4* HISTORY **>

OF THE

JEiQbtb ITlUnotsXllmteo States Volunteers

BY

HARRY STANTON McCARD, B. S.,

HOSPITAL STEWARD, EIGHTH ILLINOIS U. S. VOLUNTEERS,

AND

HENRY TURNLEY ,

HOSPITAL STEWARD, EIGHTH ILLINOIS U. S. VOLUNTEERS. 1890.

E. F HARMAN & CO., PUBLISHERS, CHICAGO.

Governor John R. Tanner Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2014

https://archive.org/details/historyofeighthilOOmcca John R. Tanner, the able and fearless executive of the great State of Illinois, who believes and who has the courage of his convictions, that it is the heart, the brain, the soul, not the skin, that go to determine manhood; who, acting upon this belief and upon the fundamental principle of this government that " taxation without representation is tyranny," had the manhood to appoint colored officers to com- mand a Colored Regiment, this book is affectionally dedicated BY THE AUTHORS. Colonel John K. Marshall COL. JOHN R. MARSHALL

JOHN R. MARSHALL was born at Alexandria, Va., March 15, 1859. He was edu- Qj cated in the public schools of Alexandria, Va., and Washington, D. C. At the age of 16 he was apprenticed to the bricklayers trade, serving four years, until 1879, when he came to Chicago

In 1 89 s he was appointed a deputy clerk in the County Clerk's office and held that position until he received his call to the front. Col. Marshall took an active part in the organization of the Ninth Battalion in 1891, be : ng elected Second Lieutenant, Company A in May, and First Lieutenant in July of the same year. In 1893 he was chosen Captain of his Company by an unanimous vote, and held that rank until he received his Colonel's commission in June, 1898. In Cuba he made an enviable record. He early gained the confidence and respect of his General and soon proved that this confidence was not misplaced. Lenient and just he has always been. Always a Colonel, but never too busy nor too dignified to listen to complaints of his soldiers. Affectation and arrogance are entirely foreign to hirh, but pride for his race and respect for himself and his position gave him a gentlemanly, soldierly bearing that always found favor with all officers of rank with whom he came in contact. He never knew personal fear, and when Governor Tanner submitted the proposition to him to send his regiment to relieve the First Illinois, he quickly gave his consent. As a Commander he was a pronounced success, clearly demonstrating the wisdom of Gov. Tanner in appointing him to the Colonelcy, justifying the contention of the black troops that they should be led by black officers. By his soldierly conduct he has met all of the expectations of his friends and silenced the tongues of his calumniators. He has performed all of his duties with credit to himself and honor to to his race. Lieutenant Colonel James H. Johnson LIEUT. COL. JAMES H. JOHNSON JAMES H. JOHNSON was born in Washington, D. C, where he received a good literary education. In 1880, he enlisted for five years in the Ninth U. S. Cavalry, and during his service made a brilliant record. He gained a sharpshooter's medal, and here laid the founda- tion for his future success as a commander. For several years succeeding his army experience he was engaged in the railroad business, and in 1888 he located in Chicago, where he has since resided. In i8o,i,he joined the Ninth Battalion as a private. Soon after he became First Sergeant of Company A, and in 1892, upon the recommendation of his commander, he was appointed Adjutant of the Battalion. If in years to come, should he be commissioned a General and do gallant service, he would still be called Adjutant Johnson, so brilliant was his record while holding that position. Small of stature; quiet and unassuming in appearance; always methodical and energetic, he contributed more to the growth of the Battalion than even his best friends imagine.

When the Eighth Regiment was mustered into the service he received the commission of Lieutenant Colonel, a place conceded to him by all factions, and by all people. If the question be asked, what is Colonel Johnson's distinguishing characteristics, the answer would invariably be, "he is a soldier, and a man." "Method " is his watchword, and perse- vering he has always been. As a tactician he has few equals, even in the regular army. He knows the regulations not to inflict punishment, but to be right and to be just.

'.1 Major Robert R. Jackson MAJOR ROBERT R. JACKSON. ROBERT R. JACKSON was born Sept. i, 1869, in Malta, 111. When but a year old he was brought to Chicago by his parents, and when twelve years of age he was a graduate of the grammar school. As a boy he held various positions with large mercantile and pro- fessional firms, proving himself competent in every position he held. In December, 1888, he entered the Postal Service as a stamper, and by competitive examinations he received successive promotions until he became foreman of Station M, during Colonel Sexton's administration. Various secret and fraternal societies claim him as a member, and in 1896 he was elected Adjutant- General on the Major-Geneial's staff of the Knights of Pythias. In 1895, the name of Private Robert R. Jackson appeared on the rolls of Company D of the Ninth Battalion, but it was soon changed to Captain Robert R.Jackson. Upon entering the United States service, he was commissioned Major of the Second Battalion, and into that position he threw that zeal and magnetism which gave success to him so early in life. Soon after landing in Cuba he was ordered on detached service to Palma Soriano in command of Companies E and F. At this post he became Major of the city, protector of the Spanish residents and mediator of all disputes that arose amongst the inhabitants. Stationed as he was, immediately after the war, in a city containing many Spanish in- habitants and connected with the Regiment neither by railroad nor telegsaph, Major Jackson's position was indeed a trying one. But his diplomacy won the day, and when the order came recalling him to his Regiment, it was with genuine regret that the men of his command and the citizens saw him go. After rejoining the Regiment at San Luis he did splendid work, and returned to his home with nothing but bright marks on his record.

11 Maior Franklin A. Denison MAJOR FRANKLIN A. DENISON.

F^RANKLIN AUGUSTUS DENISON was born at San Antonio, Texas, in 1862. He

1 obtained his preliminary education in the public schools of that city, preparing himself to enter Lincoln University. He entered Lincoln University in 1883, graduating from that institution as honor man in 1888. His commencement oration was considered a gem of ora- tory. In 1888 he entered the Union College of Law in Chicago, graduating in 1890 as vale- dictorian. Mayor Hempstead Washburn appointed him Assistant Prosecuting Attorney in 1891, and was reappointed by Carter H. Harrison, Sr., John P. Hopkins and Geo. B. Swift. He is one of the most successful colored lawyers practicing at the Chicago bar.

During the major portion of his time in the service in Cuba he was one of the Judges of the Court of Claims sitting at Santiago. General Lawton appointed Major Den i son President of a General Court-Martial, being the only colored man ever appointed to such a position. He performed his duties in such a dignified, competent manner that he gained the praise of every one with whom he was associated. His work undoubtedly did a great deal to create among the officers of the other regiments, a favorable opinion of the colored officers of the Eighth. Of noble figure and commanding voice, Franklin A. Denison wore well the straps of a Major.

13 Major Allen A. Wesley. Surgeon MAJOR ALLEN A. WESLEY SURGEON

LLEN ALEXANDER WESLEY son of Edward Edrington and Elizabeth Ann (Davis) / V Wesley, was born September 25, 1856, at Dublin, Ind. He was educated in the com-

mon schools of Cincinnati ; at Bryant & Stratton's Business College. Chicago ; and was graduated A. B. from Fisk University, Nashville, Tenn., in 1884. He commenced the study of medicine in 1870, with Dr. William Mussey of Cincinnati, and later took a three years' course of study at the Northwestern University Medical School and received the degree of M. D. from the same in 1887. Dr. Wesley has been a practitioner in Chicago since the year of his graduation. He was clinical assistant of the late Walter Hay, M. D., LL. D., in the department of mental and nervous diseases, Chicago Medical College, 1885-89; clinical assistant to Prof. R. N. Isham, in the department of surgery of the same college, i886-'88; lectured on "Surgical Emergencies" in Provident Training School; district county physician for Cook county in Chicago. Dr. Wesley was gynecologist to the Provident Hospital, of which he was one of the founders, and was appointed surgeon-in-charge in 1894, and secretary to the medical staff.

In May, he entered the Illinois National Guard, when it was certain that the United States would have war with Spain, and went to Springfield with the Eighth Regiment. There he examined all who applied for enlistment in the Eighth and Ninth Regiments. The commission of Major and Surgeon was given him July 2, 1898, and soon after his arrival in Cuba he was placed in charge of the hospital at San Euis by General E. P. Ewers as Acting Brigade Surgeon. Later he was chosen as one of a board of three to examine all medical officers who should be called before it, he being the first colored man who ever held such a position. While at San Luis he had medical charge of the Eighth Illinois, Twenty-third Kansas and several pack trains and signal corps. The general health and physical condition of the Eighth Regiment speak volumes in praise of Dr. Wesley as a surgeon. Lieutenant Harvey A. Thompson, Adjutant ADJUTANT HARVEY A. THOMPSON THE BEST Adjutant in the volunteer service was born in Columbus, Ohio, July 24, 1863 His literary education was obtained in the public schools, Fisk University, aud La Moyne College. His name is Harvey A. Thompson. In 1883, he enlisted in the Ninth U. S. Cavalry and served honorably for five years. Upon his discharge he went to Nashville, Tenn., and matriculated at the Meharry Medical College, where he studied two years. Chi- cago became his home at the end of this period, and he at once became prominent in political and business circles. Two years ago, he was appointed clerk at the Desplaines Street Police Station, and was making an excellent record when he went to Springfield with the Eighth. Only one name was ever suggested for the position of Adjutant, that of Harvey Thompson. A thor- ough soldier, a splendid bookkeeper and pensman, affable and energetic, the Adjutant of the Eighth Illinois was a pronounced success.

IT Lieutenant James S. Nelson, Quartermaster LIEUT. JAMES S. NELSON QUARTERMASTER

TAMES S. NELSON first saw the light in Windsor, Canada, in 1S61. He came to Q> Chicago shortly after and was naturalized in 1884. When the Ninth Battalion was formed, he became Sergeant Major, and later Quartermaster. In 1894, he married Dr. Ida Gray, at that time the only colored woman dentist in the United States.

When the Eighth was called to Springfield, Mr. Nelson resigned a splendid position as bookkeeper in a city office to become Quartermaster of the Regiment.

In 1897, James S. Nelson matriculated at the Chicago College of Law, and the train- ing that he received here and over the city's books stood him in good stead while discharging the many trying duties of his office. His record was indeed a remarkable one. His reports were almost invariably correct, and the regiment was never without anything that could be obtained by ceaseless effort on the part of the Quartermaster. System was present every moment in his department, and the regular, constant food and clothing supplies issued to the regiment gave testimony to that fact.

1!) Lieutenant James W. Curtis. Assistant Surgeon LIEUT. J W. CURTIS

in is fourth | W. CURTIS was born the town of Marion, Ala., July 29, 1856. He the d) . son of A. H. and Princess Curtis. His father was one of the most prominent men in the State and for six years was State Senator. Dr. Curtis was educated at Lincoln University and State Normal School, Mouon, Ala. As a boy he took high rank as a student; taught school in different parts of the State for six years, and in 1879 held a professorship in his Alma Mater. In 1882 he was appointed to a clerkship in the pension office at Washington, D. C. In one year was promoted to a first-class clerkship and in 1889-90-91 was special agent for the pension office in Northwestern Illinois and Nebraska. During his stay in Washington from 1882 to 1891, he studied medicine and graduated from Howard University in 1888. While acting as special agent for the pension office in Nebraska in 1891, he resigned for the purpose of entering upon the practice of his profession. In October, 1891, he came to Chicago and commenced practice, and soon had a large clientel. He was a member of the staff of Provi- dent Hospital, and under the Swift administration was offered, but declined, a position under the city health department.

Under the President's call for volunteers, he offered his services; was appointed by Gov. Tanner an Assistant Surgeon in the Eighth Illinois Infantry. He went to Cuba and was the medical officer in charge of a detachment of his regiment stationed at Palma Soriana, Cuba. He enjoys the distinction of having lost but one man during the whole service.

21 Assistant Surgeon. Lieutenant Edward S. Miller, LIEUT. EDWARD S. MILLER EDWARD SMITH MILLER, First Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, was born on a farm in Garrard County, Kentucky, August 31, 1858. He received his early education in the Danville public schools, beginning his college course in the same city. In 1880, he moved to Meadville, Pa., to complete his college course, taking a two years' literary course, supporting himself at this time by his own labor. He began his study of medicine in a doctor's office, matriculating in the Chicago Homeopathy Medical College in 1889, graduating with high honors in 1893. After graduation, Dr. Miller located in Chicago, and at the time of entering the service was enjoying a large and lucrative practice. To broaden his knowledge of the medical science and more fully fit himself for the many responsibilities of his profession, he took a post- graduate course in the Harvey Medical College in 1897. During the service in Cuba, Dr. Miller had the care of the greater part of the regiment. How well he succeeded is attested by the high esteem in which he is held by both officers and men, and by the wonderful health of the regiment. Dr. Miller is a Mason, Knight Templar and Knight of Pythias. He was romantically and happily married on the eve of his departure for Cuba to Miss Mamie Evans of Winchester, Ky. His career is a shining example of what a young man can do w ith ambition, energy and perseverence.

