Robert BurnsLimited World Federation
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www.rbwf.org.uk
1941 The digital conversion of this Burns Chronicle was sponsored by Dr Hugh Mackay and Mrs Valerie Mackay of Leicester Caledonian Society
The digital conversion service was provided by DDSR Document Scanning by permission of the Robert Burns World Federation Limited to whom all Copyright title belongs.
www.DDSR.com BURNS CHRONICLE AND CLUB DIRECTORY INSTITUTED 189 1 PUBLIBHED ANNUALLY
SECOND SERIES : VOLUME XVI
THE BURNS FEDERATION KILMARNOCK 1941
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There are now twenty modern comfortable houses for the benefit of deserving old folks. The site is an ideal one in the heart of the Burns Country. The Cottagers, after careful selection, get the houses free of rent and taxes and an annual allowance. They are chosen from all quarters. There are no irksome restrictions, they get bringing their own furniture, have their own key, and can go in and out and have their own friends visiting them as they please. Our aim is to give them, as near as practicable, their "ain fireside " and let them live out their own lives in quiet comfort. · f}:urther fund.I are re4uired. Will :vou please he~p? Subscriptions will be gratefully acknowledged by the Hon. Secretary, Mr. DAVID J. S. HARVEY, 65 Renfield Street; Glasgow, a "BURNS CHRONICLE" ADVERTISER
KILMARNOCK BURNS MONUMENT, Statue, Library, and Museum.
'fHIS valuable and unique collection has been visited by thousands from all parts of the World. A veritable shrine of the "Immortal Bard." The Monument occupies a commanding position in the Kay Park. From the top a most extensive and interesting view of the surrounding Land of Burns can be obtained. The Magnificent Marble Statue of the Poet, from the chisel of W. G. Stevenson, A.R.S.A., Edinburgh, is admitted to be the finest in the World. The Museum contains many relics and mementoes of the Poet's life, and a most valuable and interesting collection of his original MSS., among which are the following :- Tam o' Shantel'. The Death and Dying Words Cottel''S Sa.tul'da.y Night. o' Pool' Mallie. The Twa Dogs. Lassie wi' the Lint-white The Holy Fa.ii'. Locks. Addl'ess to the Dell. Last May a. Bra.w Wooer cam John Barleycol'n. doon the Lang Glen. Scotch Dl'ink. Holy Willie's Prayer. The Authol'·s Eal'nest Cl'y and Epistle to a Young Fl"iend. PI'ayel". Lament of Mary Queen of Address to J. Smith. Scots. An Epi;tle to Davy. Also a number of the Poet's Poor Ma.Ule's Elegy. Lettel's. The" M'Kie" Library also firms part of this collection, and comprises upwards of 800 volumes of Burns literature, including a copy of the famous F~rst Edition, published in Kilmarnock, 1786.
The Monument ls open fl'om 10 a..m. till dusk every day-Sunday excepted.
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Established in 1915 by the Glasgow and District Burns Association
These Houses were purchased, repaired, and gifted to the Association by the late Mr. Charles R. Cowie, J.P., of Glasgow. They comprise the Burns House (in which the poet and Jean Armour began housekeeping in 1788), Dr. John M'Kerizie's House, and "Auld Nanse Tinnock's" (the "change-house" of. Burns's poem "The Holy Fair"); and provide comfortable accommodation for nine old ladies, who live rent and rate free and receive a small pension. A portion of the Burns House has been arranged as a Museum, which now cont<'lins numerous authentic relics of Jean Armour and the ·poet: these include the Armour Family Bible and several manuscripts of Burns. An Endowment Fund for. the maintenance of the Houses and the provisi on of the pensions is b ~i ng fonned. Contributions to this Fund would be welcomed; they should be addressed to the Hon. Treasurer of the As~ociation, Vfr A. ~eil C::t n pbell, F C .C S., 10 Lothian Gardens, Glasgow, N. W. "BURNS CHRONICLE" ADVERTISER
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THE DUX EnGRRVtnG COffiPRnt.' LlffilTED have unrivalled facilities for reproducin JOHN SMITH & SON GLASGOW LIMITED 57-61 ST. VINCENT STREET, GLASGOW, C.2 BURNS CHRONICLE BURNS CHRONICLE AND CLUB DIRECTORY INSTITUTED 1891 PUBLISHED ANNUALLY SECOND SERIES : VOLUME XVI THE BURNS FEDERATION KILMARNOCK PRINTED BY WILLUll HODGE AND COMPANY, LTD. GL.UQOW AND BDINBURGH LIST OF CONTENTS P.l.Glli 1.-Editorial: Our Jubilee 1 11.-Letters of Robert Burns - 4 III.-" The Lass o' Ballochmyle ": a palinode - 6 IV.-Burns's first ballad for Patrick Heron 8 V.-Burns's message for to-day: sermon by Rev. W. Phin Gillieson, M.C., M.A. - 10 VI.-Ballochmyle Fog-house, by James Macintyre 13 VIL-Kipling-Burns 14 VIII.-The death of Burns: his final moments, his last words; an unpublished account, by J. C. E. 15 IX.-Francis Jeffrey on Burns, by C. Angus, M.A. - 21 X.-Forgeries of Burns manuscripts: the cause celebre of " Antique Smith "; by John S. Clarke 24 XL-Prototype of " Doctor Ho;rnbook " : John Wilson, :1751-!1839; by J. C. E. - 31 XII.-Burns and the first steamboat : was he present at its trial 1; by Elizabeth Ewing, M.A. 4:0 XIII.-" 'l'he Immortal Memory " : address to the Burns Club of Atlanta, by the Hon. T. W. Reed - 4:8 XIV .-Burns : poet, prose writer, talker - 59 XV.-For lady members of Burns Clubs: The duty of happiness, by Miss Jean Muir Gourley - 60 vi LIST OF CONTENTS PAGE Notes, queries, and answers - 62 Burns in the auction-room - 59 Notice of new books : Saltire Society series of .Scottish classics - 63 Bibliography 65 Obituary 66 Burns Club notes - 67 Auld Brig of Ayr : report on condition 73 THE BURNS FEDERATION: (a) List of Hon. Presidents, Hon. Vice-Presidents, Executive Committee (Office-bearers and Dis trict Representatives), Sub-Committees, and Auditors 74 (b) Constitution and Rules - 77 ( c) List of Districts 81 (d) List of Past-Presidents 89 (e) List of places at which the Annual Conference has been held - 89 (/) Minutes of the Annual Conference, 1940: incor porating the Hon. Secretary's annual report 90 (g) Annual reports: (1) Burns Chronicle - 100 (2) School Competitions - - 101 (3) Balance Sheet - - 102 (h) Numerical list of Clubs on the Roll - - 104 (i) Alphabetical list of Clubs on the Roll - 1130 (k) Notices - 133 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FACl!IG PAGE !.-Facsimile: inscription by Burns on a copy of his Poems presented to Gilbert Ker 4 11.-Facsimile: intimation of the death of Burns and account of his funeral. (From the Dumfries Journal) 15 III.-The room in which Burns died: the earliest known illustration 116 IV.-John Wilson, " Doctor Hornbook " : silhouette - 31 EDITORIAL NOTE The Burns Federation does not accept any responsi bility for statements made or opinions expressed in the Burns Chronicle. The writers are responsible for articles signed by them; the Editor is responsible for articles initialed or signed by him, as well as for th-0se unsigned. Letters and offers of original articles should be addressed to the Editor. Articles offered should be in typescript, with double spacing and on one side of the paper. The article on " The death of Burns" which is printed in this issue appeared originally in the Scots Magazine (1937), and is reprinted here by arrangement with that publication. The "Prototype of Doctor Hornbook " appeared, in greatly abbreviated form, in the Scotsman (1939). J. 0. EWING 8 ROYAL TERRACE, GLASGOW, C.3. EDITORIAL OUR JUBILEE With this issue the Burns Chronicle reaches its. jubilee. It was instituted fifty years ago, on 4th Septem ber 1891, and has appeared regularly each year since January 1892. Anniversaries, whether in individual or corporate activity, usually receive recognition, and few people will dispute that this should be so. " I~ooking before and after," in addition to its value as a distinctively human quality, is important as a means of surveying achieve ment and according credit or criticism in a wider than day-to-day perspective. It is an opportunity, too, of considering, in view of past experience, what may best be aimed at m the future. To dwell awhile on this half century may therefore without egoism be profitable to us and to the Burnsians whom the Chronicle represents. The idea of starting a publication devoted to Burns interests rose directly from the establishment of the Burns Federation. This body, now a world-wide link between admirers of the Scottish National Poet, was founded at a small meeting held in Kilmarnock on 17th July 1885 by a number of men interested in Burns and Burnsiana. ,These formed the project of linking together Burns Clubs every where and forming " an incorporating union of the Burns Clubs and Scottish Societies throughout the world," by means of which they would share activities and news and find a rallying-point of Burns interest. Of the first fifty Clubs affiliated to the Federation fifteen were outside Scotland, with the result that personal contact between them soon became difficult. The Council of the Burns Federation accordingly decided after a very few years to publish an annual periodical which would serve this purpose and also form a means of recording and transmitting news, information and ideas relating to Burns. Upon this basis the Burns Chronicle started its career, under the editorship of the late Mr. John Muir, who after a year was succeeded by the late Mr. Duncan M'Naught, LL.D. A 2 EDITORIAL During its life the Chronicle has altered to some extent in appearance and content, but its original pur pose has retained its vitality through times of immense change and upheaval. It is, broadly speaking, the voice of the Burns Federation and of people interested in Burns everywhere. It puts on record all aspects of the Federa tion's aim to disabuse the memory of the poet, to excite admiration for his works and honour for his name. More specifically, it acts as a repository of facts relating to Burns and his writings. It likes to leave the facts to speak for themselves as far as possible, to narrate rather than explain, to put forward authenticated evidence and not wage ghostly wars among theories. Some of its material is specially directed to future writers upon, and critics of, Burns. In other items old ground is sometimes re-surveyed, to clear away confusion and error. Numerous inaccuracies in biographies of the poet have been corrected by articles in the Chronicle. Innumerable conjectures and mis-statements have been investigated. Many letters by and concerning Burns have appeared in print there for the first time, and the results of a very considerable amount of research appear in its pages especially in those of the second series, begun in 1926. In justification of this purpose, it is a fact that nearly every book on the subject of Burns published in the course of the last generation has been indebted for much of its information to articles in the Bums Chronicle. The function of being a comprehensive clearing-house for Burnsiana of all sorts has, indeed, proved a substantial part of the Chronicle's achievement and one for which it is uniquely equipped. On the other hand, the Chonicle has also devoted much of its attention to serving in all the ways open to it the more social and personal side of the Burns cult which finds its outlet in annual suppers and dinners and in meetings and lectures. These are recorded, outstanding orations and lectures are published, and notable personali ties and events centring round the cult have attention given them. Some idea of the range of the material embodied in the Chronicle is conveyed by the printed Index to the first series of the annual, covering the period from 1892 to 1925. This records such varied items as addresses by Alfred Austin, the Earl of Balfour, Andrew Carnegie, EDITORIAL 3 Sir Ian Hamilton, the Earl of Rosebery and Lord Tweedsmuir. Among the contributors are Sir William Craigie, Sir Arthur Keith, Neil Munro and Sir William Robertson Nicoll; while the subjects dealt with range from " Burns's influence on American literature " to " Burns and Cervantes"; from Burns's family Bible to " Burns in Denmark and Sweden " ; from " Burns as a Volunteer " to his family history and friends. The Burns Chronicle has gathered its material from far and wide during its lifetime, and it may be claimed that it would be hard to find any other possible repository for so much discovery, inquiry and opinion than this tenacious publication, kept ahve by nothing more--or less-than affection and reverence for the memory of one humble Scotsman whose short span drew to its obscure close more than a century before the Burns Chronicle was even contemplated. Over one point some criticism is occasionally raised the name Burns Chronicle. Does this not, perhaps, in view of the purpose of providing a continuous year-by year commentary on Burns matters, suggest something too static, too much rooted in the past? Would not Burns Year Book more clearly express our purpose as it has been unfolded by time and as it proceeds into the second half of its century? The point might, we suggest, be given consideration when times admit. LETTERS OF ROBERT BURNS The first of the two letters which follow appeared in an American periodical of December 1936 and in the Scots Magazine (Edinburgh) of January 1937; it is reprinted here from the latter publication. The manuscript was formerly owned by the late James Wyllie Guild, a dis tinguished collector at Glasgow, and was included in the sale of his autographs and manuscripts at Chapman & Son's auction-rooms in Edinburgh on 28th April 1888. (Lot no. 14; price £11.) The copy of his Poems presented by Burns to Gilbert Ker is now in private hands in Scot land; the inscribed " label," pasted on the reverse of the half-title of the book, is reproduced-by permission on the opposite page. The second letter is no. 273 in the Clarendon Press edition of Burns's Letters, with note " MS. not traced." It is printed here-by permission-from the manuscript; the words within brackets are missing, the letter being slightly imperfect where it was sealed. J. C. E. I TO MR WILLIAM SCOT, Bookbinder, Edinr. Mr. Scot, As you have still some of the ordinary bound copies, which I suppose are all ready, parcel up two of them each by itself, and seal them up. One of them direct to Miss Ainslie at Berrywell near Dunse, & send it by Dunse carrier, if possible this week as the Dunse carrier does not leave Edinr. till Saturday morning early.-The other direct to Mr. Gilbt. Ker, Farmer in Stodrigg near Kelso, & send it by the Kelso carrier.-Paste the inclosed labels on the blank leaves or inside of the cover.- I am your friend RoBT. BURNS Dunse, 24th May 1787 [P.S.-] From what I have just now learnt you can- INSCRIPTION BY BURNS on a copy of hi s " p oems ,, presented to Gilbert Ker BURNS LETTERS 5 not get the parcels sent by this week's carrier, but do not fail the next opportunity. R. B. II TO ROBERT GRAHAM, ESQ. OF FINTRY, George Street, Edinr. Ellisland, 23d Septr. 1788 Sir, Though I am scarce able to hold up my head with this fashionable Influenza, which is just now the rage here abouts, yet, with half a spark of Life I would try to thank you for [your] most generous favour of the 14th; which, owing to my mfrequent calls at the Post-Office, in the hurry of harvest, came only to hand yesternight. I assure you, my ever-honored Sir, I read it with eyes brimful of other drops than those of anguish.-Oh, what means of happiness the Author of Goodness has put in their hands to whom he has given the power to bless; & what real happiness has he given to those on whom he has likewise bestowed kind, generous, benevolent Dis positions !-Did you know, Sir, from how many fears & forebodings the friendly assurances of your patronage & protection has freed me, it would be some reward for your goodness.--- ! am curst with a melancholy Prescience, which makes me the veriest coward, in Life.-There is not any exertion which I would not attempt, rather than be in that horrid situation--to be ready to call on the mountains to fall on me, & the hills to cover me from the presence of a haughty Landlord, or his still more haughty Underling, to whom I owed--what I could not pay.--:My :Muse, too, the circumstance that after my Domestic Comfort is by far the dearest to my soul, to have it in my power to cultivate her acquaintance to advantage--in short, Sir, you have, like the GREAT BEING whose image you so richly bear, made a Creature happy who had no other claim to your goodness than his Necessity, & who can make you no other return than his grateful Acknowledge ment.- :My farm I think I am certain will, in the long run, be 6 BURNS LETTERS an Object for me; & as I rent it the first three years some thing under, I will be able to weather by a twelvemonth or perhaps more; tho' it would make me set Fortune more at defiance, if it can be in your power to grant my request as I mentioned, in the beginning of next Summer.-! was thinking that as I am only a little more than five miles from Dumfries, I might perhaps officiate there, if any of these Officers could be removed with more pro priety than M•. Smith; but besides the monstrous incon venience of it to me, I could not bear to injure a poor fellow by outing him to make way for myself: to a wealthy Son of good-fortune like Smith, the injury is imaginary, where the propriety of your rules admit. fHad I been] well, I intended to have troubled you farth[er with a descrip]tion of my Soil, & plan of farm ing[; but as business wi]ll call me to town about Febru ary next, [I hope] then to have the honor of assuring you in propria persona how much & how truly I am, Sir, your deeply indebted & ever grateful humble servt. RoBT. BURNS "THE LASSO' BALLOCHMYLE" A PALINODE In the 1937 issue of this annual there was printed, for the first time in full, the one letter known to have been written by Burns to Miss Wilhelmina Alexander, " The Lass o' Ballochmyle." The letter was reproduced also in facsimile of the " original,'! stated to be in the possession of Mr. Alexander Wyllie. An introductory note to the article said, on the authority of Mr. Wyllie, that" the manuscripts of the letter and of the song which accompanied it remained in the possession of the Alexander family until about 1859-60, when they were presented-probably by Mr. Boyd Alexander of Balloch myle and Southbar-to Mrs. James Wyllie, wife of the "THE LASS 0' BALLOCHMY LE" 7 tenant of Mossgiel, where they were written. There they have remained ever since, hanging-glazed and framed -' for the inspection of visitors' to the farm-house, said Scott Douglas in 1878." Mr. John Taylor Gibb of Mauchline has been good enough to point out that the documents now at Mossgiel are not those which were sent by the poet to Miss Alexander, and further inquiry has shown Mr. Gibb's statement to be correct. The original letter and song are still carefully preserved-and treasured, of course-by the family, and Sir Claud Alexander, Bart., has very kindly allowed me to see them. The documents which are exhibited in Mossgiel farm house, and which were reproduced in the 1937 Burns Chronicle, are copies of these originals. The glass pro tecting them is now so dust-coated that it is impossible to say whether they are photographic or lithographic repro ductions, and the present owner is unwilling that they be removed from their frames, for examination and clean ing, at the expense of the Burns Federation. Very many persons have been misled into thinking them to be the original documents, and numerous books of reference Scott Douglas's " Library Edition " of Burns and the Centenary Burns among them-have assisted to per petuate the mistake regarding these interesting literary relics. As the two documents at Moss$'iel were certainly mechanically-produced from the origrnals, the text of them as printed on pages 11-13 of the 1937 Burns Chronicle may be accepted as accurate. J. C. E. BURNS'S FIRST ELECTION BALLAD FOR HERON OF KERROUGHTREE The manuscript of a new version of the first of the four election ballads written (1795-1796) by Burns on behalf of Patrick Heron of Kerroughtree has recently come to light. As it shows numerous variations from the printed versions, it is printed here by kind permis sion of the present owner. Who " Master Dick)'" (stanza 6) was is not clear; probably the reference is to Lord Garlies, who was an officer in the King's Navy, and so called a '' Dicky. '' 1 Wham will we send to London town, To Parliament, & a' that; Wha maist, in a' the country round, For worth & sense may fa' that. For a' that & a' that, Thro' Galloway & a' that, Whilk is the Laird, or belted Knight, That best deserves to fa' that. 2 Wha sees Kirouchtree's open yett, And wha is't never saw that, Or wha e'er wi' Kirouehtree met, That has a doubt of a' that. For a' that & a' that, Here's Heron yet for a' that; The independant Patriot, The Honest Man, & a' that. 3 Tho' wit & worth, in either sex, Saint Mary's Isle can shaw that; Wi' Lords & Dukes let Selkirk mix, For weel does Selkirk fa' that. For a' that & a' that, Here's Heron yet for a' that; An independant Commoner Maun bear the gree & a' that. HERON ELECTION BALLAD 9 4 To paughty Lordlings shall we jouk, And it against the law that: For even a Lord may be a gowk, Tho sprung frae kings & a' that. For a' that & a' that, Here's Heron yet for a' that; A lord may be a lousy loun, Wi ribband, star & a' that. 5 Yon beardless boy comes o'er the hills, Wi's uncle's gowd, & a' that: But we'll hae ane frae 'mang oursels, A man we ken & a' that. For a' that & a' that, Here's Heron yet for a' that; We are na to the market come Like nowt & naigs & a' that. 6 If we are to be knaves & fools, And bought & sauld & a' that, A truant callan frae the schools It's ne'er be said did a' that. For a' that, & a' that, Here's Heron yet for a' that; And Master Dicky, thou shalt get A gird & stick to ea' that. BURNS'S MESSAGE FOR TO-DAY The annual commemorative service at the Wallace Burns cairn in Leglen Wood, near Auchincruive, was held on Sunday, 2lst July 1940. Addressing the gather ing the Rev. W. Phin Gillieson, M.C., M.A., recalled that it was to Leglen Wood Burns paid a visit, when, as he told in his own words, he " chose a fine summer Sunday, the only day of the week in my power, and walked half a dozen miles to pay my respects to the 'Leglen wood,' with as much devout enthusiasm as ever Pilgrim did to Loretto; and, as I explored every den and dell where I could suppose my heroic Countryman to have sheltered, I recollect (for even then I was a Rhymer) that my heart glowed with a wish to be able to make a Song on him equal to his merits." Elsewhere the poet recorded that " the story of Wallace poured a Scottish prejudice in my veins which will boil along there till the flood-gates of life shut in eternal rest." Burns was led to visit Leglen by the words of " Blind Harry"- " Then to the Laigland-Wood when it grew late, To make a silent and a soft retreat," and it was out of his visit there that Burns afterwards composed the song still sung_wherever Scotsmen fore gather, "Scots wha hae wi' Wallace bled." This was a historic occasion, Mr. Gillieson went on, because that day marked the 144th anniversary of the death of their poet. Would he were living at this hour: Britain had need of him! We needed to-day a trumpet call like his to the Dumfries Volunteers- " Does haughty Hun invasion threat? Then let the loons beware, Sir! There's iron walls upon our seas And volunteers on shore, Sir! The Nith shall run to Corsincon, And Cri:ffel sink in Solway, Ere we permit a foreign foe On British ground to rally! " BURNS'S MESSAGE FOR TO-DAY 11 And there was need to change only one word in the song- " Now's the day, and now's the hour: See the front o' battle lour, See approach proud Hitler's power Chains and slaverie ! '' Mr. Gillieson made the following verses a call to the faint hearts, the fifth columnists and the neutrals- " Wha will be a traitor knave? Wha can fill a coward'a grave? Wha sae base as be a slave? Let him turn and flee! " To our allies in the ravaged lands- " By Oppression's woes and pains, By your sons in servile chains, We will drain our dearest veins, But they shall be free ! " To all good men everywhere he said- " Lay the proud usurpers low! Tyrants £all in every foe ! Liberty's in every blow! Let us do or die ! " But Robert Burns presumed of us all one or two essentials of which he would remind them- " Be Britain still to Britain true, Amang oursels united! '! Against a common enemy there must be a common efiort. In this war there was no room for difierences among ourselves, standing on our rights and privileges. It was "out all you can." Neglect no means! Go to it! There was no place now for the conscientious objector. We were all in it. No man or woman could escape. They had a duty towards their neighbour which stood equally clear beside their duty to God : if these duties did not coincide-as he thought they did. Continuing, Mr. Gillieson said:-" Robert Burns would, I am sure, if he were with us yet, recall us all to a simpler life than that which of late we have been living. I would not say with some that we find our- 12 BURNS'S MESSAGE FOR TO-DAY selves to-day where we are because our life has been too self-indulgent and soft and luxurious, but I would say and maintain that on a high endeavour such as ours we must 'so run that we may obtain. Every man that striveth for the mastery is temperate in all things,' says St. Paul. ' I therefore so run, not as uncertainly; so fight I, not as one that beateth the air: but I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection.' Some of us many of us-will have to learn to do that a great deal more than we do before we are worthy of victory in this warfare. As one of our speakers put it the other day, ' Nothing is powerful enough to prevail against Nazism or Communism that is not as revolutionary and passionate as they are.' If it is totalitarian war on the one side, it must be consecrated war on the other. The ruthless gangster will only fall to the dedicated man. ' Gie fools their silks and knaves their wine-A man's a man ' . . . , but we are engaged in dangerous business which needs all our wits. "And, finally, I am sure that Robert Burns would deplore the lack of spiritual religion which these times only emphasise- 'When ranting round in Pleasure's ring, Religion may be blinded; Or if she gie a random sting, It may be little minded; But when on Life we're tempest-driv'n A conscience but a canker- A correspondence fix' d wi' Heav'n Is sure a noble anchor ! ' " Have we Scots been looking to our anchor as we ought? Is God the predominant factor in our lives, or the Flesh? Is the fear of God the one fear with us which banishes all other fears? Is the worship of God the daily exercise of our souls, or only a distasteful occasional exercise? Are our children taught of God and of His Son, Jesus Christ, as firmly and cogently as we were or our fathers were before us? Have we sought in our religion only a bed of roses, forgetting that it also contains a crown of thorns? These are questions that we must answer to save our dear country and our own souls." BURNS'S MESSAGE FOR TO-DAY 13 Mr. Gillieson ended by quoting- " 0 Scotia! my dear, my native soil! For whom my warmest wish to Heaven is sent! Long may thy hardy sons 0£ rustic toil Be blest with health, and peace, and sweet content! And 0 ! may Heaven their simple lives prevent From Luxury's contagion, weak and vile! Then, howe'er crowns and coronets be rent, .A. virtuous populace may rise the while And st;:i,nd a wall of fire around their much-lov'd Isle." B.A.LLOCHMYIJE FOG-HOUSE " With careless step I onward stray'd, My heart rejoic'd in Nature's joy; When, musing in a lonely glade, A Maiden fair I chanc' d to spy : Her look was like the Morning's eye, Her air like Nature's vernal smile; Perfection whisper'd, passing by:- ' Behold the LASS o' BALLOCHMYLE I ' " The lady whose beauty is thus celebrated was Miss Wilhelmina .Alexander, sister of the Laird of Balloch myle, whose domain extended about two miles along the north bank of the River .A.yr and not far from the village of Mauchline. Sauntering one evening in Spring among the Braes of Ballochmyle, Burns suddenly came upon the subject of these lines and was at once inspired. Enclos ing them to her in a courtly letter of apology and explanation, with a request for her permission to have them published, the poet was chagrined never to receive a syllable of acknowledgment. Years afterwards the Ballochmyle family erected near the spot a Fog-house, thatched with heather and lined with native twigs and fog, and having inside a tablet on which are engraved in facsimile two stanzas from " The Lass o' Ballochmyle." For many years this spot has been visited by Burns admirers, and when in the latter months of 1939 the 14 BALLOCHMYLE FOG-HOUSE house and policies of Ballochmyle passed from the Alexander family to H.M. Office of Works for conversion to a hospital, concern was felt for the safety of the Fog house. Mauchline Burns Club discussed the preservation of the shrine, and one of its members was authorized to take the matter up with H.M. Office of Works and the Department of Health for Scotland. It is with the liveliest satisfaction I have to record the almost instant reply of both Departments that immediate steps would be taken for the preservation of the Fog house, and also that facilities would be provided for admirers of the poet to visit the spot. In order that no encroachment be made upon the privacy of the hospital grounds, access to the Fog-house is now to be had from the Cumnock Road entrance to the estate, near the Howford Bridge which spans the River Ayr. JAMES MACINTYRE KIPLING-BURNS " Kipling brought the universe before the multitude, he had a note for every listener, he threw his pearls freely in the market-place, out of the universality of his dealings he touched everyone sometime somewhere. Very much the same could be said of an earlier writer to who:in Kipling was once or twice indebted-Robert Burns. Burns, too, had his period of semi-eclipse-and triumphantly has he survived it. Imperfect and universal, full of jars yet stocked with the unforgettable, half public-house and half Olympus, Robert Burns seems in ;no danger of extinction. If like causes pro duce like effects, then neither, o;ne would say, is Rudyard Kipling."--Mr. Hilt FROM THE DUMJIR.U:S JOURNAL. nonEBT BUltNS. the church-yard gate, thcJ1Jll"m party, llWlnlinr; lJlt«I he~, oJf the mortU.ng of the 21!\ infi. and ' "' the 111lcs of that cxcrcifo, formed two lin ~ .6,i!l:uated by tl1e r INTIMATION OF THE DEATH OF BURNS AND ..\ CCOUNT OF HIS FUNERAL (Offprint from the "Dumfries Journal" in the possession of Dumfries Burns Club) 'l'HE DEATH OF BURNS HIS FINAL MOMENTS: HIS LAST WORDS AN UNPUBLISHED ACCOUNT The death " at Dumfries, after a lingering illness, of the celebrated Robert Burns "-thus did the news paper press of his day announce the passing of the poet- was not unexpected, either by his friends or by Burns himself. " Have you any commands for the other world? " he had asked one of those friends-Maria 1 Riddel-only a few days previously ; and letters exchanged between certain of his intimates show that they knew the protracted illness from which he suffered was likely to prove fatal. He had been ill for many months, with rheumatism and heart trouble. "Almost ever since I wrote you last," he informed George Thomson (at Edinburgh) in April of 1796, " I have only known Existence by the pressure of the heavy hand of Sickness, and have counted time by the repercussions of Pain ! Rheumatism, Cold and Fever have formed, to me, a terrible Trinity in Unity, which makes me close my eyes in misery and open them without hope." And to Alexander Cunningham (also at Edinburgh) he wrote, 2 " For these eight or ten months I have been ailing, sometimes bedfast and sometimes not; but these last three months I have been tortured with an excruciating rheu matism, which has reduced me to nearly the last stage. . . . The Medical folks tell me that my last and only chance is bathing and country quarters and riding." And so, in a final attempt to recover that health which he feared had " flown from him forever," he went to Brow, on the Solway shore, there to drink the chalybeate waters and to bathe in the open sea. He arrived at Brow on the third or fourth day of July, and remained there until the seventeenth or eighteenth of the month, when he returned to his house in the Mill Vennel of Dumfries, little-if at all-the better for the " cure." At Brow he met Maria Riddel for the last time, and she has left it on record3 that then "the stamp of death was impressed 16 THE DEATH OF BURNS on his features. He seemed already touching the brink of eternity.'! "From this period," says John M'Diarmid in his "Memoranda~' taken down from Mrs. Burns's dicta tion,4 the poet " was closely confined to bed, and was scarcely himself for half an !hour together. By this it is meant that his mind wandered, and that his nervous system was completely unhinged. He was aware of this infirmity himself, and told his wife that she was to touch him and remind !him that he was going wrong. The day before he died he called, very quickly and with a hale voice, ' Gilbert, Gilbert I ' Three days before he died he got out of bed, and his wife found him sitting in a comer of the room with the bed clothes about him. Mrs. Bur;ns got assistance, and he suffered himself to be gently led back to bed. But for the fit, his strength would have been unequal to such an exertion." On 11th July John Syme, the poet's closest friend in Dumfries, informed Alexander Cunningham5 that he was " really extremely alarmed, not only by the cadaverous aspect and shaken frame of Burns, but from the accounts which I have heard from the first Faculty here .... I do not mean to alarm you, but really poor Burns is very ill.'' 'l'wo days later Syme " conceived it to be a task . . . to mention now that I believe it is all over with him. I am this minute come from the mournful chamber in which I ha,ve seen the eipiring genius of Scotland departing with Burns. Dr. Maxwell told me yesterday he had ;no hopes; today the hand of Death is visibly fixed upon him. . . . He had life enough to acknowledge me, and Mrs. Burns said he had been calling on you and me con tinually. He made a wonderful exertion when I took him by the band-with a strong voice he said 'I am much better today-I shall soon be well again, for I comma;nd my spirits and my mind. But yesterday I resigned myself to death.' Alas, it will not do." Two more days passed. Then on 21st July Syme again wrote to Cunningham, to tell him that " Burns departed this morning at 5 o'Clock." ALLAN CUNNINGHAM'S FICTIONS " His last moments have never been described," wrote Allan Cunningham in an article-" Robert Burns and THE DEATH OF BURNS 17 Lord Byron "-contributed to the London magazine of 1824. 