DOCSLIB.ORG

Einleitung. I

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

DIE VOKALE DER TONSILBEN IM CODEX WINTONIENSIS. Einleitung. i. In den angelsächsischen Urkunden liegt ein ausgedehntes material verborgen, das bis jetzt seitens der Sprachforscher nur teilweise beachtung gefunden hat. Der grund hiervon ist gewiss in der beschaffenheit dieses materials zu suchen. Nur verhältnismässig wenige jener Urkunden sind uns im original erhalten, weitaus die meisten in Sammelhandschriften auf uns gekommen, die erst nach der normannischen eroberung ent- standen, und demgemäss nur mehr oder weniger sorgfältige kopien älterer dokumente aus der angelsächsischen zeit bringen. Gerade in solchen Schriftstücken könnte der eine oder der andere versucht sein, ein für sprachliche zwecke sehr unzu- längliches material zu finden. Aber wenn wir das auch zu- geben möchten, selbst dann kann es keinem zweifei unterliegen, dass es bei dem heutigen fortgeschrittenen stand der Sprach- wissenschaft erforderlich wird, auch das anscheinend minder- wertigste material einer genauen betrachtung zu unterziehen. Es ist sicher, dass hierbei manche interessante einzelheit zu retten ist, die sonst spurlos verschwinden würde. Von diesem Standpunkt ausgehend befasst sich vorliegende arbeit mit einer sammelhandschrift obenangedeuteter art, nämlich dem Addi- tional Manuskript 15350, dem sog. Codex Wintoniensis im Britischen Museum. Folgende beschreibuug dieses Ms., die der List of Additions to the Department of Manuscripts 1845 ent- nommen ist, verdanke ich der gute von herrn F. G. Kenyon vom Britischen Museum: "Ancient Cartulary of the Priory of St. Swithin, Winchester, containing a large collection of royal Auglia. N.F. XILL 26 Brought to you by | New York University Bobst Library Technical Services Authenticated Download Date | 5/19/15 5:47 PM 394 R. A. WILLIAMS, and other charters, in Anglo-Saxon and Latin, from the reign of Ceadwalla of Wessex, A. D. 668, to the reign of Edward the Confessor, A. D. 1046; with the addition of a few others of later date, granted by William I, Stephen and Henry I. The volume is very finely written throughout, with ornamental initial letters, and was probably compiled in the time of Henry de Blois, Bishop of Winchester (brother of King Stephen) between the years 1130—1150." Die in diesem cartularium enthaltenen Urkunden, abgesehen von den nach der regierungs- zeit Eadwards des Bekenners entstandenen, finden sich abge- druckt in folgenden zwei werken, die ich meiner arbeit zu gründe gelegt habe: W. de Gray Birch, Cartularium Saxonicum. 3 Bde. London 1885—1893 und J. M. Kemble, Codex Diplo- maticus Aevi Saxonici. 6 Bde. London, 1839—1848. Das Cart. Sax. bringt eine diplomatisch genaue wiedergäbe der texte, reicht aber leider nur bis zum jähre 975 herunter. Für die nach diesem jähre datierten Urkunden war ich daher auf das Kemble'sche werk angewiesen. Kemble ist seinem material gegenüber freier verfahren als de Gray Birch. Nach eigener angäbe hat er versucht, den text aller nicht im original vor- liegenden Urkunden zu normalisieren (cf. Cod. Dip. I Einl. s. cxiv). Dass er jedoch hierin nicht sehr weit gegangen ist, wenigstens was Add. Ms. 15350 anbelangt, beweist ein ver- gleich der Urkunden vor 975 mit denselben in der gestalt, wie sie sich bei de Gray Birch finden. Er hat die hand- schriftlichen akzente weggelassen und eigene zur bezeichnung der vokallänge eingeführt. Ferner rückt er komposita zu- sammen, die im Codex vom Schreiber auseinander gehalten sind, verbessert offenkundige Schreibfehler, liest gewöhnlich JEöel oder JElt statt Aöel bezw. Eöel oder Alf bezw. Elf, und ähnliches. 