23 Captain Jordan Ghavis> Chaplain CHAPLAIN CHAVIS

HAPLAIN CHAVIS was born in Massac County, Illinois, February 16, 1856. He attended the common school in Metropolis, Illinois. In 1870, he moved with his parents to Mississippi, entered Alcona University in 1872, and graduated from a normal course in 1876. He was ordained a minister in the Baptist denomination the same year. He taught school and pastored in the

South until 1880, then coming north, marrying Miss Hattie Marshall at Metropolis, 111. He was pastor at the Pisgah Baptist Church, Bloomington, two years, and was pastor r f Bethesda Church in Chicago, three years. From Chicago he was called to Quincy, where he pastored Eighth Street Church for nearly ten years. When the Hispano-American war broke out, the Reverend watched the proceedings closely, and was one of the first outside of Chicago, to assist in raising a company for the Eighth Regiment. After assisting in raising Company I, Ouincy, he made application for Chaplain of the regiment and was appointed and commissioned by Gov. Tanner, Aug. 1, 1898. He went to Cuba with the regiment, where he did volunteer service for several months, effecting a church organization in the regiment of over one hundred members, and kept in existence a live Christian Endeavor and Sunday School the entire time' He built a church and baptized twelve soldiers in Cuban waters, which was the first Protestant baptism in that province. He was of inestimable value in caring for the sick and burying the dead, nothing escaping his attention that was to the interest of the regiment. He also learned to be a soldier, often drilling with the regiment as a private and could be frequently seen on the firing line at target practice, becoming an exceptionally good shot. He returned with the regiment and remained at his post until mustered out.

Following is a letter received from Brig. Gen. Ewers commanding at San Luis de Cuba. : HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF MAYARI, San Luis, Cuba. March 9, 1899. Chaplain Jordon Cuavis. Kighth Illinois Volunteers, DEAR Sir— I take pleasure in stating that while you have been under my command —since August 26, 1S9S —you have performed your duties in a faith t ul manner and with credit to your profession. I recommend you as an energetic and zealous christian and one worthy in every way of the position you hold in your regiment. Very respectfully, E. P. EWERS. Brigadier General, Commanding.

•j:> Henry Ti rnt.ev Hospital Steward

Lincoln Yalle Cm.. Marshall's Harrv Stanton McCard Quartermaster Sergeant Non-Commissioned Stake Hospital Steward Mokro Castle

EIGHTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER BAND.

WILLIAM J. BARNETT, Chief Musician. WILLIAM COOPER, Principal Musician.

BASSES SLIDE TROMBONES CORNETS BATTERIES ADDISON ROBINSON WM. COOPER CURTIS RAYMOND G. W. COOPER HENRY REN WM. ROBINSON WM. REECE WM. JOHNSON KARL FRANK I.I N WALTER THOMAS SAM ROBERTS ALTOS WALTER PATTERS* >N JNQ. HUNTER FRANK ROBERTS ROSCOE HOLT CLARINETS J NO. CRAWFORD BARITONES OKIE MACK W. BUCHANAN PRICE WOODS CLARENCE BOWMAN PICCOLO SYLVESTER fOHNSON M( IRRIS COBBS CHAS. WILLIAMS NOAH T. WILLIAMS

JESSE CASH, Drum Major.

BUGLERS.

CHARLES W HUNT, Chief Bugler.

P. GEO. BROWN BEN J. WORZER WILL TURNER ABRAHAM EZICAH

DAVID MILL-EN J AS. M05BY BUD WATSON LOO AN WHITE

GUY WILSON WM. DIAMOND J. A. FOX JOHN WHITE JOHN COLSTON SAM'L CFIASE WM. SCOT T IRA KING

LEE WILLIAMS FR El > MAKERS WM. HOLLIDAY HORACE ALEXANDER WATT SAUNDERS FRED PARK FR JAS. LOGAN JOHN JACKSON

29 Tost Hospital, San Luis HOSPITAL CORPS

«^ ELMER HARRISON JAMES H. LEE WM. WEAVER WM. HAYES NOAH WILLIAMS HARRY TAYLOR CHAS. TAYLOR CLEM M IF. PAYNE H. BLYTHE WM. YORK JESSIE DKEXLER JOSFPH EDWARDS JACK WARD ED. THOMAS WM. EVERETT ROBERT GILLSTRAP ISAIAH LINDSAY

MEMBERS OF THE HOSPITAL CORPS Chas. Taylor Noah T. Williams Charles Williams William Hayes Lieutenant John W. Allison Captain Theodore Van Pelt Lieutenant Stewart Betts .

- CAPT. THEODORE R. VAN PELT.

R. PELT was born at Glens Falls, Warren County, N. Y. Sept. "THEODORE VAN , 29, 1857. He received his early training and education in the Empire State, removing to the State of Illinois twenty-

five years ago. Capt. Van Pelt was one of the first to be enrolled upon the roster of the Ninth Battalion

at the very beginning of that organization. Enlisting as a Private in Company A June 1, 1890, he was

appointed Sergeant Oct. I, 1891 . His enthusiastic work and strict attention to duty won for him the

election to the Second Lieutenancy Dec. 7, 1 892. He was elected First Lieutenant July 1 , 1 894, continuously holding that rank until he succeeded Colonel Marshall as Captain of Company A upon the latter gentle- man's promotion. Capt. Van Pelt is a barber by trade, having owned the most popular shop in the city of Chicago. He also stands high in the civic organizations, being a past officer in the famous St. George Commandery. Capt. Van Pelt was not only a soldier in the time of peace but a soldier in the time of war. When the President sounded the war tocsin, Capt. Van Pelt was one of the first to offer his sword in the service of the country. At the front he made a record that would gladden the heart of any man

LIEUT. JOHN W. ALLISON

IN the days of the old battalion, Sergt. Allison was reputed to be about the best drill instructor in the companies. He is a native of Collierville, Term.;, and is 34 years of age. When he came to Chicago in 1892, one of his first acts was to join the Ninth Battalion. Since his commission with the Eighth, he has made a splendid reputation, a great deal of the time having charge of Company A, while Capt. Van Pelt was in charge of the Second Battalion.

LIEUT. STEWART A. BETTS

CTEVVARD A. BETTS was born in the " Buckeye State" in 1873. At an early age he came to

Chicago. I-n 1896, he joined the Ninth Battalion, and when the Governor called out the Eighth he was a First Sergeant. By merit, he won the position of Lieutenant.

:::: Camp Marshall, near San Luis Company A, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.

Captain, Theodore R. Van Pelt. First Lieutenant, John W. Allison. Second Lieutenant, Stewart A. Betts.

SERGEANTS PRIVATES KING, TOHN H MALIC'HI, GEORGE ALLEN, FRANK W MAY, JOSEPH WILLIAM II. PAYNE, 1st. Sergeant BATEMAN. JOHN MOODY, THOMAS ABRAHAM L. BALDON BELL, JUDGE II MITCHELL, JOHN R JAMES I). DU PORTE BREWINGTON, LAW REN CE MITCHELL, PETER BURKS, FRANK MITCHELL, WILLIAM R ALFRED BALDWIN BURNS, SMITH MURRAY WILLIAM WILLIAM H. THOMPSON CASH, TESSE M McFADDEN, GEORGE ISAAC IIAVDEN CLAY, "JOSEPH D Mcpherson, clark COLEMAN, JAMES oliver, william CUDGEL, GEORGE pettiford, norwood DABNEY, THOMAS reed, george DEVONSHIRE, JOHN reynolds, mose CORPORALS DORSEY, WARREN rice, john DRAIN. VINCENT S robinson, abe JAMES T. BREWINGTON, DURGAINS, GEORGE sanders, william LESLIE CALDWELL DURST, ALONZO C sandford, richard DYER, STRATFORD shaver, lee EUGENE COMPSON CADDY, DANIEL ' shaw, edward WALTER JUDD GRANT, JOHN smith, edward p PERRY B. KOPPERL GRIFFIN, HENRY T smith, elbert j HAGANS, JOHN smith, tohn HUGH MOSBY HANCOCK, WILLIAM stanley, reuben JOSEPH NORRIS HARPER, WADE sykes, otis WILLIAM H. RHODEN HARRIS, ABE taylor, albert HOLMES, GEORGE A taylor, james b WILLIAM WHITTAKER HOLMES, OSSIE W taylor, oliver JOHN MASON HUBBARD, JOHN B tidwell. edward a ARCHIE FARMER ISABEL, GEORGE tucker, taylor JACKSON, FRANK A twtttv. robert W ALTER J. NEWMAN jackson, tohn ward, thomas Jackson, John r whitehead, frederick jackson. theodore b WHITEHEAD, TOSEPPi OSCAR GREAR, Artifice* iarvis, robert m whitehead, William ROLAND L. FERGUSON, Wagoner "tohnson, alfonzo woodfolk, anderson HENRY K. HURLEY, Musician johnson, isaac woolfolk, bentamin tohnson. james w WILKERSON, TOfiE Musician SAMUEL CHASE, jones, william e HENRY C. WILSON from A. to G. FRANK BURKS, Cook long, wallace ISAAC JOHNSON, from L. to A. Nevels Lieutenant George T, Baker Captain Adolphus Thomas Lieutenant G. A. CAPT. ADOLPHUS THOMAS /^APTAIN ADOLPHUS THOMAS was born thirty-seven years ago in Hancock County, Georgia. ^ In 1872, he was attending the public schools at Atlanta, and in 1882 he joined the National Guard of Georgia as a Sergeant in his Company. In 1885, Sergeant Thomas, at the national competitive drill, received the high honor of being the best drilled man on the field, and that fall he was elected First Lieutenant of his company. His military experience in the West began as a Sergeant in Company R of the Ninth Battalion. In 1892, he was elected First Lieutenant and became Captain in 1893. Captain Thomas is naturally a commander of men. Many times in Cuba, during the absence of a Major, he has had command of a battalion, and well did he handle it. GEO. T. BAKER

f~* EO . T. BAKER, First Lieutenant of Company B, was born in New Orleans, La., Dec. 15, 1863. He spent the early years of his life in New Orleans, La., and Natchez, Miss., learning the trade of cracker baker. His military career began at the early age of eighteen, when he became a member of the Lynch Guards of Natchez, Miss., holding the commission of First Lieutenant. Upon reaching his majority, he joined the Knights of Pythias and was elected First Lieutenant in G. F. Bowles' Division,

No. 18, K. of P . He came to Chicago in 1888 and joined the Ninth Battalion in 1891 He was made a Corporal in 1892, a First Sergeant in 1893, and on Nov. 5, 1895, he was elected to the office of First Lieutenant of Company B. LIEUT. G. A. NEVELS IEUT. NEVELS was born in Washington, Mo., in 1867. From boyhood he was characterized by a J steadfastness of purpose that knew no defeat. Seeking a wide field for himself he came to Chicago, in 1887, soon taking a leading position among his fellow-citizens. He joined the Ninth Battalion as Hospital Steward Nov. 4, 1895, and held that position until he was commissioned a Lieutenant by Gov. Tanner, July 21, 1898. He was on detached service a great portion of the time while at the front—at one time filling the position of Adjutant General on Brig. Gen. Ewers' staff. At another time he was Acting Brigade Quartermaster. 37 Company B. Company B, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.

Captain, Adolph Thomas. First Lieutenant, Geo. T. Baker. Second Lieutenant, Gustavus Nevels.

