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Fractured Shale Gas Potential in New York
FRACTURED SHALE GAS POTENTIAL IN NEW YORK David G. HILL and Tracy E. LOMBARDI TICORA Geosciences, Inc., Arvada, Colorado, USA John P. MARTIN New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, Albany, New York, USA ABSTRACT In 1821, a shallow well drilled in the Devonian age shale ushered in a new era for the United States when natural gas was produced, transported and sold to local establishments in the town of Fredonia, New York. Following this discovery, hundreds of shallow shale wells were drilled along the Lake Erie shoreline and eventually several shale gas fields were established southeastward from the lake in the late 1800’s. Since the mid 1900’s, approximately 100 wells have been drilled in New York to test the fractured shale potential of the Devonian and Silurian age shales. With so few wells drilled over the past century, the true potential of fractured shale reservoirs has not been thoroughly assessed, and there may be a substantial resource. While the resource for shale gas in New York is large, ranging from 163-313 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) and the history of production dates back over 180 years, it has not been a major contributor to natural gas production in New York. A review of the history and research conducted on the shales shows that the resource in New York is poorly understood and has not been adequately tested. Other shales such as the Silurian and Ordovician Utica Shale may also hold promise as new commercial shale gas reservoirs. Experience developing shale gas plays in the past 20 years has demonstrated that every shale play is unique. -
Rock Stratigraphy of the Silurian System in Northeastern and Northwestern Illinois
2UJ?. *& "1 479 S 14.GS: CIR479 STATE OF ILLINOIS c. 1 DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION Rock Stratigraphy of the Silurian System in Northeastern and Northwestern Illinois H. B. Willman GEOLOGICAL ILLINOIS ""SURVEY * 10RM* APR 3H986 ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY John C. Frye, Chief Urbano, IL 61801 CIRCULAR 479 1973 CONTENTS Page Abstract 1 Introduction 1 Time-stratigraphic classification 3 Alexandrian Series 5 Niagaran Series 5 Cayugan Series 6 Regional correlations 6 Northeastern Illinois 6 Development of the classification 9 Wilhelmi Formation 12 Schweizer Member 13 Birds Member 13 Elwood Formation 14 Kankakee Formation 15 Drummond Member 17 Offerman Member 17 Troutman Member 18 Plaines Member 18 Joliet Formation 19 Brandon Bridge Member 20 Markgraf Member 21 Romeo Member 22 Sugar Run Formation . „ 22 Racine Formation 24 Northwestern Illinois 26 Development of the classification 29 Mosalem Formation 31 Tete des Morts Formation 33 Blanding Formation 35 Sweeney Formation 36 Marcus Formation 3 7 Racine Formation 39 References 40 GEOLOGIC SECTIONS Northeastern Illinois 45 Northwestern Illinois 52 FIGURES Figure 1 - Distribution of Silurian rocks in Illinois 2 2 - Classification of Silurian rocks in northeastern and northwestern Illinois 4 3 - Correlation of the Silurian formations in Illinois and adjacent states 7 - CM 4 Distribution of Silurian rocks in northeastern Illinois (modified from State Geologic Map) 8 - lis. 5 Silurian strata in northeastern Illinois 10 ^- 6 - Development of the classification of the Silurian System in |§ northeastern Illinois 11 7 - Distribution of Silurian rocks in northwestern Illinois (modified ;0 from State Geologic Map) 2 7 8 - Silurian strata in northwestern Illinois 28 o 9 - Development of the classification of the Silurian System in CO northwestern Illinois 30 10 - Index to stratigraphic units described in the geologic sections • • 46 ROCK STRATIGRAPHY OF THE SILURIAN SYSTEM IN NORTHEASTERN AND NORTHWESTERN ILLINOIS H. -
Chapter 4 GEOLOGY
Chapter 4 GEOLOGY CHAPTER 4 GEOLOGY ...................................................................................................................................... 4‐1 4.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................ 4‐2 4.2 BLACK SHALES ................................................................................................................................................. 4‐3 4.3 UTICA SHALE ................................................................................................................................................... 4‐6 4.3.2 Thermal Maturity and Fairways ...................................................................................................... 4‐14 4.3.3 Potential for Gas Production ............................................................................................................ 4‐14 4.4 MARCELLUS FORMATION ................................................................................................................................. 4‐15 4.4.1 Total Organic Carbon ....................................................................................................................... 4‐17 4.4.2 Thermal Maturity and Fairways ...................................................................................................... 4‐17 4.4.3 Potential for Gas Production ........................................................................................................... -
Marcellus/Utica Shale