6 Declaring it to be " less my wish to draw the characters of those extraordinary men than to write what I remember of t_hem, and I will say nothing that I know not to be true and little but what I saw myself," Cunningham proceeded to provide a description of Burns's last moments, drawmg upon that fertile and vivid imagination with which he had been endowed. Here is what he wrote : - Burns " had laid his head quietly on the pillow awaiting dissolution, when his attendant reminded him of his medicine and held the cup to his lip. He started suddenly up, drained the cup at a gulp, threw his ha;nds before him like a man about to swim, and sprung from head to foot of the bed-fell with his face down, and expired with a groan." That Cunningham was not too satisfied with this effusion is shown by the fact that ten years later (1834), when preparing his first edition of the Works of Burns, he abbreviated7 it, making it read thus:- " When his attendant, James Maclure, held a cordial to his lips he swallowed it eagerly-rose almost wholly up spread out his hands-sprang forward nigh the whole length of the bed-fell on his face and expired." Despite " honest Allan's " expressed intention (in 1824) that "my words shall be spoken with honesty and freedom," his account of the death of Burns has for long been accepted as nothing more than one of his most successful attempts at fiction-writing, in the role of a "hackney magazine-scribbler." Burns's eldest son informed8 Dr. Robert Carruthers of Inverness-who had " a long and memorable conversation " with him-that " Cunningham must have been misinformed. The poet was too much crippled by disease, a;nd too much enfeebled, for such a strange exertion. He lay a helpless wreck, his mind wandering in delirium. His last words were--' That rascal, Matthew Penn '-an incoherent ejaculation, prompted pro bably by some dread of the law and a gaol-for Matthew Penn was an attorney, and the poet was a few pounds in debt." But it should be added that the accuracy of young Burns's statement-made to others besides Carruthers was, in turn, questioned by the J>Oet's widow in the latest years of her life; and " it is at least possible," says Dr. B 18 THE DEATH OF BURNS 9 William Wallace, " that the son-he was only a boy of ten-may have misunderstood his father's last ejacula tion." THE TRUE STORYP In his Life of Burns (published in 1800) Dr. James Currie referred briefly to the last illness and death of the poet. Particulars of these he had obtained in corre spondence with Dr. William Maxwell, the physician who had attended Burns, and with John Syme; supplemented by information communicated by Gilbert Burns and by Syme in the course of a visit which they paid to Currie at Liverpool in the autumn of 1797. "When brought back [from Brow] "-Currie says10 of Burns- " to his own house in Dumfries, on the 18th of July, he was no longer able to stand upright. At this time a tremor per vaded his frame, his tongue was parched, and his mind sunk into delirium when not roused by conversation. O;n the second and third day the fever increased and his strength diminished. On the fourth, the sufferings of this great but ill-fated ge;nius were terminated, and a life was closed in which virtue and passion had been at-perpetual variance." '' The sense of his poverty and of the approaching distress of his infant family pressed heavily on Burns as he lay on the bed of death. Yet he alluded to his indigence, at times, with something approaching to his wonted gaiety. 'What business,' said he to Dr. Maxwell . . . , ' has a physician to waste his time on me 7 I am a poor pigeon not worth pluck ing. Alas I I have not feathers enough upon me to carry me to my grave.' And when his reason was lost in delirium his ideas run in the same melancholy train; the horrors of a jail were continually present to his troubled imagination and pro duced the most affecting exclamations." UNPUBLISHED DOCUMENTS The second of these striking quotations is a revised version of one which Currie had submitted to Syme with a letter, written from Liverpool on 29th December 1799, which has never yet been printed. 11 The relevant portion of Currie's "reflections "-which extend to several quarto pages and are of very great interest to readers and students of Burns-is printed here along with the letter. THE DEATH OF BURNS 19 " My dea,r Syme : " Annexed, or rather prefixed, you have the reflections which immediately follow the death of Burns, and which must tomorrow or next day go to the printer [of the Life]. The language may be a little altered, as this is the first draft, but these are the sentiments. Pray consider them attentively, and see whether you think me as supported in point of fact ...... " Have I stated the state of his mind in the last days of his life accurately and in a way to please you 1 The last exclamation etc. I minuted down from your conversation : am I right in accuracy, am I right in other respects1 I have no objection to omitting this if you wish it, or to altering any thing as you may propose.'' REFLECTIONS " With all his failings, Burns was a most affectionate parent, and the fate of his infant family pressed heavily upon him in the latter days of his life. The subject brought with it many bitter reflections that unmanned his resolution and sunk his heart into despondence. The consciousness of his poverty was constantly present to his mind. ' Why,' said he to Dr. Maxwell, ' should you waste your precious time on me 1 I am a poor pigeon not worth plucking. Alas I I have not featJhers enough upon me to carry me to my grave I ' '' And when his mind began to wander from the preci;ncts of reason, the apprehension of want haunted his troubled imagination continually. At times he conceived himself as under confinement for debt; and under the convulsive motions which preceded his dissolution, considering himself as torn from his family to encounter the horrors of a jail, he called on his friends for assistance, exclaiming ' Maxwell ! Macmurdo I Syme I will none of you relieve me 1 ' Tihese were the last words he uttered." Nothing more pathetic can ever have been spoken than the appeal by the poet to his friends contained in the penultimate sentence of that quotation. That the incident actually happened is suggested by Currie's declaration that "the last exclamation etc. I minuted down from your (Syme's) conversation " at Liverpool unless Syme had concocted the story, which is possible, if unlikely. Tpen why was it suppressed? Several letters from Syme to Currie are known to be in existence ; unfortunately, the one which would have answered that 20 THE DEATH OF BURNS question-the one which caused Currie to print a far lest> interesting version of the story of Burns's last days is not among them. And so we are left to conjecture the reason. J.C. E. NOTES 1. Works of B'1111'ns (1800, 4 vols.): I, 223. 2. Letter from Brow, 7th July 1796. 3. See note no. 1. 4. Life and works of Burns, ed. by P. Hately Waddell (Glas., 1867): appendix, p. XXIV. 5. Burns ckronicle, ser. II, v. X (1935), pp. 39-41. 6. The article is reprint.ad in the Mirror of literatu1·e, 14th and 2lst August 1824; quotation is from this print, pp. 121-123, 157-159. 7. Vol. I, page 342. 8. Highland note-book (1843), pp. 270-272. 9. Life and wo·rks of Burns, ed. by R. Chambers, rev. by W. Wallace (Edin., 1896, 4 vols.): IV, 285. 10. Works of Burns (1800, 4 vols.): I, 225-231. 11. The lett.er may be printed in:full in a future volume of the Burns chronicle. FRANCIS JEFFREY ON BURNS Francis Je:ffrey's review of R. H. Cromek's Reliques of Robert Burns, contributed to the Edinburgh Review of January 1809, has always been regarded with mis givings by true admirers of Burns. Its general tone was so harsh and unsympathetic that it caused a great amount of resentment at the time. Thomas Campbell wrote that it contained " some of the severest strictures that ever have been passed upon his poetry ";1 and John Gibson Lockhart described it as " the longest, and most deli berate, and most elaborate attack that ever assailed the character of Burns-an attack of which, with all my tolerance for Mr. J e:ffrey' s failings, I cannot help thinking the whole spirit and tone are radically and essentially abominable. " 2 Je:ffrey's attitude to Burns in this review is largely explained by the fact that, while he belonged in time to the mterim between the Augustan Age and the Romantic Revival, his sympathies lay mainly with the poets of the Augustan Age, so that much in the poetry of the new era ran contrary to his established convictions. The Augustans regarded literature as mainly the preroga tive of the leisured classes, and thought that poetry should show refinement both in matter and in expression. Thus J e:ffrey as a true Augustan criticised Burns for showing " a want of polish in the general tone of his gallantry," " a lamentable trait of vulgarity,'' and many other " symptoms of rusticity " ; and blamed Wordsworth for dealing with trivialities such as " stuff about dancing daffodils and sister Emmelines,'' and for debasing his art generally by consorting with " dalesmen and cottagers and little children " and thus shutting himself off from the influences of polite society. Yet at the same time J e:ffrey recognised intuitively the greatness of Burns, and was prepared to acknowledge his genius. Later in life he regretted many of the strictures which he had passed on the poet, and in a review of Campbe!Fs Specimens of the British poets3 published in March 1819-several months before Lockhart's attack on him in Peter' s letters, and therefore not influenced by it 2'2 FRANCIS JEFFREY ON BURNS -he recanted to a great extent. A letter4 written in 1837 to William Empson, his future son-in-law and successor in the editorial chair of the Edinburgh Review, shows an even greater change in his attitude to Burns. As the review of 1819 and this letter of 1837 are not well known to students of Burns, the relevant portions of them are reprinted here. C. ANGUS NOTES 1. SpecimeM of British poets (1819, 7 vols.), v. VII, p. 243. 2. Peter's letters ta his kinsfolk (3rd ed., 1819, 3 vols.), v. I, p. 117. 3. Editnburgh Review, March 1819, pp. 492-3. 4. Letter to Willia:tn Empson, llth November 1837: in Lord Cockburn's Life of Lord Jeffrey (1852, 2 vols.), v. II, pp. 291-3. I FROM JEFFREY'S REVIEW OF CAMPBELL'S " SPECIMENS OF THE BRITISH POETS " . . " There is too much of William Whitehead, and almost too much of Richard Glover-and a great deal too much of Amhurst Selden, Brall).ston and Meston. Indeed tJhe nequid nimis seems to have been more forgotten by the learned editor in the last than in ari.y of the other volumes. Yet there is by no means too much of Burns, or Cowper, or even of the Wartons. The abstract of Burne's life is beautiful; and we are most willing to acknowledge the defence of the poet, against some of the severities of this Journal, is sub stantially successful. No one who reads a,11 tJi,at we have written of Burns will doubt of the si:ncerity of our admiration for his genius, or of tJhe depth of our veneration and sympathy for his lofty character and his unti:tnely fate. We still think he had a vulgar taste in letter-writing, and too frequently patronized the belief of a connexion between licentious indulgences and generosity of chara,cter. But, on looking back on what we have said on these subjects, we are sensible that we have expressed ourselves with too much bitterness, and made tJi,e words of our censure far more comprehensive than our meaning. A certain tone of exag geration is incident, we fear, to the sort of writing i;n which we are engaged. Reckoning a little too much, perha,ps, on the dulness of our readers, we are often led, unconsciously, to overstate our sentiments, in order to make them understood; FRANCIS JEFFREY ON BURNS 23 and, where a little controversial warmth is added to a little love of effect, an excess of colouring is apt to steal over the canvas which ultimately offends no eye so much as our own. We gladly make this expiation to the shade of our illustrious countryman '' . . . II FROM JEFFREY'S LETTER TO WILLIAM EMPSON . " In the last week I have read all Burns' life and works-not without many tears1 for the life especi~lly. What touches me most is the pitiable poverty in which that gifted being (and his noble-minded father) passed his early days the painful frugality to which their fonocence was doomed, and the thought how small a share of the useless luxuries in which we (such comparatively poor creatures) indulge would have sufficed to shed joy and cheerfulness in their dwellings, and perhaps to have saved that glorious spirit from the trials and temptations under which he fell so prematurely. Oh my dear Empson, there must be something terribly wrong in the present arrangements of the universe, when those things can happen, and be thought natural. I could lie down in the dirt, and cry and grovel there, I think, for a century, to save such a soul as Burns from the suffering and the contamination and the degradation which these same arrange ments i:inposed upon him; and I fancy that, if I could but have known him, in my present state of wealth and influence, I might have saved, and reclaimed, and preserved him, even to the present day. He would not have been so old as my brother judge Lord Glenlee, or Lord Lynedoch, or a dozen others that one meets daily in society. And what a creature, not only in genius, but in nobleness of character; potentially at least, if right models had been put gently before him. But we must not dwell on it. You south Saxons cannot value him rightly, and miss half the pathos, and more than half the sweetness. There is no such mistake as that your chief miss is in the humour or the shrewd sense. It is in far higher and :inore delicate elements-God help you I We shall be up to the whole, I trust, in another world. When I think of his position, I have no feeling for the ideal poverty of your Wordsworths and Coleridges; comfortable, flattered, very spoiled, capricious, idle beings, fantastically discontented because they cannot make an easy tour to Italy, and buy casts and cameos; and what poor, peddling, whining drivellers in comparison with him I But I will have no uncharity. They too should have J:>een richer " ... FORGERIES OF BURNS MANUSCRIPTS I \ THE CAUSE CELEBRE OF "ANTIQUE SMITH" I Alexander Howland Smith was employed as a scrivener by T. H. Ferrier, W.S., Edinburgh. One day, in the year 1887, he was cleaning out the muniment room when, among some old documeILts marked down for destruction, he found a manuscript of Robert Burns. He took it to James Stillie, a highly respected but aged antiquarian bookseller in the capital, who purchased it from him. Facilis descensus Avernol Opportunity was knocking at Smith's door, and it hadn't to knock twice. He began to fabricate Burns manuscripts by the score, finding a positively gluttonous market for them at certain booksellers' establishments. A number of these fabrica tions were passed on to a chemist named Mackenzie, who called his collection the " Rillbank Crescent Manu scripts." The sale of these at Dowell's auction-rooms created a sensation among collectors, but a greater sensa tion was in store for them. Mr. W. Cra1be Angus of Glas~ow, Mr. H. D. Colvill-Scott of Surrey, and Mr. Wilham Riach, Editor of the Edinbur9h Evening Dispatch, were the men primarily responsible for detect ing the fraudulent nature of the Rillbank manuscripts, exposing the impostures, and bringing the forger to book. The disclosures shocked the world of archivist, antiquary, and connoisseur as it had never been shocked before. The literary forgeries of George Psalmanazar, Constantine Simomdes, Thomas Chatterton, William Henry Ireland and Vrain-Denis Lucas of Paris were sensational enough, but not one of them created the panic among collectors which the Edinburgh exposures created in 1892. Craibe Angus and Colvill-Scott first challenged the genuineness of some items in Mackenzie's precious collec tion. A controversy followed in the press, in which the cocksure Mackenzie came off second best. 'The Evening Dispatch took the matter up editorially, and in a series of articles averred that Edinburgh was the plague-spot of BURNS FORGERIES 25 a corrupt traffic in literary and historical documents. This set the press of the whole kingdom moving, the London papers being particularly agitated. Then, from all over the world practically, documents purchased from Edinburgh, either by agents or visitors in person or through the medium of catalogues, began to pour into the British Museum and to other institutions for expert scrutiny. Most of these were promptly condemned as fakes. Possibly the greatest victim of all was John S. Kennedy of New York. He made an imposing collection of autographed documents, many of which he generously presented to various institutions in America. They were gratefully and, of course, unsuspectingly accepted, the donor being publicly acclaimed in the press. Mr. Kennedy became alarmed at the furore in Scotland and submitted his entire collection of two hundred and two items to the British Museum for inspection. The verdict was staggering: only one small fragment of paper was pronounced genuine, and it was the least significant docu ment of the lot. As the press agitation grew hotter, more and more victims came forward, and what amounted to boards of examiners-students of literature, professors, dealers, antiquaries and archivists-were kept busy in Edinburgh, Glasgow and London. The victims were not all private persons. Art galleries, libraries and municipalities had been hugging the fraudulent offspring of " Antique Smith" to their bosoms as les-itimate bairns. Much weepins- and wailing and gnashmg of teeth followed the disillusionment. Here was a host of romantic relics of the earth's great spirits and of Scotland's proud story-in matchless array of vellum sealed and be-ribboned, or on contemporary paper bearing faded handwriting and creased, stained, soiled with the rime of years, franked, super-scribed and docketed-all spurious. Letters and documents written by Mary Queen of-Scots, Darnley, Bothwell, the Stewart Kings, Prince Charlie, Flora Macdonald, Oliver Cromwell, Wellington, Nelson, Burns, Scott, Thackeray, Carlyle, Montrose, James Hogg, Pitt, Burke, and scores of others. Such was the versatile and numerically staggering output of the obliging Smith; but no one knew, or admitted to knowing, who the industrious crafts man was. 26 BURNS FORGERIES Meanwhile the Evening Dispatch poured forth column after column of indictment and opened its correspondence columns to expert and dupe alike, while Stillie (so " advanced in age " that Kennedy dropped his action against him) and Mackenzie protested most vigorousll, against the suggestions. that they had tried to " do ' anyone or that anyone had swindled them. They defended their precious items with a zeal that evaporated only when the weevil-like literary sleuths on the job :pro duced many of the " Burns " poems from magazmes published before Burns was born, and pointed out in other manuscripts irregularities of spelling, incoherencies of diction and palpable anachronisms which made further protest ridiculous. The private investigation was followed by police activity. It was sufficiently established that all the documents examined emanated from one source. Where was the factory? It was at this point that the press began to mention a mysterious "Mr. Smith." It was said that he was an Edinburgh man, and the London Telegraph waxed indignant and demanded the immediate arrest of this Scottish miscreant:-" Punishment suffi ciently severe for the Scotsman who would forge letters and poems by Scott and Burns in order to beguile the inexperienced collector could hardly be either imagined or invented. Hurling him from the top of the Castle Rock at Edinburgh would be far too mild for the offence." Several people now came forward to " peach·~ on Mr. Smith. He was a very busy person and not only peddled his romantic wares around booksellers and art-dealers, but visited private collectors, pawnbrokers and public institutions, offering valuable manuscripts, singly or in bulk, for sums ranging from five shillings to a couple of pounds. On 5th December 1892 the police called upon Smith and took him into custody. A few months later he was brought before the High Court of Justiciary on a charge of falsehood, fraud, and wilful imposition. The revelations at the trial were positively astounding. Expert and victim were there in force and, but for the fact that the central figure in the dock felt unhappy, he must have been enormously amused. Did this gentleman desire a letter written by Graham of Claverhouse? It could be obtained in a few days. Did that library wish to possess an original copy of the National Covenant? BURNS FORGERIES 27 Very well, it could be delivered. " A few days " sufficed for any miracle-a poetic trifle, a worm-eaten charter or an archaic palimpsest. You could pay your money and take your pick. The High Court atmosphere became sordid. Mysterious cabinets with secret drawers filled with ancient parchments and old deed boxes in Ferrier's office were alleged to be the sources of the copious supply of historical documents and letters offered by the gentlemen who had kept such golden contact with Mr. Smith. Down Leith Walk, behind Hope Crescent, Mr. Smith's " factory " was found-a small wooden shack in some allotments. Here he industriously applied his talents, not merely in the manuscript line, but in art not " for art's sake." Many a Sam Bough, Wintour and Orchardson hanging as the apple of someone's eye to-day would become the pip did they know it was but the work of obliging Mr. Smith. The Lord Justice-Clerk waxed sarcastic before pro-. nouncing sentence, for the jury had had the good sense to recommend the prisoner to mercy " because of the easy facilities in disposing of the spurious documents afforded him "-which was a rather genteel way of saying that Smith had been exploited by other rascals not in the dock because they could secure immunity by an affectation of ignorance. Smith received a sentence of twelve months' imprisonment. II Among the innumerable victims of " Antique Smith " were the Earl of Rosebery and Mr. John Gribbel of America, who gifted the Glenriddell Manuscripts to Scotland in 1914. That two such distinguished collectors could be taken in is not surprising, all things considered. Burns duplicated many of his productions, letters as well as songs and poems, and the fact that a manuscript offered for sale was almost identical with another elsewhere had little significance. Smith, too, in spite of the press attempts to belittle his handiwork and pillory him after the trial as a clumsy fool, was extraordinarily clever and ingenious. Lord Rosebery purchased a " Burns manu script '! which gave him two or three years' pleasure until the bombshell exploded. It was a Smith forgery, and the noble Lord demanded and got back his money 28 BURNS FORGERIES from the bookseller from whom he had bought it. He had a strong sense of humour, and at a meeting of the Scottish Corporation just before the trial he perpetrated a pun on Smith's Christian name. "Among Edinburgh's attractions," he said, " must now be included the AlexandTian LibTaTy of Burns manuscripts and Walter Scott autographs." That Smith operated for five years before he was uncovered says much for his talents as a forger. He fell at last because he became too greedy and too careless. He began to turn out his products with the facility of a sausage-machine, and in doing so forgot certain essentials. In many of his fabrications there was a family likeness between the caligraphy of the document and the " docket " scrawled on the back of it. He grew so accustomed to writing after the manner of Robert Burns in 1793 that he docketed his manuscript as having been purchased at the Gibson Craig (or the Whitefoord Mackenzie) sale in the same Burnsian handwriting. This helped to give him away. Smith usually managed to obtain pa:eer of contem porary make. He got this in many mstances from ancient quartos and folios-old theological and other works, for which he paid a few coppers. Taking them home, he extracted the blank end-leaves; these were fre quently water-marked and, therefore, aided the belief in the genuineness of the writing he made upon them. He once told me that he had two methods of making paper look old. He steeped it in weak tea, and made a few deeper stains here and there with tobacco juice. To dirty it, he creased it, and then rubbed it on a dusty slate which he first damped. He doctored his ink in many ways. It was not merely weakened with ordinary water, but dis coloured, sometimes with sepia, and at times with iron and acid. He used a quill pen, but on occasions when the pen became useless he tried to carry on with a steel pen. I have one of his forgeries obviously written with a ste~l pen, and dated at a time when steel pens did not exist. Leaves torn from old books are often worm-eaten. The tiny punctures caused by Anobium in blank, written or printed volumes usually run directly through scores of leaves. When Smith had to write on a worm-riddled page for effect, he made the fatal mistake of dodging the punctures with his pen. Sometimes he forgot to remove BURNS FORGERIES 29 the other perforations at the edge of his " fly-leaf " writing paper caused by the bookbinder's threads. Yet he frequently took pains to scrape his paper about to give it the " deckle-edged " appearance of old hand-made paper. This, as a rule, was not too convincing. A great deal of his vellum and parchment was pilfered from Ferrier's cellar. Indeed, he once convinced a pawn broker not only of the authenticity of the documents he wanted to pledge, but of his own bona fides, by showing him Ferrier's will in which he (Smith) was made heir and which was actually one of his own forgeries I He seldom adopted any of the cruder methods of the forger, such as tracing or drawing, but relied upon his caligraphic skill. Here and there it was discovered that a pencil had been used first, and now and then a letter had been "touched up '! by some pigment or other; but these were rarities. Once the manuscript was finished it was creased, soiled if necessary, maybe torn a little, folded and then inscribed at the top. To give it an additional appearance of genuineness, he would paste the bookplate of a famous collector whose library had been sold years previously (which he had removed from incon sequential volumes bought for coppers) and perhaps add to this the descriptive paragraph of the genuine item cut from the bookseller's or the auctioneer's catalogue. There was little in the way of caligraphy that this other wise nervous man would not tackle. One correspondent in the Evening Dispatch gravely asserted that he had a document signed "Julius Cresar," and he was sure it was " Antique " Smith's. Smith was a furtive character, but not at all unpleasant, almost likeable in fact, as so many incon trite sinners are. He was thirty-three at the time of the trial and not bad-looking. In his later days he was semi paralytic and was often in hospital. He acquired the nickname " Antique Smith " because, after his career with Ferrier, he earned a precarious livelihood by buying and selling ancient curios, books and autographed docu ments. He frequently worked the " snowball " system. That is, he bought some object of which he had a know ledge at one shop, " swapped " it for something slightly more valuable at another, and kept repeating this kind of transaction until his final deal brought him several pounds, though his first purchase cost him only as many 30 BURNS FORGERIES shillings. Only a man thoroughly conversant with antiques, articles of virtu, etc., can hope to do anything at this game. He was totally without contrition for his misdeeds, and not infrequently grinned at the memory of them. I shall not name the place or the persons concerned, but I must give one instance of his complete unconcern. Somewhere in Scotland a noble memorial to a great cause was erected. In the hollow foundation-stone the worthy memorialists sealed copies of the current newspapers of the locality, specimens of the coins of the particular reign (Queen Victoria), and "one of the few original copies " of a famous national document of great historic and romantic interest. The orator who unveiled the memorial was of long aristocratic lineage, and spoke eloquently and movingly of this precious roll which posterity might one day recover from its sarcophagus. Smith read the news report of the proceedings next morning, sitting on a chest in an Edinburgh bookseller's shop, and with evident relish said " Posterity won't recover much; I know where they got it, and I wrote it! " During hu1 career as a faker he had many cronies who foregathered in the garden hut o' nights, and who assisted him in preparing his materials and in disposing of his finished products. He never gave one of them away at the arrest or the trial. He listened to evidence he knew perfectly well to be a pack of lies, but he let the liar away with it. The little highly-strung man had had his innings, so he silently took every blow on his own chin and went down for the count smiling . •ToHN s. CLARKE JOHN WILSON: "DOCTOR HORNBOOK" (Silhouette by an unknown artist) PROTOTYPE OF "DOCTOR HORNBOOK" JOHN WILSON, 1751-1839 The " clachan " of Tarbolton, situated a few miles from the county town of Ayr, has numerous and close associations with Robert Burns, who lived in its neigh bourhood-at Lochlie farm-for seven years. Here in 1780 he and other young men of the district formed them selves into a debating society, naming it the " Bachelors' Club." Here in 1781 Burns was " entered an af prentice " and was " passed and raised " as a member o Lodge St. David. Here, contemporaneous with him, dwelt Alexander Tait, tailor and poetaster, some of whose broad effusions throw interesting light upon Burns's life. And here also lived John Wilson, parochial schoolmaster and prototype of the '' Doctor Hornbook '' who figures in one of Burns's best-known satires. Wilson died one hundred years ago, on 13th .January 1839, and the occasion is therefore opportune to publish certain information regarding his life which has never before been made public, and to reproduce for the first time a portrait of him-the only one known to be in existence. The son of a weaver in Glasgow, John Wilson was born there in (or about) 1751. He matriculated-" filius natu maximus Joannis Textoris in Urbe Glasguoo "-at the University of his native city in 1768,1 but appears not to have graduated. Excepting that he was married at Riccarton in 1774, we have no further information regarding him until 1781, when he was acting as school master of the parish of Oraigie (Ayrshire). On 20th December of that year he was appointed parochial school master of Tarbolton, and that position he held for eleven years. He was also session-clerk of the [arish for a period, and secretary to the local Lodge o Freemasons from 1782 till 1787. Wilson's name, however, would probably not have won perpetuity by appearing in the record of Burns's life but for a single incident which took place at a Masons' meetin~ in the spring of 1785. This incident led to Wilson s being immortalized as " Doctor Hornbook," 32 "DOCTOR HORNBOOK" and both incident and sequel are recounted by Burns's younger brother Gilbert in a letter, containing " some particulars of the history of the poems," which he addressed to Dr. James Currie, prospective biographer and editor of the poet, on 2nd April 1798. 