9 Solche kleinigkeiten jedoch sind von wenigem J) Zur veranschaulichung seien hier die ergebnisse eines Vergleiches der texte von etlichen Urkunden bei den beiden herausgebern beigegeben. Ich hebe nur wichtigeres hervor. (Die zahlen beziehen sich auf die num- mern bei Birch. Bei jedem beispiel setze ich die form des wortes bei de G. B. voran.) 27 witan wyrÖe — pitan wyrfie; ende — cende; pes pwyres — der pwyres; landsccere — landscecere; Cynevvalc — Cyneuudlc; Ceolof—Ceolue; Vnwana — Unuuana; Lvtting — Lutttng; Vibatä — Uibald. 102. ford (adv.) — ford; inon — in on; Foriheres — Fordere*. 158. Fridogyda — Brought to you by | New York University Bobst Library Technical Services Authenticated Download Date | 5/19/15 5:47 PM DIE VOKALE DEB TONSILBEN IM CODEX WINTONIENSIS. 395 belang und ich glaube seinen text als im wesentlichen zu- verlässig ansehen zu können. In vorliegender arbeit soll versucht werden, das im Codex Wintoniensis vorhandene material zwecks einer darstellung der lautverhältnisse der tonsilben mit möglichster Vollständig- keit heranzuziehen. Ich will dabei in erster linie präzisieren, inwieweit die angelsächsische Urkundensprache in der form, in der sie uns grösstenteils überliefert ist, für solche zwecke ausreicht. Daneben kommt es darauf an, die einheitlichkeit des dialekts, sowohl zeitlich wie örtlich, und sein Verhältnis zum Früh- und Spätws. zu prüfen. Da die Überlieferung nicht direkt ist, wird es auch erforderlich, solche späte formen, die die Schreiber aus ihrer eigenen spräche eingestreut haben Fridogyda; Uping ford — Ucingford; more — mor; widig siede — widig- slede; widig leagate — widiglea gate; bceriht gemoere — bce rihtgemc&re; gyrd weg — gyrdweg; ceceras — ceceras; gata forÖ — gataford; Fry do- gydce — Frydogydce. 594. Ueberschrift To Hyssebuman bei K. wegge- lassen. Alfred — Alfred; Orferd— Osferd; ge erian— ge-erian; gerawan — gesawan; gauol bcerer — gauolbceres; and hiora agenre [hjwile — on hiora agenre hwile; eala sceapan — eald sceapan; and (Schreibfehler) — an; ganddagan — Gangdagan; lang gemero — landgemero; bitan cnolle — bican cnolle; wiwindlan — piwindlan; Off erb — OsferÖ. 595. Adelwulf — JEdelwulf; Wulhere — Wulf here; dissa — dissa; Beorstan — Beornstan; JEdelferd — ^delferd; Ocea — Occa. 599. ared — aned (fehlerhafte Verbesserung! ared = praet. zu arcbdan); agyfed — agyfed; to hynÖ — to hyrd; fol — folc; dara — Öara; standad — standaÖ; acennesse — acen- nfednjesse; ^Kdelstan — &delstan. 605. crinig — einig; Denulfe — Deneulfe; stc&nne — st&nnene; slapern — sl&pern; twodoelanne — to- dcblanne; Donne is Öis se eaca — Donne is Öisse eaca; beodcern — be· orÖcern; suöstrete — suÖstrckte; das simbganges — OCRS imbganges; driu — priu; EadwearÖ — Eadweard; DeormoÖ — Deormod; Adelstan — jfäÖelstan. 