The NIH Record

U.S. Department June 18 National of Health 1985 Institutes and Vol. XXXVII of Human Services No. 13 Health

British Thyroid Association NCI Launches Campaign to Cut Cancer Rate Honors Dr. Bruce Weintraub Of American Blacks; Aretha Franklin Honored

Dr Bruce D. Weintraub, chief of NIADDK's An educational campaign to deliver cancer recently established Molecular Cellular and prevention information to black Americans. one Nutritional Endocrinology Branch, presented of the Nation's highest cancer risk groups, was the Pitt-Rivers Lectureship at the annual meet­ launched by the National Cancer Institute on ing of the British Endocrine Societies In Oxford, May 30 in Detroit. England, Mar. 24 to Chief campaign spokeswoman Aretha Frank­ 28 lin, the popular singing star, was honored for This honor, includ­ her participation in the national drive. ing a stipend, was She was presented the first "Year 2,000 given to Dr Wein­ Award" for her outstanding support of NCl's traub by the British campaign to cut the cancer death rate in half Thyroid Association by the year 2,000. for his outstanding In 1981 , the most recent year for which such research contribu­ statistics are available, 211 per 100,000 black Singer Aretha Franklin Year 2,000 Award tions in the field of Americans died of cancer compared to 164 thyroid disease. white Americans, NCI reported. That same tions, Detroit officials, and political leaders. The lectureship year, 335 of every 100,000 whites were diag­ More than 150 black leaders attended the was established in nosed with cancer compared to 373 per meeting Featured speakers at the ceremonies Dr. Weintraub honor of Dr. Pitt- 100,000 blacks. were Stephanie Lee-Miller, HHS Assistant Sec­ Rivers, a renowned British endocrinologist, who Dr. Vincent T. DeVita Jr., Director of NCI, retary for Public Affairs; Dr. LaSalle D. Leffall, discovered trildothyronine- the principal thy­ launched the prevention campaign at a media chairman of the Department of Surgery at roid hormone Dr. Weintraub presented a sci­ briefing in downtown Detroit, the third city in the Howard University; and Jacqueline D. Bowens, entific lecture entitled "Regulation of nation in size of black population. representing the National Health Braintrust. Thyrotropin Biosynthesis, Glycosylation and A luncheon ceremony followed for leaders of Secretion." more than a dozen national black organiza- (See BLACKS AND CANCER, Page 10)

Internationally Recognized Twenty-Five Hughes-NIH Scholars Picked; Dr Weintraub is internationally recognized for his contributions to both basic and clinical First Arrivals Expected on Campus in July research on the elucidation of thyrotropin biosynthesis and regulation. He has published more than 130 papers in The Howard Hughes Medical Institute During the interviews, Dr. Donald S. the scientific literature. His previous awards in­ (HHMI) and the National Institutes of Health Frederickson, President and Chief Executive clude the Van Meter-Armour Prize of the Amen­ have chosen 25 medical students who will par­ Officer, HHMI, and Dr. George F. Cahill Jr., Di­ can Thyroid Association and the Ernst ticipate in the first year of the HHMI-NIH Re­ rector ol Research, HHMI, spoke to the stu­ Oppenheimer Memorial Award of the Endo­ search Scholars program. dents about the history and objectives of HHMI, crine Society, which have been g iven for re­ These students come from 18 medical which was founded in 1953 and is one of the search contributions in the field of thyroid and schools, including Dartmouth, Wayne State largest private research organizations in the pituitary diseases. University, the University of New Mexico. Duke world. The Molecular, Cellular and Nutritional Endo­ University, the University of Illinois, Columbia Overview and Seminars crinology Branch performs both basic and clini­ University, the University of Washington, the cal investigations in the areas of endocrinology, University of Michigan, the University of North The students were also given an overview of neuroendocrinology, diabetes and other meta­ Carolina. the research activities of the intramural pro­ bolic diseases, nutrition, and growth and devel­ Also, Northwestern University, the Medical gram at NIH by Or. J.E. Rall, Deputy Director opment at the molecular and cellular levels. College of Ohio, Stanford University, Albany for Intramural Research, and Or Philip Chen The branch is comprised of three sections Medical College, the University of Pittsburgh, Jr., Associate Director for Intramural Affairs. reflecting its areas of investigation: Experimen­ Johns Hopkins University, Cornell University, A program of seminars, designed to intro­ tal Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, headed the University of Oklahoma and the University duce the students to intramural research at by Dr. Samuel Cushman; Growth and Develop­ of Pennsylvania. NIH, were presented by Dr. Warren Leonard, ment, headed by Dr. Matthew Rechler: and Mo­ The first students are expected to arrive at NCI: Dr. Roscoe Brady, NINCDS; Dr. French lecular Regulation and Neuroendocrinology NIH in July Anderson, NHLBI; Dr. George Shaw, NCI; Dr Dr. Weintraub is also chief of the latter The students were chosen from finalists who April Robbins, NIADDK; Dr. Steven Wise, section . □ were invited to NIH in March for interviews by a NIMH: Dr Dean Hamer, NCI; and Dr. Thomas committee of scientists from HHMI and intramu­ Waldmann, NCI ral NIH. (See HUGHES SCHOLARS, Page 11) Six NIH Publications The NIH Record Win Blue Pencil Awards Six NIH publications were recently awarded Publtshed b,weekly a1 Bethesda, Md • by lhe Ed1tonal Opera­ prizes in the 1985 Blue Pencil Publications tions Branch. 01v1s1on of Public l nlormaoon, lor the rnformation Contest of the National Association of Govern­ of em ployees of the National Institutes of Heallh, Department of Healltl and Human Services. and circulated by reQuest to wn1e,s ment Communicators. ancl to researchers In b1omedicat and related l1elds. Tho content They were: is roprintablo without perm1ss1on. Pictures may be available on reQu est. Facts about Oral Contraceptives by Maureen B. Gardner, NICHD, won third prize in Publica­ The NIH Record reserves the oght to make corrections, tion for General Audience (one-color) category. changes, or dolet ions in subm1Ued copy in conformity with the Head Injury: Hope through Research by pollc,es of the paper and HHS. At a recent meeting of the National Library of Med­ Diane Striar, editor; and Julie Ann Miller, writer, NIH Record Office icine's Board of Regents, Or. John Duffy (I) pre­ NINCDS, won second prize in Publication for Bldg. 3'J, Room 28·03, Pnone 496-2125 sented a copy of The Ship's Medicine Chest and General Audience (two-or-three colors) Medical Aid at Sea, a book on emergency medi­ category. Editor cine, to board chairman Dr. L. Thompson Bowles. Carol Case, NCI, won honorable mention for Herschel Cribb Copresenter of the book Is Dr. C. Everett Koop (r), Breast Cancer Patient Education Series. Surgeon General of the U.S. Public Health Service. Lung Cancer by Marian G. Segal, Office of Steff Wrltere Editorial A ealatant Or. Duffy, Assistant Surgeon General, PHS, was Joyce F. McCarthy Marilyn Berman the book's editor-in-chief. This new edition, pre­ Clinical Reports and Inquiries. CC, won second Anne Barber pared for the Merchant Marine, Coast Guard, and prize in Publication of General Audience (four others who spend extended periods at sea, is colors) category. Stitt Correapondenta printed on waterproof paper. Dr. Koop acknowl­ The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute cc Richard McManus. DCRT Joan p Sobel. OPM. Harry edged the assistance of NLM in preparing the won third prize for Building Nutrition Coun­ Marshall, DAG Sue Meadows: DAR, Barbara Men,ck: DAS, Jim index. Doherty FIC, Susan P Stark. NCI, Patnc,a A Newman: NEI, seling Skills, Volume I: A Guidebook for Work­ Marsha Corbett. NHLBI. Larry Blaser. NtA Claire McCullough shop Planning in Publication for Technical or NIAID, Jeanne Wmmck. NIAOOK. Eileen Corttgan; NICHO, James Hadley, NIDA JOdy Dove. NIEHS, Hugh J Lee: NIGMS, Wanda Professional category. WarddcU: NIMH, Marilyn Sargenl , NINCOS. Carol Rowan NLM, FAES Health Insurance Open The Division of Computer Research and Roger L Gdkeson Season Begins on July 1 Technology, Information Office, received hon­ orable mention for OCRT 20th Anniversary The FAES Health Insurance Program will be­ Campaign, in the Visual Design category. D gin its Open Season during the month of July, TRAINING TIPS and rates will go up as of July 1. The program is open to employees who are American Councll on 11- ■nspl■nt■tlon The following courses are sponsored by the 01vi• not eligible for Government health insurance sion of Personnel Management, Development and coverage but who are employed by NIH in Training Operations Branch. fulltime positions. Guest workers and research­ Course Dead· ers may also subscribe. Administrative Systems Starts line "''"- (Call 496-6211 ) Change Status Delpro (for new user's only) 7/15 711 During July persons who did not enroll when first eligible can do so but a 10-month pre­ Technical/Occupational 7/30 7/17 existing condition clause will apply. Also current Related Training (Call 496-6211) subscribers may change their status. 8/1 7/19 Computer Literacy Due to increased costs of services, the rates will be increased as follows: Low Option: Individual $50 Training and Development Services Program Family $118 (Call 496-6211) High Option: Individual $63 Uniform Donor Card Family $171 Adult Education Program Information on benefits and rates may be ob­ (Call 496-6211) tained at the FAES office, Bldg. 10, Rm. Executive, Management 2C207A or in the FAES Bookstore, Bldg. 10, and Supervisory (Call 496-6371) Rm. B1L-101. 0 7115 6/28 Introduction to Supervision Making Time Productive 8/12 7/26 Communicating for Results 8/6 7/19 Summer Camp Weekend Planned Effective Communication 9/10 8/23 Join R&W for a summer camp weekend, July Uniform Donor Card: This organ donor card may 5. 6, and 7, at the 4-H Educational Center, be clipped out. Before signing, it should be dis­ Barbecue Helps Camp Fantastic Front Royal, Va. (Camp Fantastic site). cussed with a family member. For more informa­ Activities include swimming, canoeing, arch­ tion, call 1-800-ACT-GIVE. The 3rd annual Camp Fantastic Chicken Bar­ ery, tennis, volleyball, and softball. Also, an becue will be held on Tuesday, June 25 from evening campfire is planned. The lodge has 11 :30 a.m. to 1 :30 p.m. in Bldg. 10-area adja­ cots, showers, and a separate living area for cent to the par course (near the Blood Bank each lamily. Columbia Commuter Bus entrance). The cost is $50 for adults; $45 for children The cost is $5 for the fresh barbecued under 13. Six meals and a pizza party are Has Seats Available chicken or fried chicken, hot dogs, cole slaw, included. potato salad, and a soft drink. Sign up at the R&W Activities Desk, Bldg. 31, The commuter bus from Columbia to NIH Proceeds from this event will go to benefit Rm. B1W30. 0 and downtown Bethesda has room for new rid­ children undergoing treatment for cancer. ers. The bus makes several stops in Columbia Tickets must be purchased by June 24, and and along route 29. are available at the Activities Desk and all R&W The secret of teaching is lo appear to have known all For more information, call Esther McBride, Gift Shops. 0 your life what you learned this afternoon.- Anon. 496-5717 or Dick West, 496-3113. D