SERGEANTS DAVIS, TIMOTHY TERRY, JOHN M DAVIS, JACOB THOMAS, GEO. S DURRAND B. DAVIS, ist. Sergeant. DUNSON, JACOB THOMAS, WALTER FRANK HARTSF1ELD DILLYHAY, JAMES TRACEY, ROBERT B STUART ALEXANDER DOWNS, ROBERT TRAVEIS, WM H ROBERT VV. GULLY DREWERY, WILLBON TRIBUE, JOHN E THOMAS F. TYLER EDWARDS, CHAS H TRIBUNE, JOHN E CHAS. E. L. HENDERSON FRYE, JESSE TURNER, OWSLEY GREEN, WM H UPCHURCH, GEO GRIFFIN, WM H VAN, WM GWIN, WALTER WALKER, SAMUEL CORPORALS HALL, JOHN H WALKER, LEMUEL HILL, TOHNNIE WASHINGTON, JOSEPH S JOHN BRADLEY HASKTNS, FRANK WHITE, WM VVM. L. SETTLES HOWARD WM WILSON, WM ROBERT P. HURD JEFFERSON, HARRY WILLIAMS, MARTIN \VM. JONES JACKSON, ROBERT WILLIAMS, WM H ROBERT CARTER JOINER, JAMES L. HUNTER JOHN WYATT, WM LOUIS C. TORBERT KELLY. THOMAS YOUNG, GEO OLONZO V. CURRY LAWSON, ROY YOUNG, JOHN C WM. ELLISON LINDSAY, ISAIAH CLARENCEJ. LOVE LEE, ISAAC WM. M. WEBSTER MAZE, TAMES DISCHARGED JAMES LOVE McDOUGAL, ADDOUN McFERRIN, IESSE L Corp. JACOB D. TURNER FREDERICK MAKENS. Musician MOORE, WM M HENRY HOLLIDAY, Musician NORRIS, WM. D. PORTER, Artificer EDWARD OWSLEY, JESSE PROMOTED BRAD. HUMPHRIES, Wagoner PARKS, FRANK HENRY J. MOORE, Cook PARKS, JOHN Corp. GEO. D. WHITE, to S. M. PAYNE, ALBERT PAYNE, HENRY L PRIVATES PETERSON, WM H DECEASED PHILLIPS. JOSEPH A ANDERSON, THOMAS ROSS, THEOPHILUS Private WALLACE JOHNSON BRINN, LUCIUS SHANNON, JOHN W Private PAUL SMITH BROWN, ARTHUR SMITH, AUGUSTUS R Private SAMUEL NICKENS BUTLER, ANTHONY F SMITH, HENRY Private SYLVESTER JOHNSON CARTER, WM STALLCUP, CHAS. H Private SIMON B. PETERS CRAWFORD, WM TALBERT, FRANK J Private GEO. FARRIS Captain Charles L. Hunt Lieutenant John W. Shreeves CAPT. C. L. HUNT /^HARLES L. HUNT was born June 29, 1862, in Chicago. He received his early education in what is now the heart of Chicago. He learned his A B C's in the Jones School and completed his education in the Dearborn School which stood at the time opposite to the present site of McVicker's Theater. His early ambition was to be a soldier. Asa mere boy he joined the Hannibal Zouaves, remaining with them when they became Company A, Sixteenth Battalion, I. N. G. He joined Com

pany B of the Ninth Battalion, June 17, 1891, and on May 3, 1892, was elected Second Lieutenant, holding this office until Sept. 28, 1895, when he was elected First Lieutenant. He was first put in command of Company C, being finally elected and commissioned Captain of Company C Nov. 4, 1895. Hunt's Coyote's were one of the most famous companies in the regiment and had the opportnnity pre- sented itself they would undoubtedly have proven themselves great fighters. LIEUT. JOHN W. SHREEVES JOHN W. SHREEVES was born in New Bedford, Mass., in 1866, receiving a fine education in the public schools, he prepared himself for the government service. He occupied a position for three and a half years in the Bureau of Engraving and Printing at Washington, D. C. In 1890, he moved West to Chicago to grow up with the country. He joined the Ninth Battalion as a private in 1894 and by successive promotions he reached the rank of First Lieutenant in 1898. While on duty at the front, he was Provost Marshal in San Luis. LIEUT. FREDERICK D. SEARLES

I IEUT. SEARLES is a native of Chicago, and received his education in the public schools. "* He is one of the most versatile young men in the city of Chicago, and has held many positions requiring trust and skill. He is now an electrical mechanic—one of the very few to be found among our race. At one time he was storekeeper at the Dunning Institute; at another a deputy in the County Agent's office. He was one of the organizers of the Ninth Battalion, holding a Lieutenant's commission in 1892. While at the front he was Inspector of Rifle Practice, with the rank of Captain, He is an Odd Fellow, also a Knight of Pythias. 41 Company C, Company C, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.

Captain, Chas. L. Hunt. First Lieutenant, John W. Shreeves. Second Lieutenant, Fred D. Searles.

SERGEANTS PRIVATES LEWIS, DAVID P MARSHALL, GEORGE A CAPP HADLEY, ist Sergeant AKERS, FRANK MAY, CHARLES A ANDERSON, WM. H MAY, ERNEST R SAMUEL P. MOTTLEY BENJAMIN, LEWIS McGOWAN. SAMUEL H JESSE BUTLER BERRY, WM E McNARY, THOMAS JAMES D. SHREEVES BROOKS, GUS M MITCHELL, WALTER B Clio. W. II. SAWYER BROWN, HASTINGS MORGAN, GEORGE L. O ALBERT JOHNSON BROWN, SAMUEL H MUMPHUS, MOSES S CARTER, JUSTIN E N( • LAND, GARLAND CAVE, TAMES T NORTON. PERCY CHAPPLE, JERRY PEAKE, GUS CORPORALS CLAXTON, SAMUEL D PIERCE, ALBERT COLLIER, LEVI POLK, OLIVER M WM. L. BROWN, CRAIG, WILLIAM T POLK, WALTER H CLARENCE E. HOWARD CRIM, JACOB L PRYOR, CLARENCE P DAVIDSON, JOHN W REED, LIONEL A. 1). JACKSON DULE, FREDERICK REEVES, ALEXANDER FRANK C. JONES DYER, CLIFFORD RICHARDSON, WILLIAM K CHAS. KINNER FLOWERS, MONROE ROBINSON, GUS JOHN H. LUCKEY FORD HERSCHEL ROBINSON, LEWIS FORKNER, HENRY ROSS, HARRISON B WM. H. LUCKEY FREEMAN, HOMER A SCALES, FRANK FREDERICK T. NICKELS FREEMAN, FRANK W SHARP, WILLIAM ALBERT TAYLOR GARDNER WM M SLEET. TAMES W GAINES, JOHN A SMITH, BOLAN P JOHN THOMAS HARDAWAY, HARRY B STREADRICK, JOSEPH T CHAS. W. F. B. WHITE HARDISON, AARON TAYLOR CHARLES H RANSOM HART, WINGFIELD S TAYLOR, GEORGE H W. WF.STRERRY HARRIS, WM R TERRELL, ROBERT HENRY, EARL THOMAS, HENRY ALLEN O. PATTEN, Cook HIGHTOWER, FELIX THOMAS, WALTER HOBSON, MORGAN THOMASSON, RALPH E WM. N. FUSNFR, Musician HOGAN, EDWARD UPCHURCH, BAILEY NORFLAT WATSON, Musician TACKSON, LAWRENCE WILLIAMS, JAMES JACKSON. GEORGE W JOSEPH S. SHREEVES, Artificer WILSON. JACOB JOHNSON, JERRY WISE, RUFUS NATHAN M. WATSON, Wagoner JOHNSON. LEMUEL WHITE, GRANT T< (IINSTON, LOUIS H

4:;

CAPT. W. T. JEFFERSON

/^APT. W. T. JEFFERSON was born in Washington, D. C, Aug. 4, 1864, living there but a few years, when his parents moved to Derby, Conn. He obtained his early education in the public schools of that place; at the age of 18 he began an apprenticeship in a local dental parlor and continued in this work eight years. In 1 889, he decided to make dentistry his life's profession, and in the fall of 1889 he entered the Dental School of Howard University of Washington, D. C. He took but one year at Howard; coming to Chicago in March, 1890, he entered the American College of Dental Surgery and graduated March 24, 1891. He immediately entered upon the practice of his profession and continued his successful practice until his country called him to arms. He early joined the Knights of Pythias and rapidly rose in favor in the most- respected order. He joined Company D of the Ninth Battalion,

April 1, 1895, and was elected Second Lieutenant May 1, 1895, when the Battalion became a part of the State Militia. In November, 1895, he was unanimously elected First Lieutenant of the company he now commands. As an officer, he is the peer of any Captain in the volunteer service. LEUT. HOWARD LOVE IEUT. HOWARD LOVE is 34 years old. His birthplace was Urbana, Ohio, where he lived for J ' fifteen years. He came to Chicago in 1885, and joined the Ninth Battalion at its inception in 1891. He soon was appointed a Sergeant, and was elected Second Lieutenant in 1897. When the regiment was mustered in at Springfield, he received a First Lieutenant's commissson, and soon afterwards was detailed as Regiment Ordnance Officer, which position he most acceptably filled until he was mustered out. Quiet and unassuming, Howard Love has made friends and has done his duty. THADDEUS W. STEPP A GOOD record in the Ninth Battalion, coupled with a good ability, placed a Second Lieutenant's commission in the hands of Sergt. Thaddeus Stepp at Springfield. He has resided in Chicago since 1887, and joined the Ninth Battalion at its chartering, when 26 years of age. For several years he has been head janitor of Plymouth Congregational Church. Aside from his regular duties in Cuba Lieut. Stepp did some splendid work in photography, and brought home with him views of many inter esting Cuban scenes. Group of Officers at Tatter sall's Company D, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.

Captain, William T. Jefferson. First Lieutenant, Howard Love Second Lieutenant, Thaddeus Stepp.

SERGEANTS PRIVATES OHNSON, JOSEPH H OHNSON, WILLIAM CHARLES FIELDING, ist. Sergeant ACRES, FRED TONES, JOHN W J. BANKS, JAMES JORDON, JOHN H MOSES HOPKINS BLAKNEY, JOHN LYNTHECON, OWEN ROBERT P. KING BROOKS, WALTER McGEE, WILLIAM BROWN, ALBERT L McOUINEY, JAMES L GEORGE H. SMITH BROWN, WILLIAM MARSHALL, ALEXANDER EUGENE WASHINGTON BLAND, FRANK MOHR. WILLIAM H BENJAMIN TINKNEY BYRD, WILLIAM MILLER, DANIEL B CHEERS, ARTHUR PAGE, CHARLES CLAY, WALTER PATTERSON, GEORGE CORPORALS COLWELL, EUGENE PAYNE, ALEXANDER CONSTANT, GEORGE 1 PEARMAN, HENRY JAMES P. R EWER CONWAY, JOHN F PRUDEN, WILLIAM H JOSEPH FIELDEN CONWAY, WILLIAM REED, ARTHUR E FLOYD LEWIS DOUGLAS, WILLIAM RICHARDSON, WILLIAM I DOZIER, ISRAEL RILEY, JOHN THOMAS DUNCAN FRAZIER, JOSEPH ROBINSON, JAMES THOMAS PETTIS FARMER, OSBORNE P ROBINSON WILLIAM fc- THOMAS TURPIN GARLAND, EUGENE ROSS, CHARLES J GARNETT, WILLIAM W ROWLAND, ROBERT E ROBERT S. TROUTMAN GIBSON, ARTHUR SEALS ROBERT W RICHARD A. BOONE GRAYTON, WILLIAM STANFORD, JOHN G WILLIAM SPARKS HALL, WILLIAM STEWART. CLARENCE HART, JOHN W THATCHER, WILLIAM LESTER HENDERSON HAMPTON, JOHN TOWNSEND, JAMES CARL GRANGER HAMILTON, CHARLES E TURNER. CHARLES TIMOTHY TYLER HARPER, IRA WILLIAMS, NOAH T HARRIS, ARTHUR WEBSTER, JAMES L ANDREW McGEE, Cook HAYES, FRANCIS E WILLIAMS, EDWARD ROBERT TINGSLEY, Artificer HIGHTOWER, JOHN WILLIAMS, GEORGE W CHARLES WHITE, Wagoner HUNTER, PEARLE WILSON, JOHN DAVID A. JACKSON, HARTIE WILLIAMS, CHARLES MILLEN, Musician JACKSON, THOMAS YOUNG, HARVEY T EDWARD ROBINSON, Musician TOHNSON, CHARLES W

47 Lieutenant Arthur Williams Captain Richard P. Roots CAPT. RICHARD P. ROOTS

HEN Major Jackson was relieved as post commander at Palma Soriano, he was succeeded by Capt, * Roots, who brought to the position an experience gained in the regular army with the Twenty-

fifth Infantry. Richard Roots was b rn in Tuscaloosa, Ala., in i860, and attended school in Tennessee. He came to Chicago in 1884, and has held important positions in the Post Office of that city. Gentle- ness, marked by decision, is Capt. Roots' predominating characteristic, and he has always been a commander who could completely control his men and retain their love and respect. At Palma, he was a most painstaking commandante. To his lot fell the investigation of numerous crimes committed by Cubans and Spaniards, and to his credit he invariably reached correct conclusions. Capt. Roots points with pride to the record made by his company in Cuba— not a man was lost by death, or by marriage with a Cuban senorita.

