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Journal of Tourism & Adventure ISSN 2645-8683 Journal of Tourism & Adventure Vol. 1 No. 1 Year 2018 Editor-in-Chief Prof. Ramesh Raj Kunwar Janapriya Multiple Campus (JMC) (Affi liated to Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal) Aims and scope Journal of Tourism & Adventure (JTA) is an annual double blind peer-reviewed journal launched by the Tribhuvan University, Janapriya Multiple Campus, Pokhara, Nepal. Th is journal welcomes original academic and applied research including multi- and interdisciplinary approaches focusing on various fi elds of tourism and adventure. Th e purpose of this journal is to disseminate the knowledge and ideas of tourism and hospitality in general and adventure in particular to the students, researchers, journalists, policy makers, planners, entrepreneurs and other general readers. It is high time to make this eff ort for tourism innovation and development. It is believed that this knowledge based platform will make the industry and the institutions stronger. Call for papers Th e journal welcomes the following topics: tourism, mountain tourism and mountaineering tourism, risk management, safety and security, tourism and natural disaster, accident, injuries, medicine and rescue, cultural heritage tourism, festival tourism, pilgrimage tourism, rural tourism, village tourism, urban tourism, geo-tourism, paper on extreme adventure tourism activities, ecotourism, environmental tourism, hospitality, event tourism, voluntourism, sustainable tourism, wildlife tourism, dark tourism, nostalgia tourism, tourism planning, destination development, tourism marketing, human resource management, adventure tourism education, tourism and research methodology, guiding profession, tourism, confl ict and peace and remaining other areas of sea, air and land based adventure tourism research. We welcome submissions of research paper on annual bases by the end of June for 2nd issue of this journal onward. In one issue, there will be minimum fi ve research articles, research notes and book reviews. Every year the journal will be published by the end of the following year. Th e article will be under the author(s). Whoever is willing to contribute he/she/they should not pay any currency for publishing their papers in this journal. Almost the research based journals which are published from Nepal will go to www.nepjol.info. All academic correspondence should be addressed to the Editor-in-Chief. Th e Editor-in-Chief will give the fi nal decision whether to publish the article or not. Th e native author(s) will get three hard copies. Peer review statement All research articles and research notes in this journal have undergone rigorous peer review, including editor screening and a double-blind evaluation process by two anonymous referees. Instructions for authors Journal of Tourism & Adventure is an international, peer-reviewed journal publishing high-quality, original research. Please see the journal’s Aims & Scope for information about its focus and peer-review policy. Please note that this journal only publishes manuscripts in English (use either British or American spelling consistently). Journal of Tourism & Adventure accepts the following types of article: Original research articles, research notes and book reviews. Structure Th e articles and research notes should be compiled in the following order: title page; author’s introduction; abstract; keywords (maximum fi ve); main text introduction, review of literature, research methodology, fi ndings, discussion; acknowledgments; declaration of interest statement; references; table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages) and fi gure(s). Word Limits A typical paper for this journal should be minimum 4,500 and maximum 10,000 words, inclusive of tables, references, fi gure captions. Above 6,000 words will be highly appreciable. Abstracts should be no more than 300 words. A Research Note and a Book Review should not be exceeding 3,000 words inclusive of two to three relevant references. Journal of Tourism & Adventure Vol. 1 No. 1 Year 2018 Editor-in-Chief Prof. Ramesh Raj Kunwar Editorial Board Members Prof. Eugenia Wickens (University of Utara, Malaysia (UUM), UK), Dr. Wendey Sealy (University of Chichester, UK), Associate Prof. Michal Apollo (Pedagogical University of Cracow, Poland), Associate Prof. Gill Pomfret (Sheffi eld Hallam University, UK), Prof. Peter Justin Varley (Western Norway University of Applied Science, Norway), Associate Prof. Razaq Raj (Leeds Beckett University, UK), Prof. Maxmilliano Korstanje (University of Palermo, Argentina), Dr. Peter E. Tarlow (Tourism & More Inc. (T&M), USA), Prof. Carlos Costa (University of Aviero, Portugal), Prof. Ghazali Musa (University of Malaya, Malaysia), Prof. Bikash KC (Prithvi Narayan Campus, Nepal), Associate Prof. Prakash