Page 2 The NIH Record June 18, 1985 Three Cancer Researchers Receive GM Prizes; Black South African Poet Two Funded by NIH Institutes for a Decade Assails Genocide-by-Law Blacks are worse off in South Africa than in Three scientists responsible for break• MRI also can show minute chemical proc­ any country of Africa, including Sudan and lhroughs in detecting tumors, identifying esses as they occur in living tissue. This tech­ Ethiopia where there is severe famine, Dr. cancer-causing agents and defining why can­ nique may, in time, enable doctors to perform Dennis Brutus, an internationally acclaimed cer treatment sometimes fails have been the proverbial "knifeless biopsy." In a series of South African poet. told an audience at NIH's named winners of the 1985 General Motors studies spanning a decade, Dr. Lauterbur per­ ACRF Amphitheater recently. Cancer Research Foundation prizes, Founda• fected Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Black South Africans have the highest rate of lion President Joseph G. Fortner, M.D., has an­ malnutrition, one-third of the children under 14 nounced. Each scientist will receive $130,000. Cancer Drug Resistance are stunted in growth, and two out of every five Prize winners are Dr. Paul C. Lauterbur, pro­ The Alfred P. Sloan Prize was awarded to Dr. black child ren die before lhe age of 5. he said. fessor of chemistry at the State University of Schimke for his surprising discoveries about Though there are three parliaments, the New York at Stony Brook, who developed Mag­ drug resistance. Until now, doctors have not blacks have none and 80 percent of the black netic Resonance Imaging, a powerful new di­ been able to explain why some cancer patients population is excluded from the political proc­ agnostic toot; Dr. J. Christopher Wagner, senior who are responding positively to chemotherapy ess, he continued. Black South Africans also pathologist and clinical scientist at the Medical stop improving. cannot belong to the state church, he said. Research Council's Pneumoconiosis Unit al The Sloan Prize recognizes fundamental sci­ Victims of a high mortality rate- pneumonia, Llandough Hospital, South Wates, who was first entific contributions leading to a better under­ tuberculosis and nutritional disease are to associate asbestos with mesothelioma, a standing of the cancer process. prevalent-Dr. Brutus also said South African rare cancer of the chest and abdomen; and Dr. Dr. Schimke showed that d rug resistance blacks are victimized through genocide by law. Many who do survive will suffer protein defi­ Robert T. Schimke, professor of biology at can occur through a spontaneous process in Stanford University in Palo Alto, Calif. . whose which treated cells make extra copies of a par­ ciency, brain damage and grow up deformed pioneering genetic studies help explain why tu­ ticular gene. The gene that is copied governs and stunted in growth, he declared. mors sometimes become resistant to cancer­ production of the very substance the cancer Medical care is scarce for blacks, he said. Whites have one doctor for every 630 persons; killing drugs. drug originally attacked. Two of the prize winners are current grantees blacks one doctor tor every 90,000. Rural of NIH: Dr. Lauterbur. of the National Cancer Asbestos-Cancer Link communities have one doctor per 174,000 Institute and the National Heart, Lung and persons. Blood Institute, and Dr. Schimke, of the Na­ Dr. Wagner. winner of the Charles S. Mott Dr. Brutus also recounted some of his own tional Cancer Institute and the National Institute Prize, made the original observation linking as­ experiences as a prisoner. Seized at a sports of General Medical Sciences. bestos, a natural mineral fiber widely used in event in Capetown, he managed to escape but NCI has supported both Dr. Lauterbur's buildings, vehicular brake and c lutch linings was recaptu red. He told of being shot and of (award to date $1,586,647) and Dr. Schimke's and ships. to mesothelioma, a rare and deadly breaking stones on Roberts Island, the worst research award to date $2,262,809) for 11 cancer. His studies have had a major impact prison ,n South Africa where there were 60 pris­ years. on the health of many thousands of exposed oners to a cell. Dr. Schimke's research has also been workers and ordinary citizens around the world. Exercise, he said, consisted of running in a funded for 19 years by NIGMS (award to date: Regulations limiting the use of asbestos are circle while being beaten by guards. $1,785,592). partly based on his findings, which have con­ He was later exiled and first went to Great Dr. Lauterbur has been funded as well for six tributed significantly to the understanding of Britain and later to the U.S. where he has years by NHLBI (award to date $846,573). The carcinogenesis. served as a visiting professor of English at the purpose ol this aspect ol the research is to re­ The Mott Prize is given for outstanding contri­ University of Denver and the University of fine MRI to be used in the detection and diag­ butions ,n the prevention of cancer. Texas. Since 1971, he has been a visiting pro­ nosis of heart. lung, and blood vessel diseases: Dr. Wagner proved that even minute fessor in the English Department at Northwest­ to synchronize MRI with the EKG; and to pro­ amounts of asbestos can p roduce ern University in Evanston, Ill. Born in Salisbury, vide high-resolution imaging for examination of mesothelioma. He also defined the characteris­ Southern Rhodesia, he was graduated with dis­ diseased tissue This would be a major step tics that can make asbestos and other ordinary tinction in English from Fort Hare University in forward in non-invasive diagnosis and detec­ substances. such as glass, asbestos substi­ South Africa in 194 7. tion of coronary artery disease tutes and certain soils dangerous. An active opponent of the South African gov­ All three of the GM prize recipients pre­ The General Motors Cancer Research Foun­ ernment's racial policies, Dr. Brutus has pub· sented lectures on their research June 12 at dation was formed in 1978 with a $2 million lished several volumes of poetry, including "Si­ NIH's Masur Auditorium at a ceremony hon­ g rant from the General Motors Corporation. An rens, Knuckles, Boots," "A Simple Lust" and oring them. additional $7.5 million has been contributed by "Stubborn Hope." "Each of these scientists has made extraordi• the corporation. The foundation makes awards Dr. Thomas E. Malone, NIH Deputy Director, nary contributions to our knowledge of cancer," "to stimulate scientific efforts to control cancer introduced Dr. Brutus. The program was spon­ Dr. Fortner said. "They have harnessed power­ and to recognize important advances in the sored by Blacks In Government, The Founda­ ful technologies and applied meticulous obser­ field," Dr. Fortner said. tion for the Advancement of Education in the vation to their investigations. We are all benefi­ Three awards were established, each Sciences Inc .. and the Medical Scientific Com­ ciaries of their efforts." consisting of a gold medal and $100,000. Each mittee of NIH. D award also includes an additional $30,000 to Developed MRI support a workshop or conference under the R& W Honored by National Assn. leadership of the prizewinner. □ Dr. Lauterbur, who won the Charles K. Kettering Prize, was the first to create an inte­ The National Institutes of Health's Recreation rior image of an object using Magnetic Reso­ and Welfare Association recently was given an nance Imaging (MRI). The Kettering Prize is Honorable Mention for the Eastman Award. awarded for outstanding contributions to the di­ Bone Marrow Volunteers Needed This is the highest honor a recreation associa­ agnosis and treatment of cancer. tion can obtain. The award is based on number MRI may well be the most advanced and Normal, healthy people between the ages of of activities, degrees of participation, amount of powerful diagnostic tool ever developed. It can 18 and 50, who are currently smoking or have volunteerism, budgeting, accounting and detect tumors, neurologic problems and some never smoked cigarettes, are needed for a publicity. metabolic disorders. Magnetic Resonance Im­ cancer research project. R&W also received 1st place for its special aging produces far more intricate pictures than The procedure involves minimal pain and promotion piece-The NIH Calendar-and was C- T scans, X- rays or nuc lear medicine scans takes 30 minutes. Volunteers will be paid $75. given a Certificate of Excellence for its efforts without employing potentially harmful ionizing For further information, call Dr. Fine, on behalf of Camp Fantastic-awarded for radiation or radioactive contrast materials. 496-4522. □ R&W's involvement in a community project. □

