DOCSLIB.ORG

Resurrection

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Resurrection THE CITY RESURRECTION A Publication of Houston Baptist University SPRING 2016 T H E C I T Y A selection from Article 4, Question 54, Third Part of the Summa Theologiae, written by Thomas Aquinas in the 13th Century A.D. From the Blackfriars translation, edited and translated by Thomas Gilby, et al., McGraw Hill, 1976. It was fitting that in the resurrection Christ’s soul take up once more a body with wounds. This was so first of all for the sake of his own glory, for Bede tells us that he persevered his wounds not from any inability to cure them, but that there might be a perpetual sign of his glorious triumph. Augustine continues this line of reasoning, Perhaps in the kingdom of God we shall see on the bodies of the martyrs marks of those wounds which they received for the sake of Christ’s name; in their bodies this will not be a sign of deformity but of dignity. From these wounds, though they are in the body, will shine forth a beauty which is not from the body but is the result of virtue. A publication of Houston Baptist University S p r i n g 2016 ooo T he C ity p u b l i S h e r Robert Sloan e d i t o r S Jerome Johnston Craig A. Evans Jeffrey Green Jeremiah J. Johnston S t u d e n t e d i t o r Cullen Ware C ontributing W r i t e r S John Granger Cook Craig A. Evans Collin Garbarino Gary R. Habermas Jeremiah J. Johnston Michael R. Licona Louis Markos Pheme Perkins Charles L. Quarles Barrie M. Schwortz Daniel R. Streett James P. Ware Phillip H. Wiebe THE CITY Volume IX, Issue 1 Copyright 2016 Houston Baptist University. All rights reserved by original authors except as noted. Letters and submissions to this journal are welcomed. Cover art Ressurection by Luca Giordano (c. 1665). Email us at [email protected], and visit us online at hbu.edu/TheCity. Spring 2016 CONTENTS Resurrection Craig A. Evans on The Resurrection of Jesus in the Light of Jewish Burial P ractices 7 Gary R. Habermas on The Resurrection of Jesus in Contemporary Theology 15 Michael R. Licona on What are the P rimary Sources for Jesus’s Resurrection? 23 Pheme Perkins on Witnesses to Resurrection 31 Charles L. Quarles on P aul as a Witness to the Resurrection of Jesus 39 James P. Ware on Jesus’s Resurrection and Ours According to P aul the Apostle 48 Daniel R. Streett on Rome and the Risen Jesus 57 Barrie M. Schwortz on F ive Reasons Why Some Christians are Shroud Skeptics 67 Phillip H. Wiebe on The Resurrection 77 John Granger Cook on Resurrection in P aganism and the Resurrection of Jesus Christ 86 Jeremiah J. Johnston on How Early Critics and Objectors Confirm the T ruth of the Easter Story 95 Collin Garbarino on Martyrdom and the Resurrection 109 Louis Markos on And W e Believe in the Resurrection of the Dead 117 3 The City 4 Spring 2016 Editor’s Noteh Jeffrey Green am proud to present to you the Spring 2016 issue of The City. This issue has been a joy to work on as the theme has been resurrection. I have had a long standing academic interest in resurrection, both Iwith reference to Christ’s resurrection but also the general resurrection of the dead. No doubt some of this interest is because of the way in which other philosophical areas I am interested in interact with the rich theological themes in these discussions. For example, resurrection brings to mind questions involving the mind-body problem, personal identity, philosophy of time, and composition.1 More importantly, however, is that the idea of resurrection itself is one I find to be a particularly celebratory concept. The raising of the dead is not always thought of in a celebratory context. Indeed, I would argue that our current culture’s most salient reference point to the dead rising is the vast amount of television, video games, comics, books and other media that are focused on narratives involving various undead monsters and in particular vampires and zombies. While these examples are not technically cases of resurrection (the term “undead” itself gestures at the common trope in the various mythologies that the monsters are still dead but somehow animated) I think in this case the technicality is often missed and beside the point. Whether dead or in some other state, the creatures that occupy these stories act very much like a living thing in that they move, feed, speak, show intelligence, etc. Thus, whether actually resurrected or not, they are in some sense raised and it behooves us to distinguish the resurrection promised by the Bible with the corpses on our television. I think it is hard for some Christians to feel joy in discussing resurrection 1 For those interested in learning more about analytic philosophy and its intersection with resurrection, I encourage you to see my Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on this subject: http://www.iep.utm.edu/resurrec/ 5 The City because it does involve death. There is a sense of morbidness about such discussions. Augustine, for example, feels compelled to address in chapter 20, book 22 of the The City of God what would happen to the body in the resurrection if a cannibal had digested parts of the corpse. That is not a discussion one likes to have at the dinner table. In addition, the media that I