Marcellus/Utica Shale Presented by Jeff Wlahofsky Jay Meglich George Adams Discussion Topics • Common Industry Terms and Definitions • Video of Horizontal Drilling Process • Overview of Geology Differences Between Marcellus and Utica Shale • Background Regarding Marcellus Activity in PA • Current State of the Shale Gas Industry • Planning Opportunities for Income Deferral or Capital Gain Tax Treatment 2 Industry Terms and Definitions • Abandoned Well – A well no longer in use; a dry hole that, in most states, must be properly plugged • Bonus – Usually, the bonus is the money paid by the lessee for the execution of an oil and gas lease by the landowner. Another form is called an oil or royalty bonus. This may be in the form of an overriding royalty reserved to the landowner in addition to the usual one‐eighth or 12.5% royalty. • Christmas Tree – An assembly of valves mounted on the casing head through which a well is produced. The Christmas tree also contains valves for testing the well and for shutting it in if necessary. The “Christmas Tree” includes blow‐out preventer valves. 3 Industry Terms and Definitions (cont’d) • Completion – To finish a well so that it is ready to produce oil or gas. After reaching total depth (T.D.), casing is run and cemented; casing is perforated opposite the producing zone, tubing is run, and control and flow valves are installed at the wellhead. Well completions vary according to the kind of well, depth, and the formation from which the well is to produce 4 Industry Terms and Definitions (cont’d) • Delay Rentals – These are amounts paid to the lessor for the privilege of deferring the commencement of a well on the lease. -
Geologic Cross Section
Geologic Cross Section I–I′ Through the Appalachian Basin from the Eastern Margin of the Illinois Basin, Jefferson County, Kentucky, to the Valley and Ridge Province, Scott County, Virginia By Robert T. Ryder, Michael H. Trippi, and Christopher S. Swezey Pamphlet B to accompany Scientific Investigations Map 3343 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2015 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod/. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copy- righted items must be secured from the copyright owner. Suggested citation: Ryder, R.T., Trippi, M.H., and Swezey, C.S., 2015, Geologic cross section I–I′ through the Appalachian basin from the eastern margin of the Illinois basin, Jefferson County, Kentucky, to the Valley and Ridge province, Scott County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3343, 2 sheets and pamphlet A, 41 p.; pamphlet B, 102 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sim3343. -
Chapter 1: Sequence Stratigraphy of the Glenshaw Formation
Martino, R. L., 2004, Sequence stratigraphy of the Glenshaw Formation (middle–late Pennsylvanian) in the central Appalachian basin, in J. C. Pashin and R. A. Gastaldo, eds., Sequence stratigraphy, paleoclimate, and tectonics of coal-bearing strata: AAPG Studies 1 in Geology 51, p. 1–28. Sequence Stratigraphy of the Glenshaw Formation (Middle–Late Pennsylvanian) in the Central Appalachian Basin Ronald L. Martino Department of Geology, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, U.S.A. ABSTRACT he Glenshaw Formation consists predominantly of sandstones and mud- rocks with thin limestones and coals, which are thought to have accumu- T lated in alluvial, deltaic, and shallow-marine environments. Analysis of 87 Glenshaw outcrops from southern Ohio, eastern Kentucky, and southern West Vir- ginia has revealed widespread, well-developed paleosols. These paleosols are used, along with marine units and erosional disconformities, to develop a high-resolution sequence-statigraphic framework. The tops of the paleosols constitute boundaries for nine allocycles, which are interpreted as fifth-order depositional sequences. Allocycles in this framework correlate with similar allocycles described from the northern Appalachian basin. A sequence-stratigraphic model is proposed that provides a framework for in- terpreting facies architecture in terms of base-level dynamics linked to relative sea level changes. Lowered base level caused valley incision along drainage lines and sediment bypassing of interfluves, which led to development of well-drained paleo- sols. Rising base level produced valley filling by fluvioestuarine systems (lowstand systems tract/transgressive systems tract), whereas pedogenesis continued on inter- fluves. As drainage systems aggraded, the coastal plain water table rose, and in- terfluvial paleosols were onlapped by paludal and lacustrine deposits. -
Historical Development and Problems Within the Pennsylvanian Nomenclature of Ohio.1
Historical Development and Problems Within the Pennsylvanian Nomenclature of Ohio.1 GLENN E. LARSEN, OHIO Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey, Fountain Sq., Bldg. B, Columbus, OH 43224 ABSTRACT. An analysis of the historical development of the Pennsylvanian stratigraphic nomenclature, as used in Ohio, has helped define and clarify problems inherent in Ohio's stratigraphic nomenclature. Resolution of such problems facilitates further development of a useful stratigraphy and philosophy for mapping. Investigations of Pennsylvanian-age rocks in Ohio began as early as 1819- From 1858 to 1893, investigations by Newberry, I. C. White, and Orton established the stratigraphic framework upon which the present-day nomenclature is based. During the 1950s, the cyclothem concept was used to classify and correlate Pennsylvanian lithologic units. This classification led to a proliferation of stratigraphic terms, as almost every lithologic type was named and designated as a member of