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ANCIENT TERRACOTTAS from SOUTH ITALY and SICILY in the J
ANCIENT TERRACOTTAS FROM SOUTH ITALY AND SICILY in the j. paul getty museum The free, online edition of this catalogue, available at http://www.getty.edu/publications/terracottas, includes zoomable high-resolution photography and a select number of 360° rotations; the ability to filter the catalogue by location, typology, and date; and an interactive map drawn from the Ancient World Mapping Center and linked to the Getty’s Thesaurus of Geographic Names and Pleiades. Also available are free PDF, EPUB, and MOBI downloads of the book; CSV and JSON downloads of the object data from the catalogue and the accompanying Guide to the Collection; and JPG and PPT downloads of the main catalogue images. © 2016 J. Paul Getty Trust This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042. First edition, 2016 Last updated, December 19, 2017 https://www.github.com/gettypubs/terracottas Published by the J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Getty Publications 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 500 Los Angeles, California 90049-1682 www.getty.edu/publications Ruth Evans Lane, Benedicte Gilman, and Marina Belozerskaya, Project Editors Robin H. Ray and Mary Christian, Copy Editors Antony Shugaar, Translator Elizabeth Chapin Kahn, Production Stephanie Grimes, Digital Researcher Eric Gardner, Designer & Developer Greg Albers, Project Manager Distributed in the United States and Canada by the University of Chicago Press Distributed outside the United States and Canada by Yale University Press, London Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: J. -
Sidirountios3
ZEALOT EARLY CHRISTIANITY AND THE EMERGENCE OF ANTI‑ HELLENISM GEORGE SIDIROUNTIOS A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of London (Royal Holloway and Bedford New College) March 2016 1 Candidate’s declaration: I confirm that this PhD thesis is entirely my own work. All sources and quotations have been acknowledged. The main works consulted are listed in the bibliography. Candidate’s signature: 2 To the little Serene, Amaltheia and Attalos 3 CONTENTS Absract p. 5 Acknowledgements p. 6 List of Abbreviations p. 7 Conventions and Limitations p. 25 INTRODUCTION p. 26 1. THE MAIN SOURCES 1.1: Lost sources p. 70 1.2: A Selection of Christian Sources p. 70 1.3: Who wrote which work and when? p. 71 1.4: The Septuagint that contains the Maccabees p. 75 1.5: I and II Maccabees p. 79 1.6: III and IV Maccabees p. 84 1.7: Josephus p. 86 1.8: The first three Gospels (Holy Synopsis) p. 98 1.9: John p. 115 1.10: Acts p. 120 1.11: ʺPaulineʺ Epistles p. 123 1.12: Remarks on Paulʹs historical identity p. 126 2. ISRAELITE NAZOREAN OR ESSENE CHRISTIANS? 2.1: Israelites ‑ Moses p. 136 2.2: Israelite Nazoreans or Christians? p. 140 2.3: Essenes or Christians? p. 148 2.4: Holy Warriors? p. 168 3. ʺBCE CHRISTIANITYʺ AND THE EMERGENCE OF ANTI‑HELLENISM p. 173 3.1: A first approach of the Septuagint and ʺJosephusʺ to the Greeks p. 175 3.2: Anti‑Hellenism in the Septuagint p. 183 3.3: The Maccabees and ʺJosephusʺ from Mattathias to Simon p. -
Apotropaism and Liminality
Gorgo: Apotropaism and Liminality An SS/HACU Division III by Alyssa Hagen Robert Meagher, chair Spring 2007 Table of Contents List of Figures................................................................................................................ 1 Introduction.................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 1: Gorgon and Gorgoneion.............................................................................. 5 Chapter 2: Gorgo as a Fertility Goddess....................................................................... 15 Chapter 3: Gorgo as the Guardian of Hades................................................................. 29 Chapter 4: Gorgo in Ecstatic Ritual............................................................................... 41 Chapter 5: Gorgo in the Sphere of Men......................................................................... 51 Bibliography................................................................................................................... 64 Alyssa Hagen 1 List of Figures 1.1 Attic black figure neck amphora. (J. Paul Getty Museum, Malibu 86 AE77. Image 7 from [http://www.theoi.com/Gallery/P23.12.html].) 1.2 Mistress of Animals amulet from Ulu Burun shipwreck. (Bochum, Deutsches 9 Bergbau-Museums 104. Image from [http://minervamagazine.com/issue1704/ news.html].) 1.3 Egyptian amulet of Pataikos. (Image from Virtual Egyptian Museum 10 [http://www.virtual-egyptian-museum.org].) 1.4 Etruscan roof antefix with -
Animals in Greek and Roman Religion and Myth
Animals in Greek and Roman Religion and Myth Animals in Greek and Roman Religion and Myth Proceedings of the Symposium Grumentinum Grumento Nova (Potenza) 5-7 June 2013 Edited by Patricia A. Johnston, Attilio Mastrocinque and Sophia Papaioannou Animals in Greek and Roman Religion and Myth Edited by Patricia A. Johnston, Attilio Mastrocinque and Sophia Papaioannou This book first published 2016 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2016 by Patricia A. Johnston, Attilio Mastrocinque, Sophia Papaioannou and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-9487-7 ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-9487-6 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS .............................................................................. ix EDITORS’ PREFACE ................................................................................... xiii NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS ......................................................................... xv INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1 Sophia Papaioannou PART I: ANIMALS AND COMMUNICATION WITH THE DIVINE CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................... -