LIEUT. ARTHUR WILLIAMS

RTHUR WILLIAMS was born in Athens, Ga. , in 1870, and attended the public schools in that city until he reached the age of 15. He then moved to Atlanta. He enlisted in the Ninth U. S. Cavalry, being stationed at Jefferson Barracks. He reached the rank of Sergeant, acting as drill master for eight years. He then came to Chicago, and when war was declared assisted in enlisting Company E.

charged as a First Sergeant. While in Cuba, Lieut. Rauls was on detached service at Palma Soriano, serving most acceptably as Post Adjutant.

49 Company E. Company E, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.

Captain, Richard P. Roots. First Lieutenant, Arthur Williams. Second Lieutenant, James M. Rauls.

SERGEANTS PRIVATES JASPER, GRANDSON JOHNSON, AARON E ABBOTT, CLIFFORD JOHNSON, OLIVER M. DAVIS, ist. Sergeant WILLIAM ADAMS. GEORGE E (ONES, JOHN JULIUS H. JOHNSON ALEXANDER, WICKIE LANKINS, JAMES A ARTHUR H. CROWN ARNOLD, THOMAS B LEVENS, PETE FRANK L. ARMSTRONG BERRY, EDDIE W LUNKE, HOWARD BLACK, HENRY LEE, JOHN G CHARLES A. HARPER BOSLEY, EDWARD McCOKNELL, GEORGE BRANSOME, JUNIOR McGILL, ROY BROWN, ALEXANDER McHENRY, JOE BROWN, GEORGE P McKINNEY, JULIAN CORPORALS BROWN, LAWSON McNEIL, CHARLES BROWN, THADDEUS mobley, tulius COOK, ISAIAH m< isby, charles GUILFORD E. CAMPBELL, CARPENTER, JEFFERSON matson, george JOSEPH B. JOHNSON, CARROLL, ALEXANDER matthews, charles DAVID LOCKETT CHAPPLE, CHARLES morris, george w WILLIAM RADFORD CHAV1S, BERT nickens, irvin COLLINS, BUD pettit, williams EGBERT R. WILLIAMS DAVENPORT, HARRY pitner, herbert w AMOS JORDAN DORSEY, EMORY porter, edward DREXTER, JESSE M quarles, williamj FRANK VERNON EDWARDS, MATTHEW ransome, madison BURTON WHITE EMBRY, TORDAN A robson, tulius b BERT COLEMAN EVANS, FRANK J royal, charles EDWARD D. FKRRILL, LOUIS scott, john BARBER FIELDS, ALFRED smith, bert GEORGE EDWARDS GARNETT, JOHN strother, charles JOHN COLES GASH, WARNIR sutphen, charles MINCER O. SMITH GREEN, ERNEST taylor, harry c GRAY, TOM watson, tasper HANNAH, THOMAS wilkes, Thomas HARDY, EDWARDS F wilder, frank SAMUEL C. SMITH, Cook HERRING, GEORGE W wiliams, george JOHN B. COLSTON, Musician HUBBARD, GEORGE williams, gus WATT A. SANDERS, Musician HUNDLEY, GEORGE williams, lee JACKSON, DAVID B SMITH, Artificer wonzer, bentamtn FRANK 1ACKSON, JESSE young, fred" HENRY BROWN, Wagoner 'IARVIS, TESSE

51

* " school system of Chicago, he moved to that city in 1886. He entered the public schools and grad- uated from the North Division High School in 1891. In the public school, he showed such marked abil- ity that everyone interested in him advised him to study law. He entered the Law School of Lake Forest University in 1892, graduating in 1894. He immediately entered practice in Chicago and rapidly rose in his profession. He has occupied many positions of trust and has filled them all with great credit. For nineteen months he was discount clerk in the Water Office of the City of Chicago, and served as U. S. Custom Inspector of the World s Fair Grounds from Feb. 1893, until March 1894. Capt. Akers has a peculiar fitness for politics and is the leading colored politicion on the North Side. When the call to arms was made, Capt. Akers had a lucrative law practice which he left to take up the practice of arms. He organized and captained C ompany F during the whole time the company was in service. LIEUT. CLINTON L. HILL

HERF is no more popular man in Chicago than Clinton L. Hill. He was born in Juliet in 1867; at the age of five years he moved to Galesburg, and then in a few years to Bloomington. He attended the Normal University at Bloomington for a number of years and then removed to Chicago in

1882. Lieutenant Hill is a Knight of Pythias of very high standing, at the present time holding the position of Adjutant-General of that order. He assisted in the enlistment of Company F and was elected First Lieutenant of that company. He was Post Quartermaster at tht Palma Soriano, Cuba, filling the position to the satisfaction of all. "Clint" is the most popular dancing master in the city of Chicago.

ears' service in the regular army. He

Company F, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.

Captain, Wm. B. Akers. First Lieutenant, Clinton L. Hill. Second Lieutenant, John McDonald.

SERGEANTS BERRY, JOHN H l1verman, geo BERRY, JOHN T Mcdonald, walter AUGUSTUS RANTUS," ist. Sergeant BLAKES, FRED McGOWAN, JACOB THEODORE HAWKINS BISHOP, CHAS MITCHELL, JOE BOWDEN, JOHN F MORGAN, TAMES A VARIES A. DAVIS BOYD, SAM MORRIS, SAMUEL HERMAN HECTOR BRENT. BERTRAND MOSBY. FRANK C BROWN, JOSEPH J NUNN, MOSES J C (.'HAS. A. BROWN BROWN, JOHN R PHILLIPS, SCHUYLER RICHARD B. BONZELE BRYANT, GEO. H PRATHER, FRED COBB. GEO RANDOLPH, PAYTON W CORPORALS COREY, WM. H RUDD. JAMES H WM. TURNER, CORRUTHERS, OSCAR o SCOTT, ALBERT DOUGLASS, WM STARKS, CLYDE W HOWARD GARDNER FIELDS, MOSES STEWART, JOHN P GEO. W. WOOD FOX, JAMES D STEWART WM E GEO. H. GRIFFIN FOSTER, WESLEY S STODDARD, CHAS W FRAZIER, JAMES H STONE, THOMAS E MARCELLUS VV. McCAEL GRAY, GEO W SYKES, GEO JARIOT McEEMORE GOODE, WM. T TABORNE, LAFAYETTE HADLEY, JOHN THOMPSON, ARTHUR EDWARD BURNETT HALL, GEO TURNER, ROBERT JAMES A BURT HAYES, WM. F WARFIELD, HAYDEN CHAS. LINDSAY HAYWOOD, GEO W WEAVER, WM HOLLOWAY, FRANK WHITTAKER, WESLEY LOUIS PEARMAN HUMPHREY, JAMES G WHITE, THADDEUS M EMORY SNOWDON HYDE, JOHN WILLIAMS, CHAS H GEO. STROTIIER, Cook HAWKINS, GUS WILLIAMS, SAMUEL JAMES A. FOX, Musician JACKSON, JOHN WILLIAMS, WM W JACKSON, JOHN A WILKINS. PEYTON B WM. E. SCOTT, Musician TACKSON, MALCOLM WOODALL, PRINCE E ALEX. ALFORD, Artificei JENKINS, FRANK \V< (LLRIDGE, WM H JOSEPH W. BROWN, Wagoner JOHNSON. THOMAS W AMBROSE, CHARLES, discharged Jan. 27, TONES, ALONZO J 1809. PRIVATES LANE, JAMES PARKS, ALONZO, deceased at Palma So- LANE, SILAS riana, Feb. 4, 1899. ANDERSON, ADOLPH F LEEK. EDWARD ANDERSON, BERT LEWIS, CLAYBORNE G BEAN, GEO. W

5o Captain Julius C. Withersj'oon Lieutenant Charles M. Reece CAPT. JULIUS WITHERSPOON

[") ROB ABLY no man in the regiment has had a more varied career than Captain Julius Witherspoon. He was born at Archidelphia, Ark., 1859, receiving his education and early business training in that town. After spending twenty-four years in his native home, he decided to go out into the world and seek his fortune. He came to Bloomington in 1884 and began his new career as a farmer, working for O. Barnard, the largest agriculturist of that section of the State. He left the employ of Mr. Barnard

to enter that of the great stock dealer, I. H. Light. He enjoyed the entire confidence of both of these gentlemen and soon rose to the position of confidential man in both places. When war was declared, he was a policeman in the City of Bloomington.

LIEUT. H. W. JAMESON

HENRY W. JAMESON left the ministry to join the Eighth Illinois. Lieut. Jameson obtained his ' I literary education at Knox College, and then bent his energies towards the study of theology. For the past few years, he has made a distinct success in the newspaper and publishing lines, and was early selected for a commission when the regiment was being formed. In Cuba, as Judge Advocate, his work met the commendation of his superior officers.

LIEUT. CHARLES M. REECE

/^"HAS. M. REECE was born at Bowling Green, Mo., in 1 858, receiving his early education and learn- ing the trade of barber in his old home. He left Bowling Green in 1888, coming to Jacksonville,

111. He is a tonsorial artist of wide repute in his community, but the confinement of the occupation was injurious to his health. When he enlisted in the volunteer service he was employed as messenger at the Railway and Warehouse Commission at Springfield .

57 Company G. Company Q, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.

Captain, Julius C. Witherspoon. First Lieutenant, Henry W. Jameson. Second Lieutenant, Charles M. Reece.

SERGEANTS PRIVATES knight, noble lane, tohn AUGUSTUS G. SMITH, 1st. Sergeant ANDERSON, CHARLES S lee, james h BELL, SHIRLEY D lewis, nathaniel JAMES M.. COURTNEY BELL, WILLIAM lewis, philip WICKLIFFE SMITH BLAKE, FINUS madison, sidney DAIVD H. MOORE BROWN, BLAND martin, charles e BROWN, EMMANUEL W S McDonald, virgil IRA O. GUY BROWNER, JAMES m1lom, hart JESSE H. VVAGGENER BURNETT, HAYES myers, charles BURNS, MERRILL n1ckens, wardner BRYANT. WILLIAM patton, james n CORPORALS liOYD, WILLIAM pennix, john CROUSE, WILLIAM P rollins, william p WILLIAM T. JORDAN DAVIS, FRANK L riley, hardin DELMAR E. LEE DAVIS, JOSEPH roberts, hayes l CASH G. DUNN, JOHN robertson, william TOLIVER EARLY, DANIEL smith, arthur LEWIS LIVINGSTON FEARS, A. M smith, william WILLIAM R. CLARK GIBBS, DAVID stipes, joseph JAMES H. SIMONS GAINES, TOSEPH B sublett, samuel GLASSCO", CHARLES H samuels, geo. w NOBLE D. LAMB GRAYER, FRANK samuels, james a JEREMIAH PROSER GRISLE, GRANDVILLE thomas, everett HARRY D. HARDIN, JAMES ticknor, jed RODGERS HARDIN, WILLIAM turner, mike EUGENE THOMAS HENRY, ED walker, nelson JOHN H. H. HAWKINS HOBBS, DAVIE G watson, william a HENRY C. WILSON HOLLY, TOHN white, samuel f HUBBARD, ALBERT wiley, willie JACOBS, CASSIDY williams, wather CHARLES HARDIN, Cook JACKSON, LEBERT williams, spencer JOSEPH G. WILSON, Musician JOHNSON, WILLIAM Ii wright, chester TONES, CHARLIE yancey, william SAMUEL HARDIMAN, Artificer TONES, WILLIAM M yarbery, frank FRED MURPHY, Wagoner KEMP, CHARLIE young, charles h

59

CAPT. WILLIAM D. HODGE

APTAIN WILLIAM DARRELL HODGE has the distinction of being the youngest Captain in

the Eighth Regiment. He first saw the light of day in Ouincy, 111., 1875. In 1879, his parents moved to Springfield, 111., which place has been his home ever since. His father was a veteran of the Civil W ar and much of the maitial spirit of the father was inherited by the son. He was the organizer of the Sons of Veterans Corps of Springfield, joining as a private in 189 1; by steadfastness of purpose and devotion to duty, he rose to the rank of Captain in 1894. Captain Hodge by diligent work, aided by able assistants, succeeded in making Company H one of the "crack" companies of the regiment.