611. Epelweard — JEdelweard; Osferd — OsferÖ; Byrhnelm — Byrnhelm; Wühbord — Widbord; Elfred — Alfred; Elfstan — JElfstan; Eperic — ^Eöeric. 948. Eadgi — Eadwi; Eadvvig — Eaduuig; heow wah — heoppah; Alfwold — ^Elfwold; j&Öelgeard — ^EÖelgeard; Byrhtferd — ByrhtferÖ. 959. AÖehvold — ^EÖehvold; well pitt — welwill; wettpyttcB — welwyttce; wrostlan wyl —prostlan wyl; genesporn — genes porn; scypeladces pyllce — Scypeladaes wyllce; of pam pyllce on mer pyll of pain pyüce — of Öam wyllce on merwytt of 0am wyllce; well pyll — wellwyll; Alfwold — Alfwold; Byrhtfert — Byrhtferd; ByrhferÖ — Byrhtferd. 26* Brought to you by | New York University Bobst Library Technical Services Authenticated Download Date | 5/19/15 5:47 PM 396 E. A. WILLIAMS, können, sorgfältig auszuscheiden, um so ein reineres bild der ursprünglichen Verhältnisse zu gewinnen. Diese letzte auf- gäbe wird dadurch einigermassen erleichtert, dass einige von den Originalurkunden, die bei der herstellung des Codex Win- toniensis wahrscheinlich benützt wurden, uns noch erhalten sind, obwohl leider in sehr geringer zahl. Diese müssen dann natürlich zur vergleichung sorgfältig herangezogen werden. m. Die direkte vorläge des Codex Wintoniensis ist eine an- dere handschrift ähnlicher art gewesen; d. h. seine Schreiber haben nicht etwa die im Cod. enthaltenen Urkunden zusammen- gestellt und so zu sagen redigiert, sondern sie haben eine schon fertige Sammlung vor sich gehabt, die sie einfach abgeschrieben haben. Dies geht aus folgenden erwägungen klar hervor: ein teil des Cod. sticht vermöge eines besonderen merkmals vom rest der hs. deutlich ab. Dieses merkmal besteht nämlich in der überaus häufigen anwendung der ligatur ce, nicht nur in ton- sondern auch in unbetonten silben, an stellen, wo nach der gewöhnlichen regel nur e berechtigt ist. Allein durch die regelmässigkeit, womit in allen ein e enthaltenden flexions- endungen und mittelsilben, sowie in den unbetonten prokli- tischen partikeln wie be, de, ge etc., dieses ce für e wieder- kehrt, kann man diesen teil der hs. mit der grössten leichtigkeit vom rest des Codex absondern. Wir könnten also vermuten wollen, dass der besagte abschnitt nicht von demselben Schreiber herrühre wie die übrigen teile, mit anderen worten, dass er von einer anderen hand geschrieben sei. Dies ist jedoch nicht der fall. Wie ich von meinem gewährsmann erfahre, ist am anfang dieses teils des Codex kein Wechsel in der hand des Schreibers erkennbar. Sowohl dieser teil wie der vorher- gehende rührt also von ein und demselben Schreiber her. Es ist jedoch nicht möglich, dass dieser Schreiber, als er am anfang des in betracht kommenden abschnitts angelangt war, alle seine gepflogenheiten bezüglich die Setzung von ce und e plötzlich umänderte, wir müssen vielmehr annehmen, dass er eine vorläge vor sich hatte, worin der entsprechende teil schon diese Verschiedenheit aufwies, folglich, dass diese vorläge von mehreren Schreibern herrührte, deren eigentümlichkeiten in der späteren abschrift entweder mit absieht oder durch gleich- Brought to you by | New York University Bobst Library Technical Services Authenticated Download Date | 5/19/15 5:47 PM DIB VOKALE DER TONSILBEN IM CODEX WINTONIEN8IS. 397 giltigkeit bewahrt wurden. Wir
Recommended publications
  • Early Medieval Oxfordshire