June 18, 1985 The NIH Record Page 3 Nine NIH Staffers Get HHS Honor Awards Departmental Management Award Nine NIH stall members were honored by execute management policy in an outstanding HHS Secretary Margaret M. Heckler during the manner. Department's Honor Awards Ceremony held Margaret R. Garner. NICHD, received the June 12 in the Great Hall. Hubert H. Humphrey HHS Volunteer Award. This honor award recog­ Bldg. nizes civil service employees who make Or. James 0 . Mason, Acting Assistant Secre­ unselfish voluntary contributions of personal tary for Health, and Dr. Thomas C. Malone, NIH energy, skill, and resources in behalf of signifi­ Deputy Director, representing Or. James B. cant community services. Wyngaarden. NIH Director, assisted in present­ As a group, two NIEHS employees received ing the awards. lhe Suggester of the Year Award. They were The Distinguished Service Award, the De­ Eugene A Harlow and Franklin B. Young. partment's highest honor award conferred on Secretary Heckler recognized Dr. John A. civilian employees, was presented to Dr. Igor Barranger, NINCOS, as a recipient of the Arthur B. Dawid, NICHD, and to Dr. Stephen I. Katz, S. Flemming Award for 1985. Dr. Barranger re­ Mr. Mansfield Mr. Naughton NCI. They were recognized for their outstand­ ceived the award from Dr. Flemming, Apr. 25, Executive Management Award: ing achievements in scientific research. J. Paul at a ceremony sponsored by the Arthur S. Van Nevel, NCI. received the award for out­ Flemming Awards Commission and the Down­ Norman D. Mansfield standing achievements in administration. town Jaycees of Washington, D.C. Director, Division of Financial Management, OD A reception tor HHS. PHS. and NIH officials, "For outstanding effort as advisor to the Director ol Secretary Heckler presented the Departmen­ the National Institutes of Health, and his excellent award recipients and their guests followed the tal Management Award to Norman D. leadership in improving dala quality and manage­ Mansfield, OD, and to Joseph Haughton, ceremony. Names and award citations of NIH menl efficiency." DCRT: The award recognizes individuals who staff members recognized at the HHS Honor demonstrate extraordinary initiative in directing Awards Ceremony held on June 12, 1985 were: Joseph Naughton their programs and who formulate, oversee. or Chief, Computer Center Branch. DCRT "For exceplional competence m the managemenl and direction of the Computer Genier Branch and for outstanding contributions to the Division of Computer Distinguished Service Award Research Technology." Suggester of the Year Award

Group Award Eugene A. Harlow and Franklin B. Young 0,,._ Utilities Systems Repairers-Operators Oll1ce of Facilities Eng1neenng, NIEHS - "In recognition of their suggestion lo inslall a time de­ lay relay switch which makes the low load chiller more useful thus preventing loss of research data in lhe environmenlal chambers."

Dr. Oawid Dr. Katz Mr. Van Nevel

Administrative category: Scientific category: J. Paul Van Nevel Dr. Igor B. Dawid Associate Director for Cancer Communications, OD. Chief, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics. NICHD NCI "In recognition of his scientific discoveries in devel­ "In recogni11on of his leadership in direclmg a na­ opmental biology and molecular genetics. and his tional program to help every American understand leadership in providing a molecular basis tor animal how to reduce his or her present risk of cancer." and human development.· Recipient of Major Dr. Stephen I. Katz Mr. Harlow Mr. Young Chief. Dermatology Branch, DCBD. NCI "In recognition ol his many importanl conlributions 10 Non-HHS Award our understanding of skin diseases with emphasis on HHS Volunteer Award the role of the immune system in dermatology."

Dr. Barranger Ms. Garner Dr. John A. Barranger Associate Chief, Developmental and Metabolic Neu­ Margaret A. Garner rology Branch, IRP. NINCOS Technical lnformalion Specialist. Office of Planning As a 1985 recipient of the Arthur S. Flemming Award and Evaluation, NICHD His citation: "In recognition of his outstanding contri­ "In recognition of the extensive lime and eflort con­ butions to science and medicine in the field of genet­ tributed by her 1n helping people in crisis and in ics disorders." serving the elderly.· O