2 The poem " Death and Doctor Hornbook," wrote Gilbert, " though not published in the Kilmarnock edition, was pro duced early in the year 1785. The Schoolmaster of Tarbolton parish, to eke up the scanty subsistence allowed to that useful class of men, had set up a shop of grocery goods. Having accidentally fallen in with some medical books and become most hobby-horsically attached to the study of medicine, he had added the sale of a few medicines to his little trade. He had got a shop-bill printed at the bottom of which, over looking his own incapacity, he had advertised that ' Advice would be given in common disorders at the shop gratis.' Robert was at a mason-meeting in Tarbolton when the Dominie unfortunately made too ostentatious a display of his medical skill. As he parted in the evening from this mixture of pedantry and physic, at the place where he describes his meeting with death, one of those floating ideas of apparition he mentions in his letter to Dr. Moore crossed his mind ; this set him to work for the rest of the way home. These circum stances he related when he repeated the verses to me next afternoon, as I was holding the plough and he was letting the water off the field beside me." In his Life of Burns (1828), John Gibson Lockhart repeated Gilbert's story, adding the rather sensational information3 that "John Wilson, alias Dr. Hornbook, was not merely com pelled to shut up shop as an apothecary, or druggist rather, by the satire which bears his name; but so irresistible was the tide of ridicule that his pupils one by one deserted him, and he abandoned his schoolcraft also. Removing to Glasgow and turning himself successfully to commercial pursuits, Dr. Hornbook survived the local storm which he could not effectually withstand, and was often heard in his latter days, when waxing cheerful and communicative over a bowl of punch ' in the Saltmarket,' to bless the lucky hour in which the dominie of Tarbolton provoked the castigation of Robert Burns. In those days the Scotch universities did not turn out doctors of physic by the hundred, according to the modern fashion introduced by the necessities of the French revolu- "DOCTOR HORNBOOK" 33 tionary war; Mr. Wilson's was probably the only medicine chest from which salts and senna were distributed for the benefit of a considerahlEl circuit of parishes; and his advice, to say the least of the matter, was p~rhaps as good as could be had, for love or money, among the wise women who were the only rivals of his practice. The poem which drove him from Ayrshire was not, we may believe, either expected or designed to produce any such serious effect. Poor Hornbook and the poet were old acquaintances, and in some sort rival wits at the time in the mason lodge." Dramatic as this tale is, it is none the less good to know now that Lockhart was mistaken in saying that Burns's satire drove Wilson from Tarbolton. Either the biographer had been misinformed or he was drawing upon hilB imagination. Subsequent writers, however, have elaborated his statements, declaring that Wilson was constrained, from the force of the satire, to " close both his shop and his school." As subsequent events show, neither the circulation locally (in manuscript) of Burns's " true story " nor its publication in the second edition (1787) of his Poems caused Wilson either to discontinue the sale of medicines and the giving of advice or to close his school. On the contrary, he continued to carry on his apothecary's shop, and he acted as parochial schoolmaster of Tarbolton for several years longer-until Martinmas of 1792. He had not the power to " close his school," the institution being under the management of the heritors and the kirk-session, by whom he himself had been appointed. Though described by Gilbert Burns as a " mixture of pedantry and physic," Wilson appears to have been a harmless enough person, whose general character was that of a decent-living " man of ability and education superior to his situation." " The local traditions of Wilson," 4 says David Lowe, " are that of a man somewhat fussy, but kind and good-hearted." R. H. Cromek, travelling Scotland (in 1808) in search of material for a book on Burns, met Wilson at Glasgow and wrote that " there is little or nothing of the pedant about him: I think a man who had never read the poem would scarcely discover any." And one of his pupils, Alexander Whitelaw, has left on record5 that Wilson was " a good teacher, and in general of easy temper, though subject to gusts of passion .... Self-complacency, hi.deed-for it scarcely c 34 "DOCTOR HORNBOOK" amounted to self-conceit-was his most prominent failing. . . . Wilson has been heard to say ' I have often wondered what set Robert Burns upon me, for we were aye on the best of terms.' But with all its severity, the satire is levelled only at the presumption of Wilson in affecting a knowledge of medicine, and it is quite possible that the poet might laugh at that and yet hold the dominie in considerable esteem." It seems clear that Burns was hardly fair to Wilson, in portions at least of the satire. Flattering as is the irony of the earlier part, the last seven verses are far otherwise and in modern eyes would amount to sheer libel. Satire was, however, looked at differently in those days. Wit and liveliness excused much that to us seems mere abuse, and there is a sparkling, strutting vitality in " Death and Doctor Hornbook." In Burns's favour it may be suggested that as he pub lished the piece in the Edinburgh (1787), but not in the Kilmarnock (1786), edition of the Poems, he did not think that " Doctor Hornbook" would be recognized. It may have been, too, that the accusations mentioned in verses 26, 27 and 28 were a matter of dry, local jests taken in good part. At all events Gilbert Burns records that "Wilson himself thought the poem on 1he whole " rather a compliment." A few years later, too, Burns came actively to the help of his victim, who had appealed to the poet for assistance. In a letter of introduction written at this time (1790) Burns describes Wilson as " a particular friend of mine." Various circumstances combined to make Wilson none too happy at Tarbolton. The author of Burns' s passionate pilgrimage states that much of the trouble was due to a chronic state of unfriendliness towards the parish school master on the part of the parish minister, Rev. Patrick Wodrow. A more material cause of Wilson's dissatisfac tion and resolve to seek a change probably lay in the fact that his salary was small and his family large-his first wife bore him eleven children between 1775 and 1793. He proposed applying for a position in the Excise or removing to Edinburgh, there to become a lawyer's clerk, and communicated with Burns, then farming and gaug ing at Ellisland, for assistance in those directions. The poet, in reply, expressed himself most kindly and sym pathetically towards the dominie and furnished him with "DOCTOR HORNBOOK" 35 an introduction to his lawyer friend John Sommerville, at Edinburgh. " I am truly sorry, my dear Sir "-he wrote on 11 th September 1790-- " that you find yourself so uncomfortably situated in Tar bolton, the more so as I fear you will find on trial that the remedy you propose is worse than the disease. The life of an Edinburgh Quill-driver at twopence a page is a life I know so well that I should be very sorry any friend of mine should ever try it. To young lads, bred to the law and meaning to push their way in that department and line of life, practising as a copying Clerk is to them a necessary step ; but to a gentleman who is unacquainted with the science of law, and who proposes to live merely by the drudgery of his quill, he has before him a life of many sorrows. Pardon me, my dear Sir, this freedom: I wish only to keep you, as far as my knowledge of life can, from being misled by that seducing slut, Fancy, under the mask of Hope. The Excise is impracticable to you. No man above thirty, or who has more than two children, is admissible. However, you are tpe best judge of your present situation and future hopes; and as I wish to be of all the service to you that is in my scanty power, I inclose you a card to a friend of mine, the only one I have in Edinburgh to whom I could, with any hope of success, make such a request." Accepting this advice, Wilson did not go to Edin burgh, as he had proposed. He appears, instead, to have obtained some employment for his quill at home, for in The Mitchell Library at Glasgow are preserved two quarto volumes entitled Lectures on Moral Philosophy, delivered at the College of Glasgow by Mr. Archibald Arthur, and written by John Wilson, Schoolmaster of Tarbolton, in the year of our Lord 1790. It is, too, not unlikely that he did some clerical work for Burns himself. Wilson's departure from Tarbolton was, however, only delayed. With the passing of the years his position there appears to have become more uncomfortable, and in September 1792 a newspaper advertisement6 of " A Schoolmaster Wanted at Martinmas first for the Parish of Tarbolton, Airshire " announced that the trouble had come to a head. A further intimation7 in March 1793, that "the Heritors of the parish of Tarbolton being now authorized, by a decision of the Court of Session, to elect 36 "DOCTOR llORNBOOK " a Sriwolmaster in the room of John Wilson, formerly Schoolmaster of that place, they hereby intimate that they will proceed to such election in the house of James Manson in Tarbolton, upon Monday the 15th day of April 1793," indicates that the supreme civil court of the land had been asked to decide the issue. Various reasons have been advanced to account for Wilson's leaving Tarbolton. Robert Chambers says8 that he " left the place in consequence of a dispute . about salary with the heritors." David Lowe, on the other hand, tells9 that, following a dispute with the school master, the parish minister-" auld Wodrow " of Burns's " Twa herds " who had " lang wrought mis chief "-" made it hot for Wilson and poured his grievance into the ears of his parishioners. The quarrel divided local opinion. . . . The rancour between them became chronic, and it was because of this unsatisfactory position that Wilson left his appointments at the open ing of 1793." There may be-probably is-an element of truth in both statements, but the record of the action in Court of Session which is referred to in the newspaper advertisement of March 1793 shows that there were other reasons. The beginning of the end of Wilson's connection with Tarbolton was on 15th December 1791, when a meeting of heritors, parishioners and kirk-session, called to con sider " a petition and complaint signed by above a hundred of the heads of families and other inhabitants of this parish against Mr. Wilson as Schoolmaster," resolved to dispense with his services at the term of Martinmas 1792. At that meeting several charges were brought against Wilson: " he is neglectful of his school, follows other professions, appoints at times some of his scholars to teach in his room who are totally unfit for that office, and in general that he is a very unfit and improper teacher." Following upon that resolution, intimation was duly made in church that the heritors would meet on 3rd November 1792 to elect a new schoolmaster, as advertised in the press. Three days before that date, however, Wilson raised in the Court of Session a bill of suspension, complaining of the proceedings and of the sentence pro nounced against him, and craving interdict against the "DOCTOR HORNBOOK" 37 heritors and kirk-session prohibiting them from electing a schoolmaster in his place. His case was inter alia that the proceedings at the meeting on 15th December 1791 were "most unjust, illegal, and injurious " to him, and that " the complaint was only a fabrication of a junto and an inconsiderable part of the parishioners, whose object was merely to defeat a sentence that had been passed by the heritors augmenting the school wages." On these alleged grounds interdict was granted "till the same should be advised." On 19th February 1793 the heritors petitioned for recall of the interdict, and on 9th March following the Lord Ordinary (Craig) " repelled the reasons of suspension, recalled the inter dict, and authorised the heritors to proceed to the election of a schoolmaster in place of the suspender with all con venient speed."10 And so John Wilson was compelled to shake the dust of " the clachan " from his shoes and to seek pastures new, which he found in his native city. He had had more than his share of trouble and notoriety, but his sub sequent history appears to have been comparatively uneventful. In Glasgow he continued that " school craft " which Lockhart alleges he abandoned. He taught in the High Street, having succeeded there to a school kept by William Meikleham before the latter obtained a professorship in the College of Glasgow. Afterwards, like Dr. Johnson, he "keeped a schule and ca'd it an acaadamy " in Buchan Street (burgh of Gorbals) on the south side of the city. While super intending his " commercial academy "-which he dis continued about 1827-he was appointed session-clerk of the parish of Gorbals. This increasingly-lucrative office he held for thirty years, from 1809 till his death, which took place at his home, 64 South Portland Street, on 13th January 1839, when he was in his 88th year. He is buried in the Old Gorbals Cemetery, Rutherglen Road, Glasgow. Over his grave is a stone bearing his name, but the inscription cut upon it does not identify " John Wilson " with the former schoolmaster of Tarbolton or the " Doctor Hornbook " of Burns's lively and vigorous satire. John Wilson was married three times. On 16th June 1774 he and Margaret Hunter were married at Riccarton 38 ''DOCTOR HORNBOOK" (Ayrshire). Their family numbered eleven, and Mrs. Wilson died of a consumption on 9th May 1794. Seven months later (on 15th December 1794) Wilson and Margaret Ritchie were married at Whitelees (Symington, Ayrshire). They had five children, the second Mrs. Wilson dying on 5th May 1833, " in the course of four days' illness "-wrote her husband in his Bible of this wife, "with whom I lived for the space of nearly thirty nine years with much comfort." Nine months later (on 20th January 1834) Wilson and Janet Gibson were married at Paisley, " with a resolution "-again to quote from the Bible-" of living in comfort here and in pre paring to die in the well-grounded hope of enjoying a blessed eternity hereafter." The third Mrs. Wilson survived her husband by nearly five years. Only two of Wilson's numerous children left issue. 11 Two good pen-pictures of John Wilson by people who knew him have come down to us. R.H. Cromek-already mentioned as having met Wilson at Glasgow in 1808- described him12 as being " above the middle size, stout made, and inclining to corpulency. His complexion is swarthy, his eye black and expressive ; he wears a brown wig and dresses in black." Alexander Whitelaw, littera teur in Glasgow, who-as has already been mentioned had been a pupil at Wilson's academy in the Gorbals, has left on record13 that "the far-famed Dr. Hornbook was, as we remember him, a decent, dumpy elderly gentle man, dressed in black, with just enough of corpulency to give him ' a presence,' and a pair of stout little legs, mclined to the crooked, the attractions of which were fully developed through the medium of black tights and black silk stockings. He wore a brown wig, took snuff largely, and had a look of great complacency." To supplement these, there is also the portrait of the quondam " Jock Hornbook i' the clachan " which accom panies these notes. It is the only representation of Wilson that is known to us: a silhouette, size 3! x 2 inches, painted in black ink upon white paper, the artist unknown. With it is a note to the effect that " This Profile was Bought at Mr. Willsons Sale, Portland St., Glasgow; it is an Excellent one; he was the Veritable Dr. Hornbook of Burns the poet. April 30, 1844. (signed) Peter Smith." J. C. E. "DOCTOR HORNBOOK" 39 NOTES 11. Matriculation albums of the University of Glasgow, [ed.] by W. I. Addison (19113). 2. Works of Burns (1800) : III, appendix pp. 6-7. 3. Pp. 73-74. 4. Burns's '[J(J,BBionate pilgrimage (1904), p. 29. 5. Works of Bwrns, [ed. by Alex. Whitelaw] (Glasgow, 1843-44, 2 vols.): I, 14. 6. Glasgow Mercwry, 4th-illth September 1792. 7. Glasgow Courier, 23rd March 1793. 8. Poetical works of Bwrns, [ed. by R. Chambers] (Edin., 1838) : p. 23. 9. Burns's '[J(J,SSionate pilgrimage, pp. 30-31. 110. Process preserved in H.M. General Register House, Edinburgh. 1111. Information from a descendant of John Wilson. 12. Works of Burns, ed. by Allan Cunningham (1834, 8 vols.): II, 77. 13. See note No. 5. ROBERT BURNS .AND THE FIRST STEAMBOAT WAS HE PRESENT AT ITS TRIAL! For the past century it has commonly been believed and repeatedly been stated that Robert Burns was on board the first steamboat-an elegant, double-hulled craft built by the friend and nei~hbour of his Ellisland days, Patrick Miller of Dalswmton-when, on 14th October 1788, it had its trial run on Dalswinton Loch and thereby- almost unwittingly opened up a new chapter in mechanical progress. To link up great men and outstanding events is always tempting, and this story has persisted, spread, and been published in memoirs, biographies and belles lettres with the inevitable variations and embellish ments. It is an attractive tale. It has the neatness which mankind perpetually craves from history and so rarely finds there. Patrick Miller's nameless boat symbolised and heralded not only the " Charlotte Dundas " and Bell's " Comet," but also every proud steamship and sleek Atlantic greyhound of to-day. As for Robert Burns, if he had his poetical roots in the immemorial past of his country, he also looked ahead with superb vision and had matchless dreams of universal brother hood. His presence on that small craft churning up the secluded waters of the loch would make of that moment of history something precise and tidy as a tableau, as deftly turned as an epigram. Agreed. But we have to deal with realities. What are the facts and how do they fit the picture? On that topic controversy has long persisted, and ever since " the sixties " of last century doubts have been cast and opinions divided on the available evidence. Burns nowhere in his writings or correspondence mentions the steamboat trial, and there is no contemporary evidence of his presence on the boat or even by the loch-side. Much patient research has gone to the attempt to build up the facts of the whole episode and to clear away the :fiction, but, as so often happens, the attempt to reach BURNS AND THE FIRST STEAMBOAT 41 the truth has continually revealed fresh and unsuspected errors and confusion. The recorded facts .start with the Scots !JI agazine of 1 November 1788 , in which the trial run of Patrick Miller's vessel is recounted as having taken place on the 14th of the previous month and as having " afforded great pleasure to the spectators." There is, however, no contemporary or near-contemporary record of who these were, either on board the ship or on the banks of the loch. No mention of those present is made in the letters sent to Patrick Miller at the time by William Symington and James Taylor-both of whom were associ ated with him in the building of the vessel and the making of its engine-and subsequently published. 2 The identity of the spectators is similarly left veiled in part of the other side of the correspondence-letters from Miller to Taylor-printed in 1834. 3 Miller himself, two or three of his servants, and Symington and Taylor would almost certainly be present, but who else? Two lists exist of people said to have been on board, but unfortunately both originate well within the nine teenth century and contain no names in common except those of Miller and Symington. The earlier appears' in an Historical account of th.e steam engine onuJ, its application in propelling vessels, compiled by James Cleland, Superintendent of Public Works for Glasgow, and published there in 1825. " The experiment" of 1788, Cleland says, "was made in presence of Mr. Miller's lady-the Rev. Archibald Lawson, Kirkmahoe, and his lady-Captain Grose, author of the Antiquities of England-Mr. Robert Riddell of Glenriddel-Mr. Archibald Lawson ...-and two operatives." Cleland doubtless obtained his information from this Archibald Lawson (born 1766), youngest son of the minister of Kirkmahoe, and, as a prominent merchant in Glasgow, a man with whom Cleland would in his official capacity come in contact. It will be observed that Cleland does not include the name of Robert Burns on his list. It is unfortunately impossible to verify the other names, but there are reasons for doubting their accuracy. With the second of the lists the story of Burns's presence on board Miller's boat sprang into print, though it appears to have been in circulation before that. The 42 BURNS AND THE FIRST STEAMBOAT authority is that of William C. Aitken, of Birmingham, a leading expert on scientific and industrial subjects. In some notes contributed to a . supplementary volume of the Official catalogue of the Great Exhibition of 18515 he writes:- " It is peculiar to remark that on this trial three indi viduals who subsequently became distinguished in the literary and scientific history of their age, in addition to the pro prietor, Mr. Mill!'lr, were on board to hail the new era in the art of navigation. These were Henry, now Lord, Brougham; Robert Burns the Poet; and Alexander N asmyth the artist, the last of which, it may be stated, served to perpetuate the event by his introduction of the boat into his painting of the landscape." .Aitken, whose list is usually regarded as the origin of the generally accepted belief that Burns was a passenger on Miller's boat, was a man of considerable repute. The Offici.al catalogue was, moreover, important enough for what appeare4 in it to carry considerable weight. From the fact that in his notes .Aitken prints " a portion of the correspondence between Miller and his fellow-labourers in the work of steam navigation which, up to the present moment, have not been pub lished," it is clear that he was in personal touch with some of the Miller family, who had given him access to Patrick Miller's papers. It would seem, therefore, that his statement regarding those on board the boat came from a family source, and as such it was for a time accepted without question. Cleland's list, on the other hand, did not become known much more than locally. The sceptic did, however, appear in due course, demanding chapter and verse for Aitken's statement. Burns and N asmyth were dead; but Lord Brougham was alive, and Aitken appealed to him for confirmation of the statement-an action which suggests that he did n,ot regard his original source of information as infallible. This was the reply he received : - " Cannes, France, May 6, 11865 " Lord Brougham presents his compliments to Mr. Aitken, and assures him that the account of his being with Burns at Dalswinton is a mere fable. He was only nine or ten years old in 1788, and he never was at Dalswinton till ten or eleven years after that time, and after the death of Burns." BURNS AND THE FIRST STEAMBOAT 43 Aitken's list thus comes seriously in question. So far as Burns and Nasmyth were concerned, however, his story remained in currency and ran through many books, among them Dr. Samuel Smiles's Lives of Boulton and Watt (1865) and the Rev. P. Hately Waddell's edition of Burns's writings (1867). 6 A few years later the question of Burne's presence on board the boat was raised. In 1873 Seth Wait wrote a letter to Notes and queries in which he re-stated the claims of Taylor as sole inventor of the steamboat. This brought from Sir James A. Picton a prompt defence of Symington's claim, and the objection that Wait had " omitted to note the presence of the poet Burns at the trial trip." Dr. Craufurd Tait Ramage (in 1876) took up the challenge and asked Picton for proof of his state ment about Burns, quoting Brougham's letter. Picton's only reply was that " we cannot suppose the incident has been invented. Mr. Smiles is usually so accurate in the information he furnishes that there can be no doubt he has had sufficient ground for the statement." The dispute between Ramage and Picton was finally closed by a letter from Bennet W oodcroft, then head of the Patent Office at London, who was later to play a highly important part in the controversy. " If," he wrote, " Dr. Ramage will place himself in communication with James N asmyth . . . he will be enabled to gain some authentic information respecting Miller's steamboat on Dalswinton Lake and the persons present at the trial." There is no evidence that Ramage carried out this suggestion, but the information in question-or what purported to be such information-has been provided independently by James N asmyth, the engineer and inventor son of the painter, in his Autobiography, pub lished in 1883. With this work, one of the most exasper ating and inaccurate with which Burns students have to struggle, the tangled evidence concerning Burns's presence on Patrick Miller's boat reaches its climax. One would have expected N asmyth to provide a reliable record of that autumn day of 1788, but unfor tunately he fails to do so. " The persons on board," James Nasmyth wrote7 of the trial, "consisted of Patrick Miller, William Symington, Sir William Monteith, Robert Burns (the poet, then a tenant of Mr. 44 BURNS AND THE FIRST STEAMBOAT Miller's), William [James] Taylor and Alexander N asmyth. There were also three of Mr. Miller's servants, who acted as assistants. On the edge of the lake was a young gentleman, then on a visit to Dal swinton. He was no less a person than Henry Brougham, afterwards Lord Chancellor of England." Brougham on his own authority was not present, yet the err(\l"J with a variation, is repeated eighteen years after he had repudiated it and is allowed to run through subsequent editions of the Autobiography. " Sir William Monteith" is one of the autobiography's numerous inaccuracies. The person referred to was doubtless Mr. (afterwards Sir) Charles G. Stuart Monteith of Closeburn, who wrote8 in 1834 that " I am old enough to have seen the first boat driven by ateam in this or any other country, ... the small boat, launched upon a lake in the vicinity of the house at Dalswinton, which I saw, to the best of my recollection, in the year 1788." Had he been on board he would surely have said so. Alexander N asmyth himself had written in a letter• (1834) that " Mr. Taylor and myself were present " at the trials of some vessels on the Firth of Forth about the year 1787, but all he has to say of the experiment of 14th October 1788 is that it" succeeded to Mr. Miller's wish, and he often had the pleasure of sailing with parties of his friends, by the power of this small steam engine." N asmyth does not even_say that he was at Da1swinton at the time, and he was not the type of man to conceal such a fact in an excess of self-efface ment. His own omission makes it unlikely that he was present. Equally inconclusive is the evidence of the well-known drawing of the loch and steamer supposed to have been made b,;r Alexander N asmyth either at or soon after the trial trip. The figures shown in the drawing are of so small a size that it is useless to speculate on their identity.' And there, to this day, the evidence for Burne's presence as a passenger on Miller's boat rests. Not one of the promising lines of inquiry leads to any positive conclusion. No clear evidence has been produced to show that Burns was on board the boat; and there is much to suggest, by implication or omission, that he was not. BURNS AND THE FIRST STEAMBOAT 45 There still remains, however, the possibility that Burns was a spectator at the trial. It is a known fact that in the autumn of 1788 he was near Dalswinton. He had gone to Ellisland in June of that year, but the farmhouse which was being built there for him was not ready, and accordingly " I am," he wrote, " eight or ten days at Mauchline and this place [Ellisland] alternately." For many years it was not known whether he was in Ayrshire or Dumfriesshire at the time of the trial : the chronology of his life, as established by extant letters, wa!! blank between lst and 23rd October 1788. Then twenty years ago this point was cleared up by one of those almost providential happenings which occasion ally fall across the path of the perplexed investigator of things past. In April of 1921 there came to light an unpublished letter from Burns to his wife at Mauchline, dated Tuesday, 14th October 1788-the day of the trial -and headed " Ellisland."10 Burns was therefore in the neighbourhood of Dalswinton on the day in question. It was further found subsequently that he presided at a meeting of St. James's Lodge at Tarbolton on the 21st of the same month, which is in accordance with his own statement of his comings and goings. This discovery of 1921 gave point to a line of inquiry which had been put on record11 two years previously by Mr. J. Macfarlan of the Patent Office. In the course of an investigation into Burne's presence at the steam boat trial .Yr. Macfarlan had drawn attention to the existence in the Patent Office Library of a valuable document called " Memoranda collected on my visit to Dalswinton in August 1854 from old people respecting first Steamboat." This was part of the W oodcroft Collection, formed by Bennet Woodcroft, then Superin tendent of Patent Specifications and one of the foremost authorities on the origin and progress of steam naviga tion. It was he who, at considerable trouble and expense, rescued Symington's first engine, used at Dal swinton, from the metal knackers at Edinburgh and presented it to the Science Museum at South Kensington, where it may still be seen beside the engine of the " Comet." He wrote a book on the Origin and progress of steam navigation, and also intended to write a life of Patrick Miller. With this end in view he visited 46 BURNS AND THE FIRST .STEAMBOAT Dalswinton, where he interviewed a number of old people who as lads had seen the famous trial of 1788, and made notes, which are still extant, of their statements. Of these only one refers to Burns : - " Hugh Paisley, 76. An old soldier, formerly a shepherd. Recollects about the boat, and a great number of people were there to see it. Burns was there with Sandy Crombie. Banks of lake were literally covered-and deck also. Talked about ' tin boats.' " (This last is a reference to the tinned iron sheathing of the boat, which the people probably thought quite as remarkable as the engine.) " There " in this context clearly means on the loch-side, not on board the vessel, and the statement has an authentic ring, although it cannot be verified by other evidence. Both Hugh Paisley and Sandy Crombie can be identi fied. The former was a member of a family recorded in the annals of Kirkmahoe. He was a soldier, tried in many wars, who fought under Moore and at Waterloo. He seems to have returned from the wars in 1817 and to have become something of a local character. He died at Dalswinton village in 1865 in his ninetieth year. Crombie, who is buried in St. Michael's Churchyard, Dumfries, came of a well-known local family of architects and builders. He built the mansion house of Dalswinton, and in 1788 was engaged in building Burns's farm-house at Ellisland. Burns history knows him also as the faithless acceptor of the poet's bill for £20. It seems quite likely that Burns should steal an hour or two from his harvesting and Crombie from his building, and that the two should go together to see an event which must have been the talk of that quiet countryside. Burns may therefore well have been one of the " great number of people" who, according to Hugh Paisley, " literally covered " the banks of the loch. Or again, he may not. That single statement of nearly seventy years afterwards is not enough for historical certainty to be established. " The probability is great that Burns would be attracted by such a novel sight so close to his new home of Ellisland," wrote Dr. Ramage in 1876. Forty-three years later, in his address to the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History & Antiquarian Society, Mr. BURNS AND THE FIRST STEAMBOAT 47 :Macfarlan had still to admit the conclusion that " in vestigation has unfortunately not resulted in definite conclusions. It has revealed a surprising amount of carelessness, of too trustful repetition, of failure to verify statements. The facts must have been available by many down to the middle of last century, but although concerned with so important a man as Burns and so important an event as the launching of the first steam boat, no satisfactory statement can now be made." That is still the position. The intellectual tit-bit which certain knowledge of Burne's presence would be dangles tantalisingly in the limbo of the unrecorded past, and it seems unlikely that it will ever fall into our own or posterity's grasp. ELIZABETH EWING NOTES 1. Page 566. 2. Great Exhibition, 1851: official descriptive and illus trated catalogue, supplementary volume, pp. 1472-11476. This supplementary volume was published late in 1852 or early in 1853. 3. Narrative of the suggestions and experiments of the late James Taylor in company with the late Mr. Miller for the application of steam to navigation. (Edinburgh, 11834) 4. Page 48. The list is reprinted in Edward Morris's Life of Henry Bell. (1844) 5. See note no. 2. 6. Section "Prose works," page 200; Appendix, page xcix. 7. Autobiography, page 30. 8. Printed in the Narrative: see note no. 3. 9. The drawing is reproduced in the Autobiography, page 30. See also Woodcroft's Origin and progress of steam navi gation (London, 1848), illustration facing page 36. 110. Printed in Burns chronicle, 19~7, page 5. U. I>umfriesshire and Galloway Natural History th Anti quarian Society, transactions 1919-~0 (ser. III, v. 7, pp. 45-54). See also article on pp. 54-61 of the same volume. " THE IMMORT'AL MEMORY " ADDRESS to the Burns Club of Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A. 25th January 1940 by the HON. T. W. REED "Our monarch's hindmost year but ane Was five-and-twenty days begun, 'Twas then a blast o' Janwar win' Blew hansel in on Robin." Thus wrote Scotland's bard concerning the day on which he made his first appearance in " the auld clay biggin " two miles south of Ayr, in the neighbourhood of Alloway Kirk. One hundred and eighty-one years have come and gone, and throughout the entire world to-night, in hundreds of clubs similar to ours, men and women are honouring the memory of the man who at that time began a life that in the brief span of thirty-seven years linked his name to immortality. I appreciate deeply the honour conferred upon me in being asked to respond to the toast, " The Immortal Memory of Robert Burns " ; and so this evening around this festal board I greet the royal presence of your friend and mine, the immortal spirit of Scotland's sifted bard, as full of love for all mankind to-day as m the days long gone, when he proclaimed the brotherhood of man along the banks o' Doon and cast the witchery of his matchless soul across the hills and valleys of Scotia, his dear, his native land. " The Immortal Memory of Robert Burns." In what respect immortal? Not in the flesh, that long since has blended with the dust. Not in the passions that surged through his troubled life, for they have long since been stilled. Not in the frailties that at times humbled his lofty spirit, bringing sorrow and tragedy into other lives but most of all into his own, for they are forgotten "THE IMMORTAL MEMORY" 49 now. His immortality is that of the spirit, the messages of good fellowship, sound advice, lofty inspiration, that defy the ravages of time and across the passing years in many ways enter into the development of better and nobler lives throughout the whole wide world. Transposing the words of Marc Antony above the body of the dead Cresar, I would say " The good that men do lives after them, The evil is oft interred with their bones." L am not of those who believe that evil outlives good. It has its pernicious influence and its grievous results, but ultimate triumph is with the good. I offer no apology for my admiration of Burns; I seek in no way to excuse his sinful acts; I would not hold up his life as a model for the youth of this or any other day. Whatever there may be of dross in the works he left behind let us burn in the crucible of truth, and preserve for our admiration only the pure gold of heart and spirit. We cannot condone the act of a king who sent a soldier into the forefront of battle in order that he might possess his wife; but this world would be poor indeed were it to forget the songs of David, the sweet singer of Israel. We cannot condone the act of the disciple who with profanity denied his Lord when he stood almost in the shadow of the cross; but we will not forget his ringing message at Pentecost or his martyr's death in Rome. The only line ever written by the Master was traced in the sand when his disciples reviled a fallen woman and cried out that she should be stoned. It must have been a powerful rebuke, for when he lifted u:e his eyes and commanded the man among- them without sm to cast the first stone, they had all disappeared. That Robert Burns indulged immoderately in alcoholic stimulants cannot be denied, but that he was a confirmed drunkard is not true. There is no record of intemperance during his boyhood days. In his youthful days he had no money with which to lead a drunken life. In later years he drank freely and at times deeply, but not to the extent that would justify the charge that his last years at Dumfries were years of habitual drunkenness that carried him to his grave. Alexander Findlater, who, as supervisor of the D 50 "THE IMMORTAL MEMORY" Dumfries excise district, was his immediate superior, testified to Burns's habitual sobriety. James Gray, an ordained minister and Rector of Dumfries Academy, who knew the poet intimately, after recounting the numerous poems written during those y-ears, said of him: " It came under my own view professionally that he superintended the education of his children with a degree of care that I have never seen surpassed by any parent in any rank of life whatever. . .. I have frequently found him explaining to [his eldest son], then not more than nine years of age, the English poets from Shakespeare to Gray, or storing his mind with examples of heroic virtue as they live in the pages of our most celebrated English historians. I would ask any person of common candour if employments like these are consistent with habitual drunkenness.'' I have no desire to present Burns as a man of sobriety. He was not. But it is due his memory to state my con viction that there never was foundation for the opinion " that he was a confirmed alcoholic, especially during the Dumfries years, and that in effect he drank himself into an early grave." Burns was an honest, candid soul. He wrote a number of bacchanalian songs that did not reflect at all his deeper feelings. But he never hesitated to admit his sins, and in his sober, better moments there is no doubt of his repentance. Here is what he said of himself: " Occasional hard drinking is the devil to me. Against this I have again and again bent my resolution, and have g-reatly succeeded. Taverns I have totally abandoned: it is the private parties in the family way, among hard drinking gentlemen of this country, that does me the mischief-but even this I have more than half given over." Professor Franklyn Bliss Snyder, of Northwestern University, Evanston, a recent biographer of the great poet, says: " One should remember the amount of literary work Burns accomplished at Dumfries, the excel lent record he made in the excise, and the success with which he cared for his family on an income that never apparently exceeded ninety pounds per year. It is impossible to reconcile the alcoholic debauchee theory with these admitted facts." Professor Snyder presents in his excellent biography "THE IMMORTAL MEMORY" 51 incontrovertible evidence that the death of Burns was not caused by drunken debauchery. Says Sir James Crichton-Browne, after the deepest research and the most careful examination of all published facts : " Burns died of rheumatic endocarditis.... At Mount Oliphant, from his thirteenth to his fifteenth year, the heart trouble was well declared." Said Dr. Harry B. Anderson, of Toronto: " The case was an ordinary one of rheumatism with heart complications." The disease was aggravated by the excessive labours at Mount Oliphant and Lochlie, followed by the double work as farmer and gauger imposed upon him at Ellisland. The excessive use of liquor may have somewhat hastened the end, but he was destined to an early death even though he had been strictly temperate. I offer no excuse for his many love affairs. 