    Early Medieval Oxfordshire

    Anglo-Saxon Oxfordshire Sally Crawford and Anne Dodd, December 2007 1. Introduction: nature of the evidence, history of research and the role of material culture Anglo-Saxon Oxfordshire has been extremely well served by archaeological research, not least because of coincidence of Oxfordshire’s diverse underlying geology and the presence of the University of Oxford. Successive generations of geologists at Oxford studied and analysed the landscape of Oxfordshire, and in so doing, laid the foundations for the new discipline of archaeology. As early as 1677, geologist Robert Plot had published his The Natural History of Oxfordshire ; William Smith (1769- 1839), who was born in Churchill, Oxfordshire, determined the law of superposition of strata, and in so doing formulated the principles of stratigraphy used by archaeologists and geologists alike; and William Buckland (1784-1856) conducted experimental archaeology on mammoth bones, and recognised the first human prehistoric skeleton. Antiquarian interest in Oxfordshire lead to a number of significant discoveries: John Akerman and Stephen Stone's researches in the gravels at Standlake recorded Anglo-Saxon graves, and Stone also recognised and plotted cropmarks in his local area from the back of his horse (Akerman and Stone 1858; Stone 1859; Brown 1973). Although Oxford did not have an undergraduate degree in Archaeology until the 1990s, the Oxford University Archaeological Society, originally the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, was founded in the 1890s, and was responsible for a large number of small but significant excavations in and around Oxfordshire as well as providing a training ground for many British archaeologists. Pioneering work in aerial photography was carried out on the Oxfordshire gravels by Major Allen in the 1930s, and Edwin Thurlow Leeds, based at the Ashmolean Museum, carried out excavations at Sutton Courtenay, identifying Anglo-Saxon settlement in the 1920s, and at Abingdon, identifying a major early Anglo-Saxon cemetery (Leeds 1923, 1927, 1947; Leeds 1936).
  • Deadly Hostility: Feud, Violence, and Power in Early Anglo-Saxon England

    Deadly Hostility: Feud, Violence, and Power in Early Anglo-Saxon England

    Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 6-2017 Deadly Hostility: Feud, Violence, and Power in Early Anglo-Saxon England David DiTucci Western Michigan University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation DiTucci, David, "Deadly Hostility: Feud, Violence, and Power in Early Anglo-Saxon England" (2017). Dissertations. 3138. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/3138 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DEADLY HOSTILITY: FEUD, VIOLENCE, AND POWER IN EARLY ANGLO-SAXON ENGLAND by David DiTucci A dissertation submitted to the Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy History Western Michigan University June 2017 Doctoral Committee: Robert F. Berkhofer III, Ph.D., Chair Jana Schulman, Ph.D. James Palmitessa, Ph.D. E. Rozanne Elder, Ph.D. DEADLY HOSTILITY: FEUD, VIOLENCE, AND POWER IN EARLY ANGLO-SAXON ENGLAND David DiTucci, Ph.D. Western Michigan University, 2017 This dissertation examines the existence and political relevance of feud in Anglo-Saxon England from the fifth century migration to the opening of the Viking Age in 793. The central argument is that feud was a method that Anglo-Saxons used to understand and settle conflict, and that it was a tool kings used to enhance their power. The first part of this study examines the use of fæhð in Old English documents, including laws and Beowulf, to demonstrate that fæhð referred to feuds between parties marked by reciprocal acts of retaliation.
  • Lista De Nombres Del Responsable O Responsables De La Selfxción Conservadora Y Autoridad Que Dispone De La Lista De Nombres De Dichos Responsables

    Lista De Nombres Del Responsable O Responsables De La Selfxción Conservadora Y Autoridad Que Dispone De La Lista De Nombres De Dichos Responsables