referenced before often paints existence after death as, at best, a tormented existence. The cravings of the undead never are sated and a strong sense of alienation is part of their lives. Even in a non-monstrous portrayal of reborn life we find a dark lining. The eponymous character of the television series Dr. Who is close to immortal given his numerous “regenerations” (again, not quite resurrection) and is portrayed not just with happiness but also a deep sense of sadness at such loss and pain his long life brings. The Christian story about resurrection is much different than what our culture offers. It is not just another shot to live longer with the same cravings. Rather, it is the fruit of Christ’s work that reconciled us with God. The existence we look forward to is not more of the same but a life where we live with God in the New Heaven and the New Earth. Without Christ’s death and resurrection this hope is worthless. As Paul writes “If we have hoped in Christ in this life only, we are of all men most to be pitied.” (1 Corinthians 15:19, NASB). Christ’s resurrection is the foundation of our hope. In this issue we bring you articles that are focused on Christ’s resurrection and the general resurrection of the dead. The articles pursue a wide range of topics from the Shroud of Turin to the various eye- witness accounts of Christ’s resurrection to the way Christ’s resurrection was understood by early Christians. I hope that you are blessed as much as I was by reading the works of these great scholars. He is risen! JEFFREY GREEN, PhD, is an Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Houston Baptist University where he serves as the director of the Institute of Christianity and Scholarship and the interim dean of The Graduate School. 6 Spring 2016 The Resurrection of Jesus in the light of jewish burial practices Craig A. Evans he resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth, who was put to death on a Roman cross, in Jerusalem, in the early spring of either AD 30 or 33, lies at the very heart of Christian faith and is the principal datum that accounts for the emergence of the Christian church. Skeptics, not surprisingly, express doubt. They usually say that the resurrection story is legend, myth, inadequately Tsupported by eyewitness testimony, or the result of some elaborate hoax or conspiracy. In recent years a number of skeptics, including scholars who ought to know better, have charged that the story of the burial of Jesus itself is unhistorical, that Roman law did not in fact permit the burial of the crucified, and that the story of the burial is therefore simply part of early Christian apologetic, designed to confirm the story of the resurrection. A few of these scholars have suggested that in all probability the body of Jesus was not buried but left hanging on the cross or at best was cast into a ditch where it was mauled by animals. Skepticism regarding the burial of Jesus is ill-founded, in the light of Roman law and Jewish law, custom, and practice. The present essay will review both of these elements. ROMAN LAW ACCORDING TO THE DIGESTA Roman law regarding the burial of the executed is far more nuanced — and lenient — than many suppose. In the Digesta, compiled by Roman emperor Justinian in the sixth century (AD 530–533) but comprising a great deal of law from the first and second centuries, we find important 7 The City and relevant material in chapter 24 of book 48. All three of the paragraphs that make up chapter 24, the final chapter, entitled De cadaveribus punitorum (“On the bodies of the punished”), are helpful. I shall treat paragraphs §1 and §3, both of which directly bear on the question of the burial of the executed. §1 Ulpian, Duties of Proconsul, book 9: The bodies of those who are condemned to death should not be refused their relatives; and the Divine Augustus, in the Tenth Book of his Life, said that this rule had been observed.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Printable PDF Copy of the 4-Page CENTURIES
    A Timeline of Major Dates in Western Cultural History – to 1900 500s BC Rise of Greek philosophy in Ionia + Southern Italy / Jewish culture in the East Secularist-Materialists : Thales (early 500s), Anaximander (early 500s), Anaximines (mid 500s) Transcendentalist-Mystics : Pythagoras (mid-late 500s), Solon reforms Athens' constitution along democratic lines (early 500s) Cleisthenes reforms Athens along more fully democratic lines (late 500s) Jewish prophets Isaiah and Jeremiah and their disciples refine monotheistic Judaism 400s BC Golden Age of Greece + Hellenic culture / the “Age of Pericles” in Athens Athenians under Themistocles and Miltiades defeat Darius at Marathon (490) Persians more decisively defeated at Salamis (480 BC) and Platea (479 BC) Mystics : Heraclitus (early 400s), Parmenides (early 400s) Materialists : Anaxagoras (mid 400s), Democritus (late 400s - early 300s) Sophists : Protagoras (mid 400s) Socrates (late 400s) Pericles turns the Delan League into an Athenian empire (ca. 460-430 BC) Athens and its allies fight Sparta and its allies in the Peloponnesian Wars (431-404 BC) destroying Athens, devastating the rest of Greece and ending the Golden Age of Greece 300s BC Decline of Classic Hellenic-Greek culture / Rise of Alexander and Hellenistic culture Plato (early 300s) and Aristotle (mid 300s) Cynics/Skeptics : Diogenes (early 300s), Pyrrho of Ellis (late 300s), Macedonian/Greek Alexander the Great conquers from the Nile to the Indus (334-323 BC) Hellenistic (mixture of Greek + Eastern) culture is thus born At his