Page 4 The NIH Record June 18, 1985 New Vaccine Blocks Recurrent Herpes in Mice; VISITING SCIENTISTS 5/1 Dr. Patrice Douillet, France Sponsor· Dr Robert Needs More Testing Before Use With Humans M. Cohen. Laboratory of Cerebral Metabolism, NIMH, Bg 10, Rm 4N317. 5/1 Dr. Maria Galli, Italy. Sponsor: Dr John Ortaldo. An experimental herpes vaccine that pre­ B1olog1cal Therapeutics Branch, NCI, FCRF. Bg 560. vents the virus from establ1sh1ng a latent (recur­ Rm 31 -41 . Frederick, Md. 5/1 Dr. Yoko Ishihara, Japan Sponsor· Dr Fusao rent) infection has been developed by a team Hirata, Laboratory of Cell Biology. NIMH, Bg. 36, Rm of researchers led by Dr. Abner Notkins of the 5B04. National Institute of Dental Research and Dr. 5/1 Dr. Takashi Ishizu, Japan Sponsor· Dr Josef Bernard Moss of the National Institute of Allergy P1tha, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, and Infectious Diseases. NIA, GRC, Baltimore, Md. The vaccine, which has been tested suc­ 5/1 Dr. Karl Lackner, Germany Sponsor. Dr. H. cessfully in laboratory mice, is targeted against Bryan Brewer, Molecular Diseases Branch, NHLBI, herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1, the virus re­ Bg 10, Rm. 7N11 7 sponsible for oral cold sores. The NIH research 5/ 1 Dr. Franca Ronchese, Italy. Sponsor: Dr Ronald Germain, Laboratory of Immunology. NIAID. Bg 10. is particularly promising because it is the first Rm 11018 time that a genetically engineered herpes vac­ 5/6 Dr. Shiv Kumar Agarwal, India. Sponsor: Dr. cine has been shown to prevent development Donald Jerina, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, of a latent infection. An experimental herpes vaccine developed by NIH NIADDK, Bg. 4, Rm. 216 Although the vaccine is directed against HSV researchers prevented establishment of a latent 5/6 Dr. Kazumasa Ogasawara, Japan. Sponsor· Dr. type 1, it also provides protection against HSV infection in two-thirds of animals tested. Ronald Schwartz. Laboratory of Immunology. Bg. 1O . type 2, or genital herpes, the researchers re­ Rm. 11D07 ported in the May 10 issue of Science. 5/6 Dr. Paola Roma, Italy Sponsor Dr H Bryan Dr. Notkins cautioned that the research, mice survived, while fewer than 5 percent of Brewer, Molecular Diseases Branch, NHLBI, Bg. 10. Rm. 7N117 though encouraging, is only "a first step toward the unvaccinated mice lived. 517 Dr. Andr-ea Pfeifer, Germany. Sponsor: Dr. developing a vaccine for use in humans " Fur­ To determine whether the vaccine prevented George E. Mark, Laboratory of Human Carcin­ ther animal studies on the safety and effective­ development of a latent herpes infection, re­ ogenesis. NCI, Bg. 37, Rm. 2C15. ness of the vaccine are needed before a deci­ searchers exposed nonimmunized and immu­ 518 Dr. Tadashi Shingu, Japan. Sponsor: Dr. Nor­ sion is made on whether to test it in humans. he nized mice to HSV type 1, then examined the man Salem, Laboratory of Clinical Studies, NIAAA, said animals' trigeminal ganglia. HSV type 1 was Bg. 10, Rm 3C212. The vaccine would be useful for people who found in the ganglia of most of the unvacci­ 5/9 Dr. Shuichi Tomida, Japan. Sponsor: Dr. Igor have never contracted herpes. said Dr. nated mice. By contrast. two-thirds of the vac­ Klatzo, Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuro­ Notkins. It would not cure people already af­ cinated mice were virus-free. The researchers anatomical Sciences, NINCDS, Bg 36, Rm 4D04 5/12 Dr. Antonella Maresca, Italy. Sponsor: Dr. flicted with the disease. did not test for latency with HSV type 2. Maxine Singer. Laboratory of Biochemistry, NCI. Bg. Typically an HSV type 1 infection begins with In the vaccinated mice who developed a la­ 37, Rm. 4E28. the virus penetrating an epithelial surface. such tent infection, "most likely the antibody raised 5/12 Dr. Masanorl Obata, Japan Sponsor: Dr Arita as the lip, and producing a characteristic le­ by the vaccine didn't reach the virus before ii S. Khan, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, sion, such as a cold sore. The virus then travels entered the nerve," said Dr. Notkins. Whether NIAID, Bg. 5, Rm. 8133. up a nerve to establish a latent infection in the or not antibody reaches the virus depends on 5/12 Hltoyata Shimokawa, Japan. Sponsor: Dr John trigeminal (cranial) ganglion. The virus can be factors such as the route of infection and the Termine, Mineralized Tissue Research Branch, NIDA, reactivated periodically, travel back down the state of the epithelial surface at the infection Bg. 30, Rm. 106. nerve to the skin, and produce another lesion. site, he explained. 5/ 13 Dr. Kasturi Srlram, India. Sponsor: Dr. Robert Glazer, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Biol­ "Because we know relatively little about Follows Same Pattern ogy, NCI, Bg. 37, Rm. 6D28. those factors in humans, we can't say how ef­ fective a herpes vaccine will be," he said. "That 5/14 Dr. Cyril 0 . Enwonwu, Nigeria and United Genital herpes follows the same pattern of in­ question will be answered only through con­ Kingdom. Sponsor: Dr. James Carlos, Epidemiology fection and reactivation, although a different and Oral Disease Prevention Program, NIDA, trolled clinical trials of this or other HSV vac­ ganglion (collection of nerves) is involved. Westwood Bg., Rm. 528. cines in humans." For a herpes vaccine to work, it must neutral­ 5/14 Dr. Hitoshl Ueda, Japan. Sponsor: Dr. Carl Wu, Working with Dr. Notkins and Dr. Moss on the ize the virus before it reaches the nerve, said Laboratory of Biochemistry, NCI, Bg. 37, Rm. 4D11 . herpes vaccine project were Ors. Kenneth Dr. Notkins. Once the virus takes up residence 5/15 Dr. Lawrence Weir, United Kingdom. Sponsor: Cremer and Charles Wohlenberg of NIDA and Dr. Robert Adelstein, Laboratory of Molecular Cardi­ in the ganglion, he said, it is inaccessible to an­ ology, NHLBI, Bg. 10, Rm. 7B09. tibody. "That's why in all probability a vaccine Dr. Michale Mackell of NIAID. □ 5/1 6 Dr. lohru Akahoshi, Japan. Sponsor: Dr. Luigi would be of little use to people who already -Susan Johnson Varesio, Laboratory of Molecular lmmunoregulation, have latent herpes," he explained. NCI, FCRF. Bg. 560. Rm. 31-36, Frederick, Md. Dr. Moss and his colleagues at NIAID con­ 5/16 Dr. Kimmo Nieminen, Finland. Sponsor: Dr. NIMH Needs Female Volunteers Stanley Rapoport. NIA, Bg. 10, Rm. 6C103. structed the herpes vaccine using recombinant 5/17 Dr. Massimo Borelli, Italy. Sponsor: Dr DNA techniques. They inserted a cloned gene For Mood Disorder Study Theodor Kolobow, Laboratory of Technical Develop­ for a protein located on the surface of HSV type ment, NHLBI. Bg. 10, Rm 5D20. 1, called gD glycoprotein, into vaccinia virus, Healthy normal female volunteers between 5/17 Dr. Maria Rimoldi, Argentina. Sponsor. Dr. which was used until recently to immunize 18 and 45 years of age who are free of any his­ Keith Joiner, Laboratory of Clinical Investigations, against smallpox. When the hybrid vaccine was tory of emotional problems or head injury are NIAID, Bg. 10, Rm 11 N228 infected into mice, the animals produced needed for a mood disorder study at the Na­ 5/20 Dr. Michael James Darsley, United Kingdom neutralizing antibody to both vaccinia virus and tional Institute of Mental Health. Immediate fam­ Sponsor: Dr Ettore Appella, Laboratory of Cell Biol­ HSV type 1. ogy, NCI, Bg. 37, Rm. 1804. ily members must be free of drug and alcohol 5/21 Dr. Michael Ackermann, Germany. Sponsor: To see if the vaccine protected against her­ problems and psychiatric illness. Dr. M.I. Luster, lmmunotoxicology Section, NIEHS. pes virus, researchers gave a normally fatal After an initial screening and physical exam Research Triangle Park, NC. dose of HSV type 1 to vaccinated and unvacci­ the study requires two visits of 2-3 hours each 5/22 Dr. Vijay Kumar Chaudhary, India. Sponsor: nated mice. Almost 100 percent of the vacci­ for routine EEG and an EEG with a drug Dr. Ira Pastan. Laboratory of Molecular Biology, NCI, nated mice survived. compared to only a few of infusion. Bg. 37, Rm. 4B27. the unvaccinated mice. Volunteers will be paid approximately $ 145 5/23 Dr. Vijay Kumar Kuchroo, India. Sponsor: Dr. Significantly, the HSV type 1 vaccine also for the three visits. Volunteers can also partici­ Peter Fuhrer, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and protected mice against HSV type 2. In a sepa­ pate in an extended protocol which requires Biology, NCI, Bg 10, Rm. 8B08. rate experiment, vaccinated and unvaccinated take-home mood ratings and psychological 5/23 Dr. Chisei Ra, Japan. Sponsor· Dr. Chaviva lsersky, Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch, NIADDK, animals were given a lethal challenge of HSV testing, For further informa11on, call Kathleen Bg. 10, Rm. 9N254. 0 type 2. Ninety-seven percent of the vaccinated O'Leary at 496-1337. □

June 18, 1985 The NIH Record Page 5 NICHD Awards $2.5 Million to Howard University To Study Poor Pregnancy Outcomes Among Blacks Mrs. Violet Odom Dies; Worked for NICHD 14 Years The National Institute of Child Health and Hu­ The study will consist of fou r separate proj­ man Development has awarded a 5-year grant ects and will observe 600 pregnant women be­ Violet Smith Odom, an administrative assist­ oi $2.5 million to a team oi Howard Univcn:,ity tween the ages oi 19 and 35. ant in NICI ID's Office of Administrative Man­ researchers to study the causes of poor preg­ Dr Edwards says that "because of the analy­ agement, died of cancer on Apr. 19 at Holy nancy outcomes among blacks. ses which will be done during the course of Cross Hospital in Silver Spring, Md. She was In 1982 the infant mortality rate was 20.3 per pregnancy and the documentation of diet and 54. 1,000 live births in the District of Columbia. and food behaviors of the mothers, the results of the in 1983 the D.C. rate was 18.2. The mortality study should enhance the researchers' ability rate among black infants nationally in 1982 was to predict poor pregnancy outcomes and to de­ 19.6 per 1,000 live births compared to the over­ sign measures to increase the likelihood that all national average of 11.5 deaths per 1.000 normal infants will be born." live births. According to Dr. Edwards, the findings of the The rate of infant mortality for the general study wi ll enhance efforts to improve the preg­ population in the United States has declined nancy outcomes in low-income women nation­ steadily in the last few years. but remains ally as well as throughout the world where low among the highest of the developed nations. socioeconomic status, inadequate maternal Moreover, infant mortality for those cities w'ith diets and other disadvantages exist. large or predominantly black populations ex­ ceeds the national rate. Primary Focus Researchers in the university's school of hu­ She says that while the primary focus wi ll be man ecology and college of medicine, as well on nutritional, medical, sociocultural and psy­ as consultants from other cities, will form the chological factors, a wide range of habits will team which wi ll conduct the study, "Nutrition. also be documented and explored for their re­ Other Factors. and the Outcome of Pregnancy." lationship to pregnancy outcomes. These will Principal Investigator include such factors as the craving for unusual substances not considered food (such as Principal investigator, Dr. Cecile H. Edwards, pica), and use of alcohol, drugs and cigarettes. dean of the school of human ecology, indicates Dr. Edwards notes that nutritionists now pres­ Mrs. Violet Smith Odom that "the overall objective of the study is to cor­ ent convincing evidence that the availability of relate nutritional, medical, psychological, cul­ good nutrition is very important in the early Mrs. Odom, the daughter of a minister, was tural. socioeconomic and other environmental stages of development of the brain. In the fe­ born in Baltimore, and attended Mary N. Smith factors, lifestyles and food choices with the out­ tus, the brain grows in specific steps at specific High School in Accomac, Va. comes of pregnancy in previously times. The lack of any nutrient essential for She came to NIH in 1970 as a unit clerk for nonchildbearing women residing in the Wash­ growth at these times can result in damage the Clinical Center's Nursing Department. From ington metropolitan area." _which cannot be corrected later. LJ 1972 to 1974. she worked in the Division of Equal Opportunity as a clerk-typist. In order to further her career. Mrs. Odom at- tended many workshops, seminars and M• courses at Cortez Peters Business Institute in Baltimore, and Tnple T. Ltd. Travel School, and George Washington University, both in Wash­ , ington, D.C. Dr. Peter S. Alterman, an administrative offi­ cer and Mrs. Odom's supervisor until February, said she was a "remarkable person. She was as solid as a rock. She was a pillar to her fam­ ily. She was always cheerful. She was the grease that kept the wheels rolling for many years [in our office]. I don't know anybody who didn't like her, and I don't know anybody who doesn't miss her." Survivors include her husband, Henry, of Baltimore, and eight children: Mrs. Charlene Jenkins, the Rev. Charles Smith, Mrs. Charmaine Moore, and Sherman, Henry, Jr., Sandra, Stanley, and Shayna.