    LISTA DE NOMBRES DEL RESPONSABLE O RESPONSABLES DE LA SELFXCIÓN CONSERVADORA Y AUTORIDAD QUE DISPONE DE LA LISTA DE NOMBRES DE DICHOS RESPONSABLES LISTE OVER NAVNE PÀ DEN ELLER DE PERSONER, SOM ER ANSVARLIGE FOR VEDLIGEHOLDELSESAVL, OG DEN MYNDIGHED, HOS HVILKEN LISTEN BEROR LISTE DER NAMEN DES ODICR DER VERANTWORTLICHEN FUR DIE ERHALTUNGSZOCHTUNG UND DIE STELLE, DER DIE LISTE DER NAMEN DIESER VERANTWORTLICHEN VORLIEGT KATAAOrOE TON ONOMATON TOY H TON YnEYeYNftN HA THN KAAAIEPrEIA HA TH AIATHPHEH KAI BEATIftEH TON EIAftN, KAI THE APXHE nOY EXEI TON KATAAOIX) TON ONOMATftN TftN YnEYOYNftN AYTON LIST OF NAMES OF THE PERSON OR PERSONS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTENANCE BREEDING, AND THE AUTHORITY HOLDING THE LIST OF NAMES OF SUCH PERSONS LISTE DES NOMS DU OU DES RESPONSABLES DE LA SÉLECTION CONSERVATRICE ET AUTORITÉ DISPOSANT DE LA LISTE DES NOMS DE CES RESPONSABLES LISTA DEI NOMI DEL O DEI RESPONSABILI DELLA SELEZIONE CONSERVATRICE E NOME DELL'AUTORITÀ CHE DISPONE DELLA LISTA DEI NOMI DI QUESTI RESPONSABILI LIJST VAN NAMEN VAN DEGENE OF DEGENEN DIE VERANTWOORDELIJK ZIJN VOOR DE INSTANDHOUDING EN DE INSTANTIE DIE BESCHIKT OVER DE LIJST VAN NAMEN VAN DEGENEN DIE VERANTWOORDELIJK ZIJN LISTA DOS NOMES DO OU DOS RESPONSÀVEIS DA SELECCÀO DE MANUTENCÀO E AUTORIDADE QUE DISPÓE DA LISTA DOS NOMES DESTES RESPONSÀVEIS 229 I REINO DE BÈLGICA / KONGERIGET BELGIEN / KÒNIGREICII BELGIEN / BAEIAEIO TOY BEAriOY / K1NGDOM OF BELG1UM / ROYAUME DE BELGIQUE / REGNO DEL BELGIO / KONINKRIJK BELGlK / REINO DA BELGICA a) Autoridad que dispone de la lista de nombres de
  • Anglo-Saxon Isle of Wight: (Saxon Period Approximately AD-410-1066) 449 - Here Martianus and Valentinian Succeeded to the Kingdom and Ruled 7 Years

    Anglo-Saxon Isle of Wight: (Saxon Period Approximately AD-410-1066) 449 - Here Martianus and Valentinian Succeeded to the Kingdom and Ruled 7 Years

    Anglo-Saxon Isle of Wight: (Saxon period approximately AD-410-1066) 449 - Here Martianus and Valentinian succeeded to the kingdom and ruled 7 years. In their days Vortigern, King of the Britons, invited the Angle race under Hengest and Horsa here and they then came here to Britain in three ships at the place called Ebba's Creek. The King Vortigern gave them land in the south-east of this land on condition that they fought against the Picts. They then fought against the Picts and had victory wheresoever they came. They then sent to Angeln, ordered them to send more help and ordered them to tell of the worthlessness of the Britons and of the excellence of the land. They then at once sent here a larger troop to help the other. These men came from three tribes of Germany: from the Old Saxons, from the Angles, from the Jutes. From the Jutes came the Cantware and that race in Wessex which they still call the race of Jutes and the Wihtware - that is the tribe that now lives on Wight. The date 449 is a very rough guide to the start of the Anglo-Saxon occupation. What is known is that in 410 AD Roman Armies withdrew from Britain for the last time. Roman Britain had over the last century faced increased invasion threats, both from the Saxons and from the Picts and Scots of Scotland and Ireland. After the Roman withdrawal, Romano-British aristocracy ruled what is now England and Wales for the 40 years before the Anglo-Saxon invasion.
  • Cian's First Pony Edwin's Sister, Wife of Æthelfrith

