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Brachychiton Rupestris (T.Mitch
Brachychiton rupestris (T.Mitch. ex Lindl.) K.Schum. Familia: Sterculiaceae (Esterculiáceas), aunque actualmente está incluido en Malvaceae. Sinónimos: Delabechea rupestris T.Mitch. ex Lindl., Sterculia rupestris (T.Mitch. ex Lindl.) Benth. Nombre común: árbol botella. Aspecto general y detalle de las flores en Junio y detalle de los frutos en Agosto Etimología: Brachychiton deriva del griego brachys = corto y chiton = túnica o cubierta, probablemente en alusión a la cubierta externa persistente de las semillas. El epíteto específico rupestris procede del latín rupes,-is = roca, peñasco, seguido del sufijo –estris,-e, que indica lugar de crecimiento, que crece entre rocas, ambiente en el que crece en su lugar de origen. El nombre popular de “árbol bote- lla”, también aplicado a otros árboles, alude a la forma de engrosar el tronco. Procedencia: Este de Australia, en Queensland. Descripción: Árbol caducifolio o semicaducifolio, de 8-10 m de altura en cultivo, con las ramillas glabras y glaucas, la copa densa y globosa y el tronco engrosado en la base, liso, verdoso y teselado de joven, tornándose grisáceo y muy fisurado longitudinalmente con el paso de los años. Hojas juveniles palmati-digitadas o fuertemente lobuladas, con 3-9 folíolos o lóbulos, sésiles, de lineares a linear- lanceolados, de 6-14 x 0,3-1 cm. Pecíolo de 5-15 cm de largo; hojas adultas enteras, oblongo-lineares o lanceoladas, de 5-12 x 0,8-2 cm, con la base truncada, redondeada o cuneada, el margen ligeramen- te crenulado y el ápice acuminado, a veces apiculado; son glabras, de color verde brillante por el haz y más pálidas o glaucas por el envés, con el nervio central marcado en el haz y en el envés. -
Plant Life of Western Australia
INTRODUCTION The characteristic features of the vegetation of Australia I. General Physiography At present the animals and plants of Australia are isolated from the rest of the world, except by way of the Torres Straits to New Guinea and southeast Asia. Even here adverse climatic conditions restrict or make it impossible for migration. Over a long period this isolation has meant that even what was common to the floras of the southern Asiatic Archipelago and Australia has become restricted to small areas. This resulted in an ever increasing divergence. As a consequence, Australia is a true island continent, with its own peculiar flora and fauna. As in southern Africa, Australia is largely an extensive plateau, although at a lower elevation. As in Africa too, the plateau increases gradually in height towards the east, culminating in a high ridge from which the land then drops steeply to a narrow coastal plain crossed by short rivers. On the west coast the plateau is only 00-00 m in height but there is usually an abrupt descent to the narrow coastal region. The plateau drops towards the center, and the major rivers flow into this depression. Fed from the high eastern margin of the plateau, these rivers run through low rainfall areas to the sea. While the tropical northern region is characterized by a wet summer and dry win- ter, the actual amount of rain is determined by additional factors. On the mountainous east coast the rainfall is high, while it diminishes with surprising rapidity towards the interior. Thus in New South Wales, the yearly rainfall at the edge of the plateau and the adjacent coast often reaches over 100 cm. -
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease
Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2016; 6(6): 492-501 492 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apjtd Review article doi: 10.1016/S2222-1808(16)61075-7 ©2016 by the Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease. All rights reserved. Phytochemistry, biological activities and economical uses of the genus Sterculia and the related genera: A reveiw Moshera Mohamed El-Sherei1, Alia Yassin Ragheb2*, Mona El Said Kassem2, Mona Mohamed Marzouk2*, Salwa Ali Mosharrafa2, Nabiel Abdel Megied Saleh2 1Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt 2Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: The genus Sterculia is represented by 200 species which are widespread mainly in tropical and Received 22 Mar 2016 subtropical regions. Some of the Sterculia species are classified under different genera based Received in revised form 5 Apr 2016 on special morphological features. These are Pterygota Schott & Endl., Firmiana Marsili, Accepted 20 May 2016 Brachychiton Schott & Endl., Hildegardia Schott & Endl., Pterocymbium R.Br. and Scaphium Available online 21 Jun 2016 Schott & Endl. The genus Sterculia and the related genera contain mainly flavonoids, whereas terpenoids, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, and other types of compounds including sugars, fatty acids, lignans and lignins are of less distribution. The biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities have Keywords: been reported for several species of the genus. On the other hand, there is confusion on the Sterculia Pterygota systematic position and classification of the genus Sterculia. -