    [Show full text]
  • Genealogical Fictions This Page Intentionally Left Blank Genealogical Fictions
    Genealogical Fictions This page intentionally left blank Genealogical Fictions Cultural Periphery and Historical Change in the Modern Novel JOBST WELGE Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore © 2015 Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. Published 2015 Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Mary land 21218- 4363 www .press .jhu .edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Welge, Jobst, 1969– Genealogical fi ctions : cultural periphery and historical change in the modern novel / Jobst Welge. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4214-1435-5 (hardcover) — ISBN 978-1-4214-1436-2 (electronic) — ISBN 1-4214-1435-X (hardcover) — ISBN 1-4214-1436-8 (electronic) 1. European fi ction—19th century—History and criticism. 2. European fi ction—20th century—History and criticism. 3. Brazilian fi ction—19th century—History and criticism. 4. Brazilian fi ction—20th century—History and criticism. 5. Families in literature. 6. Social change in literature. 7. Social change—Europe. 8. Social change—Brazil. 9. Genealogy—Social aspects. 10. Literature and history. I. Title. II. Title: Cultural periphery and historical change in the modern novel. III. Title: Historical change in the modern novel. PN3499.W45 2014 809.3'9355—dc23 2014011205 A cata log record for this book is available from the British Library. Special discounts are available for bulk purchases of this book. For more information, please contact Special Sales at 410- 516- 6936 or [email protected]. Johns Hopkins University Press uses environmentally friendly book materials, including recycled text paper that is composed of at least 30 percent post- consumer waste, whenever possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Egovernment Factsheet Italy
    Country Profile Highlights Strategy inside Legal Framework Actors Infrastructure Services for Citizens Services for Businesses What’s eGovernment in Italy ISA² Visit the e-Government factsheets online on Joinup.eu Joinup is a collaborative platform set up by the European Commission as part of the ISA² programme. ISA² supports the modernisation of the Public Administrations in Europe. Joinup is freely accessible. It provides an observatory on interoperability and e-Government and associated domains like semantic, open source and much more. Moreover, the platform facilitates discussions between public administrations and experts. It also works as a catalogue, where users can easily find and download already developed solutions. The main services are: Have all information you need at your finger tips; Share information and learn; Find, choose and re-use; Enter in discussion. This document is meant to present an overview of the eGoverment status in this country and not to be exhaustive in its references and analysis. Even though every possible care has been taken by the authors to refer to and use valid data from authentic sources, the European Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the included information, nor does it accept any responsibility for any use thereof. Cover picture © AdobeStock Content © European Commission © European Union, 2018 Reuse is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged. eGovernment in Italy May 2018 Country Profile ......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Turning Points General Church
    TURNING POINTS OF GENERAL CHURCH HISTORY. BY THE REV. EDWARD L. CUTTS, B.A., HoN. D.D. UNIVERSITY OF THE SoUTH, U.S.A., Author of " Turning Point; of Eng/i;I, Church History"; " Constantine"; "C,:a• /emav1e "; "St. Jerome and St. Augusti11e,,, in the Fathers for English Readers; '' S,me Chief 'Truths of Refig;on "; "Pastora/ Counsels"; fsc, SEVENTH THOUSAND. l'UBL!SHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE TRACT COMMITTEI!, LONDON: SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE, 1-0RTHUMBERLASTJ AVENUE, CHARl~G CROSS, W,C.; 4J, Q.YEEN VICTORIA STREET, E.C.; 2.6, ST, GEORGE1S "PT.ACE,- HYDE PARK. CORNER, S.W, BRIGHTON : q;, NORTH STREET. ~EW You:: E. & J. B. YOUNG & co. PREFACE. -+-- Tms is an attempt to .give, within the limits of a small book, some adequate idea of the history of the Church oJ Christ to the thousands of intelligent Church-people who have little previous acquaintance with the subject. The special features of the plan are these :-Pains have been taken to show what the Church is-viz., the Body of Christ informed by the Holy Spirit; the salient points of the history have been selected with a special view to our present ecclesiastical condition; instead of referring the reader to other books_, to which he may not have ready access, foc that sketch of secular history wAich is indispensable to an intelligent grasp of Church history, suc,1 a s ... etch is included. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. THI. WORLD l'RXPARED FOR THE CHURCH. PAGI The three great races-Greek, Jewish, Roman; Greek philosophy­ Epicureanism, Stoicism, Platonism, Eclecticism ; Greek philosophy widely spread by the conquests of Alexander ; The diffusion of the Jews-they bear witness to the unity of God and the promise ui ,a 'saviour; The Roman empire throws down the barriers which divided the nations, and prepares the world for the planting of the Church ..................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hri/Core/Ita/2016