    Cian's First Pony Edwin's Sister, Wife of Æthelfrith

    Acærn Cian's first pony Acha Edwin's sister, wife of Æthelfrith Æbbe sister of Oswald, an Iding Ædilgith gemæcce to Folcwyn, a Northumbrian lady Ælfwyn Hild's niece, daughter of Hereswith and Æthelric Æthelberht previous king of Kent Æthelburh queen of Northumbria, Edwin's wife, princess of Kent Æthelfrith Iding first king of Northumbria, father of Oswald and Oswiu Æthelric Short Leg a/k/a Egric, a Wuffing, prince of East Anglia, husband of Hereswith Æthelric Spear an Yffing, Hild's grandfather, king of Deira Æthelwald an Oiscinga, ætheling of Kent, Hild's cousin Æthelwyn Hild's niece, daughter of Hereswith Anna a Wuffing, prince of East Anglia Arddun bodywoman to Wllnoð Balthild natural daughter of Æthelric Shortleg Bán Irish willow man of Mulstanton Bassus chief swordman to Queen Æthelburh Bebba Æthelfrith's wife Begu Hild's gemæcce, daughter of Mulstan Beli king of Alt Clut Beli Mawr grandson of Belenos, the sun god Berenic a shepherd near Goodmanham Berhtnoth gesith, one of Hild's hounds Berhtred gesith, one of Hild's hounds Blæcca thegn of Edwin Bote milkmaid, sister to Cædmon Branwen character from Y Gododdin Breguswith an Oiscinga, Hild's mother, princess of Kent Burgmod son of Burgræd Burgræd chief swordman to Breguswith Cadfan ap Iago king of Gwynedd Cadwallon ap Cadfan prince, then king, of Gwynedd, son of Cadfan Cædmon cowherd at Mulstanton Ceadfryth daughter of Saxfryth and Ceadwulf of Elmet Ceadwin son of Saxfryth and Ceadwulf of Elmet Ceadwulf husband of Saxfryth, landholder of Elmet Cealred Northumbrian thegn Celfled widow
  • Wessex in the Early Middle Ages Digest of the Book by Barbara Yorke

    Wessex in the Early Middle Ages Digest of the Book by Barbara Yorke

    Wessex in the Early Middle Ages Digest of the book by Barbara Yorke Introduction I took these notes (jottings, really) whilst reading this book, which had been recommended to me by Nick Stoodley as a good introduction to the history of the Saxons in the Meon Valley. I have mainly noted the passages which are relevant to the Meon Valley. General Until the 9th century, Wessex was not a national region. Until now, the literary sources have led the way for archaeological research. In 410, Britain ceased to be part of the Roman Empire. Town life declined, villas were abandoned, Germanic burial grounds start to appear. (BY debates whether the Meonstoke villa was British or German.) Post-Roman traces in eastern Hants, Froxfield entrenchment, Germanic settlement in Portchester Castle. (‘Port’ was probably derived from the name of a king, hence Portsea, Portsmouth &c.) Anglo Saxon Chronicle’s account of 5th and 6th centuries is unreliable. Saxon settlers were not literate until Christianity brought literacy. Creation of Wessex 600 - 802 The Isle of Wight was an independent kingdom, founded according to the Chronicle by Stuf and Wihtgar. The Solent was also described as a Jutish kingdom. There were connections between the Jutes of the IoW and the Meon Valley and the Jutes of Kent. (See last chapter, Alton jewel.) Now missing, in a valley near East Meon was a settlement named ‘Ytedene’, ‘valley of the Jutes’. Wulfhere of Mercia handed the ‘Jutish province’ of Meonwara (people of the Meon) to King Aethelwalh of the South Saxons. Wessex was created by the conquests of the Royal House of Gewisse in the 6th and 7th centuries, starting in the Upper Thames Valley.
  • The Watlington Hoard

