Tools for the Paraxial Optical Design of Light Field Imaging Systems Lois Mignard-Debise
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Barry Boehm Software Engineering Paper
1226 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS, VOL. C-25, NO. 12, DECEMBER 1976 Software Engineering BARRY W. BOEHM Abstract-This paper provides a definition of the term "software but also the associated documentation required to-develop, engineering" and a survey of the current state of the art and likely operate, and maintain the programs. By defining software future trends in the field. The survey covers the technology avail- able in the various phases of the software life cycle-requirements in this broader sense, we wish to emphasize the necessity engineering, design, coding, test, and maintenance-and in the of considering the generation oftimely documentation as overall area of software management and integrated technology- an integral portion of the software development process. management approaches. It is oriented primarily toward discussing We can then combine this with a definition of "engineer- the domain of applicability of techniques (where and when they ing" to produce the following definition. work), rather than how they work in detail. To cover the latter, an extensive set of 104 references is provided. Software Engineering: The practical application of scientific knowledge in the design and construction of Index Terms-Computer software, data systems, information computer programs and the associated documentation systems, research and development, software development, soft- required to develop, operate, and maintain them. ware engineering, software management. Three main points should be made about this definition. The first concerns the necessity of considering a broad I. INTRODUCTION enough interpretation of the word "design" to cover the r HE annual cost of software in the U.S. is extremely important activity of software requirements approximately 20 billion dollars. -
Ergonomics, Design Universal and Fashion
Work 41 (2012) 4733-4738 4733 DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0761-4733 IOS Press Ergonomics, design universal and fashion Martins, S. B. Dr.ª and Martins, L. B.Dr.b a State University of Londrina, Department of Design, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid Km. 380 Campus Universitário,86051-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil. [email protected] b Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Design, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife- PE, Brazil. [email protected] Abstract. People who lie beyond the "standard" model of users often come up against barriers when using fashion products, especially clothing, the design of which ought to give special attention to comfort, security and well-being. The principles of universal design seek to extend the design process for products manufactured in bulk so as to include people who, because of their personal characteristics or physical conditions, are at an extreme end of some dimension of performance, whether this is to do with sight, hearing, reach or manipulation. Ergonomics, a discipline anchored on scientific data, regards human beings as the central focus of its operations and, consequently, offers various forms of support to applying universal design in product development. In this context, this paper sets out a reflection on applying the seven principles of universal design to fashion products and clothing with a view to targeting such principles as recommendations that will guide the early stages of developing these products, and establish strategies for market expansion, thereby increasing the volume of production and reducing prices. Keywords: Ergonomics in fashion, universal design, people with disabilities 1. -
Fashion Institute of Technology
Toy Design BFA Degree Program School of Art and Design Applications accepted for fall only. NYSED: 89109 HEGIS 1099 The major in Toy Design prepares students for careers as children's product designers working with a variety of companies in the toy industry, from small specialty firms to major global corporations. Curriculum below is for the entering class of Fall 2017. Semester 5 Credits MAJOR AREA TY 326 - Toy Design I and Product Rendering 3 TY 327 - Drafting and Technical Drawing 3 TY 352 - The Toy Industry: Methods and Materials 3 RELATED AREA FA 301 - Anatomy for Toy Designers 1.5 LIBERAL ARTS SS 232 - Developmental Psychology 3 Semester 6 MAJOR AREA TY 313 - Soft Toy and Doll Design 3 TY 332 - Model Making and 3D Prototyping 3.5 TY 342 - Computer Graphics in Toy Design 2 RELATED AREA MK 301 - Marketing for the Toy Industry 3 LIBERAL ARTS HE 301 - Motor Learning: A Developmental Approach 3 HA 345 - History of Industrial Design choice - see Liberal Arts/Art History 3 Semester 7 MAJOR AREA A: TY 491 - Summer Internship: Toy Design** 4 B: TY 411 - Toy Design II and Product Update 2 TY 421 - Advanced Hard Toy: Design Engineering 5 TY 463 - Storybook Design and Licensed Product 3 TY 442 - Advanced Computer Graphics in Toy Design 2 LIBERAL ARTS MA 041 - Geometry and Probability Skills 1 MA 241 - Topics in Probability and Geometry 3 Semester 8 MAJOR AREA TY 414 - Games*** 1.5 TY 461 - Business Practices for the Toy Industry 2 TY 467 - Professional Portfolio 4.5 RELATED AREA PK 403 - Packaging for the Toy Designer 2 LIBERAL ARTS choice - see Liberal Arts/Art History* 3 choice - see Liberal Arts Electives 3 TOTAL CREDIT REQUIREMENTS MAJOR AREA 41.5 RELATED AREA 6.5 LIBERAL ARTS 19 Total Credits: 67 Fashion Institute of Technology 1 *Fall 2017 Requirements: See below Liberal Arts, Art History, and General Education: 19 credits • Art History Requirements: 6 credits. -
