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Biology for Queensland BIOLOGY FOR QUEENSLAND AN AUSTRALIAN PERSPECTIVE UNITS LORRAINE HUXLEY MARGARET WALTER SERIES CONSULTANT 3 & 4 ROBYN FLEXMAN SAMPLE CHAPTER UNCORRECTED PAGE PROOFS To access a sample of the additional digital resources and teacher materials that support this series, visit: www.oup.com.au/ sampledigital For more information, or to book an appointment with your local sales consultant, contact: Tegan Hooper Email: [email protected] Mobile: 0456 655 441 Melissa Wearne Email: [email protected] Mobile: 0447 557 931 AN AUSTRALIAN PERSPECTIVE BIOLOGY FOR QUEENSLAND UNITS 3 & 4 LORRAINE HUXLEY MARGARET WALTER SERIES CONSULTANT ROBYN FLEXMAN DRAFT 1 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries. CONTENTS Published in Australia by Oxford University Press Level 8, 737 Bourke Street, Docklands, Victoria 3008, Australia. © Lorraine Huxley, Margaret Walter Using Biology for Queensland: An Australian 3.6 Identifying features in terrestrial The moral rights of the authors have been asserted Perspective Units 3 & 4 ����������������������������������������������� VI ecosystems ��������������������������������������������������������XXX First published 2020 3rd Edition Acknowledgements ����������������������������������������������������� X 3.7 Biodiversity in ecosystems ����������������������������XXX All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, 3.8 Measuring features of an in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence, or under terms agreed with the reprographics rights organisation. Enquiries Chapter 1 - Biology toolkit �������������XXX ecosystem ����������������������������������������������������������XXX concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above. 1.1 Year 12 assessment ����������������������������������������XXX 3.9 Ecosystem management ��������������������������������XXX You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. 1.2 Student experiments ��������������������������������������XXX 3.10 Science as a human endeavour: 1.3 Research investigations ���������������������������������XXX Old-growth forests ����������������������������������������XXX A catalogue record for this book is available from the 1.2 Exam preparation ���������������������������������������������XXX Chapter 3 review �����������������������������������������������������XXX National Library of Australia Chapter 1 review �����������������������������������������������������XXX Chapter 4 - Functioning ISBN 9780190313548 ecosystems ����������������������������������������XXX Reproduction and communication for educational purposes The Australian Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) allows a maximum of one chapter Unit 3 - Biodiversity and 4.1 Energy in ecosystems �������������������������������������XXX or 10% of the pages of this work, whichever is the greater, to be reproduced and/or communicated by any educational institution for its educational purposes the interconnectedness 4.2 Ecological pyramids �����������������������������������������XXX provided that the educational institution (or the body that administers it) has 4.3 Biogeochemical cycles ������������������������������������XXX given a remuneration notice to Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) under the Act. of life .............................................XXX For details of the CAL licence for educational institutions contact: 4.4 Science as a human endeavour: Copyright Agency Limited Chapter 2 - Biodiversity ������������������XXX Keystone species ���������������������������������������������XXX Level 11, 66 Goulburn Street Sydney NSW 2000 2.1 Living things and their environments ���������XXX Chapter 4 review �����������������������������������������������������XXX Telephone: (02) 9394 7600 Facsimile: (02) 9394 7601 2.2 Making sense of the diversity of life Chapter 5 - Populations �����������������XXX Email: [email protected] forms ��������������������������������������������������������������������XXX Edited by Joely Taylor 5.1 Distribution and abundance ���������������������������XXX 2.3 T he basis of the Linnaean biological Typeset by Newgen KnowledgeWords Pty. Ltd., Chennai, India Proofread by XXXXX classification �����������������������������������������������������XXX 5.2 Population growth ��������������������������������������������XXX Indexed by XXXXX Printed in XXXXX 2.4 Defining a species ��������������������������������������������XXX 5.3 Population growth strategies �����������������������XXX Disclaimer 2.5 Features used in classification ���������������������XXX 5.4 Density dependant factors ����������������������������XXX Indigenous Australians and Torres Strait Islanders are advised that this publication may include images or names of people now deceased. 2.6 Cladistics - an alternative system of 5.5 Carrying capacity ���������������������������������������������XXX Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only. classification ������������������������������������������������������XXX Chapter 5 review �����������������������������������������������������XXX Oxford disclaims any responsibility for the materials contained in any third party website referenced in this work. DRAFT 2.7 Identification keys ��������������������������������������������XXX Chapter 6 - Changes in Chapter 2 review �����������������������������������������������������XXX ecosystems ����������������������������������������XXX Chapter 3 - Biological interactions 6.1 Interactions between natural ����������������������������������������������������������������XXX ecosystems ��������������������������������������������������������XXX 3.1 Defining an ecosystem �����������������������������������XXX 6.2 Changes in natural communities ������������������XXX 3.2 Abiotic environmental factors ����������������������XXX 6.3 Ecosystem changes in the past �������������������XXX 3.3 Biotic environmental factors �������������������������XXX 6.4 Human impact on biodiversity ����������������������XXX 3.4 Classifying ecosystems ����������������������������������XXX Chapter 6 review �����������������������������������������������������XXX 3.5 Identifying features in aquatic ecosystems ��������������������������������������������������������XXX Unit 4 - Heredity and the 11.3 Sex-linked inheritance ����������������������������������XXX 15.5 Macroevolution �����������������������������������������������XXX Mandatory practical - Appraisal of an Chapter 11 review ��������������������������������������������������XXX 15.6 Science as a human endeavour: ecological surveying technique ���������������������������XXX continuity of life .........................XXX The evolution of humans �����������������������������XXX Mandatory practical - Changes in the gene Chapter 12 - Biotechnology pool due to selection pressure �����������������������������XXX Chapter 7 - DNA structure and Chapter 15 review ��������������������������������������������������XXX ����������������������������������������������������������������XXX Unit 3 Practice exam ����������������������������������������������XXX replication �������������������������������������������XXX 12.1 The scope of biotechnology �����������������������XXX Chapter 16 - Practical manual ������XXX Unit 4 Practice exam ����������������������������������������������XXX 7.1 The chemical structure of nucleic acids �����XXX 12.2 Recombinant DNA technology �������������������XXX Mandatory practical - Analysing 7.2 The chemical structure of DNA ���������������������XXX vegetation patterns using a transect line ��������XXX 12.3 Sc ience as a human endeavour: Glossary �������������������������������������������������������������������XXX 7.3 Science as a human endeavour: The Transgenic organisms �����������������������������������XXX Mandatory practical - Stratified sampling Index �������������������������������������������������������������������������XXX development of the double helix model �����XXX of vegetation patterns �������������������������������������������XXX 12.4 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ���������������XXX Appendix ������������������������������������������������������������������XXX 7.4 Replication of DNA ��������������������������������������������XXX 12.5 DNA sequencing ���������������������������������������������XXX Chapter 7 review �����������������������������������������������������XXX 12.6 Science as a human endeavour: Chapter 8 - Cellular replication and The Human Genome Project �����������������������XXX variation ����������������������������������������������XXX Chapter 12 review ��������������������������������������������������XXX 8.1 Cell division and replication ���������������������������XXX Chapter 13 - The concept of 8.2 Gametogenesis �������������������������������������������������XXX evolution ���������������������������������������������XXX 8.3 Genes, alleles, gene linkage and variation �XXX 13.1 The development of the theory 8.4 Science as a human endeavour: Technologies of evolution ������������������������������������������������������XXX used to detect problems in embryos
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