'fhe passion that surged through his breast was never under control. Maria Riddell expressed it better than anyone else when she said he had an " irresistible power of attraction." Woe to the woman who fell beneath the glance of those eyes that Walter Scott said " literally glowed I" With no excuse for his conduct, especially after his marriage to Jean Armour, this much can be said to his credit, that he acknowledged his illegitimate children, loved them, provided for them and endeavoured to give them a fair chance in life. " Then gently scan your brother man, Still gentler, sister woman ; Tho' they may gang a kennin wrang, To step aside is human : One point must still be greatly dark, The moving why they do it; And just as lamely can ye mark How far perhaps they rue it. '' Who made the heart, 'tis He alone Decidedly can try us : He knows each chord, its various tone, Each spring, its various bias: Then at the balance let's be mute, We never can adjust it; What's done we partly may compute, But know not what's resisted." So much for the frailties of Burns. Now let us gather 52 "THE IMMORTAL MEMORY" from the communion of this hour some of the lessons from the heart and soul of Burns that are immortal. Let us gather from the garden of his spirit the flowers whose beauty never fades, the perfume whose sweetness never disappears, the strength that ever remains a bulwark against the days of stress and storm. Hear him as in the spirit of the commandment of promise he speaks through " The Cotter's Saturday Night " of his father, who to him was always the greatest and the best of men. Let us carry with us in our inmost souls one line from that great poem : " They never sought in vain that sought the Lord aright." He was the inveterate foe of all hypocrisy, sham and camouflage- " 0 wad some Power the giftie gie us To see oursels as ithers see us I It wad frae monie a blunder free us An' foolish notion." Note the clarion call to service throughout his greatest poems, the warning that he gives against the danger of selfishness- " If Self the wavering balance shake, It's rarely right adjusted." He was a democrat of democrats. He believed in the rights of man. Class distinctions did not appeal to him: He recognized true worth whether it was found in the hovel or the palace- " For a' that, an' a' that, Our toils obscure, an' a' that, The rank is but the guinea's stamp, The man's the gowd for a' that." He believed in the brotherhood of man, and illus trated it in his own life and the poems that came from his great heal't- " Then let us pray that come it may (As come it will for a' that) That Sense and Worlh o'er a' the earth Shall bear the gree an' a' that I For a' that, an' a' that, It's comin yet for a' that, That man to man the warld o'er Shall brithers be for a' that." "THE IMMORTAL ME.MORY" 53 He was a man of sterling honesty. He had due regard for money fairly earned. He struggled with poverty all his life, but no dishonest coin ever went into his pockets. " To catch Dame Fortune's golden smile, Assiduous wait upon her; And gather gear by ev' ry wile That's justify'd by honour: Not for to hide it in a hedge, Nor for a train-attendant; But for the glorious privilege Of being independent. " The fear o' Hell's a hangman's whip To haud the wretch in order; But where ye feel your honour grip, Let that ay be your border : It's slightest touches, instant pause- Debar a' side-pretences; And resolutely keep its laws, U nearing 'consequences.'' This is a day that calls for the highest type of patriotism, that summons the faithful to the defence of the great privileges enjoyed by those who live beneath the Stars and Stripes of our beloved republic. The soul of Burns belonged to Scotland. He loved her hills, her streams, her valleys, her history, her people, with deep devotion. So may we love our land of the free, our home of the brave ! " 0 Scotia! my dear, my native soil I For whom my warmest wish to Heaven is sent I Long may thy hardy sons of rustic toil Be blest with health, and peace, and sweet content I And 0 I may Heaven their simple lives prevent From Luxury's contagion, weak and vile I Then, howe'er crowns and coronets be rent, A virtuous populace may rise the while, And stand a wall of fire around their much-loved Isle." He was full of gratitude. With all his power of satire and ridicule he never smote the hand that in former days had lifted him up. James, Earl of Glencairn, was his loyal friend and patron. He gave to one of his sons the name of James Glencairn, and penned those lines that 54 "THE IMMORTAL MEMORY" have been quoted in every land and clime and that are a part of his immortality- '' The bridegroom may forget the bride Was made his wedded wife yestreen; The monarch may forget the crown That on his head an hour has been; The mother may forget the child That smiles sae sweetly on her knee; But I'll remember thee, Glencairn, And a' that thou has done for me I " Many; of us talk and talk, and do not always practice what we preach. Burns was in many ways a man of that kind. In certain lines of conduct he knew nothing of self-control, but we may well quote what he said in " A Bard's Epitaph"- " Reader, attend I whether thy soul Soars Fancy's flights beyond the pole, Or darkling grubs this earthly hole In low pursuit; Know, prudent, cautious self-control Is wisdom's root." There are among the poems of Burns quite a number that carry no good lesson with them ; there are words and expressions that are coarse and vulgar. We can bury them along with his other frailties. And having buried them, we can turn to the songs that contributed to his immortality, remembering that prior to his day the songs of Scotland were for the most part clothed in indecent language and that under the touch of his matchless mind they were clothed in vestments of purity and beauty and transformed into an undying part of the literature of the world. Indicative of this great work of :purifying the songs of Scotland, witness the transformation of a song that was unprintable, but that Burns made sublime. "John Anderson my jo, John, When we were first acquent, Your locks were like the raven, Your bonie brow was brent ; But now your brow is held, John, Your locks are like the snaw, But blessings on your frosty pow, John Anderson my j o ! "THE IMMORTAL MEMORY" 55 "John Anderson my jo, John, We clamb the hill thegither, And monie a cantie day, John, We've had wi' ane anither; Now we maun totter down, John, And hand in hand we'll go, And sleep thegither at the foot, John Anderson my j o 1 " Time will not permit a full discussion of his many contributions to the literature of the world, but in pass ing I will say that in the years that lie ahead the world will never forget " Auld Lang Syne," " Tam o' Shanter," " The Twa Herds," " Holy Willie's Prayer," " The Unco Guid," " Scots Wha Hae," " Flow Gently Sweet Afton," " Highland Mary," " To Mary in Heaven," and many others, nor those four lines that Sir Walter Scott said contained " the essence of a thousand love tales " - " Had we nev!'lr lov' d sae kindly, Had we never lov' d sae blindly, Never met--or never parted- We had ne'er been broken-hearted." I cannot close this tribute to Robert Burns without reference to "Bonie Jean." She was one of Scotland's lassies who fell beneath the irresistible charm of " rantin, rovin Robin." But from the day when love first smote her breast she was true to him in every way. She under stood him as no other human being understood him; she made him a true and faithful wife, even when he was faithless to his vows; she reared his children carefully and correctly, and even extended her loving care to his illegitimate daughter. She defended his name on all occasions, and for thirty-eight years after his death lived a womanly lift!, respected by all who knew her. And after all, he loved her best. He had his periods of infatuation, but he always came back to her. The others held his fancy for just a little while, and then his love returned to his " Bonie Jean." He fancied that he loved Mary Campbell, and wrote poems in her memory. He fancied that he loved " Clarinda," and when she passed out of his life he wrote " Ae Fond Kiss." But here is the poem into which he wrote his real affections- 56 "TH.E IMMORTAL MEMORY" " Of a' the airts the wind can blaw I dearly like the west, For there the bonie lassie lives, The lassie I lo'e best. There wild woods grow, and rivers row, And monie a hill between, But day and night my fancy's flight Is ever wi' my Jean. " I. sera her in the dewy flowers- I see her sweet and fair. I hear her in the tunefu' birds- I hear her charm the air. There's not a bonie flower that 'Springs By fountain, shaw or green, There's not a bonie bird that sings But minds me o' my Jean." Less than a year before the death of the great Scottish bard another child of destiny was born at Ecclefechan, " within a day's walk of Ayr and the ' auld clay biggin ' in which Burns first saw the light of day." Thirty-two years after the death of Burns he wrote the essay on the life and works of his brother Scot that has taken its place as one of the best products of his gifted pen. Knowing that no truer and no better comment can be made in praise or criticism of Burns, I beg your patience while I read a few brief extracts from Thomas Carlyle's essay on Burns. " One of the most considerable British men of the eighteenth century." " He found himself in deepest obscurity, without hralp, without instruction, without model. A dwarf behind his steam engine may remove mountains; but no dwarf will hew them down with a pick-axe; and he must be a Titan that hurls them abroad with his arms." " To the ill-starred Burns was given the power of making man's life more venerable, but that of wisely guiding his own life was not given." " So kind and warm a soul, so full of inborn riches, of love to all living things! How his heart flows out in sympathy over universal nature and in her bleakest provinces discerns a beauty and a meaning." " A poor mutilated fraction of what was in him, brief, broken glimpses of a genius that could never show itself "THE IMMORTAL MEMORY" 57 complete; that wanted all things for comple~ness--culture, leisure, true effort, nay even length of life." '' The excellence of Burns is his sincerity, his indisputable air of truth. He speaks not from any outward call of vanity or interest, but because his heart is too full to be silent." " He shows himself a poet of Nature's making and Nature after all is still the good agent in making poets." " A Scottish peasant's life was the meanest and rudest of all lives until Burns became a poet in it and a poet of it. A thousand battlefields remain unsung, but The Wounded Hare has not perished without its memorial." " He has a resonance in his bosom for every note of human feeling, the high, the low, the sad, the ludicrous, the joyful." " No poet of any age or nation is more graphic than Burns, the characteristic features disclose themselves to him at a glance; three lines from his hand and we have a like ness." " The humour of Burns; in his sunny moods a full, buoyant flood of mirth rolls through his mind ; he rises to the high, and stoops to the low and is brother a,nd playmate to all nature." " By far the most finished, complete, and truly inspired pieces of Burns are, without dispute, to be found among his songs. It is here that his light shines with least obstruction in its highest beauty and pure sunny clearness. It is on his songs that his chief influence as an author will ultimately depend." It was the judgment of Carlyle that the errors of Burns were to be mourned-over rather than blamed; that the great want of his life was the great want of his age, a true faith in religion and a singleness and unselfishness of aim; that the world is habitually unjust in its judg ment of such men, but that with men of right feeling everywhere there will be no need to plead for Burns ; that in pitying admiration he lies enshrined in all our hearts. In all his works we find no evidence of belief in Christ. He was a Deist. He believed in God and in immortality, however much he violated the command ments of his Maker. Carlyle thought that his heart was alive with a trembling adoration, but that there was no temple in his understanding, that his religion, at best, was an anxious wish, like that of Rabelais, " a great 68 "THE IMMORTAL MEMORY" Perhaps." And yet, with full recognition of his faults, he could leave us these lines in his " Epistle to a Young Friend''- " When ranting round in Pleasure's ring, Religion may be blinded; Or if she gie a random sting, It may be little minded; But when on Life we're tempest-driv'n A conscience but a canker- A correspondence fix'd wi' Heav'n Is sure a noble anchor l " In lighter vein we find him saying " An' now, Auld Cloots, I ken ye're thinkin A certain Bardie's rantin, drinkin, Some luckless hour will send him linkin To your black pit; But faith I he'll turn a corner jinkin, An' cheat you yet." So may we hope and believe that through God's grace he reached the shining shore, and that out of the spirit world, where " beyond these voices there is peace," in this hour of joyous brotherhood he pours into our listen ing ears the melody of the skies. The true measure of a man's achievements is the hold he takes upon the hearts of men, the words and deeds that leave deep impress upon the world. The meteor flashes across the sky and vanishes in darkness. The fixed stars shine on through endless ages. In the city of Chicago recently a body of busy men, like unto yourselves, laying aside the cares of the strenuous life, assembled to pass an hour of comradeship and intellectual enjoyment in a club devoted to the memory of William Shakespeare. Descriptive of the inmost thoughts of all on that occasion are the following lines that I may, in closing, aptly apply to the legacy left to humanity by Robert Burns- " Your music filters through Chicago's roar, Eternal pledge that man is not machine; No clock is slave to time at Elsinore, The trees of Arden nod forever green ; Young love still flames as once did Romeo's, And baffied age cries out that curse of Lear's, "THE IMMORTAL MEMORY" 59 And crafty madness, robed like Hamlet, shows A heart too deeply moved for easy tears. One kiss from Rosalind may well be worth A thousand torn from painted lips, And all we own, poor crawling things of earth, Be naught beside the least of Touchstone's quips. The city whirls and wheels in frenzy, yet What you dreamed once she cannot quite forget." BURNS IN THE AUCTION-ROOM A copy of the first edition of Burns's Poems (Kilmarnock, 1786) which was included in the Red Cross Fund sale at Messrs. Christie's (London) on 24th July 1940 brought 150 guineas. The volume was described as " a poor copy, with numerous repairs, and in modern binding." BURNS: POET, PROSE WRITER, TALKER A correspondent asks " Who was it who said of Burns : ' He is great in verse, grea,ter in prose, and greatest in con versation ' 1 " The answer to that question is : the distinguished William Robertson, D.D., historian, a.!ld Principal of Edinburgh University (1721-1793). Robert Chambers wrote that " Robertson declared that he had ' scarcely ever met with any man whose conversation displayed greater vigour than that of Burns.' His poems }lad, he acknowledged, surprised him; his prose compositions appeared even more wonderful; but the conversation was a marvel beyond all. We are thus left to understa;nd that the best of Burns has not been, and was not of a nature to be, transmitted to posterity."-See Life and works of Bwrns, edited by Robert Chambers (1851-52: 4 vols.), v. II, p. 25; and Robert Heron's Memoir of the life of Burns (1797), p. 25. FOR LADY MEMBERS OF BURNS CL UBS THE DUTY OF HAPPINESS Contemplation of the events of the past twelve months reveals that the advance of mankind towards a cultured and tolerant civilisation has received a rude shock: ideals striven for through centuries have been shattered, and there is a sober realisation of the fact " Here lies that one-time modern world, that noble and courageous age which hurled its gauntlet in the very teeth of Fate." In the turmoil consequent on the death of one era and the birth of another can woman find a place? She will and must! By showing herself to be patient, of good humour, faithful in things both little and great, by being courageous and enduring, an.d in facing life with an unconquerable determination. Further, 'tis woman's native role to dispel gloom and spread abroad the spirit of brightness and good cheer, and surely the women enrolled under the banner of Burns cannot fail to answer this clarion call. There must be, in the general circumstances prevailing, a tendency for melan choly and the assumption that ordinary folk are victims of relentless fate, with the conclusion that Nirvana may be welcomed at the sacrifice of consciousness; but may there not be a very different ideal-a healthier, more womanly and nobler hope? The means to achieve a life of useful design might well be founded on cheerful out look allied to thought and action, appropriate to exist ing circumstances. The spirit of cheerfulness is not so unconventional in a time of national stress as it may at first appear, and if all lady Burnsians will foster and maintain it there is no doubt of the ultimate benefit to society. An ideal is always useful in the effort to attain a given goal, and surely no greater inspiration of cheerful ness, happiness, resolution and courage can be found than in the lives of Robert Burns and Jean Armour. From the time they met on the Green at Mauchline until the bitter parting at Dumfries, the cheerful outlook on life held by Jean had a definite influence on the poet FOR LADY MEMBERS OF CLUBS 61 and tempered many of life's trials for him. Jean was the perfect wife, losing all sense of self in the senti ments of kindness, tenderness and .devotion to Burns. In the first " Epistle to Davie " the poet epitomises the joy and comfort Jean provided for him- " This life has joys for you and I; And joys that riches ne'er could buy, And joys the very best. There's a' the pleasures o' the heart, The lover an' the frien' : Ye hae your Meg, your dearest part, And I my darling Jean! " When heart-corroding care and grief Deprive my soul of rest, Her dear idea brings relief And solace to my breast." And Jean? Bereft of all but treasured memories that tragic 2lst of July 1796, Jean Armour henceforth con ducted her own life and guided the lives of his children in a manner which is an unparalleled example of cheer fulness and courage, ever faithful to her trust. Burns proved that life is not merely a " passage of time " but a great gift, and that the duty of the individual members of society is to fraternise and con tribute to the common weal and happiness. Women Burnsians ! In striving to emulate the courage and cheerfulness of Robert Burns and Jean Armour, may it be written of each one:- " She kept her kindly ways somehow, With peace, like perfume on her brow: She kept her faith in human good, Her clean belief in womanhood. She sowed her love with lavish hand, In every corner of the Land ! " JEAN MUIR GOURLEY NOTES, QUERIES, AND ANSWERS THE BURNS COTTAGE AND MONUMENT, ALLOWAY The number of visitors to the Cottage and the Monument at Alloway during the year which ended on 30th September 1940 was 67,652: a decrease of 21,718 on the number for the preceding year. To the poet's birthplace and the Museum the number who paid for admission was 30,512, compared with 46,130 in the year 1938-39; to the Monument the number was 37,140, compared with 43,240 in the year 1938-39. The decrease in the ;number of visitors was, of course, a direct result of the war. There were few of the overseas visitors who in pre-war days annually visited Alloway in their thousands, and English visitors were much fewer owing to the curtailment of holidays. AN AMERICAN DISCOVERY The discovery of some poetical pieces alleged to have been written by Burns is announced by Boston (Mass.) Public Library in its bulletin (More books) for April 1940. The pieces include " The Dominie Depos' d "-said to be a " satire in Burns's coarser vein"; "The Plundered Lark"-" in the style of his compassionate ' mouse ' and ' daisy ' poems "; and a" delica.te "song, "Address to a Lily." The announce ment states that, along with " The Inventory," they were published in a (twopenny) tract at Glasgow in 1799, J:>ut have not been '' included in subsequent collections.'' The reason for that non-inclusion is, of course, because the pieces were not written by Burns. COLLECTORS, BEW ARE f In supplement o_f the article on " T)le cause celebre of .Antiq'LUJ Smith " printed on pages 24-30 of this issue, it may be noted here that speci~ens of the handiwork of Smith still appear from time to time in the market-both in dealers' shops and in auction-rooms. HENRY MACKENZIE TO R. H. CROMEK The original of the letter printed in 1940 issue of the Burns Chromck (pp. 7-8) is now preserved in Alloway Burns Cottage Museum. J.C. E. NOTICE OF NEW BOOKS SALTIRE SOCIETY SERIES OF SCOTTISH CLASSICS 1. The gude and godlie ba1latis, edited by Iain Ross. 2. Historie of the Reformatioun, by John Knox; edited by Ralph S. Walker. 3. Poems, by Allan Ramsay; edited by H. Harvey Wood. 4. Selected poems of James Hogg, edited by J. W. Oliver. Edinburgh : Published for the Saltire Society by Oliver and Boyd, Ltd., 11940. 4 vols. 10/- (or '11/ including postage) per set; single vols. 3/6d. each. The Saltire Society, founded in '.1936, has the object of encouraging Scottish art, literature and music. By these, its first, publications, it shows its intention of doing so in a way that is both practical and imaginative. The four volumes now issued initiate an excellent and-considering the times-a most gallant scheme for publishing a series of small books in which the best of Scots literature will be pre sented to the public of to-day. The volumes are being issued on a semi-subscription basis, a certain sale (500 copies) being guaranteed before publication and normal sales are proceeded with. If sufficient support is forthcoming further works will be issued, including, the sponsors hope, some present-day writing in Scots. This scheme has been set on foot so well and with such discernment that one hopes the needed co-operation will be offered readily both within and outside Scotland. The world to-day is faced with the prospect of a mental and spirituar break with the past such as has not been known for centuries, and on this account it is vitally important to hand down our treasured traditions in a lucid and acceptable form. The Saltire Society's books promise to do this admirably, even to the extent of a brevity and compactness well in tune with to-day's almost universal upheavals and refugeedom. The introductions are a model of their kind-concise, informa tive, critical, and provided with sufficient signposts for the deeper inquirers or more tranquil readers we hope some day to be again. Notes and glossaries are clear and adequate, but economical. A sense of the living past, so immeasurably hard to convey, emerges from the pages and provides the 64 NOTICE OF NEW BOOKS ultimate and incontrovertible justification for soliciting all possible attention for this venture. Two of the present volumes have a sure and widespread appeal and fireside charm-the Poems of James Hogg and Allan Ramsay respectively. The latter, especially, is an excellent piece of gleaning from the agreeable and clubbable eighteenth-century Edinburgh to which Ramsay and his various bookshops belonged. Its a,ppeal is wide, and the introduction is as comprehensive as it is terse. One may be tempted to regret the shortness of the corresponding pilot age given to Hogg, but Mr. Oliver's selection makes first-rate reading, varying as it does from the " glamourie and diablerie " of " Kilmeny " and " The Witch of Fife " to a collection of those famous, lilti;ng songs which are almost better known than their author. The two other volumes are harder going. But those who want to get briefly to grips with the essential stuff of which are formed the Scottish character and moral outlook-both things almost unbelievably the same century by century, in antique dialect and modern English-must welcome the gift of two seventy-page books which contain so much of such deep import. Mr. Ralph S. Walker is particu larly to be congratulated on the way he has handled John Knox's stubborn, knotty, but intensely significant book, which he summarises aptly as voicing "the prejudices of a party in the language of a fanatic," yet somehow contriving to be a major literary work, profoundly Scottish in its whole texture and its expression of " a master spirit, whose equal Scotland has not known since Knox' s day." To conserve the identity of small nations is a prime task of civilised man to-day, and literature is one of the chief reposi tories of that national spirit. Scotland, with the difficulty of language changes and absorption in a great Empire, is peculiarly apt to lose touch with her own past, but to do so would be fatal. It is to movements such as the Saltire Society that she must often look if she is to get the shrewd best of both worlds as a small, separate entity and as part of a mighty whole in fact and in spirit. A word of praise should be added for the pleasing format of the Scottish Classics .Series: well-printed, attractively bound in blue cloth, and lettered in silver. E. M. BIBLIOGRAPHY PART !.-EDITIONS OF BURNS's WRITINGS Poems of Robert Burns, selected by George Ogilvie. [New edition.] Edinburgh: W. & R. Chambers, Limited, 1940, 12°, I/- Songs from Robert Burns, [selected by P. J. Dollan.] London and Glasgow: Collins' Clear-Type Press, 1940, 18°' 1/- PART 11.-BURNSIANA ARNOTT (R. J.) An elegy on Burns: a Dumfries friend's poetical tribute. In Gallovidian Annual, 1940, pp. 45-48. B. (J. H.) Robert Burns among the schoolmasters. In Scottish educational journal, 26th January, 2nd and 9th February 1940. D1CKSON (T.) A bouquet of greetings, [tributes to Robert Burns written for the Coldstream Burns Club.] Cold stream: Printed by Geo. W. Gibson & Sons, 1939, 12°, 6d. THE GOLDEN TREASURY of the best songs and lyrical poems in the E_nglish language, selected by F. T. Palgrave. 4th ed. London: Oxford University Press, 1940, 12°, 4/- MACARTNEY (W. NEWTON) Burns and the Buchanites. In Scottish field, January-February 1940. SHANNON (GERARD) Robert Burns: that Immortal Memory. In Dublin Review, June 1940, pp. 354-366. (To be conti'/'l;Ued) SMITH (DR. JAMES C.) " Coila's plains and fells " : Burns as a poet of nature. In The Scotsman, 25th January 1940. SPEIRS (JOHN) Burns. In his The Scots literary traditioa. London: Chatto & Windus, 1940, 12°, 7/6d_. E. J. FOOT For the bibliography of Scottish literature other than that of Burns, see the Awnual bibliography of English language and literature published by the Cambridge University Press for the Modern Humanities Research Association, and The year's work in English studies published by the Oxford University Press for the E;nglish Association. Ill OBITUARY MR. NINIAN MACWHANNELL, F.R.l.B.A., died on 23rd December 1939, in his eightieth year. He was a native of Glasgow and an architect by profession, and had a notable record of public service in his native city. He was for ten years a member of the Corporation of Glasgow. He was for many years a prominent figure in the Burns world ; was elected a Vice-President of the Bur;ns Federation in 1930, and was its President from 1933 till 1937. Mr. Macwhannell was keenly interested in the doric, and compiled an anthology of Scots vernacular verse which was published four years ago under the title Oor mither tongue. An appreciation of Mr. Macwhannell by his successor in the presidential chair of the Burns Federation was expressed at the Conference of the Council held on 14th September 11940. (See Minutes of the Conference, pp. 91-92 of this volume.) MR. LAWRENCE G. SLOAN died on 13th December 1939. He was well-known in business circles as the British Empire repre sentative of the Waterman Fountain Pen firm. He was for many years a member of London Burns Club, and for a period its President. He was appointed a Vice-President of the Burns Federation in 1921, a,nd became an Hon. Vice-President five years later. MR. JoHN D. Ross, LL.D., died on 29th October 1939. He compiled numerous useful volumes dealing with Burns and his writings, among them Burnsiana (6 vols., 1892-97). He had been an Hon. Vice-President of the Burns Federation since 1932. MR. R. D. GRANT McLAREN, Secretary of the Ninety Burns Club, Edinburgh. * MR. GEORGE MORICE, Secretary of the Highland Society of New South Wales, Sydney. MR. A. D. PHILLIPS, a Past-President o_f Nottingham Scottish Association. MR. THOMAS ScoTT TURNBULL, F.E.l.S., died on 20th March 1940. He was a member of Bridgeton (Glasgow) Burns Club, and its delegate to the Glasgow and District Burns Association. He was Convener of that Association's school competitions, in which he acted as adjudicator for many years. BURNS CLUB NOTES 15 : BELFAST BURNS ASSOCIATION The outbreak of war, coinciding as it did with the com mencement of sessicm 1939-40, caused considerable uncertainty regarding the possibility of carrying through the engagements for the session. Consequently the Council considered that it had no alternative but to cancel the entire programme. But, as the weeks passed with little change in conditions and there was a strong desire to find an antidote to the general anxiety and consequent depression, it was agreed to hold a number of social meetings in place of the cancelled programme. The first of the special meetings was taken as a suitable occasion to invest the office-bearers with the badges of office presented to the Association by a number of generous members; and the investiture was made by Mrs. David J. Thompson, a member of the Association and a great-great grand-daughter of the poet. Badges for each Past-President of the Association were also donated and presented. Since it had been possible to continue the activities during the session even on a reduced scale, it was felt that every effort should be made to hold the Annual Supper on 25th January 1940; so on that date about 150 members and friends gathered under the Presidency of Mr. A. McSaveny, to pay tribute to " The Immortal Memory of Robert Burns " very ably proposed by Mr. D. Lindsay Keir, M.A., Vice-Chancellor of Queen's University, Belfast, whose oration was such that one guest was moved to remark that '' A bowl of parritch and the Vice-Chancellor's speech were sufficient feast in them- selves." • The appeal on behalf of the Scottish NatiO'f! 68: SANDYFORD (GLASGOW) BURNS CLUB Throughout the Winter session the Club had but one meet ing-the Anniversary Dinner, held in the Ca'doro Restaurant on 25th January 1940. 68 BURNS CLUB NOTES Prior to the outpreak of wa,r an excellent syllabus had been prepared, and another year of success was a:nticipated under the guidance of Mr. James Simpson, a genial and popular President. With black-out conditions and restricted travel facilities, the Directors deemed it advisable to cancel all arrangements. Late in November the position was reviewed, and feeling was stro:ngly in favour of honouring the poet's memory on 25th January. The company was con siderably smaller than on former occasions. " The Immortal Memory " was proposed by Sir William W. McKechnie. Tackling the subject with a typically humorous touch that served to emphasise the sincerity of his admiration for Burns, Sir Willia,m, who said that he had been proposing this toast for over 30 years, declared that when Burns appeared before him when writing his speech the poet said " Well, McKechnie, I see you're at it again I " The speaker went on to suggest that Burns told him he heard the oratory to his memory every year. "You see," Burns said, "I have a wireless set where I am, though it fuses sometimes, and when certain points in the oration are reached certain countries jam the broad cast I '' Could they wonder why certain countries jammed these Burns orations 1 Sir William asked. " To find the explanation," he remarked, " we need only examine the philosophy of ' A man's a man ' and set it against the philo sophy of the totalitarian countries." The speaker said tJhat the works of Burns should J:>e continually read by his admirers, and in so doing they would find :new merit in that great genius. The toast " The Lassies " was most ably proposed by Mr. James Robertson, and as ably responded to by Miss Mary Andross, B.Sc. Other speakers were Councillor W. Graham Greig, Peter Ferguson and James T. Wotherspoon. On this occasion the response to the appeal for benevolence was entirely devoted to 'the Jean Armour Burns Houses, Mauchline. The collection totalled .