Ecology Assessment Report
Final Report R3 Ecological Assessment Report (flora) Lot 22 WV1510 November 2012 Origin Energy Document Number: Q-4200-15-RP-1025 flora ecological assess ment – Lot 22 WV1510 ecosure.com.au i Table of Contents Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................................. ii Glossary ............................................................................................................................................................... iii 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Purpose and Scope ................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Limitations .................................................................................................................................... 4 2 Site Context ............................................................................................................................................... 5 3 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................ 6 3.1 Assessment Personnel ................................................................................................................ 6 3.2 Study Area .................................................................................................................................. -
Control of Currant Bush (Carissa Ovata) in Developed Brigalow (Acacia Harpophylla) Country
Tropical Grasslands (1998) Volume 32, 259–263 259 Control of currant bush (Carissa ovata) in developed brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) country P.V. BACK can coalesce to cover large areas that signifi- Queensland Beef Industry Institute, Department cantly reduce pasture production. of Primary Industries, Tropical Beef Centre, Ploughing to control brigalow regrowth Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia (Johnson and Back 1974; Scanlan and Anderson 1981) can control currant bush effectively but is very expensive. A more cost-effective treatment is Abstract needed for areas where currant bush dominates in the absence of brigalow regrowth. This paper reports a study designed to test the effectiveness Currant bush (Carissa ovata) is the major native of 6 mechanical methods and 2 herbicide treat- woody weed invading sown buffel grass pastures ments for controlling currant bush in situations in cleared brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) forests where it is the major weed. in Queensland. Stickraking followed by chisel ploughing is a viable alternative to and is more economical than herbicide treatment and blade Materials and methods ploughing for controlling currant bush. Chisel ploughing following stickraking gives good con- Site trol of currant bush with no detrimental effect on existing buffel grass pasture. Stickraking alone is The experiment was carried out on “Tulloch- not sufficient to control currant bush. Ard”, a commercial cattle grazing property 10 km west of Blackwater in central Queensland (23° 33’ S, 148° 44’ E). The original vegetation Introduction comprised a brigalow — blackbutt (Eucalyptus cambageana) scrub with currant bush present in Currant bush (Carissa ovata) is an erect or the understorey, which was cleared and sown to spreading, intricately branched shrub, 1–2 m tall, buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) in 1988. -
South West Queensland QLD Page 1 of 89 21-Jan-11 Species List for NRM Region South West Queensland, Queensland
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations. -
Vascular Plants of Santa Cruz County, California
ANNOTATED CHECKLIST of the VASCULAR PLANTS of SANTA CRUZ COUNTY, CALIFORNIA SECOND EDITION Dylan Neubauer Artwork by Tim Hyland & Maps by Ben Pease CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY, SANTA CRUZ COUNTY CHAPTER Copyright © 2013 by Dylan Neubauer All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without written permission from the author. Design & Production by Dylan Neubauer Artwork by Tim Hyland Maps by Ben Pease, Pease Press Cartography (peasepress.com) Cover photos (Eschscholzia californica & Big Willow Gulch, Swanton) by Dylan Neubauer California Native Plant Society Santa Cruz County Chapter P.O. Box 1622 Santa Cruz, CA 95061 To order, please go to www.cruzcps.org For other correspondence, write to Dylan Neubauer [email protected] ISBN: 978-0-615-85493-9 Printed on recycled paper by Community Printers, Santa Cruz, CA For Tim Forsell, who appreciates the tiny ones ... Nobody sees a flower, really— it is so small— we haven’t time, and to see takes time, like to have a friend takes time. —GEORGIA O’KEEFFE CONTENTS ~ u