a cyclothem. By the early 1960s, cyclothems were considered invalid as a lithostratigraphic classification. Currently, Pennsylvanian nomenclature of Ohio, as used by the Ohio Division of Geological Survey, consists of four groups containing 123 named beds, with no formal formations or members. In accordance with the 1983 North American Stratigraphic code, the Ohio Division of Geological Survey considers all nomenclature below group rank as informal. OHIO J. SCI. 91 (1): 69-76, 1991 INTRODUCTION DISCUSSION Understanding the historical development of Pennsyl- The Early 1800s vanian stratigraphy in Ohio is important to the Ohio The earliest known references to Pennsylvanian-age Division of Geological Survey (OGS). Such an under- rocks in Ohio are found in Atwater's (1819) report on standing of Pennsylvanian stratigraphy helps define Belmont County, and an article by Granger (1821) on plant stratigraphic nomenclatural problems in order to make fossils collected near Zanesville, Muskingum County. -
Geologic Cross Section C–C' Through the Appalachian Basin from Erie
Geologic Cross Section C–C’ Through the Appalachian Basin From Erie County, North-Central Ohio, to the Valley and Ridge Province, Bedford County, South-Central Pennsylvania By Robert T. Ryder, Michael H. Trippi, Christopher S. Swezey, Robert D. Crangle, Jr., Rebecca S. Hope, Elisabeth L. Rowan, and Erika E. Lentz Scientific Investigations Map 3172 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2012 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation: Ryder, R.T., Trippi, M.H., Swezey, C.S. Crangle, R.D., Jr., Hope, R.S., Rowan, E.L., and Lentz, E.E., 2012, Geologic cross section C–C’ through the Appalachian basin from Erie County, north-central Ohio, to the Valley and Ridge province, Bedford County, south-central Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3172, 2 sheets, 70-p. -
Regional Drilling Activity and Production
(Sections) 2.0 REGIONAL DRILLING ACTIVITY AND PRODUCTION Naming Convention: 2-digit state code/3-digit county code/5-character identifier Example: 37027_OC12 (Pennsylvania, Butler County, Outcrop Sample 12) For all other wells, the file naming convention leads with the API number. The leading API number/Project ID is then followed by the code for the file category or categories under which the data are classified. For a standard file containing information on a single well or sample, the following naming convention is used: Naming Convention: API number or Project ID_File Type Code(s)_Optional Description Example: 34003636910000_SRA_TOC_BP_Chemical_Plant_Well_4.xls As of July 9, 2014, there were 5696 files organized under this naming convention. In addition to these files, there were an additional 35 files that contain data for multiple wells. These files, which are often final results of data analyzed by service companies or consultants, can contain results for many different wells or samples. For these document types, the following naming convention is used: Naming Convention: 2-digit state code/000/MLTPL_File Type Codes_Optional Description Example: 34000MLTPL_SRA_TOC_XRD_OvertonEnergy.pdf Individual wells contained in the file are stored in a second table, which is linked by the file name, allowing the user to search by any of the individual API numbers/Project IDs contained within the multiple well file. As the data collected, generated, and interpreted by the research team became finalized, new file categories were created and populated with project results. In addition, a general file with all header data was created, allowing users to import project wells into various subsurface mapping programs. -
Figure 3A. Major Geologic Formations in West Virginia. Allegheney And
82° 81° 80° 79° 78° EXPLANATION West Virginia county boundaries A West Virginia Geology by map unit Quaternary Modern Reservoirs Qal Alluvium Permian or Pennsylvanian Period LTP d Dunkard Group LTP c Conemaugh Group LTP m Monongahela Group 0 25 50 MILES LTP a Allegheny Formation PENNSYLVANIA LTP pv Pottsville Group 0 25 50 KILOMETERS LTP k Kanawha Formation 40° LTP nr New River Formation LTP p Pocahontas Formation Mississippian Period Mmc Mauch Chunk Group Mbp Bluestone and Princeton Formations Ce Obrr Omc Mh Hinton Formation Obps Dmn Bluefield Formation Dbh Otbr Mbf MARYLAND LTP pv Osp Mg Greenbrier Group Smc Axis of Obs Mmp Maccrady and Pocono, undivided Burning Springs LTP a Mmc St Ce Mmcc Maccrady Formation anticline LTP d Om Dh Cwy Mp Pocono Group Qal Dhs Ch Devonian Period Mp Dohl LTP c Dmu Middle and Upper Devonian, undivided Obps Cw Dhs Hampshire Formation LTP m Dmn OHIO Ct Dch Chemung Group Omc Obs Dch Dbh Dbh Brailler and Harrell, undivided Stw Cwy LTP pv Ca Db Brallier Formation Obrr Cc 39° CPCc Dh Harrell Shale St Dmb Millboro Shale Mmc Dhs Dmt Mahantango Formation Do LTP d Ojo Dm Marcellus Formation Dmn Onondaga Group Om Lower Devonian, undivided LTP k Dhl Dohl Do Oriskany Sandstone Dmt Ot Dhl Helderberg Group LTP m VIRGINIA Qal Obr Silurian Period Dch Smc Om Stw Tonoloway, Wills Creek, and Williamsport Formations LTP c Dmb Sct Lower Silurian, undivided LTP a Smc McKenzie Formation and Clinton Group Dhl Stw Ojo Mbf Db St Tuscarora Sandstone Ordovician Period Ojo Juniata and Oswego Formations Dohl Mg Om Martinsburg Formation LTP nr Otbr Ordovician--Trenton and Black River, undivided 38° Mmcc Ot Trenton Group LTP k WEST VIRGINIA Obr Black River Group Omc Ordovician, middle calcareous units Mp Db Osp St. -
Where in New York Are the Marcellus and Utica Shales??