    United Nations HRI/CORE/ITA/2016 International Human Rights Distr.: General 25 July 2016 Instruments Original: English Common core document forming part of the reports of States parties Italy* [Date received: 8 June 2016] * The present document is being issued without formal editing. GE.16-12828(E) HRI/CORE/ITA/2016 Contents Page I. General information ......................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction (Historical background) ............................................................................................... 3 A. Demographic, economic, social and cultural characteristics .................................................. 7 B. Constitutional, political and legal structure of the State .......................................................... 13 II. General framework for the protection and promotion of human rights ............................................ 22 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 22 A. Acceptance of international human rights norms..................................................................... 24 B. Legal framework for the protection of human rights at the national level ............................... 27 C. Framework within which human rights are promoted at the national level ............................. 40 D. Reporting process at the national level ...................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Secret Lives of Intps
    1 The Secret Lives of INTPs by Anna Moss 2 Dedicated to Amy. First published in 2012 Oddly Developed Types © Copyright Anna Moss This book shall be considered to enter the public domain on January 1st, 2018. (You can quote from this book if you like. Be my guest. You don't need to ask.) The material contained in this book is set out in good faith for general guidance and no liability can be accepted for loss or expense incurred as a result of relying in particular circumstances on statements made in the book. 3 Table of Contents A Dark Confession............................................................................................................................11 Cautions about Research; Citation Notes..........................................................................................11 Notes for Type Junkies......................................................................................................................11 A Better Alternative...........................................................................................................................13 Example: An NTIP............................................................................................................................14 Example: A TNPI..............................................................................................................................14 Non-Preferred Functions...................................................................................................................15 Strong Preference(s)..........................................................................................................................15
    [Show full text]
  • Bible Time-Line Will Give You a Quick Chart Picture of History Showing Where the Biblical People, Places, and Events Fit In
    BIBLE TIME-LI NE WORD SIGHT'S Bible Time-line will give you a quick chart picture of history showing where the Biblical people, places, and events fit in. Prominent events and people not mentioned in the Bible will also be included to provide a familiar reference point for those more acquainted with non-Biblical history. Positioned on a timeline this chart will provide a panoramic time perspective from Genesis to Revelation. 400 4 B.C. • God created this world. Adam and Eve were His finishing touch. Gen.1 • The seven-day weekly cycle was established. Gen. 2:2 • The seventh-day Sabbath (rest) was instated. Gen. 2:1-3 • Evil entered this world. Gen. 3 • A deliverer was promised. Gen. 3:15 • Adam and Eve's first two children, Cain and Abel, were born. Gen. 4:1-2 • The first murder was committed. Cain killed Abel and then moved to the eastern land of Nod. Gen. 4:3-16 390 0 B.C. • Cain's first child, Enoch, was born. Enoch fathered sons and daughters. No dates or years were given in the line of Cain. Many discoveries and inventions were ascribed to the mental activity of Cain's posterity. • Seth was born to Adam and Eve. Seth lived 912 years and fathered sons and daughters. Seth carried on Adam's godly family line. • Cain's first grandchild, Irad, son of Enoch was born. 380 0 B.C. • Seth's first son, Enos, was born. Enos lived 905 years and fathered sons and daughters. According to Arabian tradition Enos prohibited intermarriages with the Cainites (descendants of Cain).