Acknowledgments / 1 u Santa Cruz County Map / 2–3 u Introduction / 4 u Checklist Conventions / 8 u Floristic Regions Map / 12 u Checklist Format, Checklist Symbols, & Region Codes / 13 u Checklist Lycophytes / 14 Ferns / 14 Gymnosperms / 15 Nymphaeales / 16 Magnoliids / 16 Ceratophyllales / 16 Eudicots / 16 Monocots / 61 u Appendices 1. Listed Taxa / 76 2. Endemic Taxa / 78 3. Taxa Extirpated in County / 79 4. Taxa Not Currently Recognized / 80 5. Undescribed Taxa / 82 6. Most Invasive Non-native Taxa / 83 7. Rejected Taxa / 84 8. Notes / 86 u References / 152 u Index to Families & Genera / 154 u Floristic Regions Map with USGS Quad Overlay / 166 “True science teaches, above all, to doubt and be ignorant.” —MIGUEL DE UNAMUNO 1 ~ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ~ ANY THANKS TO THE GENEROUS DONORS without whom this publication would not M have been possible—and to the numerous individuals, organizations, insti- tutions, and agencies that so willingly gave of their time and expertise. -
Volatile Leaf Oils of Some South-Western and Southern
FLAVOUR AND FRAGRANCE JOURNAL, VOL. 11.95-100 (1996) C. M. BigneU and P. J. Dunlop Department of Chemistry. University of Adelaide, South Australia. 5005, Australia J. J. Brophy Department of Organic Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia J. F. Jackson Department of Viticulture, Oenology and Horticulture, Wai!e Agricultural Research Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia. 5005, Australia The volatile leaf oils of Eucalyptus cylindriflora Maiden and Blakely, E. erythronema Turcz var. erythronema, E. erythronema Turcz var. marginata (Benth.) Domin, E. dielsii C.A. Gardner, E. stricklandii Maiden, E. carnei C.A. Gardner, E. kruseana F. Muell., E. brachyphylla C.A. Gardner, E. ewartiana Maiden, E. orbijolia F. Muell., E. websteriana Maiden, E. crucis Maiden subsp. cruck, E. caesia Benth. subsp. caesia and E. caesia, Benth. subsp. magna Brooker and Hopper, isolated by vacuum distillation, were analysed by GC-MS and by GC. All species contained a-pinene (5.1-49.6%), l$-cineole (4.2-75.1%), p-cymene (0.2-23.5%) and aromadendrene/terpinen-4-ol (0-26.8%) as principal leaf oil components. KEY WORDS Eucalyptus cylindriflora Maiden and Blakely ; Eucalyptus erythronema, Turcz var. erythronema; Eucalyptus erythronema Turcz var. marginata, (Benth.) Domin; Eucalyptus dielsii C.A. Gardner; Eucalyptus stricklandii Maiden; Eucalyptus carnei C.A. Gardner; Eucalyptus kruseana, F. Muell. ; Eucalyptus brachyphylla C. A. Gardner; Eucalyptus ewartiana Maiden; Eucalyptus orbifolia F. Muell; Eucalyptus websteriana Maiden; Eucalyptus crucis Maiden subsp. crucis; Eucalyptus caesia Benth. subsp. caesia; Eucalyptus caesia Benth. subsp. magna, Brooker and Hopper; Myrtaceae; leaf essential oil composition; torquatone; mono- and sesquiterpenoids; GC-MS INTRODUCTION All of these species are native to southern West- em Australia. -
Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team Biological Control of Invasive
Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Biological Control Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the Eastern United States Roy Van Driesche Bernd Blossey Mark Hoddle Suzanne Lyon Richard Reardon Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team—Morgantown, West Virginia United States Forest FHTET-2002-04 Department of Service August 2002 Agriculture BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES Technical Coordinators Roy Van Driesche and Suzanne Lyon Department of Entomology, University of Massachusets, Amherst, MA Bernd Blossey Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY Mark Hoddle Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA Richard Reardon Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, USDA, Forest Service, Morgantown, WV USDA Forest Service Publication FHTET-2002-04 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the authors of the individual chap- We would also like to thank the U.S. Depart- ters for their expertise in reviewing and summariz- ment of Agriculture–Forest Service, Forest Health ing the literature and providing current information Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, West on biological control of the major invasive plants in Virginia, for providing funding for the preparation the Eastern United States. and printing of this publication. G. Keith Douce, David Moorhead, and Charles Additional copies of this publication can be or- Bargeron of the Bugwood Network, University of dered from the Bulletin Distribution Center, Uni- Georgia (Tifton, Ga.), managed and digitized the pho- versity of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, (413) tographs and illustrations used in this publication and 545-2717; or Mark Hoddle, Department of Entomol- produced the CD-ROM accompanying this book. -
I Is the Sunda-Sahul Floristic Exchange Ongoing?