LIEUT. RICHARD C. ROSS

A LTON, ILL., is the birthplace of Richard C. Ross. Born in 1870, he lived in his native city until he reached the age of 17, then removing to Springfield. At the time of his enlistment, he was the second cook at the Leland Hotel of that city. He is such a trustworthy man that in times of emergency he has been given full charge of the house. He is also First Lieutenant in the Sons of Veterans' Corps of Springfield.

LIEUT. WALTER J. JACKSON

H? ALTIMORE, MD., is the birthplace of Walter Jackson. He is twenty-nine years old. In 1895 he ' joined the Ninth Battalion as a private, and when the regiment was called to Springfield he wore the stripes of a Sergeant. He was mustered in as Second Lieutenant, and has done faithful and consistent service.

in Company H. Company H, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.

Captain, William D. Hodge. First Lieutenant, Richard C. Ross.

Second Lieutenant, Walter J. Jackson. SERGEANTS BRABOY, KIT MEREDITH, AMOS BISHOP, CHARLES MILLER, HENRY ROBERT BLAKEMAN, ist. Sergeant BROWN, ALLEN MINNARD, HARDY HENRY WILLIAMS BROWN, BELTON MOORE, CHARLES OLIVER CURTIS BROWN, DANIEL MARSHALL, WESLEY HENRY A. BROADY BURKS, WALTER MAHR, MAJOR FRANK L. LEWIS BURTON, MILUS MARSHALL, LENARD JOSEPH RICHARDSON BURTON, GEORGE ORENDORF, ELIJAH BENNETT, ROBERT POLLARD, WILLIAM CALHOUN, RALPH PETTIT, WILLIAM CORPORALS CARTER, GILES PEYTON, WILLIAM DICKENS, HARRY PARKER, LORENZA JOSEPH MORGAN, DIXON, JAMES OUARELLS, GEORGE HARRY ROSS DONNEGAN, WILLIAM RAGLAND, WILLIAM WILLIAM FARMER EDWARDS, JOSEPH RAY, GRANVILLE ELIAS KIRBY EN SAW. CHaRLLS REDEN, NEUMAN JAMES HATCHER FARMER, JOHN JR RICKETT, BENTAMIN DAVID EDWARDS FORD. FRANK ROBINSON, JAMES CHARLES ROSE G[ OYER, LOUIS ROSS, CHARLES LUTHER KING GRF.EXLE AF, El. UAH RUCKER, ELECK GEORGE BEARD GILF.S. DAVID SMITH, WILLIAM FRANK BURNS HAT L, ROBERT SETTLERS, SAMUEL ABRAHAM L. MORGAN HARDIN, ANDREW SANDERS, JOSEPH EVERTT WATTS HATCHER, ELLIS THOMPSON, ALBERT HICKS, WILLIAM TABORN. JOHN HIIX. HENRY VERNON, FRANK GEORGE HARRIS, Cook HOLMAN, RALPH WILLIAMS, JOHN FREDERICK PARKER, Musician IK GAN. CH VRLES WILLIAMS, LOUIS IRA KING, Musician HUBBARD. 'AiviES WILLIAMS, NOAH CHARLES HOLMAN, Artificer johnson, Albert WILLIAMS, REUBEN JOSEPH WELLS, Wagoner jones, john WRIGHT, ROBERT Johnson, arthur d WASHINGTON, ALEXANDRA kirby, paul WASHINGTON, ROBERT PRIVATES lacey, george WASHINGTON. FREDERICK loomis, george WATKINS, CHARLES ADAMS, ROBERT loomis, william WEBB, TAMES ALEXANDRA, GEORGE lucas, tames WORMLEY, EDWARD BLACKFORD, WILLIAM mahr. David YORK, WILLIAM BLAND, AUBRY marshall, george WALTON, JAMES C

63

CAPT. FREDERICK BALL, JR.

[FREDERICK BALL, JR., was born in Ouincy, 111., Dec. 5th, 1865. In 1883, he was graduated from the city high school, and soon afterwards commenced the study of law. After a complete course in the Chaddock Law College he was admitted to the bar in November, 1895. He built up a splendid practice, and soon became the leading colored citizen in that section. When Col. Marshall was casting about for a suitable man to recruit a company in Quincy, his choice naturally fell upon Frederick Rail. In securing recruits, he was particularly fortunate, and Capt. Ball's company soon became a company of soldiers.

LIEUT. WILLIAM H. DALLAS

\./ILLIAM DALLAS was born in Ouincy, 111., in 1877. He attended the public schools of that city, afterwards learning the butcher's trade. He was working at his trade when the call for troops was made. Entering the service as a Sergeant, Lieutenant Dallas received more promotions than any man in the regiment—two commissions coming to him in less than two months.

LIEUT. ROBERT RATCLIFFE

"THE Second Lieutenant of Company I won his commission in the service. He enlisted as Sergeant * Major, performed his duties most acceptably, and was rewarded with a promotion. In Chicago, Lieutenant Ratcliffe held an important position in the Postoffice, which has been held open for him during his absence. During the temporary absences of Adjutant Thompson, Lieut. Ratcliffe performed exceed- ingly well the duties of that important office.

65 PROACH TO MORRO CASTLE Company I, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.

Captain, Frederick Ball, Jr. First Lieutenant, William H. Dallas. Second Lieutenant, Robert F. Ratcliffe.

SERGEANTS PRIVATES JACKSON. LORENZY JEFFERSON, ARNOLD CHARLES S. S. MORRISON, ist. Sergeant ARTIS, SILAS JEFFERSON, JESSE CHARLES O. ROBINSON BARNES, BERTIE JOWLS, CHARLES A BERNARD, LOUIS II JOHNSON, WILLIAM CHARLES H. PETERSOu BELL, WILLIAM F JOHNSON, GEORGE W SAMUEL DUNCAN BLUE. WILLIAM LONGMEYER, JOHN WILLIAM W. PERKINS BLACKBURN,. JOHN W MAXWELL, CHARLIE BRUINGTON, BAANA MARSHALL, JOHN E JOSEPH W. JORDAN BRUINGTON. LEMUEL McCRAY, JOHN BROWN, WILLIAM A McWILLIAMS, GEORGE BUCKNER, BEN MARTIN, EDWARD BURRELL, HENRY M MORRIS, WILLIAM CORPORALS BUTLER, SMITH MOORE, FRANK BUSH, EDWARD MITCHELL, HARRY H JAMES DENNING BALL, WILLIAM W MERRITT, DAVID

CI. TOSEI'H I SOLOMON L. LESTER ARK, ' MILLER, EDWARD THOMAS COMBS, JOHN A NEWBOLT, HENRY W. ROBINSON COBY, WILLIAM PARRISH, SIMON P JAMES W. CROPP DAVIS, MORTON I'ERKIXS. InllX II. IK HERBERT \\ I I, LI A.MS DEAN, HONOR PHIPPS, EDGAR DOUGLAS, THOMAS PHOENIX, WILLIAM BA I LEY BUTLER DOTSON, WILLIAM PENIX, ROBERT L JOHN W. BALL DORSEY, JOHN II PLUMMER, CHARLEY JOHN W. GRIFFIN El. I. IS, ARTHUR* PRIDE, JOHN A GRIFFY FOSTER, ERNEST L RELEFORD, WILLIAM A WILLIAM FIX LEY, WALTER R RICHARDSON, PHILIP EDWARD H. JOHNSON GASKIN, SIMON ROLAND, JOHN JOHN GLOVER GASKIN, CHARLES D SHAW, MILLARD A WILLIAM GII.STRAP, ROBERT SANSBURRY, WILLIAM WARD GTBSON, ROBERT SMITH, AARON D GREEN, SAMUEL SMITH, TYSON H WILLIAM E. WOODS, HARRISON, JOHN H SPENCER, MARION Cook HARRISON, ELMER SIM! NGTON, CHARLES JAMES A. MOSBY, Musician HARRISON, HENRY THOMPSON, ANDY WILLIAM DIAMOND, Musician HARRIS, ROBERT THOMPSON. WILLIAM W TAYLOR HARVEY, ANTHONY T WARD, FRED WHEELER. Artificer HICKS, ALBERT L WASHINGTON. WILIJAM ROBERT CROCKETT. Wagoner HENRY, HERMAN D WALKER, JOHN M

67 Lieutenant William Carter Captain Leon W. Denison Lieutenant James Washington —

CAPT. LEON W. DENISON EON W. DENISON, brother of Major Frank Denison, was born in San Antonio, Tex. He J— ' prepared for the University of Michigan in the public schools of his home. Captain Denison spent two years in the University of Michigan, taking a special course in history, logic and rhetoric preparatory to the study of law. He entered the Chicago College of Law in 1896, and at the time of his enlistment was a senior in that institution. He enlisted as a private in the Eighth Regiment and was unexpectedly appointed Captain of Company K by the Governor. He took a green company, and by skill and per- sistence formed it into one of the best companies of the regiment. Leon Denison is one of the most able and popular young men in the city of Chicago He lays no claims to being a politician, but stands high in the councils of both city and county politicians. LIEUT. WILLIAM CARTER IEUT. WILLIAM CARTER, the smallest and best-natured officer in the regiment, was born forty-

' ' eight years ago in the Old Dominion. In 1863, he moved to Litchfield, 111., entered the field of business, and made a pronounced success. During the formation of the Eighth Regiment, no man was more active, or more successful, in securing recruits than Lieut. Carter. A capable officer, genial, courte- ous, and at all times a credit to his uniform is the record of Lieut. Carter. LIEUT. JAMES W. WASHINGTON JAMES W. WASHINGTON, the fighting parson, was born at La Grange, Mo., in 1863. He received his early education in his native city. At that time, it was his highest aim to be a minister of the gospel and a leader of his people. He was ordained a Baptist minister at Davenport, Iowa, Oct. 15, 1886. Lieut. Washington was Chief City Oil Inspector for two and a half years at Monmouth, 111.; leaving that position, he became editor and publisher of the Douglas Optic, the first colored paper ever published in Knox County, Illinois. This field becoming too narrow for a man of his abilities, he moved in 1896 to Rock Island, 111. He took an active part in the enlistment of his company, and afterwards as a Lieutenant met all the requirements of a soldier. While located at San Luis, he filled the position of Provost Marshal with great distinction.

69 Company K Company K, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.

Captain. Leon Denison. First Lieutenant, William Carter.

Second Lieutenant, J. W. Washington.

SERGEANTS privates JAMES, JOSEPH L KEELING, JOHN albritton, tolbert KNOX, JOSEPH GEO. D. CARTER, ist. Sergeant allen, christopher KNIGHT, LUCIUS WILLIAMS, WILLIAM anderson, harry LEE, ERNEST WELLINGTON CROCKETT baker, george LEE. EDWARD DANIEL baker, james LETCHER, EDDIE LUCAS bell, john LEWIS, WILLIAM SMITH HALL bell, william LOGAN, FRANK SOLOMON WILLIAMS birch, william MAYS, JOHN bailey, lafayette McKANE, NEUT branch, frederick MITCHEL, FREDRICK bramm, james MOORE, FRANK CORPORALS brown, cornelius OWENS, C. W. brown, fremont PEAIR, TONIE PHILLIP DAVIS o'bryant. henry RAYMOND, HUGH JOSEPH YEAGER butler, george REDMOND, EVERETTL carper, martin ROSS, W. A. RUFUS YEAGER collins, ross RUSH, GRANT GRANT WARD cooper, chester SCOTT, WILLIAM JOHN SPEARMAN curtis, benjamin SUMMERS, EARL WILLIAM JONES curtis, toel SMITH, WILLIAM eaves, George SMITH, T. T. GEORGE HAYES edens. james STANLEY, LEONARD WILLIAM REDMOND edwards, benjamin TAGGART, HENRY evans, walter TERRELL, EDWARD FRED HOLMES fergusson, john TERRY, HENRY JOSEPH WILSON gordon, chaylon TITSWORTH, DAVID EDWARD LEE grant. james VANDERMUS, ANDREW" harris, tames WADDLE, AARON ALEXANDER BUSH hayes, robert WALKER, WILLIS hunter, george WHITE. JOSEPH hyatt, richard WILSON, WASHINGTON HENRY jackson, andrew WALLACE, TAMES BOWENS, Cook tackson, james VALENTINE, IRA HARRISON PORTER, Artificer johnson, a w PENDLETON, ELMER SYLVESTER McALLISTER, Wagoner johnson, tohn THOMAS, TOHN R JOHN JACKSON, Musician Johnson, 'william CLAYPOOL, AUSTIN John, tilton COEFIELD, EDWARD HORACE ALEXANDER .Musician tones, frank NORTH. TOHN

ri Lieutenant John W. W. Laden Lieutenant Horace G. Burke CAPT. GEORGE V. LANE

EORGE V. LANE is reputed to be the handsomest officer in the regiment. When Capt. Lane left his home to lead his company to the front, he was serving his third term as County Commissioner. By profession the captain is a lawyer.