£26 10s. Lo.sses to the Club through death during the past year include Mr. James Michie, an original member and a Past President, and Bailie Gordon Cochrane, Past-President. s. w. LOVE, Hon. Secy. 89 : SUNDERLAND BURNS OLUB The work of the Club has been practically suspended owing to the war conditions. The passing of our President, Mr. J. M'Lagan, which took place suddenly on 6th November 1939, was a great shock to us all a,nd a serious loss to the Club. BURNS CLUB NOTES 69 " He was a worthy Scot, possessed of good sound judgment, a loyal friend, a true-hearted highlander gifted with a delight ful sense of humour, engaging sociability, and many other good qualities that endeared him to us all." The large turnout a,t the funeral was a testimo:ny to his popularity. The Club pipers played " The Lament" at the cemetery. He acted as President during season 1923-24, and was elected at the Annual Meeting in April 1939, but was permitted to close the year. The Committee have decided that, as conditions are not improved, it would not be wise to ask members to come out in the evenings, with the black-out and the sire:n " alert," so we have cancelled all evening meetings. M. NEILSON, Hon. Secy. 153 : SCOTTISH BURNS CLUB, GLASGOW The outbreak of the Second Great War in September 1939 resulted in the suspension of some of the monthly meetings of the Club. The Annual Dinner a:nd various other activi ties were carried on successfully. As the membership of this Club is drawn from a wide area and not from the City alone, it was considered undesirable that members should regularly be invited to travel considera,ble distances during the " black out " and to leave their home-firesides while the danger of bombing existed. The next A:nnual Dinner of the Club will be held on Monday, 20th January 1941, and further meetings through out the session will be a,rranged as circumstances permit. The !,ate Nirvia;n, Macwhannell On 23rd December 1939 the Club suffered an irreparable loss by the death of Ninian Macwhannell. Mr. Macwhannell had been a member of the Scottish Burns Club since 1906- two years after its formation. From that time he had taken a leading part in the affairs of the Club. He had been President of the Club in 1912-13. He had received the signal honour of the presidency of the Burns Federation for four successive years, 1933-37. He had occupied similar positions of honour in ma,ny other bodies with which he was associated. In 1932 he was Chief Magistrate of the City of Glasgow. He had done much for the preservation, promotion and cultural adoption of his native doric and other things Scottish. He had been prominently ide:ntified with many Scottish Associa tions for the furtherance of Scottish literature, art and letters, and movements pertaining to the honour and dignity of Scotland. Those who knew him intimately loved him. To 70 BURNS CLUB NOTES them the pawky, genial, kindly, stately Scot will ever remain a fragra;nt memory. A Committee has been formed to pay honour to his memory. Immediately after the termination o.f the War, the Committee propose to give his many friends an opportunity of subscrib ing to a small fund for the erection of a suitable memorial near 'his home in Pollokshaws. J. KEVAN MCDOWALL, Secretary 295 : THE BURNS HOUSE CLUB LIMITED (GLASGOW) The Rooms at 27 India Street are for the purpose of pro viding a house for the Burns Clubs of Glasgow. The Clubs find the accommodation most co;nvenient for their ordinary and committee meetings, and 27 India Street is the head quarters of the Glasgow and Distrfot Burns Association. The .Club is open every week-day, and there is a select libra,ry of Scottish literature. The principal newspapers and magazines are provided. Lectures, concerts and whist drives are arranged by the Directors, a;nd these functions prove very popular. A Billiard Tournament for the Morison Cup, pre sented by Mr. Thos. Morison, a Past-President, provides keen interest amongst the members. J. McCLYMONT WYLIE, Secretary 310: MAUCHLINE BURNS CLUB Syllabus 1940-1941 1940-Sep. 24. " Clearer thinking," by A. S. M'CullocJh. Oct. 25. " Burns's indebted;ness to Fergusson," by J. D. Cairns. Nov. 26. "Poosie Nansie's," by Joseph Kirkland. Dec. 17. A night of harmony, arranged by Andrew T. Crawford. 1941-Jan. 25. Annual Celebratio;n : " The Immortal Memory" by John S. Clarke. Feb. 25. " Scotland in the War," by William Thomson. Mar. 25. Annual Meeting. " Scots vernacular verse," with illustrations from his own works, by W. D. Cocker. JAMES DUNLOP, H()lfl,. Secy. BURNS CLUB NOTES 70A 4.9: BRIDGETON (GLASGOW) BURNS CLUB The prevailing war conditions during session 11939-40 necessitated the Club curtailing its usual educational and social activities. Owing to the evacuation of children and the closing of schools, it was impossible to carry through the usual school competitions. Only two meetings were arranged for, namely, the Anniversary Dinner on 25th January, and the Ladies Musical Evening on 4th March, at which Mrs. and ex-President Robert Cowper provided a most excellent enter tainment which was much appreciated. These two meetings, however, were most outstanding. At the Dinner the oration was given by the Hon. the Lord Provost of Glasgow, P. J. Dollan, Esq., D.L., J.P., who delighted those present with his resume of the lif!il of the national bard. The Lord Provost contended that, consider ing the times in which he lived, Burns was not a poor man, because he could not have accomplished what he did if he had been. He was a man who had more than ordinary advantages and more than average schooling. No plough man's son could have been a pupil of Ayr Academy in his time, nor could have the advantage of a private tutor, and no ploughman's son would have been able to afford the books that he bought and studied. There had probably been, said the Lord Provost, no poet or writer in Scotland who had had such a rich reward for his writings within such a compara tively limited time as Robert Burns_. The Lord Provost's address was thoroughly appreciated and enthusiastically received, as was evidenced by his appeal for funds for the City of Glasgow Central War Relief Fund, for which a collection was immediately taken, realising the magnificent sum of £420, which was later augmented by a further contribution on the Ladies' Night of over £115, and a cheque given to the Lord Provost by a member of the Club for £25. On a later date your Directors had the pleasure of accepting an invitation to lunch with the Lord Provost in his Room in the Municipal Chambers, at which his good lady Mrs. Dollan was present. A pleasant hour was spent in song and story, after which at the spontaneous suggestion of our Hon. Treasurer, ex-President David S. Brown, sup ported by Past-President T. R. Patterson, a further collection of £20 was made and handed to Mrs. Dollan in aid of the funds in which she was interested along with her husband. Altogether it is gratifying to note that through the efforts of the Club this year, the sum of over £561 at least has been passed to the City of Glasgow Central War Relief Fund. 70B BURNS CLUB NOTES It falls also to be recorded that through the efforts of Vice-President William. C. Faulds the sum of £25 was con tributed to the Jean Armour Burns Houses Fund from the " Little Trust." Mr. Little was a member of the Club. President Thomson and other members of the Executive had pleasure this year in accompanying the Lord Provost to lay a wreath on the Burns Statue in George .Square. Without doubt President Robert B. Thomson has had a most virile and successful two years of office, and he is to be congratulated on the Club's beneficent work during his term. It is anticipated that the usual Anniversary Dinner will be held on Saturday, 25th January 19411, in the Grosvenor, when the oration will be given by the Rev. Joseph Gray, T.D., M.A., of Lansdowne Church. JoHN G. S. SeROLL, Hon. Sec'!/· 381 : GREATER NEW YORK MASONIC BURNS OLUB The Club wishes to announce the passing away of Past President Bro. John Duncanson, a true Scot and an ardent lover of Ro):>ert Burns. A native of Dunfermline, he settled in America many years ago. At the time of his death he was a Director of the Crowell Publishing Co. of New York. His passing left the Club with a, deep void. The Club is progressing very favourably, considering the troubled times which we are passing through. Founder and Past-President Bro. James McMurdo celebrated his 82nd birthday on 12tJh April 1940. The Executive Committee gathered at his home to help with the celebratio;n. Bro. McMurdo is hale and hearty, never misses a meeting of the Club or of Lodge Kilwinning-of which he is a P.M. a,nd now holds the office of Treasurer. He has held that office for over twenty years. The Annual General Meeting was held in tJhe Club Room on 7th October 1940, when First Vice-President Bro. Malcolm Beaton was elected President· for the year 1940-41. The Club sends its best wishes to the Burns Federation for its continued success. JOHN WATSON, Secretar'!I BURNS CLUB NOTES 'll 373 : RED HILL BURNS CLUB Extract, letter from Secretary of the ClvlJ to the Distnct Representative for Sou.th Africa Our Club has its own hall-the "Robert Burns Memorial Hall." Our membership is what may be termed cosmopolitan; at our last anniversary supper " The Immortal Memory " was proposed by an Englishman, Gordon Osborne, and he did well. Our great ideal is to make " a man's a ma:n " more than a prophecy-a reality. Over and above our usual functions Hogmanay Dance, Burns Supper, Scottish Ball, Childre:n's Eisteddfod, Hallowe'en, Christmas Tree-we were the only Club in Africa to hold a Dickens Centenary meeting; we gave a supper to the memory of Diase, the first European to put foot on the shores of South Africa; and we commemorated the Grace Darling Centenary. So you see we are a live Club, and doing all we possibly can for the cause of Brotherhood. Enclosed is a P.O. for £1, a donation towards the Scottish National Dictionary, and we should be pleased if you would kindly forward it on. HARRY ELLIOTT' Secretary 391 : WATERBURY BURNS CLUB The Annual Meeting of the Club was held on 13th January. The report submitted by the Auditors at that meeting showed the Club to be in sound condition. It is evident that witJhout immigration our membership is slowly but surely decreasing. The younger generation do not seem to be interested in our sentiments and aims, so that there seems to be no chance of any membership increase from that source; nevertheless we intend to promote a drive for new members from all possible sources. Undoubtedly the greatest event of the Club's program this year was the 55th Anniversary Banquet held on l 7th February. The principal speaker was Horace D. Taft, founder of the Taft School in Watertown, Conn., and a great lover of our national bard. Our guest-artist was Nora Fauchauld, of Norwegian extraction, a concert a:nd radio singer of renown who really can give a first-class rendition of Scottish songs. We were indeed fortunate to have them on our program. The Annual Celebration of the Poet's Birthday was held in January. Brother James Littlejohn, our Treasurer, i:n a very able manner proposed "The Immortal Memory." 72 BURNS CLUB NOTES Brother John S. Pearson was presented a suitable gift on the termination of three consecutive years as President. Our schedule of meetings has been changed: the open meet ing has been dropped, a:nd now we combine a business and social meeting on the fourth Saturday of each month. ROBERT CURRIE, Secretary 497: ST . .ANDREW BURNS CLUB (WELLINGTON) INCORPORATED Syllabus 191,.0-1941 1940--Jul. 15. Burns recital, by J. B. Thomson. Aug. 19. " Jean Armour : wife to a genius," by Mrs. B. Sinclair-Burns. Sep. 16. " Scotland's struggles for freedom," by Rev. D. D. Scott. Oct. 21. "Highland history," by E. P. Hay. Nov. 18. " Burns and French thought,'' by 0. N. Gillespie. Dec. 16. Members' Night and Musical Evening. 1941-Jan. 25. Anniversary : " The Immortal Memory " by A. Barclay. Feb. 17. " Sir Walter Scott--tJhe man and his work," by Rev. Brian Kilroy. Mar. 17. Ladies' Night ; " Modern Scots verse," by Mrs. M. A. M. Gordon. Apl. 21. "Liberty," by W. B. Mcllveney, M.V.O. May 19. " Burns and Carlyle," by H. H. Cornish, K.C. Jun. 16. Annual General Meeting. (Miss) B. CLARK, Secretary 520: UDDINGSTON LOCHLIE LADIES' BURNS CLUB The National Emergency in September 1939 made it imperative that, until the civil position was clarified, meetings of the Club, as had been arranged, should be cancelled. How ever, in October it was decided unanimously to meet once per month, and the syllabus wa,s restricted accordingly. During the month of November a number of H.M. forces were enter tained to supper, which included Haggis and Neeps, served in the traditional manner. The majority of the guests hailed from " south o' the Border " and consequently the ceremonies, as well as the fare, were of great interest. The harmony of the evening was provided by members of a local Concert Party, BURNS CLUB NOTES 73 and a tangible souvenir of the function, in the form of miniature horse-shoes, was presented to each guest. In December the Clup was favoured by a visit from Mr. T. B. Goudie, President of the Lanarkshire Association of Burns Clubs. The birth of the Bard was celebrated in January by mem bers and friends under the happy chairmanship of Vice-President; Mrs. Clements. During the month of May the venue of tJhe Annual Outing was Edinburgh, a:nd the members had the privilege and pleasure of visiting the Lady Haig Poppy Factory. A second outing was arranged in July to Helensburgh and the Three Lochs, to provide a break from the daily darg and to compensate for generally curtailed annua,l holidays. This proved one of the tnost successful out ings arranged by the Club. The close of the session was marred by the loss, through death, of Mrs. Clements, Vice-President of the Club for three years, whose untiring services !have done much towards the success of the numerous interests engaged in. (Mrs.) ISOBEL DOWNIE, Secretar'!I AULD BRIG OF AYR REPORT OF CONDITION AS AT 30TH OCTOBER 1940 This Bridge has been kept under observation for the past 1year. The masonry of piers, abutments and parapets is in good order, with the exception of the projection parts of the gargoyles for conducting water from the carriageway, five of which are broken on the east side and four on the west side, but do not interfere with the discharge of water. Some small portions of the parapet wall require pointing, but this is having attention. The granite sett paving on the Bridge and approaches is also in good condition, and I consider everything most satisfactory, and apart from the pointing above referred to no immediate repairs are required. THOMAS O'BEIRNE, BURGH SURVEYOR, CORPORATION OF Arn MOTTO-" A MAN'S A MAN FOR A' THAT" THE BURNS FEDERATION INSTITUTED I 88 5 Hon. Pruidenu. Sir ALEXANDER GIBB, G.B.E., C.B., LL.D,(Edin.), F.R.S., Queen Anne's Lodge, Westminster; London, S.W.l. WILLIAM WILL, 97 Chiltern Court, London, N.W.1. RoBBRT GRAHAM of Finery, 10 Finsbury Circus, London, E.C.2. Brevet-Colonel T. C. DUNLOP, A.D.C., T.D., D.L., Sauchrie, Maybole, Ayrshire. Sir RoBERT BRUCE, D.L., LL.D., Brisbane House, 9 Rowan Road, Glasgow, S.l. Sir JosEPH DoBBIE, S.S.C., 42 Melville Street, Edinburgh, 3. THOMAS A111os, M.A, 19 Glebe Road, Kilmarnock. Sir THOMAS OLIVER, D.L., M.D., The Heugh, Barrasford, Northum berland. DUNCAN MAcINNEs, Station B, Box 9, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A. ALEXANDER G. McKNIGHT, 321 Providence Building, Duluth, Minnesota, U.S.A. WILLIAM GRANT, M.A., LL.D., Training Centre, St. Andrew Street, Aberdeen. J. C. EWING, 8 Royal Terrace, Glasgow, C.3. WM. C. COCKBURN, Holmwood, Uddingston. WILLIAM A. WEIR, Secretary, Canadian Bankers' Association, Lombard Buildings, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Hon. Vice-Preaident1. Sir RoBBRT WILSON, D.L., LL.D., Dalsalloch, 18 Aytoun Road, Pollokshields, Glasgow, S.l. JAKES THOMSON, F.S. .A.Scot., The Cedars, 21 Fortis Green, Eaat Finchley, London, N.2. J. TAYLOR GrnB, F.S.A.Scot., Mauchline. A.NDRBW M'C.A.LLUM, Gowanbrae, Pollokshaws, Glasgow, S.3. J.uns McMuimo, 85-71 144th Street, Jamaica, N.Y., U.S.A. JoHN N. HALL, Eastwood, Irvine. •TA.MES A. MoRRis, R.S.A., Wellington Chambers, Ayr. RICHARD Douous, 1 Wall Street, New York, N.Y., U.S.A. DANIBL RoBBRTSON, J.P., 7 Rosehall Terrace, Falkirk. ADAM MA.cxu, 52 Fernleigh Road, Glasgow, S.3. THE BURNS FEDERATION 75 EXECU'rIVR COMMITTEE. Pruident-M. H. McKERaow, F.S. .A.Scot., 43 Buccleuch Street, Dumfries. Past-Preaident- ViC8-Pruident1-Sir THOMAS OLIVER, D.L., M.D., The Heugh, Barrasford, Northumberland. Capt. CHARLES CA1uucHAEL, 54 Chatsworth Street, Derby. Hon. Secretary-JOHN McVIE, 13 Hillside Crescent, Edinburgh, 7. Hon. Treasurw-Major DAVID YUILLE, T.D., Woodcroft, Symington, Kilmarnock. Hon. Solicitor- Hon. Editor, "Buffll Chronicle"--J. C. EwING, 8 Royal Terrace, Glasgow, C.3. Hon. Secretary of ScAool Children'• Competitiom-FRED. J. BELFORD, M.A., F.E.I.S., 3 Park Grove, Liberton, Edinburgh, 9. · Di8trict Representatives. I. Ayrshire-JAMES MACINTYRE, 17 New Road, Mauchline. Taollrt:AS BoYD, Doonleigh, Carrick Road, Ayr. II. Edinburgh-W. KING GILLIES, M.A., B.A.(OxoN.), LL.D., 12 Suffolk Road, Edinburgh. III. Glatgow-WM. C. CocXBURN, Holmwood, Uddingston. Col. G. P. LINTON, O.B.E., M.C., T.D., 1 Thorn Drive, Burnside, by Glasgow. IV. Dumbarton and Argyll Shire1-W.1i1. BoYLE, 22 Osborne Street, Clydebank. V. Fifeahire-Capt. DAVID STOBIE, M.B.E., Urak, Crossford, Fife. T. C. ANDERSON, Rowan Cottage, Main Street, Kelty, Fife. VI. Lanar/c1hire-Mrs. M. THOMSON, 21 Gilbertfield Road, Cambuslang. JOHN R. FoTHERINGH.&llrl, Orwell, Bent Road, Hamilton. T. B. GoumE, Ewanrigg, Burnbank, Hamilton. JOHN HAPPLE, 4 Graham Avenue, Eddlewood, Hamilton. VII. Mid and Eaat Lothiana and Borders-Gi:oRGE HuKPHRJ:T, The Saugha, Newtongra.nge, Midlothian. ALEXANDER PRINGLE, 14 Wellington Street, Hawick. VIII. Weat Lothian- IX. Renfr-ahire-Ex·Provost J. M. ADAM, J.P., Cove Point House, Cove Road, Gourock. ARTHUR MURRAY, Beverley, 66 South Street, Greenock. 76 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE X. Stirling, Olackmannan and West Perth Shirea-DANIEL ROBERTSON, J.P., 7 Roseball Terrace, Falkirk. JAMES P. CRAWFORD, 68 Port Street, Stirling. XI. East PerthsMre and Angus-WILLIAM THOMPSON, 6 Whyte's Buildings, Montrose Street, Brechin. XII. Northern Scottish Counties-Miss ANNIE BARCLAY, c/o Town and Counties Ladies' Club, 7 Bonaccord Street, Aberdeen. XIII. Southern Scottish Counties-JOHN WARDLAW, Glenalva, Albert Road, Dumfries. XIV. London and South-Eastern England-JOHN M. SWAN, 17 Roxborough Park, Harrow, Middlesex. XV. North-Eaatern England-J. RENWICK VICKERS, Belvoir, St. Bedes, East Boldon, Co. Durham. XVI. North- Wutern England-DANIEL WRIGHT, Quatre Bras, St. Andrews Road, Bebington, Cheshire. XVII. Midland& of England-JOHN CURRIE, 20 Arboretum Street, N ottingbam. W. G. McGREGOR, 7 Glen Road, Sheffield, 7. XVIII. South- Western England- XIX. Walu-HEcTOR McKELVIE, 3 Glanmor Road, Uplands, Swansea. XX. Ireland-ALEXANDER EMSLIE, M.A., 37 Knutsford Drive, Cliftonville, Belfast. XXI. South Africa-DONALD F. MACNAIR, 103 Fotheringay Road, Glasgow, S.l. XXII. Australia-T. ATHOLL ROBERTSON, F.R.G.S., F.S.A.Scot., 9 Foster Lane, London, E.C.2. XXIII. New Zealand-WILLIAM BLACK, Cardean, East:field Road, Dumfries. XXIV. Canada-JOHN G. S. SPROLL, 3 Royal Exchange Square, Glasgow, C.1. XXV. India-ARTHUR McKERRow, Polmood, Biggar. XXVI. U.S. .A.-ARTHUR A. CRAIG, c/o H. C. Reid, 50 Spring Street, Atlanta, S.W., Georgia, U.S.A. GEOR(,1E S. MAcGREGOR, 314 Edwin Street, Flint, Michigan, U.S.A. XXVII. Near East-HUGH M. MACINTYRE, Elmsley, 7 Racecourse Road, Ayr. XXVIII. China-THOMAS FINDLAY, Learig, Mauchline. SUB-COMMITTEES. Finance: Messrs. Cockburn (Convener), Adam, Goudie, Murray, and Robertson. Memorial11: Messrs. H. M. Macintyre (Convener), Black, Boyd, Goudie, and Murray. AUDITORS. JAMES MAcINTYRE, 17 New Road, Mauchline. Bailie WILLIAM A. GOLD, Wallacethorn, Riccarton, Kilmarnock. THE BUR1'18 .l!EDERATION 77 CONSTITUTION AND RULES. Name. 1. The Association shall be called "The Burns Federation," with headquarters at Kilmarnock. Objects. 2. 'l'he objects of the Federation shall be (a) To strengthen and consolidate, by universal affiliation, the bond of fellowship amongst the members of Burns Clubs and kindred Societies. (b) To purchase and preserve manuscripts and other relics associated with Robert Burns. (Gifts of relics shall be reported by the Hon. Secretary at the next meeting of the Executive Committee following thereon.) (c) To mark with suitable inscriptions, repair, or renew buildings, tombstones, etc., interesting from their association with Robert Burns. (d) To encourage institutions and movements fn honour of Robert Burns. ( e) To encourage and arrange School Children's Com petitions in order to stimulate the teaching and study of Scottish history, literature, art and music. ( f) To encourage the development of Scottish literature, art and music. Membership. 3. (a) The Federation shall consist of affiliated Clubs and Societies. Burns Clubs and kindred Societies may be admitted to the Federation by the Executive Committee, on application in writing to the Hon. Secretary, enclosing a copy of their Constitu tion and List of Office-bearers. Such applications shall be con sidered by the Executive Committee at its next meeting. (b) Ladies or gentlemen who have rendered conspicuous service to the Burns Movement may be elected by the Council to the position of Honorary President or Honorary Vice-President, on the recommendation of the Executive Committee. Council. 4. The Council shall consist of the Hon. Presidents, the Hon. Vice-Presidents, the Executive Committee, the Auditors, and three members elected by each Club. 78 THE BURNS FEDERATION Conference of the Cowncil. 5. (a) The Annual Conference of the Council shall be held, at such place as may be arranged, on the second Saturday of September, when the Annual Reports shall be submitted and Office-bearers for the ensuing year elected. (b) Clubs outwith the United Kingdom may be represented by proxy at the Conference. (c) Nominations for Offices shall be made by the Executive Committee or by Clubs. (d) Nominations of Office-bearers, Intimations of election of District representative members, and Notices of motion shall be lodged in writing with the Hon. Secretary not later than the second Saturday of June. (e) The Agenda of the Conference and the Annual Reports shall be issued to Clubs by the Hon. Secretary not less than one month before the Conference. (f) No alteration shall be made in the "Constitution and Rules" except at the Conference of the Council, and then only by a two-thirds' majority of those voting. Executive Committee. 6. (a) The Executive Committee shall consist of (1) President, Immediate Past-President, two Vice-Pre sidents, Hon. Secretary, Hon. Treasurer, Hon. Solicitor, Hon. Editor of the Burns Chronicle, Hon. Secretary of School Children's Competi- tions; and , (2) Representative members elected by Districts, as shown in the subjoined Schedule. (b) The Office-bearers and the Auditors shall retire annually, and shall be eligible for re-election. (c) District representative members shall be elected annually by all Districts on the basis of one member for the first five Clubs, and one member for every additional ten Clubs, in each District ; but for Edinburgh, London, Wales, Ireland, and Overseas Districts, one Club in each shall qualify for admission as a District. No District shall have more than one member unless the number of itl3 Clubs exceeds fourteen. If a District fail to elect a representative member, the Executive Com mittee shall have power to fill the vacancy. Meetings qf the Executive Committee. 7. (a) The Executive Committee l!lhall conduct the business of CONSTITUTION AND RULES 79 the Federation, and shall meet on the third Saturdays of October, December, March and June, and when called by the Hon. Secretary. The place of each meeting shall be fixed at the previous meeting. (b) The Hon. Secretary shall give at least one week's notice of meetings, along with the Agenda. (c) Notices of motion and other business to appear in the Agenda should reach the Hon. Secretary at least a fortnight before the meeting. (d) Special meetings may be held on a written request to the Hon. Secretary signed by not fewer than ten members of the Committee and stating the business to be considered. (e) Ten shall form a quorum at meetings. (f) The President, the Vice-Presidents, the Hon. Secretary, and the Hon. Treasurer shall be ex offeciis members of all Standing Sub-Committees. Subscriptions. 8. (a) Each Club, on admission to the Federation, shall pay a registration fee of two guineas, on receipt of which the Diploma of the Federation shall be issued. This registration fee includes the subscription for the first year of membership. Thereafter each Club shall pay an annual subscription of one guinea. Clubs failing to pay thiR subscription for two consecutive years may be struck off the roll of the Federation. Clubs in arrear with their subscriptions shall not be entitled to be represented at the annual Conference of the Council. (b) Each Club shall be expected to subscribe for at least five copies of the annual Burns Chronicle, at a maximum price of Two shillings per copy. (c) Members of affiliated Clubs shall be entitled to receive a Pocket Diploma on payment of One shilling. Finance. 9. (a) The Sub-Committee on Finance shall consist of five members of the Executive Committee, three to form a quorum. (b) No accounts shall be paid without the authority of the Finance Committee, which shall submit the Minutes of its meetings to the quarterly meetings of the Executive Committee. (c) The Bank Account shall be kept in the name of the Federation, and shall be operated by the Hon. Treasurer for the time being. Deposit Receipts shall be taken out in the name of the Federation, to be drawn on the endorsement of the President, the Hon. Secretary, and the Hon. Treasurer, or any two of them. 80 THE BURNS FEDERATION Honorary Secretary. 10. The Hon. Secretary (with, if decided to be necessary, the assistance of a Minute Clerk) shall keep the Minute Book of the Federation, in which shall be recorded the proceedings of all meetings. He shall also conduct the correspondence of the Federation, convene all meetings, and issue Diplo,mas. He shall prepare the Executive Committee's Report on the year's transactions, for submission to the Conference of the Council. Honorary Treasurer. ll. The Hon. Treasurer shall have charge of all monie11 paid to the Federation, and shall pay all accounts authorised by the Finance Committee. He shall prepare a statement of his accounts for the year to 3lst July. "Burns Chronicle." 12. (a) The Burns Chronicle shall be an official publication of the Federation, and shall be published annually, not later than lst January. It shall contain a Directory of the Clubs on the roll of the Federation, reports of the transactions of the Federation and of affiliated Clubs during the previous year, and such literary matter and illustrations as may be decided by the Hon. Editor. (b) The Hon. Editor shall be responsible for the publication of the Burns Chronicle, and shall submit annually a report on the sale of the latest issue. Estimates for the printing of the Burna Chronicle and other publications of the Federation shall be approved by the Finance Committee. (c) The published price of the Burns Chronicle shall be fixed by the Executive Committee. School Children'& Competition1. 13. The Hon. Secretary of School Children's Competitions shall give assistance to affiliated· Clubs in the organisation of their Com petitions, and shall endeavour to co-ordinate the efforts of the various Clubs. He shall submit annually a report on the Com petitions organised by the Clubs. Benefits. 14. (a) Affiliated Clubs shall be supplied gratis with copies of newspapers containing reports of meetings, demonstrations, etc., organised, conducted, or attended by the Federation. (b) Members of affiliated Clubs shall be entitled to be supplied, through the Secretaries of their respective Clubs, with copies of all works published by the Federation, at a discount of 33! per cent. LIST OF DISTRICTS (Su Article No. 6c of "Oonatitution ") I. Ayrshire. II. Edinburgh. III. Glasgow. IV. Dumbarton and Argyll Shires. v. Fifeshire. VI. Lanarkshire. VIL Lothians (Mid and East) and Borders. VIII. Lothian (West). IX. Renfrewshire. x. Stirling, Clackmannan, and West Perth Shires. XI. East Perthshire and Angus. XII. Northern Scottish Counties. XIII. Southern Scottish Counties. XIV. London and South-Eastern England. Essex, Hertford, Middlesex, Berks, Buckingham, Oxford, Hampshire, Surrey, Sussex, Kent xv. North-Eastern England. Northumberland, Durham; York6hire (except Sheffield, Rotherha.m, Doncaster) XVI. North-Western England. Cumberland, Westmorland, Lancashire, Cheshire XVII. Midlands of England. Derby, Nottingham, Lincoln, South Yorksl>ire. Leicester, Rutland Stafford, Shropshire, Worcester, Warwick, North ampton, Cambridge, Huntingdon, Bedford, Norfolk, Suffolk XVIII. South-Western England. Hereford, Gloucester, Wilts, Somerset, Dorset, Devon, Cornwall, Monmouth XIX. Wales. xx. Ireland. XXI. South Africa. XXII. Australia. XXIII. New Zealand. XXIV. Canada. xxv. India. XXVI. United States of America. XXVII. Near East. XXVIII. China. F 82 THE BURNS FEDERATION I. Ayrshlre-19 Clubs : 2 Members. 0 Kilmarnock. 288 Beith Caledonia. 35 Dalry. 310 Mauchline. 45 Cumnock. 365 Catrina. 56 Muirkirk Lapraik. 377 Kilbirnie Rosebery. 173 Irvine. 435 Ayr Tam o' Shanter. 192 Ayrshire B.C.Assoc. 456 Troon Masonic. 252 Alloway. 500 New Cumnock. 274 Troon. 564 Ochiltree Winsome Willie. 275 Ayr. 568 Darvel. 573 Croft Springside. Secretary/: John M. Irving, 7 Middlemas Drive, Kilmarnock. II. Edinburgh-12 Clubs : 1 Member. 22 Edinburgh. 314 Edinburgh Scottish. 79 Corstorphine. 341 Leith. 124 Ninety. 378 Edinburgh B.C.Assoo. 212 Portobello. 398 Colinton. 293 New Craighall. 410 Royal Mile. 307 Edinburgh Ayrshire Assoc. 489 Clarinda. Secretary/: Fred. J. Belford, M.A., 3 Park Grove, Liberton, Edinburgh, 9. III. Glasgow-22 Clubs : 2 Members. 3 Tam o' Shanter. 91 Shettleston. 7 Thistle. 135 Partiok Western. 9 Royalty. 139 National. 33 Haggis. 153 Scottish. 34 Carrick. 169 Glasgow B.C.Assoc. 36 Rosebery. 181 Primrose. 49 Bridgeton. 213 Kingston. 53 Govan Fairfield. 263 Masonic. 68 Sandyford. 282 Glasgow Bowling Assoo. 7 4 National Burns Memorial 295 Burns House. Cottage Homes. 477 Bellahouston. 484 Sheddens Ladies. Secretary: Andrew Stenhouse, LL.B., 183 West George Street, Glasgow, C.2. LIST OF DISTRICTS 83 IV. Dumbarton and APgyll Shires-8 Clubs: 1 Membel". 2 Alexandria. 225 Helensburgh. 10 Dumba.rton. 244 Dalmuir. 75 Kirn. 421 Arrochar and Tarbet. 196 Mid-Argyll. 550 Dunoon Mary Campbell. Secretary/: Wm. C. Cockburn, Holmwood, Uddingston. V. Fifeshire-19 Clubs: 2 Members. 62 Cupar. 402 High Valleyfield Highland 85 Dunfermline. Mary Ladies. 184 Blairadam. 452 Auchterderran Bonnie Jean. 250 Cowdenbeath Tam o' 457 Kinglassie Ladies. Shanter. 459 Cowdenbeath West End 262 Fife B.C.Assoc. Jolly Beggars. 283 Sinclairtown. 478 Kelty and Blairadam Bonnie 326 Bingry Ladies. Doon Ladies. 330 Glencraig "Bonnie Jean." 486 Jean Armour, Steelend. 345 Denbeath. 496 Auld Hoose, Burntisland. 350 Markinch. 508 Auchterderran. 554 Bruce, Falkland. Secretary/: T. C. Anderson, Rowan Cottage, Main Street, Kelty, Fife. THE BURNS FEDERATION VI. Lanarkshire-40 Clubs: 4o Membel'I. 20 Airdrie. 466 Dykehead Afton Water 100 Hamilton Mossgiel. Ladies. 121 Hamilton Junior. 467 Gilbertfield Highland Mary 133 Newarthill. Ladies. 152 Hamilton. 468 High Blantyre. 157 Baillieston. 494 Motherwell United Services. 207 Cambuslang Wingate. 505 Wishaw Masonic. 237 Uddingston Masonic. 506 Dykehead Jean Armour. 266 Newton Jolly Beggars. 509 Motherwell Masonic. 290 Blantyre and District. 520 Uddingston Lochlie Ladies. 348 Newton Bonnie Jean. 522 Glenlee. 356 Burnbank Masonic. 526 Dykehead Tam o' Shanter. 372 Baillieston Jean Armour. 527 Peacock Cross. 387 Mary Campbell (Cambus- 529 William Mitchell. lang). 533 Fauldhouse. 388 Kyle (Shotts) Ladies. 537 Harthill. 390 Meikle Earnock Jolly 542 NewarthiH White Heather. Beggars. 546 Oak, Hamilton. 392 WhilHet. 547 Coalburn Jolly Beggars. 424 CambuslangTamo'Shanter. 549 Bothwell Bonie Lesley 428 Chryston. Ladies. 441 Temple, Shotts. 5'74 Holytown Blair Athole. 577 Dalserf and Clydesdale. Secretary;: Mrs. M. Thomson, 21 Gilbertfield Road, Cambuslang. VII. Mid and East Lothlans and Borders-16 Clubs: 2 Members. 96 Jedburgh. 384 Pumpherston Bonnie Doon. 108 East Calder. 400 Haddington. 198 Gorebridge Jolly Beggars. 414 Dalkeith Fountain. 199 Newbattle and District. 427 Gorebridge Glencairn. 239 Hawick. 442 Penicuik. 319 Fisherrow Masonic. 475 Tweeddale Ladies. 338 Dalkeith and District. 516 The Airts, Prestonpans. 346 Oakbank Mossgiel. 552 Fawside, Tr.anent. Secretary: James Juner, 25 The Avenue, Arniston, Gorebridge. / LIST OF DISTRICTS 85 VIII. West Lothtan-5 Clubs: 1 Membel'. 125 Blackburn on Almond. 429 Bathgate. 160 Whitburn. 432 Winchburgh. 471 Rose of Grange (Bo'ness). Secretaf'1!: P. Glen, 41 Torphichen Street, Bathgate. IX. Renfrewshil'e-17 Clubs: 2 Membel'S. 21 Greenock. 431 Inverkip. 48 Paisley. 472 Renfrewshire B.C . .A. 59 Gourock Jolly Beggars. 512 Renfrew Andrew Park. 161 Paisley Charleston. 524: Cronies, Paisley. 190 Port-Glasgow. 538 Greenock & District 209 Greenock St. John's. P.P. .Assoc. 254 Greenock Victoria. 540 Johnstone Masonic. 383 Greenock Heather. 567 Paisley Newtown. 430 Gourock. 576 Fort Matilda. Secretaru: Arthur C. E. Lewis, Vallorbe, Rodney Road, Gourock. X. Stil'llng, Claekmannan, and West Perth Shll'es- 17 Clubs: 2 MembePs. 4 Callander. 399 St. Ringans. 37 Dollar. 409 Stenhousemuir and District 50 Stirling. 426 Sauchie. 126 Falkirk. 469 Denny Cross. 218 Bannockburn. 503 Dunblane. 292 Grahamston. 510 Scottish Dyes. 352 Grangemouth. 541 Doune. 380 Falkirk Cross Keys. 543 .Abbey Craig. 558 Cambusbarron. Secretaf'11 : Alex. Dun, 25 Port Street, Stirling. XI. East Perthshil'e and Angus-7 Clubs: 1 Member. 14 Dundee. 76 Brechin. 26 Perth. 82 Arbroath. 4A Forfar. 24:2 Montrose. 327 Perth St. Mark's. Secretary: George Cumming, J.P., Lindsay Lane, Brechin. 86 THE BURNS FEDERATION XII. Northern Seottlsh Counties-7 Clubs: 1 Member. 40 Aberdeen. 367 Dornoch. 149 Elgin. 403 Fraserburgh. 336 Peterhead. 458 Stonehaven. 470 St. Giles (Elgin). Secretary : Alex: Mutch, 2 Burns Gardens, Aberdeen. XIII. Southern Scottish Countles-18 Clubs : 1 Member. 112 Dumfries How:ff. 437 Dumfries Ladies. 217 Eskdale. 479 Queen of the South Ladies. 226 Dumfries. 502 Lincluden. 309 Annan. 530 Southern Scottish Counties 323 Kirkcudbright. B.C.A. 393 Annan Ladies. 536 Whithorn. 401 "Brig-En'," Maxwelltown. 562 Castle Douglas. Secretary : William Black, Cardean, Eastfield Road, Dumfries. XIV. London and South-Eastern England-6 Clubs: 1 Member. 