Camp Fantastic Gets Donation From Modelling Moppetts

"Modelling Moppetts," a non-profit organiza­ tion of child models and performers, have do­ nated a check of $1.250 to Special Love for Dr. Dan Hilt (t), one of 20 pharmacology research associates who presented posters after a recent PRAT the children of Camp Fantastic. seminar, discusses his research on cloning neuronal genes. Guest speaker at the PRAT seminar was Alfred G. Gilman, professor and chairman, department of pharmacology, University of Texas Health Sci­ Since its origin, Modelling Moppetts has do­ ence Center at Dallas, and a former PRAT fellow. His topic was "G Proteins and Adenylate Cyclase." nated more than $25,000 to child-oriented The PRAT program is a 2-year postdoctoral training program in the pharmacological sciences, which charities in Montgomery County. This is in has been in existence for 20 years. The program has graduated 178 fellows, most of whom work in uni­ keeping with its philosophy of "children working versities and research laboratories around the nation. for children." □

Page 6 The NIH Record June 18, 1985 Start of New Training Program NIA Staffers Conduct Seminar at California School Celebrated With Open House To Promote Minority Involvement in Aging Research

A Training and Development Services Pro­ gram for GS 1 through 8 employees was begun To stimulate more interest in aging research recently by the Division of Personnel Manage­ among minority colleges and universities, sen­ ment. The program helps participants enhance ior staff members of the National Institute on their job-related skills and career potential. Aging recently visited the campus of the Courses, provided th rough Montgomery Charles Drew Postgraduate School of Medicine College, are held on the NIH campus, before in Los Angeles to conduct a seminar for the and after work hours. medical school faculty. The seminar was mod­ Attending an Open House celebrating the erated by NIA's equal employment opportunity program's start were Dick Sherbert, chairman officer, Vivian Betton. of the Technical Advisory Board, NIH, which oversees the program; Tom Barbour, assistanl NIA Program Discussed director for development and training, DPM, Deputy director Dr. Edward Schneider NIH; Robert Parilla, president, Montgomery opened the program with a brief history of NIA College, and Noreen Lyne, provost for commu­ and a description ol ongoing research on nity services, Montgomery College. Refresh­ aging as well as training in geriatric research ments and a tour of the facility were provided supported by the Institute. Staff from the lnsli­ by TDSP staff. tute·s Biomedical Research and Clinical Medi­ cine (BRCM) Program then explained the mis­ sions of their respective programs and current research priorities Or. Richard Sprott, director of the BRCM pro­ gram, presented information on the Animal Models Program and the Genetics Program: Dr. Schneider Dr. Zaven Khachaturian, chief, Physiology of Aging Branch, provided information on re­ search in that program, particularly on lions who were attending the annual meeting of Alzheimer disease: and Dr. Huber Warner. act­ the Association ol Minority Health Professions ing chief, Molecular and Cellular Biology Schools. Branch, outlined that program's objectives, In particular, the 1nstitut1ons hope to continue emphasizing research exploring mammalian the dialogue with NIA staff in strengthening mechanisms of aging. their research capab1lil1es. One example ol a Dr. Jacqueline Henry, NIA staff fellow, dis­ successful collaborative venture, the Drew/ cussed training opportunities in NIA laborato­ UCLA Medical Education Program. oflers 3 ries at the Gerontology Research Center in years of medical training at UCLA to Drew Uni­ Baltimore and at NIH. versity students who then return to Drew to complete their studies. The first class will grad­ NIH and Montgomery College officials Eligibility Requirements commemorate a new training program's opening uate 24 students in June 1985. Eligibility requirements for the 2-ycar clinical (I to r): Mr. Parilla, Mr. Sherbert, Mr. Barbour, and NIA Hosts Minority Students Ms. Lyne. and research association appointments, the Staff Fellowship Program, and the 1-year Visit­ NIA also hosts minority students in a summer ing Program which allows promising foreign in­ employment program which helps them gain Classes lor new participants will begin in late vestigators to participate in sophisticated experience in the laboratories and offices. One August. Courses will be offered in writing, com­ gerontology research programs, were student. Sharon Austin, who spent two consec­ puters, interpersonal communications, and time discussed. utive summers at the Institute, and is now a management, and many other areas. Course These programs not only enhance trainees' third-year medical student at Drew/UCLA. will credits can be used toward a college degree. knowledge and capabilities, but provide a vehi­ graduate in June 1986 with plans to become a For further information, contact the NIH Train­ cle tor increasing the number of NIA minority geriatrician and continue a career in aging ing Center, 496-6211 . 0 staff scientists. research. While at the Drew campus, Dr. Schneider NIA hopes to influence many more minority had an opportunity to speak to the deans, pres­ students to pursue careers in the field of ident. and faculty of prominent minority 1nstitu- aging. Extramural Programs Committee To Hold Research Fraud Forum

The next Extramural Programs Management Committee Expanded Forum will be held on Thursday, June 20, in the Clinical Center, 14th fir. auditorium, from 1 to 3 p.m. Dr. Penelope J. Greene, a research fellow al the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, will present an overview of a paper she coauthored on the topic "Allegations of Re­ search Fraud Institutional Response." She also will describe some of her experiences while conducting a background survey on the cur­ rent institutional policies for responding to alle­ gations of research fraud. The EPMC invites all NIH staff to attend this forum, at which there will be an opportunity tor questions and discussion. Shown are participants at the seminar held by NIA staffers at the Charles Drew Postgraduate School For additional information call, 496-5366. □ of Medicine in Los Angeles, Calif.

June 18, 1985 The NIH Record Page 7 Brain and Stress Play Role in Initiating Some Diseases