    [Show full text]
  • Gesellschaft – Kultur Regno D'italia (1861–1946): State – Politics
    Deutsches Historisches Institut in Rom Istituto Storico Germanico di Roma Livestream Organisation und Kontakt | Organisation and contact Regno d'ItaliaSonderfarbe: (1861–1946): Sonderfarbe: Sonderfarbe: Markus Engelhardt (DHI Rom) Pantone 7482 U Pantone 200 U Pantone Cool Gray 11 U CMYK: CMYK: CMYK: [email protected] Staat – Politik –75/0/77/0 Gesellschaft – Kultur 0/90/90/40 0/0/0/80 Web: Web: Web: # 2dac62 # 9e2511 # 565656 Bitte schreiben Sie zur Anmeldung eine E-Mail an [email protected]. Regno d'Italia (1861–1946): Anmeldeschluss ist der 18. Mai 2021. State – PoliticsSonderfarbe: – Society – Culture Sonderfarbe: For registration please send an e-mail to Pantone 345 U Pantone Warm Gray 2 U CMYK: CMYK: [email protected]. 40/0/50/0 8/8/20/15 The deadline for registration is 18 May 2021. Web: Web: # aad19a # d4cfbd Pantone Warm Gray 2 U Internationale Online-Konferenz Rom, 19. Mai 2021 International Online Conference Fig.: König Viktor Emanuel III. und Königin Elena (1930er Jahre). King Vittorio Emanuele III and Queen Elena (1930s). Rome, 19 May 2021 Im Blick auf das moderne Italien zwischen staatlicher Einigung 1861 Looking at modern Italy between the unification of the state in 1861 und dem Ende des zweiten Weltkriegs überwiegen in der Forschung and the end of the Second World War, research focuses on nation- Fokussierungen auf die Nationenbildung einerseits und das building on the one hand and the Ventennio on the other. The Ventennio andererseits. Die transdisziplinäre Konferenz unternimmt transdisciplinary conference attempts to take a look at the eight den Versuch einer Zusammenschau der über acht Jahrzehnte des decades of Regno d'Italia as an epoch in the history of the European Regno d'Italia, als Epoche der europäischen Monarchiegeschichte.
    [Show full text]
  • HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME III. NICENE and POST−NICENE CHRISTIAINITY
    HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME III. NICENE AND POST−NICENE CHRISTIAINITY PHILIP SCHAFF HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME III. NICENE AND POST−NICENE CHRISTIAINITY Table of Contents HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME III. NICENE AND POST−NICENE CHRISTIAINITY....................................................................................................................................................1 PHILIP SCHAFF...........................................................................................................................................2 CHAPTER I. DOWNFALL OF HEATHENISM AND VICTORY OF CHRISTIANITY IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE......................................................................................................................................14 CHAPTER II. THE LITERARY TRIUMPH OF CHRISTIANITY OVER GREEK AND ROMAN HEATHENISM...........................................................................................................................................28 CHAPTER III. ALLIANCE OF CHURCH AND STATE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON PUBLIC MORALS AND RELIGION......................................................................................................................33 CHAPTER IV. THE RISE AND PROGRESS OF MONASTICISM.........................................................47 CHAPTER V. THE HIERARCHY AND POLITY OF THE CHURCH....................................................70 CHAPTER VI. CHURCH DISCIPLINE AND SCHISMS.........................................................................99 CHAPTER
    [Show full text]
  • Venetian Forest Law and the Conquest of Terraferma (1350-1476)
    LAWYERS AND SAWYERS: VENETIAN FOREST LAW AND THE CONQUEST OF TERRAFERMA (1350–1476) Michael S. Beaudoin A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Boise State University December 2014 ©2014 Michael S. Beaudoin ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BOISE STATE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE COLLEGE DEFENSE COMMITTEE AND FINAL READING APPROVALS of the thesis submitted by Michael S. Beaudoin Thesis Title: Lawyers and Sawyers: Venetian Forest Law and the Conquest of Terraferma (1350–1476) Date of Final Oral Examination: 30 July 2014 The following individuals read and discussed the thesis submitted by student Michael S. Beaudoin, and they evaluated his presentation and response to questions during the final oral examination. They found that the student passed the final oral examination. Lisa M. Brady, Ph.D. Chair, Supervisory Committee David M. Walker, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee Leslie Alm, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee The final reading approval of the thesis was granted by Lisa M. Brady, Ph.D., Chair of the Supervisory Committee. The thesis was approved for the Graduate College by John R. Pelton, Ph.D., Dean of the Graduate College. DEDICATION Pella mia colomba iv AKNOWLEDGEMENTS An expression of gratitude is in order for the individuals and institutions that made this thesis a reality. First, I cannot express my appreciation enough to the three members of my thesis committee. These faculty members represent more than members of a committee. I had the privilege to study under each committee member. Their guidance and professionalism will serve as a model for my future roles inside and outside of academia.