1 Bums Club of London. 569 Thanetand District Cal. Soc. 481 London Ayrshire Society. 570 Scottish Clans Assoc. of 492 Harrow Cal. Soc. London. Secretary: John M. Swan, 17 Roxborough Park, Harrow, Middlesex. XV. North-Eastern England-11 Clubs: 1 Member. 89 Sunderland. 531 Tees-side Cal. Soc. 156 Newcastle. 534 Bedlington. 158 Darlington. 544 Ashington. 165 Wallsend-on-Tyne. 548 Leeds Cal. Soc. 379 Hartlepools. 551 Scarborough Cal. Soc. 555 Harrogate St. Andrew's Soc. Secretary: Matthew Neilson, 14 Percy Terrace, Sunderland. XVI. North-Western England-7 Clubs: 1 .Member. 71 Carlisle. 366 Liverpool. 236 Whitehaven. 417 Burnley and District. 363 Barrow, St. Andrew's 436 Walney Jolly Beggars Society. Ladies. 572 Chester Ca.I. Assoc. Secretary : Miss Florence M. M'Leod, Rowanhill, 34 Childwall Mount Road, Liverpool, 16. LIST OF DISTRICTS 87 XVII. Midlands of England-16 Clubs: Z Membel's. 17 Nottingham. 445 Bw.ton Caledonian Soo. 55 Derby. 454 Rotherham. 167 Birmingham. 461 Leicester Caledonian Soo. 296 Walsall. 528 Loughborough Scottish Soo. 329 Newark and District. 553 Wolverhampton Cal. Soo. 405 Sheffield Caledonian Soo. 556 Doncaster Cal. Soo. 418 Skegness. 559 Coventry Cal. Soo. 438 Chesterfield Caledonian Soc. 563 Norfolk Cal. Soc. Secretary: John Currie, 20 Arboretum Street, Nottingham. XVIII. South-Westem England-5 Clubs: 1 Membel'. 120 Bristol. 480 Falmouth. 446 Herefordshire. 535 Plymouth & District Cal. 462 Cheltenham Scottish Soc. Soc. Secretary: F. W. Whitehead, Albion Chambers, Bristol. XIX. Wales-1 Club: 1 Membel'. 444 Swansea and West Wales. XX. Ireland-8 Clubs: 1 Member. 15 Belfast. 183 Londonderry. 406 Dublin St. Andrew's Soc. Secretary : T. H. Roughead, Athelstane; 98 Galwally Park, Belfast. XXI. South Afl'ica-1 Club: 1 Membel'. 373 Red Hill, Natal. XXII. AustPalla-7 Clubs: 1 Member. 324 Stockton. 523 Highland Society of N.S. W. 511 Perth. 532 Cessnock. 521 Waratah-Mayfield. 545 Parramatta.. 566 Scottish Soo. and Burns Club of Australia. XXIII. New Zealand-2 Clubs: 1 MembeP. 4:49 Wellington. 497 St. Andrew (Wellington). 88 THE BURNS FEDERATION XXIV. Canada-11 Clubs: 1 Member. 25 Winnipeg St. .Andrew's Soc. 4 76 Border Cities (Out.) 197 Winnipeg. 501 Galt (Ont.) 303 Victoria (B.C.) St. 513 Fredericton St. Andrew's Andrew's Soc. Soc. 305 New Waterford. 561 London (Ontario). 325 Vancouver Fellowship(B.C.) 571 Edmonton. · 443 Bums Club of Victoria 575 Windsor (Ont.) Jean (B.C.) Armour. XXV. Indla-2 Clubs: 1 Member. 355 Calcutta. 560 Cawnpore Cal. Soc. XXVI. U.S.A.-28 Clubs: 2 Members. 171 Chattanooga. 412 Gary. 208 Colorado Springs. 413 San Francisco St. Andrew's 220 St. Louis. Soc. 238 Atlanta. 453 Philadelphia Ladies' 271 Trenton. Auxiliary. 284 Philadelphia. 464 Yakima Valley. 320 Troy. 493 Akron. 331 Buffalo. 498 Flint. 354 Royal Order of Scottish 507 Orange County. Claus. 518 Ye Auld Cronies, Ohio. 375 Holyoke. 525 Flint Jolly Beggars. 381 Greater New York Masonic. 557 Atlanta La.dies. 391 Waterbury. 565 Robert Burns Circle of New York. Secreta"71: James H. Baxter, 21 Bleecker Avenue, Troy, N.Y. U.S.A. XXVII. Near Bast-2 Clubs: 1 Member. 495 Baghdad Cal. Soc. 615 Abadan Cal. Soc. XXVIII. China-1 Club: 1 Member. 514 Shanghai. THE BURNS FEDERATION 89 LIST OF PAST-PRESIDENTS. 1885-1899 Provost Peter Sturrock, Kilmarnock. 1899-1906 : Provost David Mackay, Kilmarnock. 1906-1907 : David Murray, M.A., B.Sc., Kilmarnock. 1908-1909 : William Wallace, LL.D., Glasgow. 1909-1910 : Captain David Sneddon, V.D., Kilmarnock. 1910-1923 : Duncan M'Naught, LL.D., Kilmaurs. 1923-1927 : Sir Robert Bruce, D.L., LL.D., Glasgow. 1927-1930 : Sir Joseph Dobbie, S.S.C., Edinburgh. 1930-1933 : Sir Alexander Gibb, G.B.E., C.B., London. 1933-1937 : Ninian Macwhannell, F.R.I.B.A., Glasgow. List of places at which the Annual Conference of the Council has been held. 1885-93 Kilmarnock. 1915-19 Glasgow. 1894 Glasgow. 1920 London. 1895 Dundee. 1921 Dunfermline. 1896 Kilmarnock. 1922 Birmingham. 1897 Greenock. 1923 Ayr. 1898 Mauchline. 1924 Dumfries. 1899 Dumfries. 1925 Edinburgh. 1900 Kilmarnock. 1926 Perth. 1901 Glasgow. 1927 Derby. 1902 Greenock. 1928 Aberdeen. 1903 Edinburgh. 1929 Troon. 1904 Stirling. 1930 Greenock. 1905 Hamilton. 1931 Hawick. 1906 Kilmarnock. 1932 Stirling. 1907 Sunderland. 1933 London. 1908 St. Andrews. 1934 Glasgow. 1909 Dunfermline. 1935 Ayr and Kilmarnock. 1910 La.nark. 1936 Elgin. 1911 Glasgow. 1937 Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 1912 Carlisle. 1938 Dumfries. 1913 Galashiels. 1940 Glasgow. The Council did not meet in 1914 and in 1939. MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE COUNCIL BURNS HOUSE CLUB, 27 INDIA STREET, GLASGOW, 14TH SBPTBMBER, 1940. The Annual Conference of the Council of the Burns Federation was held here to-day at 3 p.m. The President, Mr. M. H. McKerrow, F.S.A.Scot., occupied the chair, and was accompanied on the platform by the other office-bearers. Apologies for absence were intimated from Sir Thomas Oliver, Newcastle-on-Tyne; Mr. Charles Carmichael, Derby; Mr. Adam Mackay, Glasgow; Mr. William Black, Dum.fries; Mr. John Currie, Nottingham; Mr. Alexander Emslie, Belfast; Mr. Thomas Findlay, Mauchline; and Mr. J. Renwick Vickers, Sunderland. The following 46 Clubs were represented by 104 delegates : No. 0, Kilmarnock; No. 1, London; No. 2, Alexandria; No. 3, Tam o' Shanter, Glasgow; No. 7, Thistle, Glasgow; No. 21, Greenock; No. 36, Rosebery, Glasgow; No. 49, Bridgeton, Glasgow; No. 50, Stirling; No. 53, Govan Fairfield; No. 68, Sandyford, Glasgow; No. 76, Brechin; No. 85, Dunfermline; No. 112, Burns Howff, Dumfries; No. 126, Falkirk; No. 139, Natiop.al, Glasgow; No. 153, Scottish, Glasgow; No. 169, Glasgow and District Burns Association; No. 181, Primrose, Glasgow; No. 184, Blairadam Shanter; No. 192, Ayrshire B.C.A.; No. 197, Winnipeg, Canada; No. 198, Gorebridge Jolly Beggars; No. 199, Newbattle and District; No. 207, Cambuslang Wingate; No. 209, Greenock St. John's; No. 218, Bannockburn Empire; No, 226, Dumfries; No. 252, Alloway; No. 355, Calcutta, India; No. 356, Burn.bank and District Masonic; No. 262, Fifeshire B.C.A.; No. 263, Glasgow Masonic; No. 295, Burns House Club, Ltd.; No. 307, Edinburgh Ayr shire Association; No. 310, Mauchline; No. 373, Red Hill, · South Africa; No. 378, Edinburgh B.C.A.; No. 399, St. Ringans; No. 467, Gilbertfield Highland Mary Ladies; No. 520, Lochlie Ladies, .Uddingston; No. 522, Glen.lee, Hamilton; No. 530, Southern Scottish Counties Association; No. 549, Bothwell Bonie Lesley Ladies; No. 567, Paisley Newtown; and No. 576, Fort Matilda. MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE 91 The President, on behalf of the Executive Committee, extended a cordial welco:µ1.e to the delegates, and especially to Miss Ann W. Camitbell of the Burns Club of London, and said- We are grateful to see so many delegates here this afternoon. I bid you all welcome to our deliberations at this annual meet ing of the Federation. We are a,11 too well aware of the unfor tunate circumstances whioh prevail and how these circum stances prevent many from being with us; we especially miss those friends from beyond the seas whose society we all enjoy so much. There are others we cannot forget. At almost every meeting of the Executive during the past year it has been my sad duty to refer to those whose active service in connec tion with our Federation or in Bur;ns circles was closed by death. I now desire to express, I am afraid very inadequately in words, the deepest sorrow we feel in the passing of those we all loved and revered, and especially one whose very pre sence and kindly disposition compelled us to reverence him as a father. We are grieved to think we shall see him no more. Ninian, or, as he liked to be called, Ringan, Macwhannell was almost 80 years old when his labours ceased, and, though years were beginning to try him, the active outlook he took in matters of general interest animated him in taking an active part in his many duties until the end. In the course of his long life, a man with his high ideals, he naturally placed his resources at tJhe disposal of the public. For several years he was a member of the Town Council of Glasgow, where his work was so much appreciated that in a comparatively short time he became the senior magistrate. By profession an architect, his attainments in his calling were widely recog nised, and his work is associated with the erection of many schools and public buildings. But it iti with his acknowledged authority on the life and works of Burns, and the services he rendered to the Federation, that we recollect him to-day. He was our President fro:µ1. 1933 to 1937, and during that time he guided and directed the work of the Federation with much dignity, consideration and forethought. His efforts in encouraging the study of works in the vernacular is well worthy of our grateful thanks, but his anthology of Scots verse entitled Oor Mither Tongue will be a lasting tribute to his memory. During his presidency he took every opportunity that came his way to give help to the production of the Scottish National .Dicti9114ry-that wonderful, entrancing store of valuable information regarding Scottish words; this, and his exertions in connection with the work entailed in the erection of the new figure of Burns at the Mausoleum are just two 92 MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE examples of fulfilling his heart's desire. A favc>Urite quota tion of our late friend was " Wha does the utmost that he can Will whyles do mair." Very often he whyles did mair, because in addition to Federa tion duties he was much sought after as a lecturer and reciter, and many a cantie hour at e'e;n he spent at ga,therings where at the close there was a spontaneous shout of '' Happy we've been a' thegither." This great-hearted Scot took a deep interest in the Jean Armour Burns Houses and in the National Burns Memorial Cottage Homes for old people at Mauchline, and like all Burns lovers considered these institutions two of the best tributes to our bard. I may ;not have known Ninian Macwhannell so intimately as many of you. I first met him on the football field, and did not meet him again until the expiry of nearly forty years. By chance we met again through Burns associations, and for some years past I have often had the privilege of meeting a true friend and wise counsellor. He played a good game at football, a;nd played a good game all his life. I need not enlarge on his virtues. I am not magni fying the reality of our loss when I say we have said good-bye to a charming gentleman with a fine personality, great strength and integrity of character, nobility of ideals and valiant indepe;ndence. Happy were those who knew this "social, kindly, honest man with heart benevolent and kind," of whom I can sincerely say : " Your eyes were eyes to see, and they saw beauty, Your ears heard music silvering the air, Your heart knew what man may know, of love, of friend ship, Of talk, of laughter, of patience in despair." Another doughty Scotsma;n and Burnsian has passed away in the person of George Morice, Honorary Secretary of the Highland Society of New South Wales. And we would remember L. G. Sloan, the one-time able and respected Presi dent of th!il Burns Club of London; Dr. John D. Ross, of New York, a prolific writer on Burns subjects, of whose books Who's Who in Bwrns and A Little Book of Burns Lore are perhaps best known; Robert Callan, a stalwart in stature and in services on our Executive; R. D. Grant M'Laren, the popular secretary of the Ninety Burns Club; and Alexander Dick Phillips, a Past-President of Nottingham Scottish Association. These friends and others whose names occur to us will long be in our minds and revered in Burns circles. " Wide o'er the naked world declare The worth we've lost.'' MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE 93 Our accustomed programme cannot be carried out, and our attention is confined to-day to the purely necessary business topics. We, however, look confidently forward to the time when we µi.ay be able to resume our full programme, especially that part of it which appeals so much to many of us. The Minutes of the Conference at Dumfries in 1938- which are printed in the Burns Olvromcle, 1939, pp. 156-168 -were held as read and were approved. The Hon. Secretary, in submitting his report for the year 1939-1940, stated tha,t the Federation's gift to the children going overseas was greatly appreciated by the children them selves, as well as tJhe Children's Overseas Reception Board. Over 400 books had already been issued, and the scheme was proceeding in spite of the enemy's cowardly attack on one of the ships carrying evacuated people. He thanked the Clubs which had taken up the League of Donors Scheme to help the Scottish National Dictionary and hoped to see a branch of the League formed in every Club by the encl of this year. HON. SECRETARY'S ANNUAL REPORT For the second time in the history of the Burns Federation two years have elapsed since our last Conference. A year ago the Bristol Caledonian Society had completed an elaborate programme for the Conference, but the outbreak of war made it necessary to postpone the meeting a,t Bristol, as was done with the London Conference in 1914:. The Executive Com mittee deemed it expedient to hold the Conference this year, but solely for the transaction of business, a:nd Glasgow was chosen as the meeting place. It is with regret that we record the loss of several pro minent Burnsians during the past year, including our esteemed Immediate Past-President, Mr. Ninian Macwhannell, F.R.l.B.A.; Mr. L. G. Sloan (London) and Mr. John D. Ross, LL.D. (New York), both Hon. Vice-Preside:nts; Provost Robert Callan, Stonehaven, a member of the Executive Com mittee; and Mr. George Morice, Hon. Secretary of the High land Society of New South Wales. MEMBERSHIP During the past year the following Clubs were affiliated : Edmonton Burns Club, Canada. Chester Caledonian Association. Croft Springside Burns Club. Holytown Blair Athole Burns Club. Windsor Jean Armour Burns Club, Canada. Fort Matilda Burns Club. 94 MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE These with the 17 Clubs and Societies enrolled during the previous year make a total of 23 affiliations since our last Conference, and there are now 301 Burns Clubs and Scottish Societies on the Roll. The new Federation Pocket Diplomas (issued at ls. each) are still in demand a.nd during the year 105 were issued. TARBOLTON BACHELORS' CLUB The work of restoration on the Tarbolton Bachelors' Club, which was acquired for the Nation by the National Trust for Scotland, was fully completed when hostilities commenced. The building has been restored as nearly as possible to its original condition, but it is not likely to be open to the public till after the war. LEGLEN WOOD MEMORIAL The Leglen Wood Memoria.l continues to be well looked after by Ayr Burns Club, who are to be congratulated on the success of t!he annual services arranged by them at the memorial. It was to be expected that the shrine to the memory of Burns and Wallace would make a special appeal this year, and there was a very large attendance at the service on 21st July last, the an:niversary of the poet's death. BALLOCHMYLE HEATHER HOUSE The mansion house of Ballochmyle and the grounds imme diately surrounding it recently passed out of the possession of the Alexander family, to become the property of a Govern ment Department. Included in the transfer is the stretch of Ballochmyle woods, where the well known Heather House marks the spot where Bur:ns met Wilhelmina Alexander, " the Bonie Lass o' Ballochmyle." It is a picturesque erection, lined with native twigs and thatched with heather, and has long been a shrine that is visited by many admirers of the poet. It is satisfactory to report that H.M. Office of Works have given an assurance that the Heather House will be respected and preserved, and have already taken the necessary steps to ensure its protection. BURNS CELEBRATIONS The taking of a collection in support of the Federation's fund for the upkeep of memorials and charitable institutions erected in memory of Burns is steadily becoming a feature of anniversary celebrations in January. While there was a decrease this year in the number of these functions, the oppor tunity was taken by various Clubs to have joint meetings, and their example might well be followed by others while hostilities last. MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE 95 "BURNS CHRONICLE " To have published the annual Burns Chronicle continuously for forty-nine years is an achievement of which the Fedora tion may well be proud. The fifteenth volume of the Second Series was issued in January last and maintained the high standard of its predecessors. The forthcoming volume is well in hand, and to avoid disappointment Club Secretaries are advised to send in their orders for copies ;not later tha,n lst Deoember. THE SCOTTISH NATIONAL DICTIONARY In January last the Federation launched its scheme to form a League of Donors to the Scottish National Dictionary, the membership of which is open to all who undertake to contribute at least one shilling annually. Considering the times the scheme has made a, good beginni;ng. If the printing of the Dictionary were to be held up for lack of funds it would be a national calamity whidh those who profess an interest in Scottish literature should do all they can to avert. At the present time there are many calls on our generosity, and it is precisely on that a,ccount that the Federation desire that the claims of the Dictionary should not be overlooked. " Wha does the utmost that he can will whvles do mair," and the modest contribution suggested will en;ure that the production of the Dictionary will prooeed in spite of the war. Over 150 branches of the League have already been formed and a total of over £200 contributed. The Executive Committee trust that a brancJh of the League will be formed in every federated Club and Society J:>y the end of the present year. SCOTTISH CLASSICS We offer our congratulations to the Saltire Society on its enterprise in issuing, in conjunction with Messrs. Oliver & Boyd, the first four volumes of Scottish Classics, a series of cheap but authoritative texts of selections from Scottish poets and writers from the 16th century onwards. The volumes just published are The Gude and Godly Ballatis; Kn-0x's History of the Reformation; Allan RamsfJ,y; and James Hogg. The design, printing and binding of the volumes are very attractive and they should appeal to all interested in Scottish literature. Their total cost is 10s. (1 ls. including postage). CHILDREN'S OVERSEAS RECEPTION SCHEME Under the Children's Overseas Reception Scheme, Scottish children are leaving their native land for distant parts of the Empire and the United States of America. This is a matter 96 MINUTES OF THE .ANNUAL CONFERENCE in which members of Burns Clubs and Scottish Societies throughout the world cannot fail to be interested. The Burns Federation is showi;ng its interest by making a gift of a copy of the Poems of Burns to each Scottish child who goes abroad under this scheme, and several hundred copies have already been issued for the children proceeding with the first contingents. Since hostilities began many CluJ>a have organised concerts and other functio;ns for the Red Cross and various war charities. Many of the members of our Clubs have answered the call and are serving in the forces. Wherever they ma,y be and in whatever capacity they may be serving, we wish them all good luck and a safe return and we confidently await the victorious issue of the conflict. In moving the adoption of the Hon. Secretary's report, the Chairman said- N otwithstanding the harassing time through which we are passing you will agree from the report that the thne of the Executive has been diligently spent. It is pleasing to note that Clubs have, generally speaking, carried on their activi ties. We trust they will use every e;ndeavour to continue doing so during the coming winter. You will observe that the restoration of the Ta,rbolton Bachelors' Club is now completed, and we await happier and more propitious times for the official opening. We have to thank Mr. James Macintyre, as well as our Secretary and the Board of Works, for the parts they respectively played in saving from possible destruction the Heather House in Ballochmyle Woods. This shrine, like other places associated with Burns a;nd bis songs, is of con siderable interest to Burnsians, and many visit the spot where " Perfection whisper'd passing by, ' Behold the lass o' Ballochmyle I ' " " However fortune kick the ha'," I hope each Club will do its utmost to encourage its members to obtain a copy of the fiftieth number of· the Okro'Tl4cle. This jubilee number will be quite as interesting as any yet published, and what can be more interesting to a Burns student during the long winter evenings than browsing over the fifty volumes of the Okromcle ! We congratulate Mr. Mc Vie on his League of Donors scheme for the Scottish National Dictionary. In these difficult times, when so many urgent calls are made on everyone's generosity, it is no mean triumph to hand to this fund over .£200. I am sure you will agree in expressing your approval of the scheme for presenting a copy of the Poems of Burns, selected by George Ogilvie, to each Scottish child who goes MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE 97 abroad under the Children's Overseas Reception Scheme. We hope that the gift of these poems will be the beginning of every one of the children taking a pleasurable interest in the poet's works and in the vernacular, and perhaps lead many to become ardent Burns students and thereby call forth genius from obscurity and place it where it may profit and delight the world. We have presented the poems of Burns to our children. It is said every German child is presented with a copy of Mein Kampf. What a difference there is in the teach ings contained in these two books I In the one we have the highest conception of love, friendship, patriotism and kind ness, whereas the other book extols cunning, fanaticism, pro fanity, mendacity, treachery and brutality. Whilst our children read these poems of Burns may we say to them- " Let no mean hope your souls enslave; Be independent, generous, brave; Your Poet such example gave, And such revere.'' As the children get older, and with further study of the poet's works, may they realise, as they read, the truth of the closing words of Lockhart's Life of Burns, that Burns left tJhem a legacy " in which there is inspiration for every fancy, and music for every mood; which lives, and will live in strength and vigour, to soothe the sorrows of how many a lover, inflame the patriotism of how many a soldier, fan the fires of how many a genius, disperse the gloom of solitude, appease the agonies of pain, encourage virtue, and show vice its ugliness a volume in which, wherever a Scotsman may wander, he will find the dearest consolation of his exile." The report was unanimously adopted. HON. TREASURER'S ANNUAL REPORT Major David Yuille submitted the annual financial state ment, which showed that the income, including the balance of £32 4s. 4d. from the previous year, amounted to £864 3s. 9d., and the balance on hand, in deposit and current accounts, after meeting all expenditure amounted to £297 18s. 2d., a decrease of £31 6s. 2d. The balance left in current account was £51 9s. 5d. The main items of income were £170 2s. from annual subscriptions, and £161 3s. from the sale of the Burns Chrorvicle. The chief item of expenditure was £236 9s. lOd. in connection with the publication of the Ohrowicle. The balance at the credit of the Scottish Litera ture Development Fund is £231 Os. ld.; the credit balance in the Joseph Laing Waugh Memorial Fund is £206 18s. 4d.; G 98 MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE and the credit balance in the Federation's Capital Fund is .£156 15s. 9d. Speaking generally oj the funds, Major Yuille pointed out that the :tna,in sources of revenue had fallen off by .£107 com pared with the previous year, while the annual subscriptions were down by .£52. This was only to be expected, as many Clubs were unable to hold their meetings owing to the war. They finished the year with a credit balance of £51. Major Yuille revealed that the original proposal of the Overseas Reception Board was that each child should be pre sented with a Bible, a Hymn Book, and a Prayer Book. The Scottish Reception Board thought tJhe English Prayer Book was of no use to a Scottish child, and suggested that the poems of Burns should replace it. The cost involved in printing the book was £187 10s., and up to date contributions totalled £124. He trusted that the Clubs would speedily contribute the outstanding balance. On the motion of Mr. William C. Cockburn, the report was unanimously adopted. The Hon. Treasurer's Balance .Sheet is printed on pp. 102-~03 of this volume. HON. EDITOR'S REPORT ON " BURNS CHRONICLE " Mr. J. C. Ewing, Hon. Editor of the Burns Ghron4cle, in submitting his report, said tJhat, although a second printing of the 1940 Chronicle had to be made, the number of copies sold showed a reduction of 500 compared with the previous year. The next issue would be the Jubilee number, but on account of the war and paper rationing, the volume would not much exceed the size of the volume for 1940. The report, which was unanimously adopted on the motion of Mr. T. B. Goudie, is printed on p. 1100 of this volume. REPORT ON SCHOOL COMPETITIONS Mr. Fred. J. Belford, submitting the report on competi tions in sdhools, said that further returns had reached him since his report was printed, and the number of pupils taking part in competitions last year was now 11,386. This he considered was quite satisfactory, in view of the abnormal conditions under which many schools hitd been working since the outbreak of the war. The report was adopted on the motion of Mr. Arthur Murray. The report is printed on p. 101 of this volume. ELECTION OF OFFICE-BEARERS On the recommendation of the Executive Committee, Mr. MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE 99 J. C. Ewing and Mr. William C. Cockburn (Glasgow) and Mr. William A. Weir (Winnipeg) were appointed Hon. Presidents; and Mr. Adam Mackay (Glasgow) was appointed an Hon. Vice-President. The present office-bearers and Hon. Auditors were re-elected, and the elections to the Executive Committee were intimated. Miss Campbell (London) gave an interesting account of tJhe activities of the Scottish Societies in London 2ince the war began. While they were unable to carry out their usual pro grammes, they were all helpi:ng magnificently in the war effort of the Metropolis, especially in giving hospitality to Scottish eoldiers passing through. Mr. James Macintyre proposed a vote of thanks to the Office-bearers, and the proceedings were concluded by the singing of the National Anthem. JOHN McVrn, Hon. Secretary ANNUAL REPORTS "BURNS CHRONICLE" The number of copies sold of the 1940 issue of the Bwrns chronicle-the fifteenth volume of the Second Series-was 1539: of these, 1476 were purchased by federated Clubs for their members and 63 by individuals or by booksellers. The number of copies sold of the 1939 volume was 2040: the figure for 1940 is thus 501 below that for tJhe preceding year. A considerable decrease in the sale of the publication was anticipated, and it is satisfactory that so many as 1539 copies were purchased at this disturbing period in our history. Of the 298 Clubs on the roll of the Federation, 126 pur chased copies of the annual. Dumfries, Calcutta, Bridgeton (Glasgow), Flint (Michigan), and Sandyford (Glasgow) Clubs continued their whole-hearted support : Dumfries Club 120 copies Calcutta Club - 112 " Bridgeton (Glasgow) Club 100 " Flint (Michigan) Club 65 " Sandyford (Glasgow) Club 50 " Mention should be made also of the following Clubs, which purchased the number of copies opposite their names : Atlanta (Georgia) Club - 44 copies Greenock Club 40 ,, Edinburgh Ayrshire Association 30 , , Scottish Club, Glasgow - 25 ,, Ayr Club 25 , , Newbattle and District Club 23 ,, Burns Club of London 20 ,, Kilmarnock Clu_b 18 ,, Rosebery Club, Glasgow - 18 ,, Stirling Club - 18 ,, Dumfries Howff Club 18 ,, Kingston (Glasgow) Club 18 ,, Mauchline Club 18 ,, St. Andrew Club, Wellington, N.Z. - 18 ,, The Ninety Club, Edinburgh - 17 ,, Ye Auld Cronies Masonic Club, Cleveland, Ohio 17 Kilbirnie Rosebery Club - 16 " St. Andrew 16 " Fredericton Soc. of " J. c. EWING, Hon. Editor SCHOOL COMPETITIONS The war has substantially affected the holdip.g of School competitions, and fewer clubs have held a competition this year. Evacuation of school children from the danger areas has caused a disorganisation of school work, and the study of the Scottish Literature ha,s necessarily been affected. In spite of difficulties, however, the response has been surprisingly good, and the quality of the work done has been well up to the standard of previous years. The figures given in the subjoined list may be taken as a minimum, as several clubs which are known to have held com petitions have not yet sent in their results. The thanks of the Burns Federation are again extended to a,ll who devote themselves to the work of organising, holding, and judging the.se annual competitions. SOHOOLS1 OOMPBTITORS1 AND PRIZBB, 1940 Book Certi School1 Comp<'titors Prizes Med&l• flcate1 Arrochar and Tarbet...... 1 80 8 Callander ...... 1 94 8 10 Dumbarton ...... 4 800 12 12 Edinburgh and District B.C.A. 44 3,608 94 36 Gourock Jolly Beggars ...... 1 38 6 2 Hamilton ...... 9 400 36 Hawick ...... 5 300 22 Irvine ...... 3 540 24 London Ayrshire ...... 10 1,000 15 New Craighall ...... 3 484 24 Newbattle and District ...... 1 250 12 3 4 Renfrewshire B.C.A ...... 17 900 36 3 30 Stirling ...... , ...... 9 450 36 Stonehaven ...... 6 55 6 6 Troon ...... I 387 17 Totals...... 115 9,386 356 14 92 FRED. J. BELFORD, H tm. Secretary of School Competition& 1 6 6 1 0 5 0 0 0 0 8 10 2 6 9 9 0 3 8 9 4 3 9 9 5 10 19 11 10 19 1 1 l 4 3 0 2 5 37 81 29 51 24 £2 236 141 246 £864 9 0 0 0 0 0 9 10 8 1 3 2 0 0 16 1 6 3 3 7 4 10 40 22 £20 £196 £101 . .. Fund- .. . .• .. Cottage .. .. 1939-40, ...... . ... ... contribu- Chain, postages,... Officials, for Ltd.-Print- Literature Houses, 1938-39, for . . Meetings, .. of ...... ... .. Editor, 1940 and Account, Account, Fees EXPENDITURE Co., Memorial Subscription, year Funds- Clubs, Burns & Memorial, Hon. Scottish of ...... ... ...... by Stationery, President's to to July, Burns Dictionary, allowance Expenses Fund, Deposit Current Committee Annual of }fary wrapping, and Hodge profit Appeal in in Armour of Tax, Affiliation Ohronicle- Charges, m. Stst tors, Homes, ing, veiling DonationP National W Capital Editor's Half Jean National From Executive General Postages, Income Burns Tra Printing Honorarium Bank Transferred Insurance Refund Balance Highland Balance ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, By ended FEDERATION 1 9 0 0 6 0 0 year 3 8 4 4 5 8 3 13 10 13 1 1 2 fol' 5 5 3 0 0 161 160 202 £329 £864 BURNS 0 9 3 0 0 0 2 9 0 0 Sheet 2 9 1 5 3 6 0 16 15 6 6 7 4 1 17 15 10 26 22 THE 242 £86 ----- £101 £170 1939- . .. .. .. .. of . . . .. ... . Balance July, Cottage ... ... .. 3lst Account, League INCOME Houses, Development . Series, Fund8- ...... ...... .. ...... Memorial Deposit Fund, for Burns First Statement, ... Diplomas, ...... ... on Chronicle, to Treasurer, Dictionary Burns Literature per Book Account, Fund, Account, Fees, due as Appeals Armour Subscription~, Index Burns Pocket Interest Donors, Homes, Fund, of of of Na.tional Scottish Capital Evacuee Current Deposit National Jean Balance General Sale Annual Arrears, Affiliation Sale Miscellaneous, Sale Bank Balances ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, To SCOTTISH LITER.A.TUBE DEVICLOPMENT FUND To Ba.lance at 3lst July, 1939, £202 6 1 By Balance in Glasgow Savings Ba.nk, Kilmarnock ,, Half Affiliation Fees for 1939-40, 3 3 0 Branch, ...... £231 0 1 ,, From profits of year 1938-39, 20 0 0 ,, Donations by Clubs, ... 1 6 0 ,, Interest to 20th November, 1939, ... 4 5 0 £231 0 l £231 0 1 CAPITAi, FUND To Balance at 3lst July, 1939, £132 4, 4 By Commission on Cheque, £0 0 6 ,, Contributions received, 1939-40, 22 0 9 ,, Balance in Dumfries Savings Bank, 156 15 9 ,, Interest to 27th January, 1940, 2 11 2 £156 16 3 £156 16 3 .JOSEPH LAING WAUGH MEMORIAL FUND To Balance at 3lst July, 1939, ... £205 15 4 By Dumfries Prize Fund, ...... £6 9 6 ,, Interest to 27th January, 1940, 7 12 6 ,, Ba.lance in Dumf~iesSavings Bank, 206 18 4 £213 7 10 I £213 7 10 (Signed) DAVID YUILLE, Hon. Tr1asur1r Signtd) JAMES MACINTYRE } Auaitor1 Kilmarnock, 2ncl August, 1940.-Examined and found oorrect, ( WILLIAM A. GOLD LIST OF THE 300 BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES ON THE ROLL OF THE BURNS FEDERATION, 1941 The Secretary of a Olub is also its " Burns Chronicle " official, unless another name and address is given 0-KILMARNOCK BURNS CLUB : instituted 1808: federated 1885: 60 members; President, Robert Armour, F.S.I.; Secretary and Treasurer, Major D. Yuille, T.D., Woodcroft, Symington, Kil marnock. 1-THE BURNS CLUB OF LONDON : instituted 1868; federated 1885; 300 members; President, Geo. S. Bonnyman; Secretary, J. Gibb Blair, C.A., 10 Southfields, London, N.W.4; Treasurer, Donald Munro, 35 Elgar Avenue, Surbiton, Surrey; Burns Chronicle official, James Abernethy, Deveron, Mayfield Drive, Novyer Hill, Pinner, Middlesex. 2-ALEXANDRIA BURNS CLUB : instituted 1884; federated 1885; 52 members; President, John Gilmour; Secretary, John Barton, 126 Middleton Street, Alexandria; Treasurer, William Dow, Donnolly, Dalmonach Road, Bonhill. 3-TAM o' SHANTER BURNS CLUB : instituted 1858; federated 1885; 130 members; President, A. Gordon ln~ram, F.C.I.S.; Secretary and Treasurer, Alexander lzat, 33 Virgmia Street, Glasgow, C.1. 4-cALLANDER BURNS CLUB : instituted 1877; federated 1885; 55 members; President, J. G. Simpson; Secretary, Alex. D. Cumming, F.E.I.S., The Schoolhouse, Callander; Treasurer, James Macdonald, Council Office, Callander. 7-THISTLE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1882; federated 1884; 45 mem bers; President, Thos. C. Smith; Secretary, John Vallance, 56 Queensborough Gardens, Glasgow, W.2; Treasurer, James Maitland, 6 Howard Street, Glasgow; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 9-ROYALTY BURNS CLUB : instituted 1882; federated 1886; 85 members; President, William Y. McCreadie; Secretary and Treasurer, P. J. Agnew, 5 Wellington Street, Glasgow; Burm Chronicle official, John MacRae, 197 Meadowpark Street, Glasgow. BURNS CLUBS AND "SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 105 10-DIDIBARTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1859; federated 1886; 83 members; President, Robert Rodger, M ..A., B.Sc.; Secretary and Treasurer, John Lithgow, Park Lea, Stirling Road, Dumbarton. 