The gala lunch will feature a keynote address by WIDA patron: Senator the Hon Marise Payne MINISTER FOR DEFENCE who will also announce the Hall of Fame inductee.

COMMUNICATIONS LEGAL / PROJECT ENGINEERING TECHNICAL RISING STAR HALL OF FAME CONTRACTING MANAGEMENT TRADE

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PROUDLY PRESENTS ANOTHER PRODUCTION

09095 DFM FP house.indd 1 25/05/18 8:27 AM FROM THE SOURCE DR MARK HODGE

Sand-blasting and repainting are among the most common current methods to treat corrosion of ship components. As a key element of its Sea Program, DMTC is working to identify critical structures and materials susceptible to corrosion; and delivering a range of corrosion prognostic & monitoring tools and prediction models that will be highly relevant to Australia’s submarine and surface shipbuilding programs.

Continued from page 58 an expansion of our technology focus, which has in turn proved to be a model for further diversification through the high altitude sensor systems program. In that case we had CSIRO approach us and say that they were looking at investing in an area that touched on defence but had of more a broad national security focus. They understood that it would be an area that would touch DEFENCE on the defence capability side of things and would require a broad engagement across the We run a completely open innovation our industrial partners to see us as a competi- industrial sector and across the innovation model; there’s no closed system. It’s not a tor with a profit motive. It’s also important sector that wasn’t just with CSIRO. club and it is open to everyone, but we under- from the perspective of allowing Defence to CSIRO has really taken a terrific lead- stand it might not suit everyone. For those engage openly with us. ership role in that and is invested in the companies who do want to collaborate, our All of our partners retain ownership of DMTC. DST Group was part of that dis- model seems to work really well and we have background IP that they bring to the table. cussion as well, and is also investing in that the validation that our partners keep investing The starting position – which can be negoti- program and providing strong program lead- and re-investing in the model. What we hear ated – is that DMTC will own the intellec- ership capability into our program. is that our industry partners value DMTC tual property (IP) that is created in our proj- Using that as a model, CSIRO has then as a technically informed broker of the rela- ects, but we make sure that enshrined in our come back and made a similar investment tionship between industry and appropriately way of doing business, each of our industrial in the high altitude sensor systems program. skilled researchers, to ensure that industry and partners is guaranteed rights of access on a That’s a newer activity for us and there’s been Defence can identify and work with the best royalty free basis to that DMTC technology. some recent announcements from Minister available researchers for a range of challenges. The other part of it that’s really critical is Pyne about projects that have just launched. We have a structure that allows competitors to it’s a collaborative approach and so DMTC We’re hopeful, like the medical counter- work, if not together, then certainly in paral- itself is a team of 16 professionals – project measures activity, that this will lead to big- lel, so that they have the opportunity to invest managers, engineers at head office. The work ger and broader activities and that is really and work with confidence on projects that are in the programs is done by our partner organ- what the aims of those activities are to create of interest to them. That will often mean a spe- isations’ personnel under our oversight and an in-country industrial capability that can cific technology that they want worked on but guidance. Collaboration is enshrined in our be called upon for a range of things from a it will also mean, particularly if you’re looking company DNA and in our business model – national security perspective. For example, if at a prime contractor, they might be interested without it, the model breaks. the borders are closed in response to a pan- in what a potential supply chain might look In terms of commercialisation, we don’t demic threat, the aim is to develop a national like in Australia. They can utilise our supply develop technology and then think, okay, it’s capability to address things like diagnostics chain model to work independently of some- finished and let’s throw it over the fence for or therapeutics and that broad suite of medi- one that they would see as a competitor in that all and sundry to go off and use it. With the cal countermeasure capabilities that will sup- particular context. best will in the world we can’t possibly under- port an appropriate national response. stand what the particular set of criteria each There are other programs we have running ADM: Could you give us an example of industrial partner has and so you need their through that Innovation Hub relationship. how perhaps some of the IP that’s been people meaningfully involved to provide that We’re running a range of activities across the developed in DMTC has been commer- ongoing guidance. The commercial landscape air, land and sea domains that, again, look cialised by the model that you employ? for them may have changed since the program at that broad industrial capability and sup- HODGE: I think you’ve hit on the key started and so they can give you that advice ply chain focus. We’re working with Thales, of really how we do business. The not-for- along the way and with that knowledge that Naval Group, BAE Systems and MacTaggart profit structure is a very important element they will have royalty-free access to the tech- Scott, UST and a whole host of companies in our business model as we don’t want to nology. Once it’s developed, they can pick in that space. see ourselves, and we certainly don’t want that up and utilise it straight away.