Photography Techniques Intermediate Skills
Photography Techniques Intermediate Skills PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Wed, 21 Aug 2013 16:20:56 UTC Contents Articles Bokeh 1 Macro photography 5 Fill flash 12 Light painting 12 Panning (camera) 15 Star trail 17 Time-lapse photography 19 Panoramic photography 27 Cross processing 33 Tilted plane focus 34 Harris shutter 37 References Article Sources and Contributors 38 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 39 Article Licenses License 41 Bokeh 1 Bokeh In photography, bokeh (Originally /ˈboʊkɛ/,[1] /ˈboʊkeɪ/ BOH-kay — [] also sometimes heard as /ˈboʊkə/ BOH-kə, Japanese: [boke]) is the blur,[2][3] or the aesthetic quality of the blur,[][4][5] in out-of-focus areas of an image. Bokeh has been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light".[6] However, differences in lens aberrations and aperture shape cause some lens designs to blur the image in a way that is pleasing to the eye, while others produce blurring that is unpleasant or distracting—"good" and "bad" bokeh, respectively.[2] Bokeh occurs for parts of the scene that lie outside the Coarse bokeh on a photo shot with an 85 mm lens and 70 mm entrance pupil diameter, which depth of field. Photographers sometimes deliberately use a shallow corresponds to f/1.2 focus technique to create images with prominent out-of-focus regions. Bokeh is often most visible around small background highlights, such as specular reflections and light sources, which is why it is often associated with such areas.[2] However, bokeh is not limited to highlights; blur occurs in all out-of-focus regions of the image. -
Development Company Austin TX
Architectural Theory All photographs by J. Wunderlich unless noted otherwise J. Wunderlich PhD B.S. Architectural Engineering (U. Texas) Plus 2 years of Urban Design (U. California, San Diego) Agenda Architectural vocabulary Some personal designs Architectural Vocabulary Form Symbolism Scale Tastes Behavior Anthropomorphism Context Color Proportion Texture Balance Rhythm Form Recently in the U.S. and many developing countries we accept geometric shapes with sharp edges In the past, Euclidian (columns, domes) were more accepted Louis Sullivan, and later Frank Lloyd Wright and various Modern Architects would say, “Form follows function.” However Frank Lloyd Wright said: “ Form follows function - that has been misunderstood. Form and function should be one, joined in a spiritual union.” We will discuss later Frank Lloyd Wright’s inspirations from Japan, and the development of his “Organic Architecture” Scale Architecture may relate to the scale of humans If not, architecture may be ○ Monumental, impressive ○ Intimidating, frightening Columns on building can give illusion of scale Surroundings and adjacent buildings can scale-up or scale-down a building Behavior Bodies create space Activities ○ Ergonomics Group interactions Beliefs Movement through spaces Flow - interior to exterior ○ Bank of widows and French doors invite outside in Context Architecture can be an expression of a time Can relate to other buildings Can relate to land Be “Organic” ! Photograph by other Photograph by other Photograph by other Photograph -
Fashion Sketch
Fashion Sketch Fashion Sketch, an individual state competitive event, recognizes participants for their ability to design and sketch a croquis based upon a provided design scenario. This event is based on the National Skill Demonstration Event but this event does not continue on to a national level conference. Career Pathway Visual Arts & Design Event Levels Level 1: through grade 8 Level 2: grades 9-10 Level 3: grades 11-12 Event Procedure & Time Requirements for In-person Competition 1. Participants will attend a required Orientation Meeting at a time and place designated prior to the event. 2. At designated participation, participants will be given the design scenario. Participants will have 5 minutes to brainstorm and then have 35 minutes to design, sketch, color croquis, and complete the Elements and Principles of Design worksheet. 3. Participants are required to bring the following supplies: 1 file folder (plain, of any color); colored pencils, crayons, and/ or markers; pencil sharpener(s), and ruler(s). No reference materials are allowed. FCCLA will provide one copy of the Elements and Principles of Design worksheet, one croquis, and plain paper to each participant. Participants may draw their own croquis if they choose. Croquis of different sexes, ages, and body types will be provided. 4. Participants will deliver an oral presentation of up to 5 minutes in length, using completed croquis and Elements and Principles of Design worksheet. A 1-minute warning will be give at 4 minutes. Participants will be asked to stop at 5 minutes. Following the oral presentation, the participant will provide the completed croquis and worksheet to the evaluators in the file folder. -
& Student Handbook