14---DUNDEE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1860; federated 1886; 30 mem bers; President, George Smith; Secretary, H. R. Paton, 37 Union Street, Dundee; Treasurer, .Alex. McLaggan, Kirk Entry, Dundee. !~BELFAST BURNS ASSOCIATION : instituted 1886; federated 1886; 274 members; President, James .Armour; Secretary, T. H. Roughead, 98 Galwally Park, Belfast; Treasurer, John Scott, 87 Malone .Avenue, Belfast. 17-NOTTINGHAM .SCOTTISH ASSOCIATION : instituted 1871 ; re-consti tuted 1902; federated 1886, re-affiliated 1903; 278 members; President, Lt.-Commander G. J. MacRuess, D.S.C., R.N.; Secre tary, James F. Speirs, 64 Harrow Road, West Bridgford, Notting ham; Treasurer, Mrs. M. I. Crowley, 12 Leahurst Road, West Bridgford; Burns Chronicle official, John Currie, 20 .Arboretum Street, Nottingham. 20-AIRDRIB BURNS CLUB : instituted 1885; federated 1886; 160 mem bers; President, John Cook Wynnes; Secretary and Treasurer, J. Campbell MacGregor, 10 Bank Street, .Airdrie. 21--GREENOCK BURNS CLUB : instituted 1801 ; federated 1886; 154 members; President, Quintin Tannock; Secretary, D. M. Fleming, 32 Robertson Street, GTeenock ; Treasurer, .A. F. Macmillan, Co=ercial Bank of Scotland Ltd., West-end Branch, Greenock. 2&--EDINBURGH BURNS CLUB : instituted 1848; federated 1886; 140 members; President, J. Mullo Weir, S.S.C., F.S. .A.Scot.; Secre tary, R. W. Stewart Gray, W.S., 3a North Saint David Street, Edinburgh, 2; Treasurer, Miss .A. M. Johnson, C . .A., 12 Granby Road, Edinburgh. 25--WINNIPEG ST. ANDREW'S SOCIETY : instituted 1870; federated 1886; 220 members; President, Robert Stevenson; Secretary, John D. McKelvie, 632 Sherburn Street, Winnipeg; Treasurer, George Paton, 200 Dromore .Avenue, Winnipeg; Burns Chronicle official, John Turnbull, 317 McDermot .Avenue, Winnipeg. 26-PERTH BURNS CLUB : instituted 1873; federated 1886; 43 members; President, Bailie .Andrew .Arthur; Secretary, J. Livingstone Milne, 4 King Edward Street, Perth; Treasurer, J. B. Monteith, Shearmont, off Jeanfield Road, Perth. 33--GLASGOW HAGGIS CLUB ; instituted 1872; federated 1886; 90 members; President, Duncan Morgan; Secretary and Treasurer, 0. Lennox Dunley, M.C., C . .A., 31 St. Vincent Place, Glasgow, C.1. 34---CARRICK BURNS CLUB : instituted 1859; federated 1887; 32 members; President, .Arthur E. Collins; Secretary and Treasurer, William .Allan, 5 Netherview Road, Netherlee, Glasgow. 106 BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 35-DALRY (AYRSmRE) BURNS CLUB : instituted 1825; federated 1887; 65 members; President, William Ramsay; Joint Secretaries, James D. Gordon, Solicitor, Dairy, and William Wilson, M ..A.; Treasurer, James D. Gordon; Burns Chronicle official, William Wilson, M.A., Northfield, Dairy. 36-ROSEBERY BURNS CLUB : instituted 1885; federated 1887; 150 members; President, .Andrew Dunn; Secretary, A. W. Alexander, 45 Jura Street, Glasgow, S.W.2; Treasurer, Wm. McMinn, 11 Millbrae Crescent, Glasgow, S.2; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 37-DOLLAR BURNS CLUB : instituted 1887; federated 1887; 41 members; President, J. G. Shirreffs; Secretary, Peter Mitchell, 22 Cairnpark Street, Dollar; Treasurer, John Muckersie, Station Road, Dollar. 40-ABERDEEN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1887; federated 1889 ; 97 members; President, George Mutch; Secretary, Frank Robertson, 15 Wallfield Place, Aberdeen; Treasurer, Miss Anne M. Stewart, 32 Schoolhill, Aberdeen; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 44-FORFAR BURNS CLUB : instituted 1891; federated 1891; 153 mem bers ; President, James N. Strachan; Secretary and Treasurer, Norman W. Awburn, 33 Lour Road, Forfar. 45-cUMNOCK BURNS CLUB : instituted 1887; federated 1891; 60 members; President, Andrew Taylor; Se?retary, James Welsh, M.A., LL.B., The Holm, Cumnock, Ayrshire; Treasurer, Hunter M. Connell, Hillcrest, Cumnock. 48-PAISLEY BURNS CLUB : instituted 1805; federated 1891; 31 mem bers; President, Henry S. Brown; Secretary and Treasurer, J. B. McGlashan, W.S., 10 St. James Street, Paisley. 49-BRIDGETON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1870; federated 1891; 1400 members; President, William C. Faulds, J.P.; Secretary, John G. S. Sproll, 3 Royal Exchange Square, Glasgow, C.1; Treasurer, David S. Brown, 569 London Road, Glasgow, S.E. 50-STIRLING BURNS CLUB : instituted 1886; federated 1892; 130 members; President, Robert Graham; Secretary, Alexander Dun, 25 Port Street, Stirling; Treasurer, James P. Crawford, 68 Port Street, Stirling; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 53--Gov AN FAffiFIELD BURNS CLUB : instituted 1886; federated 1891 ; 40 members; President, Andrew McGarva; Secretary, Thomas Fullarton, c/o Davidson, 946 Govan Road, Glasgow, S.W.1; Treasurer, Wm. Bates, 17 Holmfauldhead Drive, Glas~w, S.W.1. 55-DERBY SCOTTISH ASSOCIATION AND BURNS CLUB : instituted 1890; federated 1893; 250 members; President, J. M. Campbell; Secretal'ies, W. M. Wylie and R. B. Meikle, 12 Kedleston Road, Allestree, near Derby; Treasurer, R. McAuley, 165 Kedleston Road, Derby. BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOC'IETIES 107 56-MumKIRK LAPRAIK BURNS CLUB : instituted 1893; federated 1893; 20 members; President, William Brown; Secretary and Treasurer, George Willock, 12 Main Street, Muirkirk. 59-GOUROCK JOLLY BEGGARS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1893; federated 1893; 96 members; President, Donald F. Stewart; Secretary, Lachlan A. Osborne, 5 McCallum Crescent, Gourock; Treasurer, Wm. R. Drummond, 63 Shore Street, Gourock; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 62-cuPAR BURNS CLUB : instituted 1893; federated 1893; 85 members; President, Sheriff Dudley Stuart; Secretary, William Wilson, Westlands, Cupar, Fife; Treasurer, D. S. Fraser, National Bank, Cupar, Fife. 68-SANDYFORD BURNS CLUB : instituted 1893; federated 1894; 526 members; President, James T. Wotherspoon; Secretary and Treasurer, S. W. Love, The British Linen Bank, Knightswood Branch, 1986 Great Western Road, Glasgow, W.3; Burns Chronicle official, Councillor W. Graham Greig, Vice-President, .Avenue House, Balshagray Avenue, Glasgow, W.1. 71-CARLISLE BURNS CLUB: federated 1895; President, H. P. Baynham; Secretary, J. J. Bell, 52 Scotland Road, Carlisle; Treasurer, T. G. Cowan, 23 Chatsworth Square, Carlisle. 74-NATIONAL BURNS MEMORIAL AND COTTAGE HOMES, MAUCHLINE : federated 1895; President, Lieut.-Colonel A. D. Maclnnes Shaw, D.S.O., J.P., D.L.; Secretary, David J. S. Harvey, 65 Renfield Street, Glasgow; Treasurer, H. Plant Alexander, The Cottage, Eaglesham Park, Renfrewshire; Burns Chronicle official, R. T. Stewart, Stair, .Ayrshire. 75-KIRN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1892; federated 1896; President, Capt. Stevenson; Secretary and Treasurer, Frank Tyson, Wood burn Cottage, Kirn, Argyll. 76-BRECHIN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1894; federated 1896; 75 members; President, James S. Kinghorn; Secretary and Trea surer, George Cumming, J.P., Lindsay Lane, Brechin. 79-coRSTORPHINE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1887; federated 1896; 80 members; Chairman, .A. 0. Melrose; Secretary and Treasurer, Robert C. Heatlie, 5b Featherhall .Avenue, Corstorphine, Edin burgh, 12. 82-ARBROATH BURNS CLUB : instituted 1888; federated 1896; 80 mem bers; President, Neil Robertson; Secretary, John Joss, 36 Victoria Street, .Arbroath; Treasurer, Neil Robertson, North of Scotland Bank, Arbroath; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 85-DUNFERMLINE UNITED BURN.S CLUB : instituted 1812; federated 1896; 74 members; Secretary, D. Thomson Kennedy, Douglas Street, Dunfermline; Treasurer, Wm. Walker, Commercial Bank, Dunfermline; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 108 BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 8~SUNDERLAND BURNS CLUB : instituted 1897; federated 1897; 60 members; President, H. E. Coates; Secretary, M. Neilson, 14 Percy Terrace, Sunderland; Treasurer, Coun . .A. W. Semple, 105 Dunelm, S. Durham Road, Sunderland. 91-SHJ:TTLESTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1897; federated 1897; President, Dr. James Dunlop; Secretary, William Hunter, 110 Carntynehall Road, Glasgow, E.2; Treasurer, Peter Downs, 629 Sandyhills Road, Glasgow. 96-JEDBURGH BURNS CLUB : instituted 1869; federated 1897; 50 members; President, Councillor Andrew Moncur; Secretary and Treasurer, .Andrew 0. Clarkson, 11 The Bountrees, Jedburgh. 100-HAMILTON MOSSGIEL BURNS CLUB : instituted 1892; federated 1898; 30 members; President, Thomas J. Barnard; Secretary, Robert Moffat, Leemoor, 348 Hamilton Road, Motherwell; Trea surer, William R. Brown, Peacock Cross Post Office, Hamilton. 108-EAST CALDER AND DISTRICT JOLLY BEGGABS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1897; federated 1899; 86 members; President, John M. Wardlaw; Secretary, .Alex. Henderson, 37 Langton Road, East Calder; Treasurer, James Glasgow, Main Street, East Calder. 112---DUMFRIES BURNS HOWFF CLUB : instituted 1888; federated 1898; 113 members; President, William G. McConnell; Joint-Secre taries, Neil Little, 4 Cumberland Street, Dumfries and George C. Crosbie, 1 Henry Place, Dumfries; Treasurer, T. H. McConnell, 95 Brooms Road, Dumfries; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 120-BRISTOL CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1820; federated 1900; 284 members; President, J. E. Barbour; Secretary and Treasurer, F. W. Whitehead, .Albion Chambers, Bristol. 121-HAMILTON JUNIOR BURNS CLUB: instituted 1886; federated 1901; 30 members; President, William Wilson; Secretary and Trea surer, J. H. Cameron, 21 Morris Street, Hamilton. 124-THE NINETY BURNS CLUB : instituted 1890; federated 1902: 200 members; President, F. C. Budge; Secretary, George Runcie, 14 Wilfrid Terrace, Edinburgh; Treasurer, J. H. Ha_yhoe, 21 Frederick Street, Edinburgh; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 125-BLACKBURN-ON-ALMOND BURNS CLUB : instituted 1897; federated 1902; 30 members; President, James W. Sangster; Secretary, George Millar, 1 Mosshall Place, Blackburn, by Bathgate, West Lothian: Treasurer, Robert Savage, .Almond Inn, Blackburn, by Bathgate. 126-FALKIRK BURNS CLUB : inRtituted 1866: federated 1902: 200 mem bers; President, Dr. W. J. Logie; Secretary and Treasurer, R. H. Menzies, Princes Street, Falkirk. 133-NEWARTHILL BUB.NB CLUB : instituted 1903; federated 1904; 35 members; President, Robert Parker; Secretary, John Henshaw, 194 High Street, Newarthill, by Motherwell; Treasurer, .Alexander Maxwell, 171 High Street, N ewarthill BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 109 135--PAR'.l.'ICK WESTERN BURN.S CLUB : instituted 1903: federated 1904; 100 members: President, John Hunter: Secretary and Treasurer, W. J. Menzies, 721 Dumbarton Road, Glasgow, W.l. 139-NATIONAL BURNS CLUB, LTD. : instituted 1904; federated 1904; 110 members: President, Thomas W. Drysdale; Secretary and Treasurer, George F. Howarth, 68 Bath Street, Glasgow, C.2. 149-ELGIN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1905: federat.ed 1905; President, • John Wittet; Secretary and Treasurer, William Wittet, Elgin. 152-THE HAMILTON BURNS CLUB : institut.ed 1877: fedArat,ed 1906: 150 members; President, Henry A. Rankin, F.S.I.; Secretary, Lieut. Col. Alex. Cullen, T.D., F.R.I.B.A., 92 Cadzow Street, Hamil ton; Treasurer, Col. W. Martin Kay, C.M.G., Bank of Scotland Chambers, Hamilton. 153---scoTTISH BURNS CLUB : instituted 1904; federated 1906; 300 mem bers; President, James Adair; Secretary and Treasurer, J. Kevan McDowall, F.S.A.Scot., 115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow. 156-NEWCASTLE AND TYNESIDE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1864; federated 1906; 150 members; President, Sir John Maxwell, C.M.G.; Secretary and Treasurer, F. Ferry, Lloyds Bank, Westgate Road, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 4. 157-BAILLIESTON CALEDONIAN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1901; federated 1906; President, John Scobbie; Secretary, Andrew Swan, 6 Maxwell Street, Baillieston; Treasurer, Donald McFarlane, 35 Main Street, Baillieston; BurnB Chronicle official, Treasurer. 158-DARLINGTON BURNS ASSOCIATION : instituted 1906; federated 1906; 130 members; President. David Stevenson; Secretary, Alexander Furness, 3 The Rise, Woodvale Road, Darlington; Financial Secretary, Wm. R. Vickerton, 25 High Row, Darlington. 160-wHITBURN BURN.s CLUB: Secretary, William Ramsay, 21 Manse Avenue, Wbitburn, West Lothian. 161---cHARLESTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1905; federated 1906; 50 members; President, William Carruth; Secretary and Treasurer, Archibald Thomson, 14 Espedair Street, Paisley; Burns Chronicle official, Andrew Shannon, 108 N eileton Road. 165-wALLSEND BURNS CLUB : instituted 1887; federated 1907; 50 members: President, James Sanderson: Secretary, G Pringle, 3 Rochdale Street, Wallsend; Treasurer, G. Gibbs, 21 Briarwood Crescent, Walkerville, Newcastle. 167-BmMINGHAM AND MIDLAND SCOTTISH SOCIETY : instituted 1888; federated 1907: 491 membns: PreRident, G. M. Findlay: Secre tary, F. J. Young, 84 Colmore Row, Birmingham, 3: Trea surer, Robert McKenzie, 50 Stirling Road, Edgbaston, Birming ham; BurnB Chronicle official, Treasurer. 16D-GLASGOW AND DISTRICT BURN.S ASSOCIATION : instituted 1907; federated 1908; President, Alexander H. Fairley; Secretary, Andrew Stenbouse, LL.B., 183 West George Street, Glasgow, C.2; Treasurer, A. Neil Campbell, F.C.C.S., 10 Lothian Gardens, Glasgow, N.W.; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 110 BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 171-CHATTANOOGA BURNS SOCIETY : instituted 1907; federated 1908; President, Milton B. Ochs; Secretary and Treasurer, Col. R. B. Cooke, James Building, Chattanooga, Tennessee, U.S.A. 173-mvINE BURNS CLUB: instituted 1826; federated 1908; 290 mem bers; President, James Porter, M.A.; Secretary, Robert Stewart, M.A., 2 Park Terrace Kilwinning Road, Irvine; Treasurer, R. F. Longmuir, C.B.E., Rosevilfe, Irvine; BurnB Chronicle official, Treasurer. 181-PRIMROSE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1901; federated 1909; 91 members; President, George Thomson; Secretary and Treasurer, George Calderwood, 151 Tantallon Road, Glasgow, S.l. 183-LONDONDERB.Y BURNS CLUB AND CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1907; federated 1909; 36 members; President, George Sidebottom; Secretary, William A. Dickie, 32 Great James Street, London derry, N. Ireland; Treasurer, John Murray_, Glencairn, Aber foyle Crescent, Londonderry; BurnB Ohronicte official, Geo. P. Findlay, 37 Marlborough Street, Londonderry. 184--BLAIRADAM SHANTER BURNS CLUB : instituted 1907; federated 1909; 20 members; President, Robert Rutherford; Secretary, Thomas C. Anderson, Rowan Cottage, Main Street, Kelty, Fife; Trea surer, Robert Cargill, Station Cottages, Kelty. 190-PORT-GLASGOW BURNS CLUB : instituted 1910; federated 1910 ; 40 members; President, Joseph Brown; Secretary and Treasurer, Cornelius Young, Benclutha, Clune Brae, Port-Glasgow. 192-AYRSHIRE ASSOCIATION OF FEDERATED BURNS CLUBS : instituted 1908; federated 1910; 19 clubs; President, James Dunlop; Secretary and Treasurer, John M. Irving, 7 Middlemas Drive, Kilmarnock:. 196-MID-ARGYLL BURNS CLUB : instituted 1909; federated 1910; President, Dr. ·J. A. C. Guy; Secretary and Treasurer, Ja.mes M. Munro, Union Bank of Scotland Ltd., Ardrishaig. 197-WINNIPEG BURNS CLUB : instituted 1905; federated 1911; 60 members; President, Robert Lennox; Secretary, Robert A. Sloan, 150 Garfield Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Treasurer, P. Burnside, 266 Simcoe Street, Winnipeg. 198-GoREBRIDGl!l TWENTY-FIVE JOLLY BEGGARS BURNS CLUB: instituted 1906 ; federated 1911 ; 37 members; President, Alexander J uner, jun.; Secretary, Thomas Rutherford, 27 The Crescent, Gowks hill, Newtongranse; Treasurer, James Arthur, 2 Dundas Terrace, Arniston, GOrebr1dge. 199-NEWBATTLE AND DISTRICT BURNS CLUB : instituted 1910; federated 1911; 120 members; President, James Brown; Secretary, Robert Lauder, 19 Lothian Terrace, N ewtongrange, Midlothian ; Trea surer, George Temple, 1 Park Road, Newtongrange, Midlothian. 207-CAMBUSLANG WINGATE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1908 ; federated 1912; 15 members; President, George Anderson ; Secretary, John Thomson, 21 Gilbertfield Road, Cambuslang; Treasurer, Robert Dalrymple, 14 Church Street, Cambuslang. BURNS CLUBS AND ,SCOTTISH SOCIETIES Ill 208-coLORADO SPRINGS AND DISTRICT CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1897; federated 1912; 12 members; President, John Ferguson; Secretary, John B. Wemyss, 1720 N. El Paso Street, Colorado Springs, Colorado, U.S.A.; Treasurer, Chas. S. Hamilton, c/o Enterprise Tent and Awning Co., Colorado Springs, Colorado, U.S.A. 209-GREENOCK ST. JOHN'S BURNS CLUB : instituted 1909; federated 1912 ; 75 members ; President, Neil Black ; Secretary, John Campbell, 33 Lyle Street, Greenock; Treasurer, Thomas Moodie, 13 Holmscroft Street, Greenock. 212-PORTOBELLO BURNS CLUB : instituted 1892; federated 1913; 74 members; President, R. M. Cavaye; Secretary, J. M. Bell, 38 Durham Sq,uare, Portobello, Midlothian; Treasurer, A. Harris Horne, British Linen Bank, Portobello, Midlothian; Burns Ohronicle official, Treasurer. 213-KINGSTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1912; federated 1913; 90 mem bers; President, Robert Armour; Secretary, Alex. H. Fairley, 51 Pollok Street, Glasgow, C.5; Treasurer, Alex. C. Smith, 150 Arisaig Drive, Glasgow, S. W.2; Burns Ohronicle official, Mrs. J. Somerville, 124 Pollok Street, Glasgow, C.5. 217-ESKDALE BURNS CLUB : federated 1913; 43 members; President, R. S. Morrison; Secretary and Treasurer, W. Mitchell, Eskdale I.D. Hospital, Langholm. 218-BANNOCKBURN EMPmE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1912 ; federat.:id 1913; 30 members; President, Wm. Wark; Secretary and Trea surer, Andrew McGilchrist, 18 Bruce Street, Bannockburn. 220-BURNS CLUB OF ST. LOUIS : instituted 1908; federated 1913; 30 members; President, Rev. John W. Macivor; Secretary and Treasurer, David L. Grey, 506 Olive Street, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. 225-HELENSBURGH BURNS CLUB : instituted 1911; federated 1913; 100 members; President, Robert Brown; Secretary, Thomas Ferguson, 104 West Priuces Street, Helensburgh; Treasurer, Alex. Goodlet, 45 East Princes Street, Helensburgh. 226-DUMFRmS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1820; federated 1913; 120 members; President, David O'Brien; Secretary and Treasurer, J. A. Gibson, 16 Church Crescent, Dumfries. 236-WHITEHAVEN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1914; federated 1914; 60 members; President, Frank Kerr; Secretary and Treasurer, Duncan Jamieson, 20 Lowther Street, Whitehaven. 237-UDDINGSTON MASONIC BURNS CLUB : instituted 1914; federated 1914; 30 members; President, Alexander Adams; Secretary and Treasurer, David N. Miller, 41 Glen Road, Springboig, Shettleston. 238-BURNS CLUB OF ATLANTA (GEORGIA) : instituted 1896; federated 1914; 52 members; President, Knox Walker; Secretary, Dr. Robert E. Latta, 1217 Medical Arts Building, 384 Peachtree Street, Atlanta, Geor~ia, U.S.A.; Treasurer, Eugene F. King, 10 Pryor Street Buildmg, Atlanta. 112 BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 239-HAWICK BURNS CLUB : instituted 1878; federated 1914; 375 mem bers; President, Alexander Charters; Secretary, Adam Darling, 14 Cheviot Road, Hawick; Treasurer, Alex. Pringle, 14 Welling ton Street, Hawick. 242-MONTROSE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1908; federated 1915; 100 members; President, James Christison; Secretary and Treasurer, Duncan Fraser, 66 High Street, Montrose. 244-DALMUIR BURNS CLUB : instituted 1914; federated 1916; 80 mem bers; President, Wm. Boyle; Secretary and Treasurer, John R. S. Lockhart, 41 E. Thomson Street, Clydebank. 250-coWDENBEA'.l.'H TAM o' BRANTER BURNS CLUB: instituted 1917; federated 1917; 20 members; President, John Duff; Secretary, William Easton, 2 Prospect Street, Cowdenbeath, Fife ; Trea surer, George Moffat, 162 Faulford Road, Cowdenbeath, Fife. 252-ALLOWAY BURNS CLUB : instituted 1908; federated 1918; 78 members; President, William Reid, F.I.A.A.; Secretary and Treasurer, W. B. Campbell, Alloway Schoolhouse, Ayr. 254-GREENOCK VICTORIA BURNS CLUB : instituted 1915; federated 1918; 60 members; President, Alexander Burns; Secretary, Alexander McKirdy, 56 Belville Street, Greenock; Treasurer, David Clark, 12 Octavia Cottages, Greenock. 262-FIFESHIRE BURNS ASSOCIATION : instituted 1919; federated 1919; President, Mrs. Ja.mes Reid; Secretary, Thomas C. Anderson, Rowan Cottage, Ma.in Street, Kelty, Fife; Treasurer, Wm. Easton, Prospect Place, Kirkford, Cowdenbeath, Fife. 263--GLASGOW MASONIC BURNS CLUB : instituted 1918; federated 1919; 150 members; President, Alex. Fraser, M.C.; Secretary and Treasurer, Carleton H. Smyth, 29 Lansdowne Crescent, Glasgow, N.W. 266-NEWTON JOLLY BEGGARS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1910; federated 1920; 10 members; President, Wm. Mcintosh; Secretary, A. Lightbody, 60 Pitt Street, Newton, Cambuslang; Treasurer, Thos. Hynd, 30 Dunlop Street, Newton, Cambuslang. 271--TRENTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1919; federated 1920; 24 mem bers; President, Andrew Carmichael; Secretary, Robert Cunningham, 718 Hoffman Avenue, Trenton, New Jersey, U.S.A.; Treasurer! David Wa11gh, 222 Parkway Avenue, Tren ton; Burm Chronicle official, President. 274--TRooN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1920; federated 1922; 120 mem bers; President, J. T. Young; Secretary, Robert Wallace, Drum lanrig, Dallas Place, Troon ; Treasurer, John Bell, British Linen Bank, Troon. 275--AYR BURNS CLUB : instituted 1886; federated 1920; 250 members; President, Carl Smith; Secretary, D. J. Willison, Oearholm, Doonfoot, Ayr; Treasurer, John Neill, 70 St. Leonarda Road, Ayr. BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 113 282-GLASGOW AND DISTRICT BURNS CLUBS' BOWLING ASSOCIATION : instituted 1899: federated 1920: President, John Dunlop: Secre tary and Treasurer, David Mackin, 3 Millikin Place, Kilbarchan, Renfrewshire. 283-SINCLAIRTOWN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1920; federated 1920; 32 members; President, James D. Henderson; Secretary, John D. Bease, 1 Dysart Road, Kirkcaldy; Treasurer, George S. Nicol, 198a St. Clair Street, Kirkcaldy. 284-PHILADELPHIA NORTHEASTERN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1896; federated 1921; 65 members; President, Ja.mes Haugh; Secretary, Harry Mulholland, 6146 Gillespie Street, Philadelphia; Financir.l Secretary, Alex. MacDonald, 4203 E. Barnett Street, Phila delphia; Treasurer, Robert Smith; Burns Okronicle official, Financial Secretary. 288--BEITH CALEDONIA BURNS CLUB : instituted 1911; federated 1921; 26 members; President, S. McCutcheon; Secretary and Treasurer, Allan Gilmour, Muir Park, Beith. 290--BLANTYRE AND DISTRICT MASONIC BURNS CLUB : instituted 1920; federated 1921 ; 50 members; President, David C. Pender; Secre tary, Joseph S. Dillon, 126 Station Road, Blantyre; Treasurer, Alexander Stephen, 18 Cemetery Road, High Blantyre. 292-GRAHAMSTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1920; federated 1921; 40 members; President, William P. Turnbull; Secretary, Robert Mackie, 91 Main Street, Bainsford, Falkirk; Treasurer, John S. Mcinnes, 23 Carronside Street, Falkirk; Burns Okronicle official, Treasurer. 293-NEWCRAIGHALL DISTRICT POOSEY NANCY BURNS CLUB: instituted 1921 ; federated 1921; 36 members; President, Andrew King; Secretary, Thos. Sneddon, 16 Avenue Square, Newcraighall, Musselburgh ; Treasurer, Robt. B. Brown, 15 Park Terrace, New craighall, Musselburgh; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 295---Tm: BURNS HOUSE CLUB, LIMITED : instituted 1920; federated 1921; 102 members; President, Alexander Izat; Secretary and Treasurer, J. McClymont Wylie, C.A., 166 Buchanan Street, Glasgow, C.l. 296-WALSALL BURN,s CLUB : instituted 1900; federated 1922; 61 mem bers ; President, Dr. R. U. Gillan ; Secretary, Dr. D. M. Macmillan, Great Barr Park Colony, Birmingham, 22; Trea surer, Alderman W. D. Forsyth, Lloyds Bank Chambers, Walsall. 303-VICTORIA ST. ANDREW'S AND CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1872; federated 1922; 106 members; President, James Berwick; Secre. tary, Miss Georgina Mackay, 1360 McNair Street, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; Treasurer, Mrs. Dirom, 830 Princess Avenue, Victoria, British Columbia. 305--NEW WATERFORD BURNS CLUB, CANADA : federated 1922, re affiliated 1938; Secretary, W. R. Cameron, 417-lOth Street, New Waterford, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada. H 114 BURNS CLUBS .AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 307-EDINBURGH AYRSHmE ASSOCIATION : instituted 1914; federated 1922; 232 members; President, Henry Barton; .Actin~-Secretary and Treasurer, John McVie, 13 Hillside Crescent, Edmburgh, 7. 309--ANNAN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1910; federated 1923; 120 mem bers; President, Councillor Wm. J. McKay; Secretary, Oswald R. Dykes, 4 Station Road, .Annan; Treasurer, Richard Minto, Eversley, .Annan. 310-MAUCHLINE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1923; federated 1923; 80 members; President, J. Kevan McDowall; Secretary, James Dunlop, Oakbank, Mauchline, Ayrsliire; Treasurer, Wm. Whitelaw, 55 Loudoun Street, Mauchline. 314-scOTTISH BURNS CLUB (EDINBURGH) : instituted 1920; federated 1923; 110 members; President, F. J. Belford, M.A.; Secretary, J. M. Houston, 75 Warrender Park Road, Edinburgh, 9; Trea surer, John F. Rattray, 29 Upper Gray Street, Edinburgh. 319-FISHERROW MASONIC BURNS CLUB : instituted 1924; federated 1924; 20 members; President, John Robb; Secretary and Trea surer, John Heron, 33 Wellington Stre-et, Portobello. 320-TROY BURNS CLUB : instituted 1903; federated 1924; 175 members; President, John T. Campbell; Secretary, James H. Baxter, 21 Bleecker Avenue, Troy, New York, U.S.A.; Treasurer, William Miller; Burns Chronicle official, John R. Phillips. 323--KmKCUDBRIGHT BURNS CLUB : federated 1924; 71 members; President, Sheriff James W. Forbes; Secretary and Treasurer, Norman C. Macmillan, 32 St. Cuthbert Street, Kirkcudbright. 324-STOCKTON (N.s.w.) BURNS CLUB: instituted 1923; federated 1924; 40 members; President, William J. Sands; Secretary, William Hamilton, 102 Dunbar Street, Stockton, New South Wales, Aus tralia; Treasurer, Mrs. M. James, 51 Fullerton Street, Stockton. 325--v• ANCOUVER BURNS FELLOWSHIP : instituted 1924; federated 1924; President, John Crawford; Secretary and Treasurer, Miss Jean Carrick, 497 Tenth Avenue East, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. 326--BINGRY JOLLY BEGGARS LADIES' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1924; federated 1924; 50 members; President, Mrs. J. Wood; Secre· tary, Mrs. M. Purdie, Ballengry Place, Lochore, Fife; Treasurer, Mrs. M. Dow, 170 Waverley Cottages, Lochore, Fife. 327-PERTH ST. MARK'S BURNS CLUB : instituted 1924; federated 1924; 40 members; President, Rev. P.R. Landreth; Secretary, William Smith, 4 Hawarden Terrace, Jeanfield, Perth; Treasurer, David McRae, 33 Glover Street, Craigie, Perth. 329-NEWARK AND DISTRICT CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1923; federated 1924; 90 members; President, Conn. Dr. P. Kinmont, J.P.; Secretary, James R. Henderson, 14 Winchilsea Avenue, Newark; Treasurer, lain McCrea, 13 Milner Street, Newark. BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH 800IETIES U5 330-GLENCRAIG BONNIE JEAN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1925 j federated 1925; 20 members; President, Mrs. John McCormack; Secretary, Mrs. John Lynas, Burns Cottages, Crosshill, Glencraig, Fife; Treasurer, Mrs. W. Justice, 7 Benarty Avenue, Crosshill, Glen craig; Burns Chronicle official, Mrs. John Carson, 110 North Glencraig, Glencraig. 331-BUFFALO ROBERT BURNS SOCIETY : instituted 1913; federated 1925 j 68 members; President, Thomas Caddle; Secretary, John 0. Henderson, 30 Dunlop Avenue, Buffalo, New York, U.S.A.; Treasurer, Alexander McGarva, 53 Montieth Avenue, Buffalo, New York_ 336-PETERHEAD BURNS CLUB : instituted 1826; federated 1925; 130 members; President, Professor David Campbell; Secretary, John A. S. Glennie, 21 Broad Street, Peterhead; Treasurer, Nat. Barclay, Springfield, Peterhead. 338-DALKEITH AND DISTRICT BURNS CLUB : instituted 1925; federated 1925; 50 members; President, D. McLean; Secretary, W. L. Anderson, 83 Woodburn Drive, Dalkeith; Treasurer, J. Forrest, Victoria Bar, High Street, Dalkeith. 341-LEITH BURNS CLUB : instituted 1826; federated 1925; 30 members; President, James H. Tait; Secretary, J. S. Mackie, 6 Hope Street, Leith; Treasurer, James M. Cleugh, 6 Hope Street, Leith; Burns Chronicle official, R. J. Peat, M.A., 3 Elliot Place, Edinburgh, 11. 345--DENBEATH AND DISTRICT BURNS CLUB : instituted 1925; federated 1925, re-affiliated 1938; 34 members; President, Robert Hudson; Secretary, David T. Paton, 46 West High Street, Buckhaven, Fife. 346--oAKBANK MOSSGIEL BURNS CLUB : instituted 1923; federated 1925; 200 members; President, Robt. Jamieson; Secretary, Jas. Ovens, 20 Oakbank, Mid Calder; Treasurer, Thos. McLuckie, Oakbank, Mid Calder. 348--NEWTON JEAN ARMOUR BURN·S CLUB : instituted 1924 j federated 1925; 19 members; President, Mrs. P_ Davie; Secretary, Mrs. C. Gilmour, 23 Clyde Street, Newton, Hallside; Treasurer, Mrs J. Farrell, 11 Leighton Place, Newton, Hallside. ~MARKINCH BURNS CLUB : instituted 1899 j federated 1925 j 160 members; President, Dr. A. S. Gordon; Secretary and Treasurer, James Carnegie, 2 Mitchell Place, Markinch. 352-GRANGEMOUTH BURNS CLUB : instituted 1922; federated 1926; 90 members; Presiden~ William Aitken; Secretary and Treasurer, R. C. Thomson, 20.:i Bo'ness Road, Grangemouth. 354--ROYAL CLAN, ORDER OF SCOTTISH CLANS : instituted 1878 j federated 1926; President, Duncan Macinnes; Secretary, Thomas R. P. Gibb, 150 Causeway Street, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.; Treasurer, William Reid, P.O. Box 785, City Hall Station, New York, N.Y. 116 BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 355-CALCUTTA BURNS CLUB: instituted 1926; federated 1926; 97 mem bers; President, J. R. Walker; Secretary, W, F. Howe, c/o Bird & Co., Post Box 46, Calcutta, India; Treasurer, A. Low, c/o Bird & Co., Post Box 46, Calcutta. 356-BURNBANK AND DISTRICT MASONIC BURNS CLUB : instituted 1926; federated 1926; 80 members; President, Alexander Hunter; Secretary, Mrs. J. Brown, Everton Street, Half-Way, Cambus lang; Treasurer, Mrs. R. Prentice, Westlea, 1 Reid Street, Burnbank. 36;>-BARROW ST. ANDREW'S SOCIETY : instituted 1878; federated 1926; 130 memhers: :President, J. Callander: Secretary, W. J. Liddle, F.R.C.S.Ed~ Abbey Road, Barrow-in·Furne~s; Treasurer, R. M. Robertson, lJunedin, 21 Grantley Road, Barrow-in-Furness. 365-cATRINE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1925; federated 1926; 32 mem bers ; President, James Meikle ; Secretary and Treasurer, J. Wallace Paterson, .Ayrbank Cottage, Catrine. 366-LIVERPOOL ROBERT BURNS CLUB : instituted 1925; federated 1926; 200 members; President, R. M. B. J\facKenna, M.A., M.D ..; Secretary, Hamish Rae, 30 Rodney Street, Liverpool; Treasurer, D. Crosbie Wright, .A.L . .A.A., Quatre Bras, St. .Andrew's Road, Bebington, Cheshire. 367-DORNOCH BURNS CLUB : instituted 1912; federated 1927, re affiliated 1938; Treasurer, R . .A. Murray, High Street, Dornoch. 372--BAILLIESTON JEAN ARMOUR BURNS CLUB : instituted 1926; federated 1927; 90 members; President, Mrs. Jessie Kerr; Secretary, Mrs. J. Chalmers, 75 Nelson Street, Baillieston; Treasurer, Mrs. S. Linton, Camp Road, Baillieston. 37;>-RED HILL BURNS CLUB : instituted 1921; federated 1927; 66 mem bers: Secretary and Treasurer, Harry Elliott, 50 Clyde Road, Red Hill, Natal, South Africa. 375-HOLYOKE CALEDONIAN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1926; federated 1927; 54 members; President, Charles Lovie; Secretary, Andrew Dougherty, 10 Glen Street, Holyoke, Massachusetts, U.S.A.; Treasurer, Jamee Nicol, 19 Liberty Street, Easthampton, Massa chusetts; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 377-KILBIRNIE ROSEBERY BURNS CLUB : instituted 1906; federated 1927; 32 members ; President, Samuel Cathcart ; Secretary and Trea surer, William Shaw, Corra Linn, Kilbirnie. 378--EDINBURGH DISTRICT BURNS CLUBS' ASSOCIATION : instituted 1925; federated 1927; 12 clubs; President, John McVie; Secretary, Fred. J. Belford, M.A., 3 Park Grove, Liberton, Edinburgh, 9; Treasurer, Alexander Horne, F.E.I.S., 49 Brunstane Road, Portobello, Midlothian. 379-THE HARTLEPOOLS BURN.S CLUB : instituted 1926; federated 1927' re-affiliated 1936; 60 members; President, Dr. Jean Hedley; Secretary, Robert P. Hay, 69 Belmont Gardens, West Hartle pool; Treasurer, James Lackie, 37 Percy Street, West Hartlepool. BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 117 380---FALKIRK CROSS KEYS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1926; federated 1927; 47 members; President, Alexander Balloch ; Secretary, David S. McGilchrist, 15 Kennard Street, Falkirk; Treasurer, John Rae, Main Street, Bainsford, Falkirk. 381--GREATER NEW YORK MASONIC BURNS CLUB : instituted 1927; fede rated 1927; 150 members; President, Ian R. W. Chisholm; Secretary, John Watson, 1960-50th Street, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A.; Treasurer, Fenwick W. Ritchie, 792 St. John's Place, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A. 383--GREENOCK R.N.T.F. HEATHER BURNS CLUB : instituted 1912; federated 1927; 50 members; President, John Lynn; Secretary, Arthur C. E. Lewis, Vallorbe, Rodney Road, Gourock; Treasurer, Fred. Hunter, 42 Grenville Road, Gourock. 384-PUlllPHERSTON BONNIE DOON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1926; federated 1927; 85 members; President, James Dunlop; Secre tary, Wm. Gowans, 91 East Road, Pumpherston, Midcalder; Treasurer, Thos. Stenhouse, New Rows, Pumpherston, Mid calder. 387-MARY CAMPBELL BURNS CLUB (CAMBUSLANG): instituted 1927; federated 1927; 50 members; President, Mrs. McMenemy; Secre tary, Mrs. A. Tait, 58 Park Street, Cambuslang; Treasurer, Mrs. G. Russell, 17 Church Street, Cambuslang. 388-KYLE LADIES' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1927; federated 1927; President, Mrs. Alex. Neilson; Secretary, Mrs. James Anderson, 200 Springhill Road, Shotts; Treasurer, Mrs. William Roy, Springhill Buildings, Shotts. 390---MEIKLE EARNOCK JOLLY BEGGARS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1924; federated 1928; 48 members; President, Finlay Campbell; Secre tary, Jacob Hodge, 31 Limekilnburn Road, Quarter; Treasurer, James Robb, 29 Austin Street, Cadzow; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 391-WATERBURY BURNS CLUB : instituted 1885; federated 1928; 59 members; President, James Davidson; Secretary, Robert Currie, 238 Hamilton Avenue, Waterbury, Connecticut, U.S.A.; Trea surer, James Littlejohn, 171 Greenwood Avenue, Waterbury. 