LIEUT. JOHN W. W. LADEN

IOHN W. W. LADEN was born in Mound City, 111., in 1873. He received his early education in the schools of his native city, afterwards attending the high school at Metropolis. He left the Metropo- lis High School to complete his course at the Evanston High School preparatory to a collegiate course in Northwestern University. When war was declared he was working on a farm to replenish his funds in order that he might complete his university course.

LIEUT. H. G. BURKE

ORACE G. BURKE was born July 4, 1872, at Houston, Tex. He passed the early years of his

life in his native State, moving to Metropolis, 111., in January, 1883. He enlisted in Company L at the first organization of that company, leaving a thriving and remunerative live stock business for the defense of his country. He enlisted as a First Sergeant and was promoted on the field in Cuba to Second Lieutenant. He proved himself to be an efficient officer in every respect, discharging, his duties in such a gentlemanly manner that he won the esteem of the entire regiment. He has always been a prominent figure in the southern part of the State, and bids fair to become one of the leaders of his race.

73

Company L, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry

Captain, Geo. V Lane. First Lieutenant, John W. W. Laden-. Second Lieutenant, Horace G. Burke. SERGEANTS PRIVATES McCURRY, SONEV McCURRY, GEO ADAMS, H. McKAY, T. LLOYD, ist. Sergeant Ed SAMUEL JOEL ADAMS. JOSEPH MANN, TOE HARLAND A. HOARD ALLEN, lOHN D MILES, 'WM ROBERT T. SIMS ALLEN, WALTER MORGAN, JAMES G WM. T. STEPHENS BLITHE, JAMES H MOORE, PORTER BRADLEY. ANTHONY MILLER. WILSON CLARENCE E. THOMPSON BROWN, WM. D MILLER, FRANK BEN J. ROLLINS BROWN, Geo NOBLE, WM BURROWS, GEO NEW SON, JESSE COUSINS. WM. E. OR] NGTON, CLARENCE CORPORALS CROCKET, REUBEN PAYNE, CLEMNIE E' ROB DALTON CHAS. R POLLARD, TUDGE GLOVER DUNNING, THOMAS REEDE, RO'LLAND J. W. PARKS EDWARDS, ROB A REEDE. WM GEO. W. HUGHES EDWARDS, TOHN ROBINSON, JOE EVANS, HY" ROBINSON, JAMES M WM. MOORE FLAKES, FATE ROLLINS, TOHN WALTER I. LIPSCOMK GIBSON, SAMUEL SMITH, TOllN W ARTHUR CARR GORDAN, ELIJAH A SMITH, GUS FLEMIN FISHER GRAHAM, WM. G SMITH, ARTHUR G HAYES, GEO H SMOOT, JOHN F JAMES MEALS HAGLER, WILEY A STEWARD, ULYSSES JOHN W. PASCHEL HENRY, FELIX H TURNER, JEFF FELIX DAILY HENDERSON, OTRESS II TAYLOR, ELIAS HYNES, EMERSON F, THOMPSON, GEO GEO. G. ANDERSON HOFFMAN, SAMUEL THOMPSON. HARRY E ALEX. JOHNSON HUGHES, ALFRED THOMAS, CHAS JOHNSON, THOMAS TILLER, WM JONES, JESSE UZZELL, McRac KING, EMERSON WATERS, LEWIS EDW ARD PIDDLE, Cook KIRBY, HY WEBSTER, HORACE THOMAS HARMON, Artificer KIMBALL, TOHN WHITE, TOHN HJLMON DAVIS, Wagoner LISHMAN, "BENJAMIN WHITNER, ELIJAH JOHN WHITNER, Musician LONG, HY W ILSON. LEVY LANE, JR., GEO V WILSON, PETER WM. G. LLOYD, Musician McCRACKIN, WALLACE WILLIAMS, EDDIE T

70 Lieutenant William A. Donaldson Captain Joseph W. MgAdoo Liu tknast Nathan Davis CAPT. JOSEPH W. McADOO

IOSLPH W. McADOO was born in Gibson County, Kentucky, in 1869. For the last fifteen years Cairo has been his home, and he by reason of his natural strength of character and energy, was early selected to be one of the officers in Company M. In the field, Captain McAdoo was a good tactician and a thorough

LIEUT. WM. DONALDSON

/7^NE of the quietest, most willing officers of the line is Lieut. Donaldson. He served his military apprenticeship in the 24th U. S. Infantry, and was well fitted for the more important duties with the Eighth. One of his superior officers said of him: "Whenever everyone else was worn out and reach' to rest, Lieut. Donaldson was always ready to carry out orders."

LIEUT. NATHAN DAVIS j\ 1ALHAN DAVIS was born in Pittsylvania County, Va., in 1865. He moved to Cairo, 111., in 1887,

* and immediately took a leading place among the men of his race. Lieut. Davis is a self-made man in the fullest sense of the word. By the hardest knocks, he was enabled to reach the enviable position he now holds. He has always been a lover of his race, and any measure that would advance the interests of the race, he advocated with all his great soul. He has always been true to himself and to his friends— that is the secret of his success. He took an active part in recruiting Company M and the improvement of that company, and thereby the regiment has been his greatest delight. His gentle- manly and soldierly ways have endeared him to both officers and men.

Company M, Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.

Captain, Joseph W. McAdoo. First Lieutenant, William H. Donaldson. Second Lieutenant, Nathan Davis

SERGEANTS PRIVATES JONES, WALTON F kNoVVLES, HARDY' L WILLIAM M. WATSON, ist. Sergeant ALLEN, ELMORE KNOWLES JOHN B HENRY D. DOUGLAS AMOS, RICHARD LAMBERT, EDWARD HAKER, WILLIAM LEACH, WILLIAM CHARLEY TRUELOCK BRADSHAW, CHARLEY McKISIC, THOMAS WILLIAM BUCKNER BIRDSONG, DENNA MITCHELL, WILLIAM JAMES W. MOSS BRIDGES, CLIFTON MITCHELL, TiDWARD BROWN, JOHN M AloSBY, GEORGE B. GEORGE H. LANE BAKER, LAWSON MOPPINS, TOHN BURNETT, RICHARD MORRIS, MITCHELL BRACY, RICHARD MORRIS, NEPP CORPORALS BUCKHANON, WILLIAM MARTIN, WALTER COMBS, DELACY MARTIN, TOHN H COOK, HEZ1CAII MATHES, 'SIMON SAMUEL PHILLIPS CLARK, JOHN MOSS, ALEX. JUDGE PHINNESSEE NOONAN, ALLIE J. COLE, RUFUS W NEWTON, ALEX GEORGE CLEMONS CARTER, WILLIS NEWSOME, FRANK JOSEPH WINBISH DUDLY, FRANK J. DOUGLAS, JAMES D OWENS, CHARLEY JAMES A. WILSON DUEPREE, WILLIAM PILLAR, ALLEN BENJAMIN H. SHANKLIN ELLIOTT, SIMON PEARSON, HENRY EVERETT. WILLIAM RIST. TAMES ALFRED THOMAS EWING. IRA ROSS, JAMES MAJOR WILLI FORD DENNIS, FARROW RILES, TOHN R DEMPSY SUMNER DENNIS, FAGAN SMITH,' EDWARD FIELDS, TOHN SMITH, JOHN T EDWARD PATTERSON FREEMAN, PETER SCAGGS. JAMES ISAIAH C. DILLARD FOULTZ, WILLEY SI LV ]•: RS." NAT 1 1 A X I E L JEFFERSON SMITH GREER. SAMUEL ST EV E RSON. WILLI A N> GASKIN, STEPHEN THOMAS, EDWARD FRANK NEAL GATEN, DAVID TUCKER. SIDNEY' HERRON, ALBERT THOMPSON. JOSEPH H ILL, TOHN TANCIL, CHARLEY HAYNES, ROBERT WATKTNS. EDWARD LOGAN WHITE, Musician WADE. GEORGE HOLLY. PLESS WASHINGTON. TAMES W ABRAHAM EZICAH, Musician TACK SON, ANDREW TOYNER. THOMAS W \RD. TACK EDW ARD WRIGHT, Artificer JOHNSON, ALBERT WHITE.' TOSEPIT JOSEPH DAVIS, Wagoner JOHNSON, WALTER WTI.LT A.MS. REECY

79 Company II Breaking Camp at San Luis Cuban Hoys in the Foreground a; HISTORY.

A history of the Eighth Illinois Volunteers is an were always to be led, never to lead. Though his shoul- epoch in the history of the negro in America. ders were broad, they were too narrow to bear the

gilded shoulder straps. Though his hands were Ever since Crispus Attucks, the world has strong, they were too brawny to wield the comman- known that the black man has undaunted courage ; der's glittering sword. that he is obedient to command ; and that he pos- They possessed that enthusiasm which led sesses,—thanks to his unfortunate ancestors,— to noble deeds, but they had not yet learned to hearty constitution, and the faculty of being satis- com- mand, or to be commanded by members of their own fied with an humble diet. In a word he is the ideal race. private soldier. Prejudice, rank and insurmountable had con- Sherman and Sheridan have testified to this fact tinually barred, to the colored youth, the doors of after Appomattox, Lee averred that without the aid the nation's great military academy. Laws, enacted of the negro soldiers, the North could never have in the post bellum days, absolutely forbade, in the conquered him ; and Gen. McClellan said, ''Give me negro regiments in the regular army,—the promo- an army of black men. and I will defy the world." tion which merit or valor might deserve.

Negroes as officers would be an experiment. Only one avenue leading to the upper grades re-

Theirs, heretofore,was to obey, not to command. They mained to him,—the state militia. In various states, companies and battalions were organized, and in The press was clamoring for war ; the pulpit 1891 the afterwards celebrated Ninth Battalion of prayed for intervention ; and the people regarded Chicago was formed. Up this single avenue il every strong voiced jingo as a defender of the down- marched, storming citadels of opposition, leaping trodden, and an exponent of liberty. War was ine- trenches of spiteful intrigue, repelling newspaper vitable and the citizen soldiery was preparing for it. and legislative attacks, but always on the way ( )n April 23rd, Congress declared that "a state upward. of war existed between the United States and For seven years the Ninth Battalion was the Spain," and the students in the West Point of the negroes' West Point. Nothing marked their Fresh- Negroes thought that their day of graduation was man, Sophomore and Junior years save many nights at hand. They knew that they belonged to the state of hard drill, several brilliant parades, and now and militia and that it was upon the state militia that the then a solemn march when a comrade was borne to government relied for its first soldiers. At last, the his final resting place. But political events were experiment was to be made,—negro troops, with ne- shaping themselves to give these soldier students a gro officers were to be called into the service. At memorable senior year,—a senior year that was to last, the American negro was to be given a chance to end with a commencement that was indeed a begin- fight for his less fortunate kinsmen in Cuba. ning of greater things. April 24th, the President's proclamation calling

In the spring of 1898, the world was expecting for 175,000 troops was issued', and under the allot-

Congress to declare war with Spain. Diplomacy ment to States, Illinois was to furnish seven regi- had utterly failed to gain for the tottering Cubans ments of infantry and one regiment of cavalry,—no a single tangible concession of liberty, or the right battalion was mentioned. The state's seven regi- to live. ments departed for Springfield, and every militiaman in the state who was willing to fight for his conn- were being formed in Chicago, one in Quincy. one try, except those of the Ninth Battalion, was to be each in Springfield, Cairo, Mound City, Litchfield given a musket. Was it misfortune, or was it preju- and Bloomington, and men for these companies dice? Popular opinion chose the latter, but devel- were coming in from all the surrounding towns and opments showed that it was the former. villages. In some companies, election of officers

were held and drilling was commenced ; in other en- The dav following the issuance of the call, a com- thusiasm was the predominating feature. Recruits mittee composed of John R. Marshall, Robert R. were easily obtained, but were just as easily lost after Jackson, Franklin Denison, E. H. Wright, Rev. R. they had grown weary of weeks of waiting. New C. Ransom, Rev. J. W. Thomas and S. B. Turner men to take their places were found by the tireless proceeded to Springfield to ascertain from Governor recruiting officers, despite the ever increasing cry Tanner why the Battalion had not been included that "the Eighth will never be called." Men who in the call. The Governor explained the situation. had given up their positions preparatory to going to Seven regiments had been called, and there were the front, got them back again, or began to grumble seven complete regiments in the state service, leaving at the long delay. Pessimists, and that class of men no place for an unattached battalion. "However," who discourage every enterprise, now loudly pro- he said, "if a second call be issued, I will give you claimed that the government had no use for the ne- the opportunity to recruit the battalion to a regi- gro soldier, and on the surface their cry appeared to ment, and will call that regiment first into the serv- be a sorrowful truth. Splendid specimens of man- ice. Furthermore I will promise you that every offi- hood applied at the recruiting stations of the regu- cer in that regiment will be a colored man." How only to be told that they could not be en- fully and well he kept this promise the world knows. lar army Then came the trying days. Two new companies listed except for service in the kitchen, or as order- lies. Applicants at the naval recruiting stations re- commanding the Eighth and Ninth Regiments to

ceived similar replies, hut the new Eighth Regi- proceed to Camp Tanner to prepare for service at ment bided its time. the front.