Can stress contribute lo the development of opiate-like compounds involved in a range of disease? Many people believe it can. And now physiological processes, including natural pain a team of biomedical researchers has provided relief, may be at least partly responsible for the physical evidence for that possibility and for tumor-enhancing and immune-suppressing ef­ the brain's involvement in immunological fects of stress. function. To test that possibility, the researchers com­ Scientists at the University of California, Los pared the activity of natural killer cells in rats Angeles (UCLA), have shown that a single exposed lo two forms of stress. One form is dose of morphine, injected into the brain, sup­ known to stimulate the release of natural presses the activity of the tumor-destroying im­ opioids. The other does not. mune cells known as natural killers. The investigators found that the opioid They also demonstrated that a form of stress stress. but not the nonopioid stress suppressed known to cause the release of natural natural killer (cells) activity. Opioid stress also morphine-like compounds in the brain sup­ enhanced mammary tumor growth In the labo­ presses natural killer activity and enhances ratory rats. mammary (breast) tumor growth in laboratory In further experiments, the UCLA team tested rats. the effects of morphine on natural killer activity. Yehuda Shavit, Antoine Depaulis, Gregory W. They found that a single dose given Or. Lawrence Friedman has recently been ap­ Terman, Fredricks C. Martin and Ors. Robert systematically can suppress natural killer activ­ pointed chief of the Clinical Trials Branch, Na­ tional Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Dr. Peter Gale, and John Liebeskind reported their ity. They also discovered that morphine in­ Friedman received his medical degree from the research findings at the 69th annual meeting jected directly into the brain at a vastly smaller University of Pittsburgh Medical School in 1969. (Apr. 21-26) of the Federation of American So­ dose (only one-thousandth of the systemic He served his internship and residency at the cieties for Experimental Biology in Anaheim, dose) could also suppress natural killer activity. Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Conn. Dr. Friedman Calif. FASEB, located in Bethesda, Md , is a The UCLA scientists drew two important con­ Joined the United States Public Health Service and nonprofit organization actively involved in clusions from their research results. First. natu­ the NHLBI Clinical Trials Branch in July 1972. disseminating new knowledge in the life ral op1oids modulate the immune response. Among the clinical trials he has had major In­ sciences. Second, the brain exercises some control over volvement in the coronary drug project, the as­ Several studies have indicated that stress the initiation and development of certain dis­ pirin myocardial infarction study, the beta-blocker heart attack trial, and the cardiac arrhythmia pilot has an adverse effect on the immune system. ease processes, including cancer. study. But just what mediates that effect has remained The UCLA study was supported by a grant a mystery. from the National Institutes of Health and a gift The UCLA scientists have been exploring the lrorn the Brotman Foundation.--FASEB Feature possibility that natural opioids, a system of Service D New NICHD Publications

Developmental Dyslexia and Related Read­ Grounds Maintenance Employees Receive Recognition ing Disorders, an illustrated brochure, defines dyslexia and explores the possible causes of this and other reading disorders. Twenty-one employees of the Grounds Main­ _,,.:,rms of winters 1983 and 1984. With the aid The 59-page pamphlet also discusses teach­ tenance and Landscaping Branch, Division of of 16 It, wide loader snow baskets, trucks, ing methods, lists volunteer resource agencies Engineering Services, recently received tractors, and hand shovels they clear the 18 serving dyslexics, their families, and profes­ awards for their outstanding performance dur­ miles of sidewalks, 13 miles of roadways and sionals, and makes recommendations for future ing snow and leaf removal operations on the 49 acres of parking at NIH Bethesda and the research. NIH campus. Thomas Cook, chief, GMLB and Animal Center at Poolesville. Other publications in the NICHD series are: Paul Jarvis, director, DES, presented the During the "Blizzard" of '83 this group Facts About Anorexia Nervosa awards at a special ceremony held on May 10. cleared many areas of the campus three times Facts About Cesarean Childbirth Twenty of these employees were given during one weekend, keeping the roadways Facts About Childhood Hyperactivity awards for their "hard work and long hours" and some parking open during the entire Facts About Down Syndrome for Women Over 35 during the repeated heavy snow and ice storm. Facts About Dysmenorrhea and Premenstrual Syndrome Facts About Precocious Puberty Facts About Pregnancy and Smoking Facts About Premature Birth Facts About Oral Contraceptives Single copies of these pamphlets may be or­ dered free of charge from NICHD's Office of Research Reporting, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 31, Rm. 2A32, Bethesda, MD 20205 0

Tennis Club Offers Lessons

The R&W Tennis Club has arranged with Washington Tennis Services to give group ten­ nis lessons alter work at the NIH courts. The fee is $40 per 4-week session which meets Monday and Wednesdays from 6:30 to 7:30 p.m. and 7:30 to 8:30 p.m. GMLB award recipients and presenters, (I to r) front row; Paul Jarvis, presenter; David Brown, Freeman Membership in the NIH Tennis Club is not re­ Miller, Robert Damuth, Lynn Mueller, Aut Fuller, John Fitzgerald, Willie Cade, Charles Fillah, Harry Hill, quired, but students must be employees or Nathaniel Swindler, Thomas Cook, presenter. Back row: Leo Smith, Robert Breeden, Charlie Jackson, spouses. Donald Lampkins, Elmer Lazarus, Alvin Henderson, Roosevelt Lee. Not shown: William Dodson, Paul For further information call, Barry Balthrup at Dorsey, George Perkins, Walter Jones. 723-1355 or 654-3770. D

Page 8 The NIH Record June 18, 1985 NIA Director Receives Dr. Edgar E. Hanna Elected to AAM's Bd. of Governors Two Geriatric Awards Or. Edgar E. Hanna of the National lns1itute Dr. T. Franklin Williams, NIA Director, deliv­ of Child Health and Human Development has ered the Benedict E. Abrau Memorial address been elected to the Board of Governors of the at the 26th Annual National Student Research American Academy of Microbiology (AAM) for Forum sponsored by the University of Texas a 3-year term beginning July 1. The AAM is a Medical Branch at Galveston on Apr. 12. component of the American Society for Micro­ Chosen for his reputation as a nationally emi­ biology (ASM). nent authority on aging and geriatric medicine, Dr. Hanna is chief of the Section on Dr. Williams joins such past distinguished lmmunorcgulalion and Cellular Control in the guest speakers as Drs. James B. Wyngaarden Laboratory of Developmental and Molecular Im­ and Donald S. Fredrickson, the current and munity in NICHD's Intramural Program. former NIH Directors. A former chairman of the immunology divi­ Dr. Williams also received the Alex Haley sion of ASM. Dr. Hanna is currently completing Gerontology Award from the East Tennessee a 2-year term as the Divisional Group 1 repre­ Hospital in Knoxville in April. sentative which includes five related divisions, The theme of Dr. Williams' speech at the stu­ as well as immunology. dent research forum, "Research and Teaching In this capacity, he is responsible for in Aging: A Challenge to Medical Students," planning and coordinating the Divisional emphasized the need for continued high qual­ Group's scientific sessions for the annual ASM ity research in aging. He discussed the chal­ meeting. Dr. Hanna lenge facing medical and other health profes­ Last year Dr. Hanna gave the Foundation for sional students to learn more about geriatrics in Microbiology Lecture, sponsored by the ASM. various universities and meetings throughout order to meet the special needs of increasing He also spoke on the research of his section al the country. D numbers of older people. The National Student Research Forum hosts representatives from all major fields of medical research and from over 50 medical schools Technical Editor Retires After Nearly 40 Years at NCI and hospitals throughout the U.S. and Canada. The Alex Haley Gerontology Award was es­ Mercedes B. La Charity. technical publica­ hundreds of pages may be involved at one tablished in recognition of and with the support tions editor for the Journal of the National Can­ time." of Mr. Haley, who has emphasized the impor­ cer Institute (JNCI), retired Apr. 1 after nearly Mrs. La Charity's extraordinary eye for detail tance of older people in his own life and in his 40 years with NCI. In 1945, she began work at is not limited to manuscripts. Mr. Haugh says writings. It honors individuals who have had a the newly formed NCI Cancer Control Branch that she also has a deep appreciation for beau­ positive impact and made significant contribu­ and later worked in the office of the chief of lilul things in nature. tions to the lives of older adults and who have nursing section, then housed in the old tempo­ She has long been an avid traveller and now enhanced public understanding of aging. rary building, T-6. where Bldg. 31 now stands. plans to see more of the world during retire­ Dr. Williams was nominated for his leader­ Soon after finishing business college in 1930, ment. Among her varied travels have been: two ship in developing multidisciplinary educational Mrs. La Charity began her Federal career as a African safaris, two trips to China, several programs and geriatric medicine fellowships, senior stenographer to the Indian agent on a cruises to places like the South Seas, and a for publishing extensively in the field of physio­ reservation in Shawnee, Okla. She lived on the camping trip in the Gobi Desert in Mongolia. D logical research, and contributing significantly reservation for nearly 3 years, keeping records to the literature on the social and psychological of five Indian tribes and accompanying the aspects of aging. D agent when he took depositions on legal mat­ ters from the Indians. She then returned to her home in Gibson City, Ill., an old railroad town near Chicago. While taking a court reporting course in Chicago, she met her husband, Lawrence, who later worked as a court reporter on Capitol Hill until he retired. During the Depression, Mrs. La Charity held 6-month Federal appointments with the Railway Mail, the Labor Relations Board. the Navy De­ partment, and the Social Security Administra­ tion. She left work in 1936 to raise a daughter. In 1942 she and her family moved to Bethesda. Joined NCI in 1956 In 1956 she joined the JNCI staff as a secre­ tary. In 3 years she was promoted to technical Members of the Division of Research Grants took the new DAG exhibit on the Grant Application publications editor. For 26 years she edited Peer Review System to the recent Division of Re­ thousands of journal articles and several mono­ search Resources-supported Minority Biomedical graphs for grammar, clarity, text organization. Research Support Symposium (MBRS) In Miami. reference consistency, and artwork accuracy. Shown (center I to r) handing out DAG Information Edwin Haugh, JNCI managing editor, says, to MBRS attendees are: Dr. Faye Calhoun, execu­ "Mercedes has an eye for details. Sometimes tive secretary, Toxicology Study Section; Sue she picked up typos in manuscripts and proofs David S. Dwyer, Division of Research Grants, was Meadows, public affairs specialist, Grants Inquir­ after they had been checked by two or three a Special Recognition Winner In the Ninth Annual ies Office; Emma Twyman, DRG Equal Employ­ people." Metropolitan Volunteer Activist Awards, held May ment Opportunity specialist; and Dr. Michael Joan Rodriguez, who worked with Mrs. La 5 and sponsored by the Voluntary Action Centers Rogers, executive secretary, Bio-organic and Nat­ of Washington, D.C-, and Prince George's, Mont­ ural Products Chemistry Study Section. Dr. Charity for more than 20 years, remembers gomery, Alexandria, Arlington, Fairfax and Prince Lynwood Jones, not shown, executive secretary, Mercedes as an organized, competent worker. William Counties. Mr. Dwyer was recognized tor Clinical Sciences Study Section, also attended the "She always had those galleys and page his work with the Bethesda-Chevy Chase Rescue Symposium. proofs under control, which is not easy when Squad.