    [Show full text]
  • Apostolic Trip of His Holiness Francis to Morocco (30 to 31 March 2019) – Departure from Rome and Telegrams to Heads of State
    N. 190330a Saturday 30.03.2019 Apostolic Trip of His Holiness Francis to Morocco (30 to 31 March 2019) – Departure from Rome and Telegrams to Heads of State Departure from Rome Telegram to the President of the Italian Republic Telegrams to Heads of State during the flight from Rome to Rabat Departure from Rome This morning Pope Francis departed for Morocco, to commence his 28th international apostolic trip. Before leaving the Domus Sanctae Marthae, Pope Francis met with a group of Moroccan migrants hosted in Italy by the Sant’Egidio Community. They are two families, each one with two children; two young women; and a boy. The group was accompanied by the Apostolic Almoner, His Eminence Cardinal Konrad Krajewski. Then, after leaving the Vatican, he transferred by car to Rome-Fiumicino International Airport, where at 10.57 he departed on board an Alitalia A320 bound for Rabat. The aircraft carrying the Holy Father landed at Rabat-Salé International Airport at 13.52. Telegram to the President of the Italian Republic Upon leaving Italian territory, the Holy Father Francis sent the following telegram to the President of the Italian Republic, Hon. Sergio Mattarella: 2 HIS EXCELLENCY HON. SERGIO MATTARELLA PRESIDENT OF THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC QUIRINAL PALACE 00187 ROME AS I DEPART FOR MY APOSTOLIC TRIP TO MOROCCO, TO MEET THAT NOBLE POPULATION, SHARING MOMENTS OF PRAYER AND COMMUNION WITH THE CATHOLIC COMMUNITY AND ENCOURAGING INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE, I WISH TO ADDRESS TO YOU, MR. PRESIDENT, AND TO THE DEAR ITALIAN NATION, MY CORDIAL GREETING, WHICH I ACCOMPANY WITH SINCERE WISHES THAT ITALY MAY MAINTAIN AT A HIGH LEVEL THE ETHICAL AND SPIRITUAL VALUES OF THE PERSON AND OF SOCIAL CO-EXISTENCE, SEEKING WITH CONCERTED EFFORT SOLUTIONS INSPIRED BY SOLIDARITY.
    [Show full text]
  • Democracy Report Italy
    DEMOCRACY REPORT FOR ITALY Dr. Leonardo Morlino Dr. Donatella della Porta Ms. Lisa Francovich Ms. Serena Giusti Mr. Fillipo Legnaioli Mr. Pietro Milazzo 1 I. Citizenship, Law and Rights 1. Nationhood and Citizenship Does public agreement on a non-discriminating common citizenship exist? 1.1 To what extent does the nation and state citizenship of those who live within the territory exist? 1.1.1 Laws The fundamental feature guaranteeing the majority of our constitutional rights is citizenship, that is, the subjective status through which the Constitution gives recognition to a series of rights (especially political rights) and duties. The acquisition, the loss and the acquisition of citizenship are now regulated by Law No.91, 1992, which has definitively substituted the 1912 law, in force until then. Concerning the acquisition of Italian citizenship by birth, the fundamental principle is that of the so-called ius sanguinis, according to which anyone born (or adopted) in any part of the world from an Italian mother or father is entitled to Italian citizenship. The principle of ius soli, according to which Italian citizenship is given to those who are born within the territory of the state, applies only in residual cases and to a limited extent, particularly in the case of parents who are unknown or stateless, or in the case that the newborn cannot be attributed the citizenship of his parents owing to the laws of citizenship of the countries in which his parents are citizens. As well as acquisition by birth, citizenship may later be granted to foreigners in cases of specific individual or family situations, generally subject to defined periods of residence.
    [Show full text]