Ancient) Bodies: the Potters’ Sensory Experiences and the Firing of Red, Black and Purple Greek Vases
Article Bringing Back the (Ancient) Bodies: The Potters’ Sensory Experiences and the Firing of Red, Black and Purple Greek Vases Sanchita Balachandran 1,2 1 The Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; [email protected] 2 Department of Near Eastern Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA Received: 27 March 2019; Accepted: 27 May 2019; Published: 4 June 2019 Abstract: The study of Athenian black‐figure and red‐figure ceramics is haunted by nearly a thousand “hands” of the artisans thought to be responsible for their painted images. But what of the bodies attached to those hands? Who were they? Given the limited archaeological and epigraphic evidence for these ancient makers, this study attempts to recover their physical bodies through the ceramics production process—specifically the firing of vessels—as a communal activity potentially including a large cast of participants including craftsmen and craftswomen, metics, freed people and slaves. Using an experimental archaeology approach, I argue that we can begin to approach the sensory experiences of ancient potters and painters as they produced all the colored surfaces (and not only images) that endure on Greek vases. I propose a four‐stage sensory firing in combination with the three‐stage chemical firing process known for the production of Athenian ceramics, suggesting that each stage—and the colors produced at each stage—had their own “sensory signatures.” Examining extant vases with this awareness of the bodily experience of their ancient makers has the potential to bring back these ancient bodies, moving us beyond the limiting narrative of a single hand wielding a paint brush. -
Hades: Cornucopiae, Fertility and Death1
HADES: CORNUCOPIAE, FERTILITY AND DEATH1 Diana Burton (Victoria University of Wellington) The depiction of Hades in myth is fairly unrelenting in its gloom, and this is very much the most influential version today, as may be seen by the incarnations of Hades in modern movies; here he appears as pallid and miserable, or fiery and vengeful, but is never actually seen as enjoying himself. Hades shares the characteristics of his realm. And Hades’ domicile is seen as dim, dank and generally lacking in those things that give the greatest pleasure to the living – food, drink, sex. The fact that other gods do not enter Hades has not only to do with the antipathy between death and immortality, but also emphasises the absence of things that are under their control: Aphrodite’s love and sex, Dionysos’ wine and good cheer, the food given by Demeter. Hades is notoriously the god who receives no cult. This is not entirely correct, though it almost is. Pausanias, who is as usual our best source for this sort of thing, lists several examples of statues or altars in Greece which seem to imply some kind of cult activity, usually in someone else’s sanctuary. So for example Hades has a statue along with those of Kore and Demeter in a temple on the road near Mycenae; he has an image in the precinct of the Erinyes in Athens; he has an altar under the name of Klymenos (whom Pausanias specifically equates with Hades) in Hermione in the Argolid.2 And there are a few other places.3 The one real exception seems to have been in Elis, where he had a temple and sanctuary; although even here, the temple was opened only once a year – because, Pausanias supposes, ‘men too go down only once to Hades’ – and only the priest was permitted to enter.4 It is interesting to note that Pausanias specifically says that the Eleans are the only ones to worship (τιμσιν) Hades – which makes one wonder how he would classify the sacrifices to Klymenos. -
Contents Essays Poetry a Personalized Festival Calendar
Issue Number 5 Χειµον (Winter) 2004/05 A Personalized Festival Calendar by Oenochoe After years of experimenting and researching and ritualizing, I First, I set down a pattern of monthly observances. In ancient have finally decided to set down a festival calendar for myself. Greece, certain days of the month were always set aside for Of course, I’ve been celebrating festivals up until now, but it certain gods (the days being counted from the first visible was a somewhat haphazard process. I tried to follow the ancient crescent after the dark moon). Following this tradition, I Athenian calendar, but felt uninterested in many of the festivals, created some of my own holy days for the gods I worship most. So I kept the 4th for Hermes and the 7th for Apollon, and or some were timed completely wrong for the climate where I th live. I performed some rituals with my partner, which were a then I added the 9 for Dionysos (in this case because I found a reference to a Dionysian group in ancient times meeting on blend of Hellenismos and Asatru, but didn’t always know how to th reconcile that with my strictly Hellenic practice. There were the ninth of each month). I decided upon the 27 for the gods I wanted to do ritual for that had no extant festivals. And nymphs, loosely based on a sacrifice from Erchia. I kept the 2nd for the agathos daimon, since that is how I relate to my on top of all of that, I have a very personal spiritual life which th includes a few guardian spirits, and I wanted to include them as primary spirit companion. -