ACADEMIC CATALOG & Student Handbook 2016 – 2017 Edition WE ARE NEWSCHOOL Design Your Experience As a NewSchool student, you’ve joined a community of innovative designers who are passionate about pursuing exciting careers in the fields of Design, Architecture and Digital Arts. Our accomplished faculty will help push your creative boundaries while giving you the tools to grow as a designer. Congratulations on taking your first step towards an exciting future in design. 2 | NEWSCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE & DESIGN Your journey begins here ACADEMICACADEMIC CATALOG CATALOG & & STUDENT STUDENT HANDBOOK HANDBOOK || 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS WELCOME TO NEWSCHOOL 5 Bachelor in arts in design studies 60 Message from the president 6 Minor degree 62 Dates of effect 8 Minor in construction management 62 Educational purpose 8 GRADUATE DEGREE PROGRAM INFORMATION 64 Philosophy 8 Degree statement 65 Faculty 8 Graduation requirements 65 History 9 Institutions standards of achievement - honors and awards 65 Mission and vision statement 9 Satisfactory academic progress (sap) 65 Legal statement 9 Graduate programs 68 Student responsibility 10 Master of architecture, first professional degree 70 Equal educational opportunity policy 10 Architecture licensure 72 Institutional learning outcomes 10 Master of architectural studies 73 Approvals and accreditation 10 Master of science in architecture 74 Ownership and governance 12 Master of construction management 75 Student housing 12 Class hours 13 PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT 76 Scheduling of classes/program content 13 Certificate -
Validating Student Engineers' Fuzzy Design‐Based Decision
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Clemson University: TigerPrints Clemson University TigerPrints Publications Education & Human Development 6-2017 Data‐enabled cognitive modeling: Validating student engineers’ fuzzy design‐based decision‐making in a virtual design problem Golnaz Arastoopour Irgens University of Wisconsin-Madison, [email protected] Naomi C. Chesler University of Wisconsin-Madison Jeffrey Linderoth University of Wisconsin-Madison David Williamson Shaffer University of Wisconsin-Madison Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/ed_human_dvlpmnt_pub Part of the Education Commons, and the Engineering Education Commons Recommended Citation Arastoopour Irgens, G, Chesler, NC, Linderoth, JT, Williamson Shaffer, D. Data‐enabled cognitive modeling: Validating student engineers’ fuzzy design‐based decision‐making in a virtual design problem. Comput Appl Eng Educ. 2017; 25: 1001– 1017. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.21851 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Education & Human Development at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Data-Enabled Cognitive Modeling: Validating student engineers’ fuzzy design-based decision-making in a virtual design problem Golnaz Arastoopour Irgens12, Naomi C. Chesler3, Jeffrey Linderoth4, David Williamson Shaffer1 Abstract The ability of future engineering professionals to solve complex real-world problems depends on their design education and training. Because engineers engage with open-ended problems in which there are unknown parameters and multiple competing objectives, they engage in fuzzy decision-making, a method of making decisions that takes into account inherent imprecisions and uncertainties in the real world. -
Part 3 Design Rationale and Software Architecting
Part 3 Design Rationale and Software Architecting I. Mistrík Design rationale as it applies to software architecture has become an established area of software engineering research. Design rationale can be defined as an expression of the relationships between a design product (in this case, an architecture), its purpose, the designer’s (architect’s) concep- tualization and the contextual constraints on realizing the purpose [12]. It represents knowledge that provides the answers to questions about a particular design choice or the process followed to make that choice [8]. Software architecture is concerned with the study of the structure of software, including topologies, properties, constituent components and relationships and patterns of interaction and combination [7,14]. A modern definition of software architecture is given by Bass et al. in [2]: “The soft- ware architecture of a program or computing system is the structure or structures of the system, which comprise software elements, the externally visible properties of those elements, and the relationships among them”. The importance of relating design rationale and software architecting has been recognized by many researchers and practitioners [5,14,15]. Design rationale researchers have developed different representation sche- mas, capture methods, repository models, and use cases for recording design decisions. However, most approaches represent only arguments surrounding design decisions [11]; more work remains to be done in repre- senting domain knowledge in terms that are understandable to the domain experts [9]. During the last 10 years it has been recognized that the quality requirements are heavily influenced by the architecture of the system [2,3] and capturing the relationship between architectural design decisions and quality attributes provides an important new role for rationale. -
On the Functions of Products