Where in New York are the Marcellus and Utica Shales?? How do they get to the gas resource and how do they get the gas out of the ground? What are the concerns about this entire process and what can/should we do about it? Schlumberger, Inc Depth and extent of the Marcellus Shale Marcellus, NY type section Source – dSGEIS, 2009 East-West Geologic Section of the Marcellus Shale Across Southern New York Thickening of Oatka Creek Thinning of Oatka Creek Lash and Engelder, 2009 and Union Springs members North-South Geologic Section Across New York State Source – dSGEIS, 2009 Source – dSGEIS, 2009 Medina SS Central/ Western NY Marcellus Stratigraphy Oatka Creek Cherry Valley Union Springs Oil and Gas wells are not new in Pennsylvania and New York……. …and there are different regulations in and within each state. Multiple steel casings with high-strength cement to isolate well from surrounding aquifers and bedrock units. What is different about Marcellus/Utica shale gas development? East-northeast trending J1 fractures more closely spaced and cross-cut by less well- developed, northwest-trending J2 fractures Dual porosity gas reservoir where fractures drain rapidly and matrix drain slowly Drill horizontal wells to the north-northwest, or south- southeast that cross and Free gas and adsorbed drain densely developed J1 gas in matrix fractures Connect matrix porosity to the wellbore by intersecting multiple J1 fractures Marcellus Shale Gas Development Horizontal Drilling in Black Shale with High-Volume Hydraulic Fracturing 3,500 ft 3,500 4,000 ft Meyer (2009) Meyer (2009) Microseismic Monitoring of Hydraulic Fracturing “Typical” Drillpad Design Water-source pond Drill cuttings pond Drilling Phase – drillrig, pumps, supplies, frack tanks (a month or two) Hydro-fracking Phase – (a week or two) Injection pumps, supplies, and many frack tanks for fresh and flowback waters Where do you get the water for fracking? Inter- basin Trans- fer Each source has its own set of concerns……. -
XRF Workshop Book
Workshop Materials (1 of 2) Table of Contents Workshop Materials (book 1 of 2) Page Agenda 1 Welcome Presentation (Steve Kaczmarek) 3 Lectures Introduction to the Chemistry of Rocks and Minerals (Peter Voice) 7 Geology of Michigan (Bill Harrison) 22 XRF Theory (Steve Kaczmarek) 44 Student Research Posters Silurian A-1 Carbonate (Matt Hemenway) 56 Silurian Burnt Bluff Group (Mohamed Al Musawi) 58 Classroom Activities Powder Problem 60 Fossil Free For All 69 Bridge to Nowhere 76 Get to Know Your Pet Rock 90 Forensic XRF 92 Alien Agua 96 Appendices (book 2 of 2) Appendix A: MGRRE Factsheet 105 Appendix B: Michigan Natural Resources Statistics 107 Appendix C: CoreKids Outreach Program 126 Appendix D: Graphing & Statistical Analysis Activity 138 Appendix E: K-12 Science Performance Expectations 144 Appendix F: Workshop Evaluation Form 179 Workshop Facilitators Bridging the Gap between Geology & Chemistry Sponsored by the Western Michigan University, the Michigan Geological Repository for Research and Education, and the U.S. National Science Foundation This workshop is for educators interested in learning more about the chemistry of geologic materials. Wednesday, August 9, 2017 (8 am - 5 pm) Tentative Agenda 8:00-8:20: Welcome (Steve Kaczmarek) Agenda, Safety, & Introductions 8:20-8:50: Introduction to Geological Materials (Peter Voice) An introduction to rocks, minerals, and their elemental chemistry 8:50-9:00: Questions/Discussion 9:00-9:30: Introduction to MI Basin Geology (Bill Harrison) An introduction to the common rock types and economic