54 | June 2018 | www.australiandefence.com.au MMXVIII The Essington Lewis Awards

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ELA FP EVENT Ad APRIL 2018.indd 1 7/03/2018 1:58 pm FROM THE SOURCE DR MARK HODGE DEFENCE

Continued from page 54 We’ve had one or two examples where we have An example we often use to illustrate this patented technologies point is the work we did with Thales back that are platform-based in when there was a range of technical chal- nature and then we’ll go off lenges around optimising the production and licence that, but at the and performance and characteristics of the moment we have over 300 Bushmaster. We covered a lot of ground. individual pieces of IP that Blast modelling and understanding what are being actively managed that meant in the particular service condi- and protected on behalf of tions that were found in theatre over in Iraq our partners. Some of those Michael Kellam of CSIRO with and in Afghanistan. What did that mean are being really used in a melt spinner machine which for steels and how they performed and then Defence to inform decisions were developed for a Land how do you manufacture those steels? Can about what to buy, what not (Mounted) Program to convert you do that with automation? to buy. A great many of them exhaust heat to useable energy. At first, around 35 per cent of the produc- are being combined and uti- tion line was automated. It’s now up to the lised in two or three differ- point where there’s much more automation ent ways by different industrial or research particular challenges arising with the pro- in the production line; it’s effectively 100 partners. That focus on platform-indepen- duction of different vehicle variants in the per cent with huge improvements along the dent technology development and innovation land sector. So you see it from the perspec- way. That didn’t happen overnight, it wasn’t is a real strength of our model. tive of a company like Thales Australia, who as though we worked out how to do it on have been a long-term partner with us, they a Friday night and then on Monday they ADM: Can you give us an example of that? benefited in terms of the Bushmaster, they pushed a button and off they went. It was HODGE: We have won awards and were saw the value in us continuing to develop and incrementally adopted all the way along with cited in the 2016 Defence Industry Policy work with that technology albeit in a differ- our research partners working side-by-side Statement for our work on welding tech- ent application. with the Thales production guys and I think nologies. We’re now using that expertise to They are now seeing further benefit for that’s fairly strongly characteristic of most of benchmark and transfer technology to SMEs some of the challenges they need to address the work that we do. across the country in terms of working with in the Hawkei platform. It’s just as exciting to Commercialisation for us isn’t a trans- the grades of steel that you’d expect to find now be working with our maritime program actional process. We tend to use the term in Defence platforms. The success story here, partners, such as Naval Group, to contem- utilisation and we look at it very firmly from although you’ll appreciate that these things plate the application of these welding break- the point of view that each of our broad part- don’t happen overnight, is in the vision and throughs for surface shipbuilding and as a ner groups, being the Defence customer, the foresight to take a welding technology and precursor to further work on other maritime industrial partners and the research sector allied technologies including artificial intel- platforms. We’ve got a few different examples partners; each have their own success met- ligence, robotics and metallurgy, and apply of that and I think it speaks to the benefit of rics, each have their own reasons for being them first in the land sector. We then iden- the IP being held by a trusted and informed involved in what we do. We’re continually tified opportunities to apply that to achieve partner to be applied beneficially across our looking and making sure that they’re each reduced weld-induced distortion in ship hull partner organisations, and find clever ways receiving benefit from their partnership with plating for Air Warfare Destroyer modules of packaging up disparate elements into an DMTC. and then – to be able to reference it back to integrated offering. For Defence Staff Only. This offer applies to your work address only. Department of Defence staff & ADF personnel are eligible to receive ADM each month, ADM’s Directory of Defence Suppliers every 6 months + the ADM Premium online subscription. To receive this entitlement, please complete the following:

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emerging manufacturing processes like KATHERINE ZIESING | CANBERRA additive manufacturing. So, DMTC’s role has evolved significantly From humble roots a decade ago, DMTC is working far to the point where Defence will now seek to beyond it original remit. ADM Managing Editor Katherine utilise our engagement model and program management structure – and the collabora- Ziesing spoke with DMTC CEO Mark Hodge about their role tive business approach that we take – that as part of Defence’s growing innovation community. enshrines the involvement of the research sector and the industrial sector. We’re being asked to apply that to a range of different prob- lems and themes. In this way we’ve proven to be more of an ongoing business partner for Defence rather than just somebody that’s been contracted to do a defined job.

ADM: With all the changes in policy that have happened over the last two years Dr Mark with the advent of the Innovation Hub, the Next Gen Tech Fund and the CDIC framework, how do you fit into that land- scape now? Hodge HODGE: DMTC’s formal connection in the Defence innovation system is through CEO of DMTC the Innovation Hub. We have a range of relationships across Defence but we have an enabling relationship that is funded through the Defence Innovation Hub. That relation- PROFILE ADM: You’ve been with the DMTC since ship leverages into several additional areas it began in 2008. How has DMTC’s role and, we think, strongly demonstrates what changed over that time? the Innovation Hub was established to do, to 1991 Graduated Monash HODGE: When DMTC was established act as a point of engagement in the industrial University, Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) 2008 it was a group of industry and research innovation capability space. sector organisations which responded to a To illustrate that, we are also actively 1994 Graduated Monash solicitation with a specific group of proposed engaged with the Next Gen Technology University, PhD (Materials tasks in the air, land and sea domains. In this Fund where DST Group is leveraging our Engineering) respect, our initial role was very, very firmly model to invest alongside some other part- 1995 Lecturer, Victoria University based around the materials and manufactur- ners in key areas of interest. 1997 Director of Research, METSS ing technology fields. We also have active relationships with Corp, Columbus, OH USA (US As time has gone on, our program man- Force Design and different parts of CASG Defense R&D Contractor) agement model and our approach to inno- and the Services. So, in terms of where we 2001 Graduate Diploma in vation and creation of defence industrial engage with that innovation system, the for- Business Administration, capability has evolved from that original mal link is with the Innovation Hub but if Fisher College of Business, remit. We’ve found that the structure that you examine it carefully, we interact with just Ohio State University we’ve developed has naturally lent itself to a about every element of the innovation system. 2003 Manager, Commercialisation range of other activities outside that materi- & Technology Networks, als domain. For example, we have programs ADM: You mentioned some of those proj- Victorian Government in the High-Altitude Sensor Systems domain ect themes before, such as medical coun- 2005 Chief Executive Officer – and in Medical Countermeasures. We’ve also termeasures and high-altitude sensors. AADI Ltd done some work for Defence on cross-sector What does the DMTC program of work analysis of specific technologies, for example, look like at the moment? 2008 Chief Executive Officer – the steel sector as it pertains to the naval ship- HODGE: We’re quite significantly engaged DMTC Limited building enterprise. With the Government’s with the naval shipbuilding enterprise, doing announcement that it wants ships built out a lot of work to look at some key industrial of Australian steel, we were asked to analyse capabilities that that group in CASG see as what that really meant from a sovereign indus- being important as they roll out the various trial capability and potential risk perspective. programs such as Sea 5000, Sea 1180 and so We’ve done a similar piece of work in forth. As I said before, we have the medical titanium, on CNC machining of tita- countermeasures activity and that represents nium but also other traditional manufac- turing techniques and a number of the Continued on page 54

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