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING DESIGN, ICED11 15 - 18 AUGUST 2011, TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK ON THE FUNCTIONS OF PRODUCTS M. Aurisicchio1, N.L. Eng1, J.C. Ortíz Nicolás1, P.R.N. Childs1, R.H. Bracewell2 (1) Imperial College London, Mechanical Engineering Department, Design Engineering Group. (2) University of Cambridge, Engineering Department, Engineering Design Centre. ABSTRACT Understanding the performance and manner of functioning of existing products is at the base of new product development activities. In engineering design the term function is generally used to refer to the technical actions performed by a product. However, products accomplish a wider range of goals. This research explores the opportunity to describe and model, through the concept of function, product actions across four dimensions including technical, aesthetic, social and economic. The research demonstrates that non-technical functions can be represented through active verbs and nouns and modelled using a method known as the Function Analysis Diagram (FAD). The research argues that when technical, aesthetic, social and economic perspectives on product development are considered as different types of function, stakeholders have a common language to communicate which can benefit design collaboration. Keywords: Product design; Product function; Function analysis; Function Analysis Diagram 1 INTRODUCTION Every year new products are designed, manufactured and launched in the market. The reasons why consumers buy and own products are linked to the fulfilment of needs or goals. Consumer behaviour is studied to understand these reasons and to inform product development. From an engineering perspective these reasons are associated with the performance of technical actions which are generally referred to as product functions. -
How a Hurricane Affected the Residential Interior Design of Mississippi’S Gulf Coast
The University of Southern Mississippi The Aquila Digital Community Honors Theses Honors College Spring 5-2015 How a Hurricane Affected the Residential Interior Design of Mississippi’s Gulf Coast Jamie L. Jelinski University of Southern Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/honors_theses Part of the Interior Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Jelinski, Jamie L., "How a Hurricane Affected the Residential Interior Design of Mississippi’s Gulf Coast" (2015). Honors Theses. 306. https://aquila.usm.edu/honors_theses/306 This Honors College Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College at The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The University of Southern Mississippi DESIGNS BY KATRINA: How a Hurricane Affected the Residential Interior Design of Mississippi’s Gulf Coast by Jamie Jelinski A Thesis Submitted to the Honors College of The University of Southern Mississippi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in the School of Construction May 2015 ii Approved by ___________________________________ Claire L. Hamilton, M.S., Thesis Adviser Associate Professor of Interior Design ___________________________________ Keith Sylvester, Ph.D., Director School of Construction ___________________________________ Ellen Weinauer, Ph.D., Dean Honors College iii ABSTRACT This study analyzes the interior design choices made by homeowners of Mississippi’s Gulf Coast who rebuilt after Hurricane Katrina, in order to determine how the natural disaster of the hurricane affected residential interior design aesthetics. The aim of the study was to determine if there was a correlation between homeowner’s disaster experiences and their interior design choices following the disaster. -
A Comprehensive and Versatile Camera Model for Cameras with Tilt Lenses
Int J Comput Vis (2017) 123:121–159 DOI 10.1007/s11263-016-0964-8 A Comprehensive and Versatile Camera Model for Cameras with Tilt Lenses Carsten Steger1 Received: 14 March 2016 / Accepted: 30 September 2016 / Published online: 22 October 2016 © The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract We propose camera models for cameras that are Keywords Camera models · Tilt lenses · Scheimpflug equipped with lenses that can be tilted in an arbitrary direc- optics · Camera model degeneracies · Camera calibration · tion (often called Scheimpflug optics). The proposed models Bias removal · Stereo rectification are comprehensive: they can handle all tilt lens types that are in common use for machine vision and consumer cameras and correctly describe the imaging geometry of lenses for 1 Introduction which the ray angles in object and image space differ, which is true for many lenses. Furthermore, they are versatile since One problem that often occurs when working on machine they can also be used to describe the rectification geometry vision applications that require large magnifications is that of a stereo image pair in which one camera is perspective and the depth of field becomes progressively smaller as the mag- the other camera is telecentric. We also examine the degen- nification increases. Since for regular lenses the depth of field eracies of the models and propose methods to handle the is parallel to the image plane, problems frequently occur if degeneracies. Furthermore, we examine the relation of the objects that are not parallel to the image plane must be imaged proposed camera models to different classes of projective in focus.