June 18, 1985 The NIH Record Page 9 U.S., Israeli and Egyptian Scientists Discuss Progress BLACKS AND CANCER Of Cooperative Research Project on Near East Diseases (Continued from Page 1)

Two Egyptian scienfists traveled to Israel in international journals. As a result of these meet­ Studies indicate that habits and lifestyles and May for an unprecedented meeting with Ameri­ ings, it is hoped scientists from Egypt will soon access to medical care, rather than biological can and Israeli scientists to discuss progress be able to work, study and teach in Israel. characteristics, are the chief cause of higher on a cooperative research project to study dis­ Dr. Sherif El-Said is the project's principal in­ cancer rates among blacks, Or. OeVita said, eases important to the Near East. vestigator at Ain Shams. and his counterpart in explaining the specially targeted campaign. "We're pointing this extra effort where it's needed," he said. "More lives can be saved if those who are most at risk learn the steps that can reduce those risks." A national survey conducted by NCI showed that Americans lack factual information about cancer and are skeptical of their ability to do anything about it for themselves. An American Ganeer Society (ACS) survey found that many black people cling to the myth that "cancer is contagious." To provide factual information on preventing cancer, NCI last year introduced a public serv­ ice campaign, encouraging Americans to call the Cancer Information Service at 1-800-4-CANCER for a free booklet on cancer

American, Egyptian and Israeli scientists at the May meeting in Israel were (I to r): Ors. Rami Rachaminof, dean, faculty of medicine, Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University in Jerusalem; Adel Gad, Ain Shams University, Cairo; Rachel Gatun, Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Hebrew University; Mord Gur, Minister of Health, Israel; Sherif El-Said, Ain Shams University; Sanford F. Kuvin, founder and chairman of the international board, Kuvin Center at Hebrew University; and Dr. Karl Western, chief of NIAID's Office of Tropical Medicine and International Research (OTMIR}, Bethesda. Also attending, but not shown were: Dr. Bernard Talbot, deputy director, NIAID; Dr. Robert Gwadz, NIAID's Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases; Steph'anie Sagebiel, international program officer, OTMIR, Bethesda; and Dr. Fred Feinsod, visiting NIAID scientist at Ain Shams-Photo courtesy oi o,. Robert Gwadz

Accepting the "Year 2,000 Award" for Aretha Sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy Israel is Or. Rachel Galun at the Kuvin Center. Franklln were the Rev. Cecil Franklin, her brother, and Infectious Diseases, which administers the NIAID's Dr. Karl Western is project officer, and and singer Brenda Corbett (c), her cousin. Dr. project, the meeting was also attended by rep­ Dr. Robert Gwadz ol NIAIO's laboratory of Par­ Vincent DeVita Jr., NCI Director (r), made the resentatives of the Agency for International De­ asitic Diseases is the principal scientific presentation. velopment (AID), the agency responsible for advisor. funding, and the science attaches lrom the As another example of regional cooperation, More than 35,000 persons called the toll-free U.S. Embassies in Cairo and in Tel Aviv. Dr. Galun recently spent 6 months In Dr. number in the first 6 months of the campaign to The 5-year project, which began in 1981 , Gwadz' laboratory working with him on studies ask for the booklet and additional information was developed by the U.S , Egypt and Israel of the blood-feeding behavior or mosquitoes about cancer prevention. Although blacks following the Camp David peace accords as a and advising an Egyptian graduate student make up more than 11 percent of the popula­ means to study diseases of major public health from Ain Shams University on a malaria project. tion, fewer than 7 percent of callers were black. importance to the Near East as well as to pro­ Or. Gwadz said that this historic meeting according to call records of the Cancer Infor­ mote peace in the area. Current research in­ ended on a "note of optimism and enthusiasm." mation Service. volves such arthropod-borne diseases as ma­ with "all scientists looking forward to continued laria and Rift Valley fever and leishmaniasis and increased cooperation ,n areas of research Underestimate Cancer (various infections of the skin and mucous that are of such vital importance to the Near Within black communities many people tend membranes.) East."O to underestimate the number of blacks who get The projects are being conducted at two of cancer, the ACS survey showed. When ques­ the leading research institutions in the Near tioned, many people responded. ''If you get it, East-the Research and Training Center on Paid Volunteers for Foster Care there is nothing you can do about it." Vectors of Disease at Ain Shams University in Of Elderly and Disabled Sought Besides the media campaign, NCI officials Cairo, and the Kuvin Center for the Study of In­ have joined major black organizations in a Joint fectious and Tropical Diseases at Hebrew Uni­ Want to earn extra income while helping an Health Venture, a communty-based long-range versity in Jerusalem. Scientists hope to expand elderly or disabled adult to live in the effort to drive down the cancer rate and deaths their research to include filariasis, tick-borne community? among black Americans. rickettsial diseases, and perhaps other disease Montgomery County seeks residents to pro­ NCl's cancer prevention campaign will con­ agents endemic in that area of the world vide foster care in their own homes to individu­ tinue for 5 years, focusing on additional high The project, to date, has been marked by a als in need of personal care and supervision. risk audiences as well as the general public O continuous flow of information benefiting both The county provides training and support countries. Scientists from the Kuvin Center systems. have become regular research workers and Compensation is $438 to $616 per month, The only way to keep your health is 10 eat whar you lecturers at Ain Shams in Egypt, and a number depending on the level of care the client don't want. drink what you don't lrke, and do what of Joint publications have recently appeared in needs. Call Barbara Rosenbaum, 468-4411. 0 you'd rather nol.-Mark Twain