    The Watlington Hoard

    The Watlington Hoard Heritage Lottery Fund Activity Plan evaluation 1 CONTENTS Report overview This report summarises key findings from evaluation of the activity THE ACQUISITION ......................................................................................... 3 plan that accompanied The Ashmolean Museum’s acquisition of The THE PROJECTS ........................................................................................ 4 & 5 Watlington Hoard in 2017. HOW DO YOU INTERPRET A VIKING HOARD FOR A VARIETY OF The activity programme was made possible through a generous AUDIENCES? ................................................................................................. 7 grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund, and was delivered as a KEY OUTCOMES..................................................................................... 9 - 14 collaborative partership between The Ashmolean Museum and The LESSONS LEARNED .............................................................................. 16 - 18 Oxfordshire Museums. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................. 20 While the breadth and depth of engagement activities are introduced in this summary report, additional details and specific recommendations can be found in four separate case studies. SEPARATE CASE STUDIES Project evaluation methodology THE OXFORDSHIRE MUSEUM - Families and school programming Over the evaluative period, researchers from the University of Oxford collected data from museum staff and attendees.
  • Oxford Archaeological Plan: Resource Assessment

    Oxford Archaeological Plan: Resource Assessment

    OXFORD ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT 2011 ANGLO-SAXON AND VIKING Compiled by Ruth Beckley and David Radford Version: 28/1/2012i Introduction ............................................................................................................. 4 Chronology .......................................................................................................... 4 Notable sites ........................................................................................................ 6 The nature of the evidence base .......................................................................... 7 Documentary evidence ........................................................................................ 8 The landscape ....................................................................................................... 10 Inheritance ......................................................................................................... 10 Land use ............................................................................................................ 10 Early rural settlement ............................................................................................ 14 Littlemore ........................................................................................................... 14 Headington-Barton ............................................................................................. 14 Radcliffe Infirmary .............................................................................................. 14 Urban
  • The King and His Council

    The King and His Council

    THE KING AND HIS COUNCIL by Karen I. Wadley A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Boise State University May 2009 © 2009 Karen I. Wadley ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BOISE STATE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE COLLEGE DEFENSE COMMITTEE AND FINAL READING APPROVALS of the thesis submitted by Karen I. Wadley Thesis Title: The King and His Council Date of Final Oral Examination: 20 March 2009 The following individuals read and discussed the thesis submitted by student Karen I. Wadley, and they evaluated her presentation and response to questions during the final oral examination. They found that the student passed the final oral examination. Charles Matson Odahl, Ph.D. Chair, Supervisory Committee Peter Buhler, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee Lisa McClain, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee The final reading approval of the thesis was granted by Charles Matson Odahl, Ph.D., Chair of the Supervisory Committee. The thesis was approved for the Graduate College by John R. Pelton, Ph.D., Dean of the Graduate College. DEDICATION “And whatsoever ye do, do it heartily, as unto the Lord.” Colossians 3:23 KJV iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There would be no thesis for you to read if not for the support and encouragement I have received from my family, especially during the past four years, and the guidance and instruction of a certain professor over the past fourteen semesters. My father, Donald, and my mother, Margaret, inspired me to persevere through objectives which I believed were interminable. My siblings have all endured my ‘external effervescence’ thought- process methodology, some to more extreme degrees than others, but all have been there for me: Martha has incredible patience but is not afraid to re-rail my train of thought; Helen shows great interest and encourages me to keep talking (I am sorry, Helen); Donna is a good friend and takes a very practical view of humanity; and Ken has never given up, that alone is humbling.
  • The Origins of Wessex Pilot Project