Is the Sunda-Sahul floristic exchange ongoing? A study of distributions, functional traits, climate and landscape genomics to investigate the invasion in Australian rainforests By Jia-Yee Samantha Yap Bachelor of Biotechnology Hons. A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2018 Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation i Abstract Australian rainforests are of mixed biogeographical histories, resulting from the collision between Sahul (Australia) and Sunda shelves that led to extensive immigration of rainforest lineages with Sunda ancestry to Australia. Although comprehensive fossil records and molecular phylogenies distinguish between the Sunda and Sahul floristic elements, species distributions, functional traits or landscape dynamics have not been used to distinguish between the two elements in the Australian rainforest flora. The overall aim of this study was to investigate both Sunda and Sahul components in the Australian rainforest flora by (1) exploring their continental-wide distributional patterns and observing how functional characteristics and environmental preferences determine these patterns, (2) investigating continental-wide genomic diversities and distances of multiple species and measuring local species accumulation rates across multiple sites to observe whether past biotic exchange left detectable and consistent patterns in the rainforest flora, (3) coupling genomic data and species distribution models of lineages of known Sunda and Sahul ancestry to examine landscape-level dynamics and habitat preferences to relate to the impact of historical processes. First, the continental distributions of rainforest woody representatives that could be ascribed to Sahul (795 species) and Sunda origins (604 species) and their dispersal and persistence characteristics and key functional characteristics (leaf size, fruit size, wood density and maximum height at maturity) of were compared. -
Defining and Mapping Rare Vegetation Communities: Improving Techniques to Assist Land-Use Planning and Conservation
Defining and mapping rare vegetation communities: improving techniques to assist land-use planning and conservation Stephen A. J. Bell BSc. (Hons) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Environmental and Life Sciences The University of Newcastle February 2013 Declaration Statement of Originality This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. I give consent to this copy of my thesis, when deposited in the University Library, being made available for loan and photocopying subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Statement of Collaboration I hereby certify that the concepts embodied in Chapter 2 of this thesis have been done in collaboration with a fellow researcher at this university. I have included as part of the thesis in Chapter 2 a statement clearly outlining the extent of collaboration with whom and under what auspices. Stephen A. J. Bell Preface “The vegetated landscape …. on first appearance presents a bewildering display of living matter, a higgledy-piggledy mass of trunks, leaves, branches, shrubs and grasses seemingly without form. The more observant may notice that the higgledy-piggledy mass varies from one place to another, that in some places there are trees as tall as large buildings while in other places there are no trees at all …. By the application of a systematic approach to viewing vegetation the bewildering display of plant life can take on new meaning thus altering one’s perception of what is being seen .… Suddenly the jumble of plant life reveals structures and beauties probably hitherto unseen”. -
Nuytsia the Journal of the Western Australian Herbarium 22(6): 409–454 Published Online 18 December 2012
D. Nicolle & M.E. French, A revision of Eucalyptus ser. Falcatae from south-western Australia 409 Nuytsia The journal of the Western Australian Herbarium 22(6): 409–454 Published online 18 December 2012 A revision of Eucalyptus ser. Falcatae (Myrtaceae) from south-western Australia, including the description of new taxa and comments on the probable hybrid origin of E. balanites, E. balanopelex and E. phylacis Dean Nicolle1,3 and Malcolm E. French2 1Currency Creek Arboretum, PO Box 808, Melrose Park, South Australia 5039 229 Stonesfield Court, Padbury, Western Australia 6025 3Corresponding author, email: [email protected] Abstract Nicolle, D. & French, M.E. A revision of Eucalyptus ser. Falcatae (Myrtaceae) from south-western Australia, including the description of new taxa and comments on the probable hybrid origin of E. balanites, E. balanopelex and E. phylacis. Nuytsia 22(6): 409–454 (2012). Twenty terminal taxa (including 18 species) are recognised in Eucalyptus ser. Falcatae. Brooker & Hopper. We include the monotypic E. ser. Cooperianae L.A.S.Johnson ex Brooker (E. cooperiana F.Muell.) in the series. The new species E. annettae D.Nicolle & M.E.French and E. opimiflora D.Nicolle & M.E.French and the new subspecies E. goniantha Turcz. subsp. kynoura D.Nicolle & M.E.French are described. New combinations made are E. adesmophloia (Brooker & Hopper) D.Nicolle & M.E.French, E. ecostata (Maiden) D.Nicolle & M.E.French and E. notactites (L.A.S.Johnson & K.D.Hill) D.Nicolle & M.E.French. The circumscription of some taxa is significantly modified from previous accounts, including that of E.