Page 10 The NIH Record June 18, 1985 Dr. Loretta Leive, NIADDK, Gets Alice Evans Award HUGHES SCHOLARS For Significant Contributions to Microbiology (Continued from Page 1) The scholars will work closely with leading Dr. Loretta Leive, chief, Membrane Biology scientists in NIH laboratories, conducting stud­ Section, Laboratory of Structural Biology, ies in molecular genetics, immunology, meta­ NIADDK recently received the Al ice Evans bolic control and the neurosciences. Award from the Committee on the Status of The program, which will provide research Women Microbiologists. American Society for training for 9 to 12 months. is primarily aimed at Microbiology (ASM). This award is given only students who have completed the second year when there is a scientist meritorious enough to of medical school. It is designed to help in­ receive it. crease the vitality of American biomedical re­ Dr. Leive is the second woman to be so s-earch and continue the flow of new physicians honored. into research centers. The award commemorates the significant The Hughes Institute is supporting the pro­ contributions to the field of microbiology of Dr. gram with about $10.5 million for the first 5 Alice Evans who is most noted for her studies years, including salaries: travel and miscellane­ in dairy bacteriology. In the face of ridicule, Dr. ous support for the scholars; and building reno­ Evans persisted in her studies of the genus vations and construction of residential quarters, Bruce/la and proved that raw cow's milk trans­ classrooms, and teaching laboratories at the mits brucellosis. Her work was largely responsi­ Mary Woodard Lasker Center for Health Re­ ble for making possible the control of this . search and Education on the NIH campus. debili tating disease. The National Institutes of Health is providing Dr. Evans established many firsts for women the research training, cooperating in the selec­ in the field of microbiology. In 1928 her scien­ tion of students, counseling, teaching, and in tific peers elected her as the first woman presi­ follow-up with students upon their return to dent of the Society of American Bacteriologists, Dr. Leive medical school. now the ASM. She obtained fellowships. held surtace structure of bacteria composed of The Hughes Institute includes among its pro­ positions and served on committees lipopolysaccharides. She has studied the rela­ grams the maintenance of biomedical research traditionally reserved for men. tionship of this structure to the life of the bacte­ laboratories in affiliation with more than In her memory the award is given to individu­ rium and also its role in disease. These studies 1 2-research-intensive teaching hospitals and als, male as well as female, who have made have contributed not only to the field of micro­ academic medical centers dispersed over the major contributions toward the full participation biology, but to the related fields of biochemis­ United States. D of women in microbiology. try, pharmacology and immunology. Dr. Leive was cited for her "excellence in sci­ For instance, the study of this surface struc­ ence and for her tireless efforts to promote ture of bacteria and how it aids the organism in equality of women in the profession of microbi­ its everyday life, has been important in study­ Dr. Leive has also studied how the bacterium ology and within the American Society for ing how antibiotics are sometimes excluded uses these structures to invade the host organ­ Microbiology." from bacteria, and ultimately in synthesizing ism and how that organism defends itself Dr. Leive's research career has focused on a more effective antibiotics. against the deleterious effects of the surface structures. Recent studies in this area have en­ Dr. Ruth Kirschstein, NIGMS Director, Receives abled Dr. Leive to define a new mechanism of virulence and its corresponding defense. Honorary Doctor of Laws Degree From Atlanta U. Dr. Leive has been instrumental in estab­ lishing committees on the status of women both Dr. Ruth L. Kirschstein, Director of the Na­ for the American Society of Biological Chemists tional Institute of General Medical Sciences, re­ and the American Society for Microbiology ceived an honorary Doctor of Laws degree Both committees are an important force in from Atlanta University at its commencement bringing the problems of women in the sci­ exercises on May 20. ences to the attention of their widely-respected This honor is in recognition of the excellence parent organizations. of Dr. Kirschstein's many contributions as a re­ In addition. her work with the ASM group has search scientist, administrator and leader to a included the first in-depth analysis of the Na­ broad range of health and scientific activities. tional Science Foundation's data on women in The citation adds that in her career, Dr. the sciences. This study documented lower Kirschstein has proven "that a bureaucrat can status and salary of women in the sciences in­ be a giving, caring. compassionate human be­ dependent of their marital obligations or publi­ ing dedicated to improvement of the human cation record. These results were published in condition." several places, including the journal Dr. Kirschstein came to NIH in 1956 as a medical officer in the CC Clinical Pathology De­ Science. □ partment. From 1957 to 1972, she was with the Division of Biologics Standards (now the FDA Center for Drugs and Biologics), where she Canoe and Camp With R&W worked on means to assure the safety of viral vaccines for such diseases as polio, measles R&W will leave NIH on Friday evening, June and rubella. Dr. Kirschstein 21 and set up camp in the George Washington She developed the "monkey safety test" for National Forest. (Tent rental is available from live polio-virus vaccines and became a recog­ has been director of NIGMS since 1974. Shenandoah Outfitters at a nominal fee .) The nized authority on the performance and inter­ Among Dr. Kirschstein's other honors are: outing starts in the morning on the Shenandoah pretation of the test and on the neurovirulence the DHEW Superior Service Award in 1971 ; the River. Equipment, maps, and transportation are of viruses. She is the author of over 70 research PHS Superior Service Award in 1978; the Presi­ provided. publications. dential Meritorious Executive Rank Award in A river-side lunch and a steak dinner will be In 1972, Dr. Kirschstein became acting dep­ 1980; election to the Institute of Medicine, Na­ provided by the Outfitters staff. uty director of the Bureau of Biologics and in tional Academy of Sciences, in 1982; and an The cost is $29 per person. Sign up at the 1973, deputy associate commissioner for sci­ honorary Doctor of Science Degree from the Activities Desk, Bldg. 31, or the Westwood ence of the Food and Drug Administration. She Mount Sinai School of Medicine. in 1984. D R&W Gift Shop. rJ

June 18, 1985 The NIH Record Page 11 Dr. Albert Sabin Gets Rotary's Highest Award New Electron Microscope For Worldwide Efforts to Eradicate Polio Topic of Writer's Seminar Dr. Albert B. Sabin, developer of the oral po­ ''The New Electron Microscopy: Imaging the lio vaccine, accepted Rotary's highest honor Chemistry of Cells" will be the topic of an NIH and challenged Rotarians to act swiftly to end Science Writers Seminar on June 27 from 9 polio around the world in Kansas City, Mo. on a.m. until noon in the ACRF Amphitheater in May 27. Bldg. 10 Dr. Sabin, senior expert consultant at the The moderator will be Dr. Murray Eden, chief, Fogarty International Center, received the Ro­ Biomedical Engineering and Instrumentation tary Award for World Understanding for his Branch, DRS. dedication to improving the lives of people Charles Fiori, a BEIB physicist, will describe throughout the world, discovery of the oral polio how NIH's analytical electron microscope vaccine, and his untiring work to bring about (AEM) produces images of the distribution of the vaccination of billions of people against chemical elements in a sample. The sophistica­ polio. ted system-the only one with such capabilities The award covers 10 scholarships worth in the United States- is composed of a $110,000 to students in developing countries to scanning transmission electron microscope study abroad during 1986--87 in Dr. Sabin's and a digital computer. The AEM was devel­ name. The scholarships are provided by The oped by a team of physicists and engineers Rotary Foundation of Rotary International. from SEIB and computer scientists from As the 1985 recipient, Dr. Sabin will select 10 DCRT's Computer Systems Laboratory. students from developing countries to study Dr. Richard Ornberg, a senior staff fellow in abroad during 1986--87 as Dr. Albert Sabin Ro­ the Laboratory of Cell Biology and Genetics, Dr. Albert B. Sabin addresses the Rotary Interna­ tary Foundation Scholars. Like the 14,500 Ro­ NIADDK, has been using the AEM to study the tional Convention after receiving Rotary's highest biochemical mechanisms of secretory cells. He tary Foundation Scholars from 110 countries honor, the Rotary Award for World Understanding. will discuss the chemical events that occur preceding them, the Sabin scholars will be Photo by Jim Maidot charged with actively promoting international when secretory cells release their internally­ understanding. They will have the added re­ Dr. Sabin is advisor to that program. stored materials. sponsibility of working in the name of a man Rotary will provide all the polio vaccines nec­ Dr. Brian Andrews, a special expert in the devoted to preventing human suffering. essary for up to live consecutive years for any Laboratory of Neurobiology, NINCDS, will de­ "I am particularly moved by this award and approved city, state, country, or regional immu­ scribe his use of the AEM to obtain a complete this day because of the theme, 'Peace Through nization program-either as part of annual na­ sampling of calcium distribution in brain synap­ Friendship,"' said Dr. Sabin, referring to the tional days of immunization against polio or ses. These experiments are important for deter­ day's convention theme-'Friendship is needed through other delivery tactics, in overall support mining the presence, identity, and activity of to bring peace.' of the WHO Expanded Program of Immuniza­ calcium storage sites in the brain, as well as "The threat of nuclear war to world peace is a tion. the possible role for these sites in higher brain greater threat to mankind than all infectious dis­ Rotary will make available to any less­ functions and in certain dementias. eases put together," said Dr. Sabin and he developed country, upon invitation, a team of A variant of the AEM, the electron beam called for greater friendship and collaboration, experts to help assess, plan, implement, and X-ray microanalyzer, has been used by a team not competition, between the world's evaluate a plan for annual national days of im­ led by Dr. Ralph Garruto, a senior research bi­ superpowers. munization against polio. ologist in the Laboratory of Central Nervous Referring to Rotary's Polio 2005 Program to In each country targeted tor such cam­ System Studies, NINCDS. control polio in developing countries, Dr. Sabin paigns, a committee of Rotarians, in conJunc­ They were able to image for the first time said, "I hope you will dedicate yourselves to tion with Rotary's expert team and national and high concentrations of certain metals in brain work until the objective-which can be local health officials, will seek to motivate and tissue from patients on Guam who had amyo­ achieved-will be achieved." use resources of the private business and pro­ trophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism­ The World Health Organization (WHO) esti­ fessional sectors. dementia. These two neurological diseases mates there are up to 500,000 new cases of Combating polio is not Dr. Sabin's only previously occurred in high incidence in the polio annually, almost entirely in the developing cause. He has made major research advances Chamorro natives there. Dr. Garruto will pres­ countries within the world's tropical zones. against pneumonia, encephalitis, sandfly lever, ent his findings and their epidemiologic Through the Polio 2005 Program, Rotary In­ and other diseases. He has also developed an implications. ternational is pledging $120 million to immunize aerosol immunization against measles, which Following the seminar, there will be a demon­ all children in developing nations against the kills 2 million children in underdeveloped coun­ stration of the AEM system for reporters. crippling disease by 2005, the international tries every year. □ For additional information, call Bobbi service club association's 100th anniversary. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1985--461-310/10019 Bennett. 496-1766. D

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