Upadhyaya (Prithvi Narayan Campus, Nepal), Associate Prof. Carl Cater (Swansea University, UK), Associate Prof. Tang Yong (Chengdu University of Technology, China), Prof. Ruhet Genç (Turkish-German University, Turkey), Associate Prof. Han Guosheng (Shandong University, China), Dr. Chandra Prasad Rijal (Nepal), Prof. Harold Richins (Thompson Rivers University, Canada), Prof. David Simmons (Lincoln University, New Zealand), Prof. David P. Chan (The Chinese University of Hong Kong Business School, China, Hong Kong), Prof. Gyan Nyaupane (Arizona State University, USA), Dr. Yana Wengel (Leeds Beckett University, UK). Chief Executive Advisor Biranji Gautam Janapriya Multiple Campus (JMC) Pokhara 08, Simalchaur, Kaski, Nepal Tel : +977-61-522287/531822 Email : offi [email protected] Editorial Note Articles, research notes and book reviews in the journal represent neither the views of the concerned publishers nor those of editorial board. Responsibility for opinions expressed and for the accuracy of the facts published in the articles or reviews are solely with the individual authors. Th e copyrights will go under the author(s). Correspondence Address Prof. Ramesh Raj Kunwar Editor-in-Chief [email protected] Publisher Journal of Tourism & Adventure Janapriya Multiple Campus (JMC) Pokhara 08, Simalchaur, Kaski, Nepal Tel : +977-61-522287/531822 Email : offi [email protected] ISSN 2645-8683 Journal of Tourism & Adventure Vol. 1 No. 1 Year 2018 CONTENTS Pranil Kumar Upadhayaya 1 Sustainable Management of Trekking Trails for the Adventure Tourism in Mountains: A Study of Nepal’s Great Himalaya Trails Rup Kumar Chhetri 32 Tourism and Security in Nepal Chandramani Aryal 48 Assessment of Ecotourism Potential Kishor Kumar Maharjan of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Eastern Nepal Kirpa Ram Bishwakarma 68 Potentialities and Promotion of Yasoda Basnet Tourism in Dailekh District, Nepal Ruhet Genç 97 Catastrophe of Environment: The Impact of Natural Disasters on Tourism Industry Yana Wengel 106 Discourses of Volunteer Farm Tourism in Nepal: A Methodological Approach to World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms Ishwar Khatri 117 New Trends in Adventure Tourism: A Lesson from 6th International Adventure Conference, 30 January- 2 February 2018, Segovia, Spain Journal of Tourism & Adventure 1:1 (2018) 1-31 Journal of Tourism & Adventure Sustainable Management of Trekking Trails for the Adventure Tourism in Mountains: A Study of Nepal’s Great Himalaya Trails Pranil Kumar Upadhayaya Tourism Research and Development Consultant [email protected] Article Abstract Received 23 July 2018 Revised 5 August 2018 Th e existing body of knowledge in tourism reveals that the Accepted 1 October 2018 trekking trails have global appeal and vast potentials to be established and developed as adventure tourism products cum destinations in world mountain regions. Th e adventure tourism is as one of the fastest growing sub-sectors of tourism. Today the world’s trail systems play a signifi cant role in adventure tourism for its rapid growth. Such a trend inevitably necessitates a clear guideline (the formulation and application of sustainable trail management approach) not only for establishing trails heritage Keywords as safe, quality accredited (audited) and branded products Great Himalaya but also for meeting trail development and maintenance trails, trail international standards and best practices. Th rough the review standard of the literatures on trails and trails management for adventure guidelines, trail tourism, participation in the Trail Standards Guidelines (TSG) accreditation, formulation process for the Great Himalaya Trails (GHT) of trekking tourism Nepal and assessment of Nepal’s trail sites as GHT certifi ed trail auditor by the author; this paper argues that sustainable trail management is trail destination specifi c innovative approach. It should be understood and applied through the interaction of local practices with global knowledge and best practices. Th ere is pressing need of clear guidelines at trail destinations. Such guidelines can be easy reference for shared engagements and Corresponding Editor benefi ts of trail communities and enlightening experience of Ramesh Raj Kunwar [email protected] trails users. Th e discussion concludes with the case study of Copyright © 2018 Author Published by: Janapriya Multiple Campus (JMC), Pokhara, Tribhuvan University, Nepal ISSN 2645-8683 2 Journal of Tourism & Adventure 1 (2018) 1-31 GHT as an emerging brand for adventure tourism identity of Nepal. GHT strives for sustained and benefi cial tourism management system through eff ective implementation of the TSG by the means of integrated approach. Introduction Th e research evidences for adventure tourism reveals that it has accelerated a discernible
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