It was at this time that Capt. John R. Mar- The day and night of June 30th. 1899 will long shall of Company A of the Battalion showed his be remembered in Chicago. Everywhere during splendid ability as an organizer. Aided and coun- the day, could be seen soldiers loaded with luggage selled at every turn by Capt. James H. Johnson, centering to the Armory at Michigan Ave. and Adjutant of the battalion, and reinforced and assisted Thirteenth St. That nigra, authenticated rumor by Capt. Robert Jackson of Company D., his every said as it had often said before—the "boys" would movement tended to lend strength and centraliza- surely leave for Springfield, and this time rumor tion to the widely scattred groups of men who were was right. fast becoming discouraged waiting for a chance to of 30th the entire regiment defend their flag, and to fight for their people. In The night June saw went Chicago beds and food were supplied at the Armory on the road to Springfield. From Chicago seven hundred, from Cairo one hundred and twenty- for those who had come to the city with but little

five full ; and from Mound ; from Ouincy a company money, and who had expended it during the long smaller num- wait. Frequent messages of encouragement were City, Metropolis and Litchfield came full from Springfield sent out through the state to the various recruiting bers, while nearly a company Fair Grounds, now called officers, and meanwhile the war progressed. was already at the State Camp Tanner. The 25th day of May, President McKinley issued his second proclamation calling for 75,000 men, and The Adjutant's report for July 2nd showed about twenty days later, Governor Tanner issued the order. one thousand men in camp —and also showed that active recruiting was necessary. Franklin A. Deni- Tented on the same camp grounds was the Ninth son, Maj. Robert R. Jackson and Liuet. John Illinois under Col. Campbell, the junior of the

Hawkins were dispatched to various cities as re- Eighth in theory, but in fact its senior since it was cruiting officers, and within a few days the required ordered to Springfield first. Early in August, the number were obtained. Ninth received orders to prepare to move to a south-

ern camp en route for Cuba. Great was the rejoic- Then came the days of organization, equaliza- ing in that camp, and great was the sorrow in the tion and preparation. The United States Mustering camp of the Eighth at being left behind. The Ninth Officer, Lieut. Ballou, was on the ground ready left, and again was heard that same old pessimistic and anxious to transform the citizens into soldiers, cry that had been so prominent in Chicago,—that and the surgeons of the Eighth and Ninth were con- the government did not want colored soldiers. ducting the physical examinations with all possible speed. On July 18th Company A. was sworn in amid At this stage Gov. Tanner visited the camp the cheers of the entire body of volunteers. Daily, and in a speech said, "even from the very doors of thereafter, one, or more companies took the oath the White House have I received letters asking and and at eleven o'clock of the morning of July 23rd, advising me not to officer this regiment with col- John R. Marshall swore to perform faithfully the ored men, but I promised to do so, and I have done duties as Colonel, and the long-looked-for, and the it. I shall never rest until I see this regiment,—my long-hoped-for, experiment was under way. The regiment,-—on the soil of Cuba, battling for the muster roll showed 1,195 men ar>d 76 officers, every right, and for its kinsmen." man of them of African descent with but a single exception,—a private in one of the Chicago com- The echoes of his voice had hardly died away panies. before the misfortunes, in Cuba, of one of the fav- —

orite regiments of Illinois gave these colored sol- making effort for self-preservation ; to attempt to diers a chance to prove again to the world that when stand without a cry what their material bodies could the needs of their country called them, their per- not stand, was not to be expected, and they asked sonal safety was not to be considered for a moment. that something be done at once to relieve them.

The First Illinois, the ''Dandy First" of Chicago, But what could be done? The rain would fall was melting away before the onslaughts of the ter- equally as hard upon, and the fever would burn just rible Cuban fevers in the trenches around Santiago. as savagely in any one who might be sent to suc-

Drenching daily tropical rains had transformed their ceed them. At this juncture. Gov. Tanner con- camp streets into rushing streams. Constant ex- sulted Col. Marshall and requested him to ascer- posure, with insufficient food supply, had changed tain the sentiment of his officers and men in regard almost every tent into a sick room, and the dead to being sent to relieve the First. Unanimously march was more often heard than the mess call. they said, "let's go" and the following message was

Death was staring every man in the face and every sent to Washington : man in the regiment realized it.

Springfield, Aug. 4. Col. Henry L. Turner implored Gov. Tanner H. C. Corbin, Adjutant General : ner "to use all influence possible at Washington to secure the 'immediate recall of the First Illinois.'' "I called the officers of the Eighth

He said that a much longer stay would result in Illinois, colored, in conference and they nothing short of a calamity. Tried, they had like are unanimously and enthusiastically brave men to do their duty without complaining, in favor of being sent to relieve the but to die as though swept by a pestilence, without First Illinois at Santiago." :

This message was sent in a full realization of its On Saturday, the 9th of August the order to

import,—the Eighth^was volunteering to be sent to break camp and to proceed to New York was re- the exact spot where their old companions in arms ceived, and joy reigned again in Camp Tanner. were dying like sheep in a plague, and not a man objected to the dispatch of that message. The regiment departed from Springfield in four sections, each composed of Pullman and Wagner The next day, the Adjutant General sent this palace sleeping cars, and attended by porters. answer Travel rations had been provided, but few of them "The Secretary of War appreciates were ever used—so frequently were lunches supplied

very much the offer of the Eighth Illi- by patriotic people along the line.

nois Volunteer Infantry for duty in The citizens of Ohio were particularly generous Santiago, and has directed that the and demonstrative. Not a man in the regiment will regiment be sent there by steamer ever forgot the people of Greenfield, Chillicothe and Yale, leaving New York next Tues- Athens. At those cities hot cofTee, sandwiches, cake

day. The main trouble with our and fruit were supplied without limit by the citi-

troops now in Cuba is that they are suf- zens, and so warm was their reception that it only

fering from exhaustion and exposure served to make more prominent the half-hearted welcome and Godspeed of the people in Dixie's incident to one of the most trying cam- Land the next two days. paigns to which soldiers have ever

been subjected." H. C. CORBIN, Arriving in Jersey City, the regiment was

Adjutant General. marched to the ferry and thence directly to the Yale which was lying at dock in New York Citv. Before OUt of the question. The men slept on the open embarking the following sick and injured were sent decks, a pleasant place at that season of the year.

to the New York Emergency Hospital : —Drum Major James Rudd, Private George Baker, Com- On the morning of August 14th, Cuba was first pany D., who soon died there, and Privates George- sighted looming up in the distance, rugged and bar- ren. Walls and Charles Ambrose of Company F., both For hours, the Yale steamed along the coast of whom had sustained severe injuries byfalling from without passing a city or a hamlet until the beautiful the train while it was in motion. bay of Guatanamo, filled with American war ships, came into view. The next day Morro Castle was

Early in the afternoon of August nth, the Yale the center of all attention, and immediately off from cast off and proceeded down the bay amidst a per- this historic point the Yale anchored for the night. fect beldam of cheers from the passengers, and The next morning lighters came out from San- shrieks from the whistles of the many steamboats tiago and carried the regiment to the docks a dis- on the bay. When off Sandy Hook, a signal from tance of four miles, every inch of which teems with the government station situated there stopped the interest to an American. The half sunken Reina boat to wait for a tug to bring out a large number Mercedes, the staff of the Merrimac, and the masked of soldiers and officers who, wandering too far from batteries of Socapa were all in sight. About five the dock, had been left in New York. o'clock in the evening, the companies were landed,

The first real taste of the privations of a soldier and began a march to their first Cuban camping was experienced on this voyage. For the first two ground. The roads were in terrible condition, no days, it was almost impossible for the soldiers to means of transporting rations or baggage were at obtain any kind of food, and cool water was entirely hand, and the site selected for a camp was covered with a foot of w ater. The government guide, seeing bans had shown some signs of discontent, and the

the condition of this spot, marched on until he regiment was sleeping on its arms prepared for any passed through what seemed to be the gates of a park, emergency. About eleven o'clock a shot awakened

high and dry on a hill. Shelter tents were pitched the whole camp, and in an instant, almost, every and a comfortable night was passed, but uneasiness company was in battle front. The sentry's cry of was common the next morning when it was discov- '"halt" was not heeded by the approaching objects

ered that the camp was in the yard of the Spanish and several shots followed. Soon the firing became yellow fever hospital. general, but was quickly stopped by vigorous work on

the part of some of the officers. It was then discov- Bright and early on the morning of August 17th, ered that the approach of a Cuban in an ox cart had the First Battalion under Lieut. Colonel Johnson been the innocent cause of all the excitement. The took train for San Luis to take charge of a large next morning the body of poor Paul Smith, a pop- number of Spanish prisoners of war. Emaciated ular member of Company B. was found, cold and and hungry were these Castilians, living on the stiff, lying just outside of his quarters. A stray bul- bounty of Uncle Sam. The famous Mauser rifles let,—and a promising existence was cut short. were all taken away and sent to Santiago, and in a few days the prisoners themselves followed. The policy of the government was to station

American troops in every Cuban city of any im- As soon as Colonel Marshall arrived with the portance, to protect the weak, be they Spanish or other battalions, he was appointed Governor of the Cuban, and to assist and instruct in the formation province of San Luis, and commander of the post. of a municipal government. Colonel Marshall was

While encamped on a hill near San Luis the regi- ordered to send a detachment to Palma Soriano, ment had a ludicrous, yet sad, experience. The Cu- seventeen miles away, for this purpose, and to com- mand this post he made the happy selection of Maj. At Raima, this command passed a quiet, rather

Robert R. Jackson, Company E., Capt. Richard I'. uneventful period, marked by no serious disturb- Roots and Company F.. Capt. William B. Akers. ances, saddened only twice by death, and gladdened with Lient. Curtis as medical officer, formed his several times by marriages, with soldier grooms and command. Cuban girls as brides.

The sad death of Sergt. George Patterson of Raima, owing to its great number of Spanish Company F. early in December, cast a gloom over inhabitants, was known as "Little Spain," and a the entire detachment. Resentment and revenge master hand was needed to keep the two old enemies we're the first sentiments that stirred his comrades from clashing. Major Jackson succeeded in doing when his dead body was found, for it was at first this very well, so well, in fact, that Cubans and thought that he had been shot by a Cuban or a Spaniards alike expressed regret when the "Com- Spaniard. Investigation showed, however, that he mandante" was ordered to return to the regiment had accidentally killed himself while hunting alliga- at San Luis. tors.