    The Origins of Wessex Pilot Project

    Oxoniensia 78 txt 4+index_Oxoniensia 17/11/2013 12:05 Page 49 ROMANO-BRITISH VILLA AT COMBE 49 The Origins of Wessex Pilot Project HELENA HAMEROW, CHRISTOPHER FERGUSON and JOHN NAYLOR SUMMARY This paper presents the results of a pilot project investigating the potential of archaeological sites and finds to reveal how the Gewisse – the progenitors of the West Saxons – emerged to form the first post-Roman polity in the upper Thames valley. Digital mapping of Portable Antiquities and other data has revealed new ‘hot spots’ of activity dating to the period between 400 and 750, as well as gaps in the distribution of early Anglo-Saxon material culture that could point to a British presence. The distributions of certain categories of object, such as imports and precious metals, hint at the existence of a distinct ‘riverine’ cultural zone with links to east Kent. New possibilities for understanding the formation of fifth- century identities and calibrating fifth-century chronology are explored, as is the evidence for the emergence in the late sixth to mid seventh century of great hall complexes, notably at Sutton Courtenay and Long Wittenham, for which new evidence is presented. The potential for identifying minor routeways and understanding how these may have conditioned the location of settlement in the region is also considered. Wessex – the most successful of all the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms – is popularly assumed to have originated around its later capital, Winchester. In fact, its origins are now generally accepted as lying in the upper Thames valley, with the emergence of a people referred to by Bede as the Gewisse.
  • Due out in Cities, Saints, and Scholars in Early Medieval Europe. Essays in Honour of Alan Thacker, Ed

    Due out in Cities, Saints, and Scholars in Early Medieval Europe. Essays in Honour of Alan Thacker, Ed

    CEADWALLA AND WILFRID 1 Due out in Cities, Saints, and Scholars in Early Medieval Europe. Essays in honour of Alan Thacker, ed. S. deGregorio & P. J. E. Kershaw (Turnhout: Brepols). King Ceadwalla and Bishop Wilfrid Richard Sharpe The short career of King Ceadwalla in Wessex was a bloody business, perhaps right up to the point when he left England for Rome, where he was baptized by Pope Sergius on Holy Saturday, 10 April 689. Ten days later he was buried at St Peter’s basilica, and Bede would publish his Roman epitaph.1 Was this a great success-story for the Christian mission, a triumphant conversion, crowned by baptism at the hands of the pope and unblemished death in the white surplice of baptism? William of Malmesbury and Henry of Huntingdon in the twelfth century, both of them reading Bede as their chief witness, interpreted Ceadwalla’s career in a heroic light.2 They saw his life through his death in albis in Rome. Such a reading has endured. In commenting on his gifts of land made to churches, Dorothy Whitelock wrote, ‘At the time when Ceadwalla made these grants he had not yet been baptized, but this was not out of hostility to the Christian faith, but because he wished his baptism to take place in Rome’.3 Ceadwalla was not hostile to 1 Bede, HE V 7; G. B. de Rossi, Inscriptiones Christianae Vrbis Romae, 2 vols (Rome, 1857–61, 1888), ii. 288–9; R. Sharpe, ‘King Ceadwalla’s Roman epitaph’, in Latin Learning and English Lore. Papers for Michael Lapidge (Toronto, 2005), i.
  • Dissertation Submitted in Part-Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of History, University of Sheffield

    Dissertation Submitted in Part-Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of History, University of Sheffield

    Social Exclusion from Early Medieval Wessex Martha Riddiford Dissertation submitted in part-fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of History, University of Sheffield December 2007 For my grandparents, Thomas and Mavis Henshall "ý ý! ýlý" Abstract Over the past twenty years Anglo-Saxonists have become increasingly interested in the mechanismsand processesthrough which West Saxon society was formed into a cohesive and coherent whole. They have focused on the ways in which kings and other figures of authority used their power in attempts to bring their subjects together by providing them with a senseof sharedidentity, purpose and ambitions. To date, however, academicshave failed to recognisethe important role that exclusion played in this processand this thesis servesto redressthis balance. By examining the types of individuals that were excluded from full membership of early medieval West Saxon society and the reasonsfor their exclusion, it offers a new way of exploring the processesthat made this society self-consciously more coherent. The thesis is structured thematically around five separatecategories of people who each in their own way experienced some form of social exclusion from the kingdom of Wessex during the seventh to late-tenth centuries, but focusing most heavily on the ninth and tenth centuries. Chapter one explores the concept of social exclusion as voluntary exile, entailing an investigation into the motivations that prompted Anglo-Saxon missionaries and pilgrims to leave behind their homes and kin. Most importantly, this chapter surveys the networks of support that such travellers exploited in order to help them survive as aliens in foreign territories.