Captain Roots succeeded him as commander of During this time history was fast making

the post and how well he performed his duties is with the regiment at San Luis. Colonel Marshall

attested by a petition signed by all the leading citi- possessed the full confidence of the general com-

zens sent to the General, asking that Capt. Roots manding and great power was given into his hand.

be retained at that post when it had been rumored For months, the regiment was camped, about a

that he and his command were to be ordered to the mile from San Luis, on a hill called by the boys,

hills outside the city. "Bull Run." This name dated from the night when the Cuban in his ox cart created so much excite- be had on every hand. When one visited Santiago, ment and shooting, during which one of the oxen he was approached every moment either by a boot- was shot to pieces. black who would say, "you, shine," or by a news-

boy with papers two weeks old. For the sake of better quarters, after it became known that a long stay was in store Shortly after the Eighth became settled in bar- for the Eighth, Col. Marshall moved the regiment racks, the Ninth United States Volunteers, a negro into the old Spanish barracks and arsenal within regiment with white officers, camped on the out- the limits of the city. Then, he proceeded to give skirts of the city. They soon became involved in a the natives a lesson in the American idea of munici- difficulty which unfortunately was reported to have pal government. He caused the streets, the yards, been participated in by the Eighth.. It was soon in fact, the entire city, to be cleaned. He allowed learned that a most base plot was on foot amongst the Cubans to enter the lines to trade and sell, and, those clo'se to headquarters at Santiago, to discredit in a short time, they became veritable Jews as trad- if possible the Eighth Illinois—or rather, the colored ers. officers of the Eighth Illinois. Officers high in

Pay days came regularly and often, and large authority saw that the experiment was about to be amounts were spent amongst the merchants, so that a success, and tried through unprincipled tools to in a short time, listlessness and stagnation gave so distort facts, and to so conceal the truth that way to activity and life. another century would pass before a negro Colonel should again head a regiment. The store keepers commenced to put on their shelves delicacies and foods that would tickle only A member of the Ninth Immunes became in- an American's palate. American beer was soon to volved in a quarrel with a member of the Cuban police and was shot dead. A general fight resulted the camp of the Eighth was the first on the island. with the Cubans on one side and the Ninth Regi- The planning of the camp, and the execution of its ment on the other. The Eighth, meanwhile was a details was the handiwork of Lieut. Colonel John- mile distant. But the Colonel of the Eighth, with son. his accustomed energy, and with matchless courage, Battalion and company drills in the morning as soon as he heard the firing, rode to that point, were followed in the evening by regimental parade. recognized at a glance the state of affairs, spurred Guard duty came to each soldier about once every directly up to the house from which the Cubans ten days, and in the intervals between these duties, were firing, and put an end to the shooting. Gen. the men were free to follow their own inclinations. Ewers, as soon as he was informed of the affair, By some, this time was employed visiting the Cuban placed Colonel Marshall in charge of the Ninth, and girls by others in playing base ball, foot ball or ; that night the "news" was flashed to America that

cards ; others devoted their time to the study of tac- the Ninth Immunes and the Eighth Illinois had tics and individual drill. killed five Cubans.

As a result of the unfortunate affair, however, The post hospital at San Luis, for the reception it became the policy at headquarters to remove the of patients from the 23rd Kansas and the Eighth troops from the city, and Camp Marshall, three Illinois consisting of several large buildings erected miles from San Luis, became the home of the regi- by the Spaniards, was directly under the charge of ment. Tragic and historical events were few at this Maj. Allen A. Wesley. A corps of more than point, but here was developed one of the finest vol- forty well trained men looked out for the wants of unteer regiments that was ever in a field. For mili- the patients, and administered the medicines pre- tary precision and cleanliness, Gen. Ewers said that scribed by the surgeons. At the camp, the field hos- pital was in charge of Lieut. E. S. Miller, and ablefor aninvalid. These facts were known in Chicago at times more than three hundred men were treated and the following committee represented the Auxil-

every morning. iary in the raising and disbursing of funds ; Mrs. Emma Phelphs, Mrs. John R. Marshall, Mrs. Rob- If the Eighth were given a chance to testify, it ert Jackson and Mrs. Harvey Thompson. Mr James would say that Uncle takes splendid care of his Sam Gilbert, of the Garden City National Bank, acted as soldiers. treasurer and contributed aid to the enterprise.

They never, for any length of time, needed any- By steady and consistent efforts, the auxiliary thing allowed to a soldier by regulations. Clothing, raised over $600.00 and expended it in the purchase of good quality, was almost always on hand. After of hospital supplies, such as oatmeal, condensed the first two months, the most fastidious could not milk, canned fruits, canned soups, castile soap, co- consistently complain of the rations issued. Fresh coa, beef extract and nightshirts.

American beef was received daily from Santiago, Thanksgiving morning, William T. Taylor, the and fresh bread was baked every day in the regi- druggist, departed for San Luis in charge of the mental bakery. Beans, peas, tomatoes, rice, hominy, supplies. bacon, dried apples, salmon, Irish potatoes, and sweet potatoes were supplied in sufficient quantities. No one, not connected with the hospital, can

Of course, after a time, the diet became monoto- ever imagine the incalculable amount of good that nous, but it was nevertheless entirely wholesome these supplies did. Before their arrival, the fever and all that could be expected, except in the case of stricken boys were compelled to eat the regular the sick in the hospital. At first the government army rations which were hardy for even a well man. did not supply any delicacies, or articles of diet, suit- Clam broths and chicken soups took the olsre of beans and hard tack, and the cool, clean nightshirts sity at every marriage, and households were set up supplanted the hot, regulation blue. that were destined soon to be torn down.

( )n the first day of February the was in Many a blessing was called down by the pa- camp an uproar. Drills were broken up. guards left their tients upon the Auxiliary, and all who contributed posts, meals were forgotten, and the cheering could to the funds, and the efforts of the surgeons were bo heard a mile. had just that the materially aided by the use of the foods. News come tiansport Chester would'be in Santiago on the twen-

tieth to carry the regiment home. Officers and men Alter Christmas, the regiment settled down to alike joined in a general thanksgiving, for they were speculation upon the return home. Reveille blew all going back to America. The days dragged slowly every morning and taps every night for months and

by : the twentieth came and passed, but no orders to months, every day of which was just like the other. move came with it. Early the next Sunday morn-

ing the order was given out to prepare for general days came and passed inspections were or- Pay ; inspection. dered and carried out ; drills followed drills and the regiment improved day by day. Cubans were be- At last the great day had arrived,—the success of coming every day more friendly. Several marriages the experiment which meant so much to the officers,

the regiment and the colored people in general, was resulted from this increased friendship, and the lit- about to be tested. Had the Eighth done all that tle god plaved some of his most peculiar pranks. the government expected it to? Were the men well

Men married girls to whom they couldn't say a drilled, and was the camp both military and sani-

dozen words ; the interpreter was an absolute neces- tary? Would the officers prove equal to their task, and would the men to-day, on this day of all days, own race. Gen. Breckenridge and Capt. Woodson prove to the United States government that negro told the world that the broad shoulders of the ne- soldiers can become as military under negro offi- groes were not too narrow for the shoulder straps. cers as they ever became under white officers ? That beautiful Sunday in far off Cuba, placed the

negro as an officer on the same high plane that he These questions were uppermost in the minds had heretofore occupied as a private. of all, and when the sun went down that night it Now the Eighth was ready to go home, the mis-, shed its rays on a regiment that was, as Gen. sion was accomplished. Many a had left his Breckinridge, the inspecting officer, said, "as fine man home and his family with this one thought urging a volunteer regiment as was ever mustered into the him on, if this regiment is a success, last service." — the bar- rier that stands between my race and complete free-

General Breckenridge complimented Col. Mar- dom will be swept away. shall very highly upon the splendid showing that The day of repatriation was again set, and on the

stated that it shame the Eighth had made, and was "a morning of March ioth, the regiment marched gaily to muster out of service such an excellent regi- into San Luis, its colors flying and the band playing, ment." Capt. R. S. Woodson, Medical Director, in- "There'll Be a Hot Time," and "Honey, Let Me spected the hospital and in his report said, "the two Bring My Clothes Back Home." The journey by * * * wards were in excellent sanitary condition ; rail to Santiago was a short one, and by evening the the medicines were dispensed from carefully written entire command was aboard the Sedgwick waiting prescriptions." for the morrow.

This day marked the death of the old stalking The passage on the Sedgwick was much better horse that negroes were unable to command their in every respect than had been the one on the Yale, received their records and hoat ing Officer had already and Thursday morning, March 16th, the good and faithful servants." Va. said, -well done, thou dropped anchor off shore from Newport News, battle was not theirs, but no less was the Glorious death in A tragic and sorrowful incident of the trip for they died for their and Mrs. glorious was their death, death of the baby daughter of Major country. Cuba, the Hag and for their Robert Jackson. Of feeble health in north- change of climate as the boat steamed ***** hastened the death that had been pending for ward, private in Newport Maj. George Pickett paid the last some time. The little one was buried at April. Eighteen Company M. late on the third of News. Hundred and Ninety-nine, and the Eighth Illinois sped. ceased to exist. Through Virginia and Kentucky the train United States Volunteers was crossed with but few stops, and Satur- Indiana the bar- in Chicago, which had been Eighth Illinois is in Tattersall's. day afternon, March 18th, the arrival in Chicago, Chicago wel- lacks of the regiment since its Chicago. Home at last, and a true scene of this historic event. magnificent ovation all along the was the come it received. A mammoth re- glorious banquet ; a the Eighth line of parade ; a President McKinley said when tedious work of mustering out was First, "that ception, and the volunteered to relieve the fever-stricken moment of his life." Now that begun. it was the proudest has been mustered out the Eighth has served, and noble souls had already been mus- But twenty pride is shared by with a most excellent record, his lives had been given up tered out. Twenty young was once of the regiment, and what justice all who know friends that the cause of far from home and success. experiment is now an assured The Great Muster- an and freedom might live forever. Dinner at Tatteksai.l's Spanish Block House OBITUARY. THE HEROES OF THE EIGHTH. WALLACE JOHNSON, GEORGE PATTERSON, Company B. Died, Springfield, 111., August Company F. Accidentally killed himself, Palma, I, 1898. December 1, 1898. JAMES BAKER, FRANK RICHARDS, Company D. Died, New York City, August Company G. Died, San Luis, December 26, 15, 1S98. 1898. PAUL SMITH, SIMON B. PETERS, Company B. Killed on Rousseau's Hill, San Company B. Died, San Luis, January 20, 1899. Luis, August 19, 1898. LAWRENCE MICHEAUX, GEORGE FARRIS, B. Died, San Luis, Company C. Died, San Luis, SeDteniber 14, Company January 21, 1899. 1898. ALONZO PARKS, WILLIS GARRETT, Company F. Died, Palma Soriano, February Company K. Died, San Luis, September 16, 4, 1899. 1898. CHARLES EARLY, BYRON L. LAKEMAN, Company G. Killed by Cuban, Santiago, Feb- Company I. Died, San Luis, October 3, 1S98. ruary 17, 1899. SAMUEL NICKENS, WILLIAM JONES, Company B. Died, San Luis, October 7, 1898. Company A. Died San Luis, February 17, 1899. SYLVESTER JOHNSON, WILLIAM SPARKS, Band. Died, San Luis, October 22, 1898. Company A. Died, San Luis, March 2, 1899. BURT WITHWORTH, BENJAMIN HOLLINS, Company G. Died, San Luis, October 31, 1898. Company L. Died, San Luis, March 2, 1899. WILLIAM THOMAS, JOHN COMBS, Company K. Died, San Luis, November 27, 1898. Company I. Died San Luis, March 11, 1S99.

General Hospital, Santiago Non-Commissioned Officers' Club, Talma .

ROSTER OF STAFF

COLONEL, JOHN R. MARSHALL. LIEUTENANT COLONEL, JAMES H. JOHNSON.

MAJOR, ROBERT R. JACKSON. QUARTERMASTER, JAMES S. NELSON.

MAJOR, FRANKLIN A. DENISON. ASSISTANT SURGEON, JAMES WEBB CURTIS.

MAJOR, ALLEN A. WESLEY. ASSISTANT SURGEON, EDWARD S. MILLER.

ADJUTANT, HARVEY A. THOMPSON. CHAPLAIN, JORDAN CHAVIS.

NON-COMM ISSIONED STAFF

SERGEANT MAJOR, GEORGE L. WHITE. PRINCIPAL MUSICIAN, WILLIAM COOPER. QUARTERMASTER SERGEANT, LINCOLN VALLEY. HOSPITAL STEWARD, CURTIS SOMERVILLE,

CHIEF MUSICIAN, WILLIAM BARNETT. HOSPITAL STEWARD, HARRY S. McCARD. CHIEF TRUMPETER, CHARLES HUNT. HOSPITAL STEWARD, HENRY TURNLEY.

SO

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300-304 Wabash Avenue

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