392--WHIFFLET BURNS CLUB : instituted 1920; federated 1928; 34 mem bers; President, D. M. W. Ralston; Secretary, Wm. S. Strachan, 9 North Bute Street, Coatbridge; Treasurer, John A. W. Kirk, 6 Bank Street, Coatbridge. 393-ANNAN LADIES' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1928; federated 1928; 150 members; President, Mrs. J. W. Johnston; Secretary, Mrs. E. I. Latimer, 9 Addison Place, Annan; Treasurer, Mrs. Irving, Waterfoot Road, Annan. 398-coLINTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1907; federated 1928; 50 members; President, J. McPhail Cant; Secretary, A. Dodds Dickson, Commercial Bank, Colinton; Treasurer, Wm. Swanson, Grassvalley, Woodhall Road, Colinton. 118 BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 399-sT. RINGANS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1920; federated 1928; 90 members; President, Wm. Nimmo; Secretary, George Newstead, 22 Polmaise Avenue, St. Ninians; Treasurer, Wm. Cook, 47 Borestone Crescent, St. Ninians. 400-HADDINGTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1889; federated 1928; 84 members; President, John Cummin~; Secretary and Treasurer, David C. Young, Dunpender, Haddmgton. 401-BRIG-EN' BURNS CLUB : i:nstituted 1876; federated 1928; 40 mem bers; President, Thomas Foley; Secretary, Peter Meechan, 85 Loreburn Street, Dumfries; Treasurer, Archibald Bell, Caul Back View, Maxwelltown, Dumfries. 402-HIGHLAND MARY LADIES' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1928; federated 1928; 36 members; President, Mrs. James Reid; Secretary, Mrs. A. Guthrie, 29 Woodhead Street, Highvallevfield, Newmills, Fife; Treasurer, Mrs. James Nicol, 2 Valleyfield Avenue, High valleyfield. 403--FB.ASERBURGH BURNS CLUB : federated 1928; Secretary, A. S. Kelman, Saltoun Chambers, Fraserburgh. 405-cALEDONIAN SOCIETY OF SHEFFIELD : instituted 1822; federated 1929; 790 members; President, Dr. James Mackinnon, D.S.O. ; Secretary, W. Gregor McGregor, 7 Glen Road, Nether Edge, Sheffield, 7; Treasurer, Albert Forsyth, 91 Pinslone Street, Sheffield, 1. 406-DUBLIN BENEVOLENT SOCIETY OF ST. ANDREW : federated 1929; Secretary, George Munro, 16 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin. 409-STENHOUSEMUIR AND DISTRICT PLOUGH BURNS CLUB : instituted 1929; federated 1929; 110 members; President, John C. Reid; Secretary and Treasurer, John McMahon, 122 King Street, Sten housemuir, Larbert. 410-B.OYAL MILE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1925; federated 1929; 50 members; President, Matthew C. Thomson; Secretary and Trea surer, Alex. Scott, 32 Parsonsgreen Terrace, Edinburgh. 412-GARY BURNS CLUB : instituted 1928; federated 1929; 34 members; President, Wallace Bache; Secretary, George H. Knight, 829 Johnston Street, Gary, Indiana, U.S.A.; Treasurer, Wilfrid ~ell, 765 Virginia Street, Gary. 413-sT. ANDREW SOCIETY OF SAN FRANCISCO : instituted 1863; federated 1929; 200 members; President, John Craig; Secretary, Thomas C. Hunter, 414 Mason Street, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.; Treasurer, Wm. R. Carswell, 2076 Oakland Avenue, Pudmont Road, San Francisco. 414-DALKEITH FOUNTAIN BUB.NB CLUB : instituted 1928; federated 1929; President, William M. Linton; Secretary, W. M. Linton Relief Cottage, Dalkeith, Midlothian; Treasurer, Charles Dickson, 5 Elmfield Park, Dalkeith, Midlothian. BURNS CLUBS AND SOOTTISH SOCIETIES 119 417-BURNLEY AND DISTRICT CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1924; federated 1929; 92 members; President, Dr. A. McWhinney; Secretary, Miss Ena Wrig_ht, 191 Todmorden Road, Burnley, Lanes.; Treasurer, Mr. William Young, 4 Ladbrooke Grove, Summit, Burnley. 418-i!KEGNESS SCOTTISH SOCIETY : instituted 1928; federated 1929; 68 members; President, Major F. Conway Gordon; Secretary and Treasurer, J. Macdonald, Moray Hotel, North Parade, Skegness, Lincolnshire. 421-ARROCHAR AND TARBET BURNS CLUB : instituted 1929; federated 1929; 40 members; President, Rev. W. F. Wills, M.A.; Secr& ta.ry, William Marshall, Schoolhouse, Tarbet; Treasurer, Rev. R. D. E. Stevenson, The Manse, Tarbet. 424-cAMBUSLANG TAM o' SHANTER BURNS CLUB : instituted 1928; fede rated 1929; 20 members; President, George Johnstone; Secretary, George McLellan, 33 Park Street, Cambuslang; Treasurer, John Fowler, 35 Westburn Road, Cambuslang. 426-SAUCHIE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1929; federated 1929; 98 mem bers; President, James Wallace, J.P.; Secretary and Treasurer, Andrew Snaddon, 38 Fairfield, Sauchie, .Alloa. 427-GOREBRIDGE GLENCAIRN BURN.S CLUB : instituted 1929; federated 1930; 50 members; President, David Scott; Secretary, John Kennedy, Aldmarroch, Gorebridge, Midlothian; Treasurer, Charles Duncan, .Ashbank, Gorebridge. 428-CHRYSTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1924; federated 1929; 36 mem bers; President, David Jackson; Secretary and Treasurer, Allan M'Pherson, 72 Cumbernauld Road, Muirhead, Chryston. 429-BATHGATE JOLLY BEGGARS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1928; federated 1929; 30 members; President, Robert Marshall; Financial Secre tary, Councillor Patrick Glen, 41 Torphichen Street, Bathgate. 430-GOUROCK BURNS • CLUB : instituted 1887; federated 1929; 103 members; President, George Webster; Secretary, F. T. Tarbet, 11 Bath Street, Gourock; Treasurer, W . .A. Thomson, Union Bank of Scotland, Gourock. 431-INVERKIP BURNS CLUB : instituted 1907; federated 1929; 20 members; President, George Wylie; Secretary, George R. Wylie, Clydeview, Inverkip; Treasurer, John R. McFarlane, Sea. View, Inverkip. 432-WINCHBURGH LEA RIG BURNS CLUB : instituted 1930: federated 1930; 100 members; President, John Scott; Secretary, John Black, Hazeldean, Fauchledean, Winchburgh, West Lothian; Treasurer, John M. Wilson, 69 Abercorn Place, Winchburgh. 435-AYR TAM o' SHANTER BURNS CLUB : instituted 1906; federated 1930; President, Alex. F. Dunbar; Secretary and Treasurer, Henry Baxter, 11 Rozelle Cottages, Maybole Road, Ayr. 120 BURNS OLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 436-WALNEY JOLLY BEGGARS LADIES' BURNS CLUB: instituted 1930; federated 1930; 60 members ; President, Mrs. Henderson ; Secre tary, Mrs. Thomson, 3 Aberdare Stree~J3arrow-in-Fumess; Trea surer, Mrs. Kelly, 36 Catacun Street, walney, Barrow. 437-DUMFRIES LADms' BURNS CLUB' NO. 1 : instituted 1930; federated 1931; 89 members; President, Mrs. McGuffie; Secretary Mrs. J. Wilson, Deanston Cottage, 8 Church Street, Dumfries; Treasurer, Mrs. J. G. Wilson, Deanston Cottage, 8 Church Street, Dumfries. 438--cHESTERFIELD AND DISTRICT CALEDONIAN ASSOCIATION : instituted 1910; federated 1930; 335 members; President, Kenneth J. Nicholson, B.A.(Lond.); Secretary, Mrs. C. A. Dauncey, 6 Poplar Avenue, Chesterfield; Treasurer, Mrs. F. W. Brown, 12 Whitecotes Lane, Chesterfield. 441-TEMPLE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1930; federated 1930; 36 mem bers; President, Alex. Neilson; Secretary, Mrs. Mary Tennant, 33 Easter Road, Dykehead, Shotts; Treasurer, Thomas Hamilton, 48 Station Road, Shotts. 442-PENICUIK AND DISTRICT BURNS CLUB : instituted 1929 ; federated 1930; 100 members; President, William M. Watt; Secretary and Treasurer, Richard M. Young, Eskvale Cottages, Penicuik. 443-VICTORIA BURN.S CLUB : instituted 1922; federated 1931; 438 mem bers; President, James A. Dewar; Secretary, E. M. Whyte, 345 Vancouver Street, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; Treasurer, James Crossen, 2628 Graham Street, Victoria, B.C. 444-SWANSEA AND WEST WALES CALEDONIAN .SOCIETY : federated 1931; 250 members; President, Hon. Laurence P. Methuen; Secretary, Alex. Kinloch Miller, 49a Bryn Road, Swansea; Treasurer, K. J. Stewart, 10 Woodlands Terrace, Swansea. 445-BUXTON CALEDONIAN SOCIETY BURNS CLUB : instituted 1927; federated 1931; 71 members; President, Gilbert Johnston, M.A.; Secretary and Treasurer, J. H. Gilfillan, Lyndrum, Park Road, Buxton. 446-BEREFORDSHIRE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1910; federated 1931; 81 members; President, Dr. J. R. Bulman; Secretary and Trea surer, J. S. Willox, 258 Ledbury Road, Hereford. 449-WELLINGTON (N.Z.) BURNS CLUB: instituted 1931; federated 1931; 120 members; President, R. H. Nimmo; Secretary and Treasurer, Miss L. Harper, 121 Aro Street, Wellington, New Zealand. 452-AUCHTERDERRAN BONNIE JEAN BURNS CLUB: instituted 1929; federated 1931; 50 members; President, Mrs. R. Murrie; Secre tary, Mrs. Agnes Johnstone, 31 14th Street, Cardenden, Fife; Treasurer, Mrs. R. Kellock, Gamie Place, Cardenden. 453-NORTH-EASTERN BURNS CLUB OF PHILADELPHIA LADms' AUXILIARY : instituted 1927 ; federated 1931 ; 90 members; President, Mrs. Jean Haugh; Secretary, Miss Elizabeth Hunter, 715-66th Avenue, Oak Lane, Philadelphia, Pa., U.S.A.; Treasurer, Mrs. Margt. Wallace, 6550 Hegerman Street, Philadelphia. BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOOIETIES 121 454-ROTHERHAM AND DISTRICT SCOTTISH ASSOCIATION : instituted 1924; federated 1931 ; 160 members; President, Dr. W. Crerar; Secre tary, Robert Reid, Tankersley House, Broom Lane, Rotherham; Treasurer, J. C. MacKenzie, Harmby, Boswell Street, Rother ham. 456-TROON MASONIC BURNS CLUB : instituted 1931; federated 1931; 97 members; President, Edward G. Galt; Secretary, Malcolm H. Black, 13 Muirhead Crescent, Troon; Treasurer, David· McClure, 92 East Crescent, Troon. 457-KINGLASSIE LADIES' mGHLAND MARY NO. 2 BURNS CLUB : instituted 1932 ; federated 1932 ; 11 members; President, Mrs. Dewar ; Secretary, Mrs. W. Driscoll, 91 Mina Crescent, Kinglassie, Fife; Treasurer, Mrs. J. Luth, 37 Mina Crescent, Kinglassie. 458-sTONEHAVEN (FATHERLAND) BURNS CLUB : federated 1932; 100 mem bers; President, Harcourt L. Christie, M.A. ; Secretary and Treasurer, A. Hardie, 2 Fetteresso Terrace, Stonehaven. 459-cOWDENBEATH WEST END JOLLY BEGGARS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1931; federated 1932; 44 members; President, Wm. Duncan; Secretary, Peter Falconer, 47 Primmer Place, Cowdenbeath, Fife; Treasurer, R. Walker, 6 Glenburn Place, Cowdenbeath; Burm Chronicle official, John Bell. 461-LEICESTER CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1877; federated 1932; 240 members; President, Dr. A. L. McLeod, M.A., M.B., C.M.Glas.; Secretary, D. Cumming, 188 Braunstone Lane, Leicester; Treasurer, W. A. Campbell, 106 Colchester Road, Leicester. 462-cHELTENHAM SCOTTISH SOCIETY : instituted 1930; federated 1932; 180 members; President, Dr. David Clow; Secretary, Mrs. J. E. Webster, Handley Cross, Cheltenham; Treasurer, A. Milne, Fairlands, Leckhampton Road, Cheltenham. 464-YAKIMA VALLEY BURNS CLUB: federated 1932; President, Wm. Tweedie; Secretary, Archie Wilson, 1211 Cherry Avenue, Yakima, Washington, U.S.A.; Treasurer, Thos. Jackson. 466-DYKEHEAD AFTON WATER LADIES' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1932; federated 1932; 46 members; President, Mrs. J. Scullion; Secre tary, Mrs. H. Kerr, 251 Hawthorn Place, Dykehead, Shotts; Treasurer, Mrs. A. Stewart, 171 Shotts Kirk Road, Dykehead, Shotts. 467-GILBERTFIELD HIGHLAND MARY LADIES' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1932; federated 1932; 50 members; President, Mrs. E. Russell, J.P. i Secretary, Mrs. Hardie, 7 Dechmont Place, Lightburn, Cambuslang; Treasurer, Mrs. Napier. 468-HIGH BLANTYRE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1932; federated 1932; 31 members; President, James McKeen; Secretary, John Morrison1 69 Bairds Rows, Blantyre; Treasurer, William McKay, 81 Auchinraith Road, Blantyre. 12'2 BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 469--DENNY CROSS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1932; federated 1932; 37 members; Presiden~ Joseph Graham; Secretary, Thomas Bry-son, Holehouse Farm, JJenny; Treasurer, William Bryson, Wallace Crescent, Denny. 470-sT. GILES BURNS CLUB : instituted 1923; federated 1932; 120 members; President, W. Scott; Secretary and Treasurer, Bailie Robert Farquhar, Ingleside, West Road, Elgin. 471-ROSE OF GRANGE BURNS CLUB : federated 1932; Secretary and Treasurer, John Lapsley, 7 Dugald Stewart .Avenue, Bo'ness. 472-RENFREWSHIRE ASSOCIATION OF BURNS CLUBS : instituted 1929; federated 1932 ; President, .Andrew Harvey ; Secretary and Trea surer, .Arthur C. E. Lewis, Vallorbe, Rodney Road, Gourock. 475-TWEEDDALE LADIES' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1932; federated 1933; 50 members; President, Mrs. C. C. Turnbull; Secretary-, Mrs. E. Smith, 21 St. .Andrews Road, Peebles; Treasurer, Mrs. G. Davidson, Bridgegate. 476-BORDER CITIES BURNS CLUB : instituted 1932; federated 1933; 85 members; President, Harry .Abrahams; Secretary and Treasurer, T . .A. Mills, 1252 Pelissier Street, Windsor, Ontario, Canada. 477-BELLAHOU.STON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1929; federated 1933; 100 members; President, James Wynne; Secretary, Robert S. Frame, 207 Paisley Road West, Glasgow, S.W.1; Treasurer, Miss J. Glegg, 1 Carillon Road, Glasgow, S.W.1. 478-BONNIE DOON LADIES' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1933; federated 1933; 60 members; President, Mrs. T. Pryde; Secretary,_ Mrs. T. Penman, 30 Dewar Place, Kelty, Fife; Treasurer, Mrs. I. Morris, Grievesland Terrace, Kelty. 47~UEEN OF THE SOUTH LADIJllS' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1932; federated 1933; Presiden,!i Mrs. J. W. Taylor; Secretar~J Mrs. H. Coulson, 52 Friars vennel, Dumfries; Treasurer, Mrs. J. Clark, 68 Friars V ennel, Dumfries. 480-GLENCAmN BURNS CLUB OF CORNWALL: instituted 1923; federated 1933; 100 members ; President, The Right Hon. The Lord Sempill; Secretary, J . .A. Donald, L.D.S., Glencairn, Falmouth; Treasurer, W. Cameron Popperwell, Royal Hotel, Falmouth. 481-LONDON AYRSHmE SOCIETY : instituted 1897; federated 1933; President, David Robertson; Secretary and Treasurer, .Alexander Belch, 21 Grosvenor Place, London, S.W.1. 484-SHEDDENS LADIES' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1931; federated 1933; 15 members; President, Mrs. Jack; Secretary, Mrs. Donaldson, 8 McEwan Street, Glasgow, E.1; Treasurer, Mrs. Paul. 486-.JEAN ARMOUR BURNS CLUB : federated 1934; President, Mrs. Duffin; Secretary, Mrs. J. Duffy, Sunnybraes Terrace, Steelend, Saline, by Dunfermline; Treasurer, Mrs. Pallan. 489--CLARINDA BURNS CLUB : instituted 1933; federated 1934; 30 mem bers; President, John McLean, 8 Chapel Street, Edinburgh. BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 123 492-HARROW AND DISTRICT CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1928; federated 1934; 400 members; President, Charles Fairweather; Secretary, George Brown, Westerton, 67 Woodlands, North Harrow; Treasurer, R. G. C. Barbour, 11 Northumberland Road, Harrow; Burns Chronicle official, W. H. Harries, 19 Cunningham Park, Harrow. 493-AKRON BURNS CRONIES : instituted 1934; federated 1934; 30 mem bers; President, John Houston; Secretary, Mrs. James Meiklejohn, 131 25th Street N.W., Barberton, Ohio, U.S.A.; Treasurer, Mrs. Wm. Dick, 3 Stone Court, Wadesworth. 494-MOTHERWELL UNITED SERVICES BURNS CLUB : federated 1934; 60 members; President, Robert K. Hamilton; Secretary, Geoffrey Plumb, 41 Waverley Terrace, Motherwell; Treasurer, John Ormiston, Glencairn Street, Motherwell. 495-BAGHDAD CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1922; "federated 1934; 70 members; President, G. A. D. Ogilvie-Forbes, C.M.G.; Secre tary, K. R. Munro, c/o Andrew Weir and Co., Rewaq Street, Baghdad, Iraq; Treasurer, T. S. D. Brown, c/o The Eastern Bank, Baghdad. 496-THE AULD HOOSE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1931 ; federated 1934; President, Ex-Provost Kinninmonth; Secretary and Treasurer, Thomas Chalmers, 1 Rossend Park, Burntisland, Fife. 497~sT. ANDREW BURNS CLUB {WELLINGTON, N.z.) : instituted 1934; federated 1934; 160 members; President, A. Barclay; Secretary, Miss B. Clark, 282 Lambton Quay, Wellington, New Zealand; Treasurer, C. G. Cattanach. 498-FLINT BURNS CLUB : instituted 1931; federated 1934; 61 members; President, James Robertson; Secretary, Joseph M. Graham, 2113 Raskob Street, Flint, Michigan, U.S.A.; Treasurer, George Guiney, 325 W. Hamilton Avenue, Flint, Michigan. 500-NEW CUMNOCK BURNS CLUB : instituted 1924; federated 1934; 60 members; President, A. W. Mackay, B.Sc. ; Secretary and Trea surer, Dr. William Edgar, Oakdene, New Cumnock, Ayrshire. 501-GALT BURNS CLUB : federated 1935; President, A. E. Martin; Secretary, H. E. Rosenberg, 70 Birch Street, Galti Ontario, Canada; Treasurer, F. Hutchison, 13 Barrie Lane, Ga t. 502-LINCLUDEN BURNS CLUB: instituted 1933; federated 1935; 25 mem- bers; President, James D. M. Millan; Secretary and Treasurer, Wm. J. McMillan, 87 St. Michael Street, Dumfries. 503-DUNBLANE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1923; federated 1935; President, John Stewart; Secretary and Treasurer, W. D. Menzies, Com mercial Bank of Scotland Ltd., Dunblane. 505-WISHAW MASONIC BURNS CLUB : instituted 1935; federated 1935; 100 members; President, Godfrey Hill; Secretary, Alexander Reid, 95 Netherton Road, Wishaw; Treasurer, Robert Scott, Waverley Drive, Wishaw. 124 BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 506-JEAN ARMOUR LADIES' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1934; federAted 1935; 34 members; President, Mrs. Haddow; Secretary, Mrs. J. Moore, 87 Shottskirk Road, Dykehead; Treasurer, Mrs. J. Patterson, Shottskirk Road, Dykehead. 507-BURNS SOCIETY OF ORANGE COUNTY (CALIFORNIA) : instituted 1935; federated 1935; 60 members; President, Robert L. Brown; Secretary, Alex. Brownridge, 1414 N. Main Street, Santa Ana,, California; Treasurer, S. Jas. Tuffree, Placentia. 508-AUCHTERDERRAN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1905; federated 1935; 35 members; President John Dick; Secretary, John Mitchell, 22 Balgonie Terrace, Cardenden, Fife; Treasurer, Stuart Boyd, Jamphlars Cottage, Cardenden. 509-MOTHERWELL MASONIC BURNS CLUB : instituted 1911; federated 1935; 200 members; President, John Liddell; Secretary, John Bryce, 104 Orbiston Street, Motherwell; Treasurer, John Pearson, Ivanhoe, Wilson Street, Motherwell. 510-sCOTTISH DYES RECREATION CLUB : federated 1935; President, Dr. W. G. Hiscock; Secretary, J. A. Robertson, Scottish :l)yes Limited, Grangemouth; Treasurer, R. R. Taylor, Soottish Dyes Limited, Grangemouth. 511-PERTH (WEST AUSTRALIA) BURNS CLUB : instituted 1935; federated 1935; 80 members; President, Dr. T. C. Boyd, M.A.; Secretary, Mrs. Jessie Reid, 166 Seventh Avenue, Maylands, Perth, Western Australia; Treasurer, Mrs. M. Thompson, 317 Vincent Street, Leederville, Perth. • 512-RENFREW .. ANDREW PARK " BURNS CLUB : instituted 1935; federated 1935; Secretary, W. E. Neil, 20 Paisley Road, Ren frew. 513-FREDERICTON SOCIETY OF ST. ANDREW : instituted 1845; federated 1935; Secretary, John H. Malcom, Bank of Nova Scotia, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada. 514--sHANGHAI BURNS CLUB : federated 1936; Secretary, William Lyle, 51 Canton Road, Shanghai, China. 515-cALEDONIAN SOCIETY OF ABADAN : instituted 1924 ; federated 1936 ; 160 members; President, A. D. Foster; Secretary and Treasurer, William Jamieson, c/o Anglo-Iranian Oil Co., Ltd., Abadan, Iran. 516--THE AIRTS BURN.S CLUB : instituted 1933; federated 1936; 25 mem bers; President, John McLurg; Secretary, William Anderson, 129 Summerlee Street, Prestonpans; Treasurer, Thomas Davidson, 16 Schaw Road, Prestonpans. 513-YE AULD CRONIES MASONIC BURNS CLUB (CLEVELAND, OHIO) : insti tuted 1935 ; federated 1936 ; 15 members; President, William Mackie; Secretary and Treasurer, Thomas Hair, 1318 East 187th Street, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 125 520-UDDINGSTON LOCHLIE LADms' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1935; federated 1936; 56 members; President, Miss J. M. Gourley; Secretary, Mrs. Isobel Downie, 89 Woodlands Crescent, Bothwell; Treasurer, Mrs. C. Mcintosh, 19 Woodlands Crescent, Bothwell. 521-wARATAH-lllAYFIELD BURNS CLUB : instituted 1935; federated 1936; 130 members ; President, Neil Cameron ; Secretary, James Macoustra, 18 Texas Street, Mayfield, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Assistant Secretary, Stanley Harris; Trea surer, John Johnstone. 522-- 532--cESSNOCK BURNS CLUB, N.S.W. : instituted 1935; federated 1937; 183 members; President, William Dow; Secretary, Walter W. Robertson, 63 Melbourne Street, .Aberdare, Cessnock, New South Wales, .Australia; Treasurer, Robert Fergusson. 533-FAULDHOUSE CALEDONIAN BURNS CLUB : instituted 1937; federated 1937; 50 members; President, Douglas Stirrit; Secretary, John Malcolm, 99 Barton Terrace, Fauldhouse; Treasurer, George Malcolm, 21 Scott Place, Fauldhouse. 534-BEDLINGTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1937; federated 1937; 84 members; President, Jas. W. Pooley; Secretary, George N. Willan, 20 Glebe Road, Bedlington, Northumberland; Trea surer, William Craigs, Sub-Postmaster, Post Office, Barrington, Bedlington Station; Burns Chronicle official, Christopher Bergen, 1 Jubilee Terrace, Bedlington Station. 535-PLYMOUTH AND DISTRICT CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1927; federated 1937; 70 members; President, R. McDonald; Secretary, John Common, Cluden, Torland Road, Hartley, Plymouth; Trea surer, John Hutcheson, 37 Lynwood .Avenue, Marsh Mills, Plymouth. 536-wHITHORN AND DISTRICT BURNS CLUB : instituted 1937; federat.ed 1937; 50 members; President, Rev. Harry Law, M ..A.; Si>cretary and Treasurer, Thomas Latimer, The Clydesdale Dank Ltd., Whithorn. 537-HARTHILL AND DISTRICT YOUNG CRONIES BURNS CLUB : instituted 1935; federated 1937; 35 members; President, Thomas Cunningham; Secretary, William Forsyth, 69a Main Street, Hart hill, Lanarkshire; Treasurer, Richard Blackley, 16 Peden Street, Eastfield, Harthill, Lanarkshire. 538--GREENOCK AND DISTRICT BURNS CLUBS' PAST PRESIDENTS' ASSOCIA· TION : instituted 1937; federated 1937; President, .Arthur Murray; Secretary and Treasurer, .Arthur C. E. Lewis, Vallorbe, Rodney Road, Gourock. 540-JOHNSTONE MASONIC BURNS CLUB : instituted 1930; federated 1937; 95 members; President, David W. Steel; Secretary, .Arch. H. Carswell, Twyford, Kilbarchan Road, Johnstone; Treasurer, Ex-Provost Hugh McQueen, Collier Street, Johnstone. 541-DOUNE AND DISTRICT BURNS CLUB : instituted 1937; federated 1938; 60 members; President, Bailie Masterton; Secretary and Treasurer, John Dykes, Union Bank House, Doune; Burns Chronicle official, Councillor McTurk, Northlea, Doune. 542-NEWARTHILL WHITE HEATHER BUJl.NS CLUB: instituted 1936; fede rated 1938; 76 members; President, James Crombie; Secretary, Mrs. Walkinshaw, 350 High Street, Newarthill; Treasurer, .Archibald .Armstrong, 64 Beechworth Drive, N ewarthill. 543-ABBEY CRAIG BURNS CLUB : instituted 1935; federated 1938; 30 members; Secretary, William Hai:ris, Cornton Cottage, Cause wayside, near Stirling. BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 127 544-AsmNGTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1890. federated 1938; 40 members; President, J. F. R. Gairdner, M.B., M.R.C.S.; Secre tary, J. Hudson Ogle, 7 Ingleby Terrace, Lynemouth, Morpeth; Treasurer, R. Tweddle. 54~PARRAMATTA AND DISTRICT BURNS CLUB (NEW SOUTH WALES) : instituted 1934; federated 1938; 53 members; President, Colin Cameron; Secretary, John Howie, 12 Gore Street, Parramatta, N.S.W., Australia; Treasurer, James Russell, 10 Isabella Street, North Parramatta. 546-THE OAK BURNS CLUB (HAMILTON) : instituted 1937; federated 1938; 40 members; President, John Kane; Secretary, Robert Ritchie, 43 Bent Road, Hamilton, Lanarkshire; Treasurer, James Ritchie, 45 Bent Road, Hamilton. 547-coALBURN JOLLY BEGGARS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1937; federated 1938; 33 members; President, James Simpson; Secretary, James Logan, 2 Tinto View Terrace, Coalburn; Tre!l.surer, William Morrison, Croft Terrace, Coalburn. 548-LEEDS CALEDONIAN .SOCIETY : instituted 1894; federated 1938; 650 members; President, Col. A. D. Sharp, C.B., C.M.G., T.D., F.R.C.S.; Joint-Secretaries, W. Strachan, Drumnagarrow, Wel lington Hill, Shadwell, Leeds, and W. Morgan, 39 Ridge Way, Leeds, 8; Treasurer, H. A. Gordon, Clynder, Creskeld Lane, Bramhope, Leeds. 549-BOTHWELL BONIE LESLEY LADIES' BURNS CLUB : instituted 1937; federated 1938; President, Mrs. W. Scott; Secretary, Mrs. Agnes Wilson, 60 Clyde Avenue, Bothwell; Treasurer, Mrs. W. Mcintosh, 31 Bellshill Road, Uddingston. 550-DUNOON MARY CAMPBELL BURNS CLUB : instituted 1938; federated 1938; 25 members; President, Arthur Blincow; Secretary, James Agnew, Glencairn, John.Street, Dunoon; Treasurer, Alex. Blair, Barbadoes Villa, Belmont Lane, Dunoon; Burns Chronicle official, Treasurer. 551-SCARBOROUGH CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1934; federated 1938; 115 members; President, W. Simpson Murdoch Ewing ; Secretary, William Littlefair, Warrender, 23 N ewlands Park Grove, Scarborough; Treasurer, John Wilson Matthews, 84 St. Thomas Street, Scarborough. 552-FAWSIDE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1938; federated 1938; 45 mem bers; President, P. Muirhead; Secretary, R. Hamilton, 80 North field, Tranent; Treasurer, A. Davann~ Northfield, Tranent; Assistant Treasurer, J. McDonald, c/o uross Keys Inn. 553--WOLVERHAMPTON AND DISTRICT CALEDONIAN SOCIETY: instituted 1938; federated 1938; 259 members; President, J. L. Swanson; Secretary, W. R. Robertson, 61 Birches Barn Avenue, Wolver hampton; Treasurer, T. W. Robertson, Struan, Newbridge Crescent, Wolverhampton. 554-BRUCE BURNS CLUB (FALKLAND) : instituted 1938; federated 1938; 50 members; President, Bailie D. Riley; Secretary, Charles Ross, Royal Terrace, Falkland, Fife; Treasurer, Charles F. Hawkins, Bruce Arms Hotel, Falkland. 128 BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOOIETIES 555-HARROGATE ST. ANDREW'S SOCIETY : instituted 1921; federated 1938; 90 members; President, Rev. Peter McCall; Secretary and Treasurer, Geo. S. M. Edward, 10 Woodlands Drive, Harrogate, Yorkshire. 556-cALEDONIAN SOCIETY OF DONCASTER : federated 1938; President, Dr. J. M. Hair; Secretary, W. King, 48 Manor Drive, Doncaster; Treasurer, W. Hall, 15 Manor Drive. 557-LADIES' BURNS CLUB OF ATLANTA, GEORGIA : instituted 1937; fede rated 1938; 22 members; President, Mrs. Hugh Howell; Secre tary, Mrs. Josiah T. Rose, 1720 West Wesley Road, N.W., Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A.; Treasurer, Mrs. Carl Pittman. 558---0AMBUSBARRON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1936; federated 1938; 30 members; President, John Niven; Secretary, William Miller, 20 Dowan Place, Cambusbarron, Stirling; Treasurer, Joseph Black, 25 North End, Cambusbarron. 559--COVE:NTRY Al'.-X> DIS1'RICT CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : federated 1939; 450 members; President, Dr. Stuart Smith; Secretary, Robert S. Miller, 41 Park Road, Coventry; Treasurer, William Hill, 9 Queens Road, Coventry. 560-cALEDONIAN SOCIETY' CAWNPORE : instituted 1936; federated 1939; 89 members; President, J. M. Lownie; Secretary and Treasurer, Ian 0. Hamilton, C.A., Sutherland House, Cawnpore, U.P. India. 561-LONDON (ONTARIO) BURNS CLUB : instituted 1938; federated 1939; 25 members; President, William Gray; Secretary and Treasurer, James Smith, 85 Horton Street, London, Ontario, Canada.. 562-cASTLE-DOUGLAS BURNS CLUB : instituted 1931; federated 1939; 45 members; President, John M. Welsh; Secretary and Treasurer, Henry A. P. Haugh, Williamsfield, Castle-Douglas. 563-NORFOLK CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1934; federated 1939; 145 members; President, Matthew Mitchell; Secretary, David A. Grant, 36 Eaton Road, Norwich; Treasurer, W. N. Robson, Hillside Avenue, Thorpe St. Andrew, Norwich. 564-WINSOME WILLIE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1939; federa.ted 1939; 20 members; President, Robert Fleming; Secretary and Treasurer, Geo. C. Douglas, Main Street, Ochiltree; Burns Chronicle official, A. E. McMillan, Main Street, Ochiltree. 565-ROBERT BURNS CIRCLE OF NEW YORK : instituted 1934; federated 1939; 140 members; President, Robert MacGowan, M.A., D.D.; Secretary, Miss Jessie Strachan, 20-42 32nd Street, Astoria, Long Island, N.Y.; Treasurer, Mrs. J. D. Hughes, 1825 Riverside Drive, New York. 566--sCOTTISH SOCIETY AND BURNS CLUB OF AUSTRALIA : instituted 1939; federated 1939; 80 members; President, Professor J. Macdonald Holmes, B.Sc., Ph.D.; Secretary, Gordon M. Mackley, 28 Martin Place, Sydney, Australia; Treasurer, Laurence Macaulay, A.C.I.S.(Eng-.), 109 Elizabeth Street, Sydney; Burns Chronicle official, David W. Brown, 43 Chaleyer Street, Rose Bay, Sydney. BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES 129 567-NEWTOWN BURNS CLUB, PAISLEY : instituted 1938; federated 1939; 32 members; President, J. Noble; Secretary, Wm. Struthers, 10 New Street, Paisley ; Treasurer, A. Na.pier, 164 George Street, Paisley. 568-DARVEL BURNS CLUB : federated 1939; President, W. Auld; Secre tary and Treasurer, D. Hamilton, 57 West Main Street, Darvel. 569-THANET AND DISTRICT CALEDONIAN SOCIETY : instituted 1934; federated 1939; 142 members; Chairman, J. M. Campbell, J.P.; Secretary and Treasurer, S. C. Haggis, Midland Bank Ltd., High Street, Broadstairs, Kent. 570-THE SCOTTISH CLANS ASSOCIATION OF LONDON LTD. : instituted 1898 ; federated 1939; President, Wm. Stewart Allan; Secretary, D. Campbell Thomson, Benachie, 35 Medway Gardens, Wembley, Middlesex; Treasurer, G. S. Bonnyman, 27 Munster Road, London, S.W.6. 571-EDMONTON BURNS CLUB : instituted 1918; federated 1939; 30 mem bers; President, H. W. B. Douglas; Secretary, T. H. Campbell, 10135-lOOth Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Treasurer, Jas. McGregor, 10629-113th Street, Edmonton. 572-CHESTER CALEDONIAN ASSOCIATION : instituted 1885; federated 1939; 130 members; President, J. C. Kirkpatrick; Secretary, Walter Fergusson, 65 Parkgate Road, Chester; Treasurer, Alan M. Miln, St. Werburgh Chambers, Chester. 573-cRoFT SPRINGSIDE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1939; federated 1939; 42 members; President, Frank Irvine; Secretary and Treasurer, William Williamson, 21 Springhill Terrace, Springside, Kilmarnock. 574--HOLYTOWN BLAm ATHOLE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1939; federated 1939; 46 members; President, John Blair; Secretary, Samuel Cowan, 37 Church Street, N ewarthill, Motherwell; Treasurer, Edward Craig, 99 Carfin Road, N ewarthill. 575-WINDSOR (ONTARIO) JEAN ARMOUR BURNS CLUB : instituted 1939; federated ' 1940; 49 members; President, Mrs. Mary Thomson; Secretary, Mrs. Peggy Huycke, 652 Windermere Road, Windsor, Ontario, Canada; Treasurer, Mrs. Margaret McKenzie, 914 Monmouth Road, Windsor. 576-FORT MATILDA BURNS CLUB : instituted 1934; federated 1940; 50 members; President, Dan Fleming; Secretary and Treasurer, James A. Kyle, 6 Finnart Street, Greenock. 577-DALSERF AND CLYDESDALE BURNS CLUB : instituted 1937; federated 1940; 17 members; President, Tom Mitchell; Secretary, Robert Clark, 58 Douglas Drive, Ashgill by LarkhaU; Treasurer, John Campbell, 6 Prospect Drive, Ashgill, by Larkhall ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CLUBS ON THE ROLL No. NO. 515 Abadan 417 Burnley 543 Abbey Craig 295 Burns House 40 Aberdeen 112 Burns Howff 20 Airdrie 445 Buxton 516 Airts 355 Calcutta 493 Akron 4 Callander 2 Alexandria 558 Cambusbarron 252 Alloway 424 Oambuslang Tam o' Shanter 309 Annan 207 -- Wingate 393 -- Ladies 71 Carlisle 82 .Arbroath 34 Carrick 421 Arrochar & Tarbet 562 Castle-Dougla1 544 Ashington 365 Catrine 238 Atlanta 560 Cawnpore 557 -- Ladies 532 Cessnock 508 Auchterderran 161 Charleston 452 -- Bonnie J ea.n 171 Chattanooga 496 Auld Hoose 462 Cheltenham 566 Australia, Scot. Soo. of 572 Chester 275 Ayr 438 Chesterfield 435 -- Tam o' Shanter 428 Chryston 192 Ayrshire Assoc. 489 Clarinda 495 Baghdad 547 Coalburn 157 Baillieston Caledonian 398 Colinton 372 -- Jean Armour 208 Colorado Springs 218 Bannockburn 79 Corstorphine 363 Barrow 559 Coventry 429 Bathgate 250 Cowdenbeath Tam o' Shanter 534 Bedlington 459 - West End 288 Beith 573 Croft Springside 15 Belfast 524 Cronies 477 Bellahouston 45 Cumnock 326 Bingry Ladies 6~ Oupar 167 Birmingham 338 Dalkeith 125 Blackburn-on-Almond 414 -- Fountain 184 Blaire.dam 244 Dalmnir 290 Blantyre 35 Dairy 478 Bonnie Doon Ladies 577 Dalserf 476 Border Cities (Out.) 158 Darlington 549 Bothwell Bouie Lesley Ladies 568 Darvel 76 Breohin 345 Denbea.th 49 Bridgeton 469 Denny Cross 401 Brig-En' 55 Derby 120 Bristol 37 Dollar 554 Bruce 556 Doncaster 331 Buffalo 367 Domoch 356 Burnbank 541 Donne ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CLUBS 131 No. No. 406 Dublin 555 Harrogate 10 Dumbarton 492 Harrow 226 Dumfries 537 Harthill 437 -- Ladies No. 1 379 Hartlepool& 503 Dunblane 239 Ha.wick 14 Dundee 225 Helensburgh 85 Dunfermline 446 Herefordshire 550 Dunoon Mary Campbell 468 High Blantyre 466 Dykehead Afton Water 402 Highland Mary La.diea 506 --Jean Armonr 375 Holyoke 526 -- Tam o' Shanter 574 Holytown 108 East Calder 431 lnverkip 22 Edinburgh 173 Irvine 307 -- Ayrshire Assoc. 506 Jean Armour (Dykehead) 378 -- District Assoc. 348 -- (Newton) 571 Edmonton 486 - (Steelend) 14Q Elgin 575 -- (Windsor, Ont.) 217 Eskdale 96 Jedburgh 126 Falkirk 540 Johnstone 380 -- Cross Keys 377 Kilbirnie 533 Fauldhouse 0 Kilmarnock 552 Fawside 457 Kingla.ssie La.dies 262 Fifeshire Assoc. 213 Kingston 319 Fisherrow 323 Kirkcudbright 498 Flint 75 Kirn 525 -- Jolly Beggars 388 Kyle La.dies 44 Forfar 548 Leeds 576 Fort Matilda 461 Leicester 403 Fraserburgh 341 Leith 513 Fredericton 502 Lincluden 501 Galt 366 Liverpool 412 Gary 520 Lochlie La.dies 4117 Gilbertfield Highland Mary 1 London 169 Glasgow Assoc. 481 -- Ayrshire Soc. 282 -- Bowling Assoc. 570 -- Clans Assoc. 263 -- Masonic 561 London (Ontario) 3 -- Tam o' Shanter 183 Londonderry 480 Glenca.irn 528 Loughborough 330 Glencraig Bonnie Jean 350 Markinch 522 Glenlee 387 Mary Campbell 427 Gorebridge Glencairn 310 Mauchline 198 -- Jolly Beggars 390 Meikle Earnock 430 Gourock 196 Mid-Argyll 5g -- Jolly Beggars 242 Montrose 53 Govan Fairfield 509 Motherwell Masonic 292 Grahamston 494 -- United Services 352 Grangemouth 56 Muirkirk 21 Greenock 139 National 538 --Past Pres. Assoc. 74 National Memorial 383 - R. N. T. F. Heather 500 New Cumnock 209 -- St. John's 523 N.S.W. Highland Soc. 254 -- Victoria 305 New Waterford 400 Haddington 381 New York Ma.sonic 33 Haggis 565 - - Robert Burns Circle 152 Hamilton 329 Newark 121 -- Junior 133 Newarthill 100 -- Mossgiel 542 -- White Heather 132 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CLUBS No. No. 199 Newba.ttle 484 Sheddens Ladies 156 Newca1tle 405 Sheffield 293 N ewcraighall 91 Shettleston 348 Newton Jean Armour 283 Sinolairtown 266 --Jolly Beggars 418 Skegnes11 567 Newtown 530 Southern Scot. Counties 124 Ninety 486 Steelend Jean Armour 563 Norfolk 409 Stenbousemuir 17 Nottingham 50 Stirling 546 Oak 324 Stockton 346 Oakbank 458 Stonehaven 564 Ochiltree 89 Sunderland 507 Orange County 444 Swansea 48 Paisley 3 Tam o' Shanter (Glas.) 545 Parrama.tta. 531 Tees-side 135 Pa.rtick Western 441 Temple 527 Peacock Cross 569 Thanet 442 Penicuik 7 Thistle 26 Perth 271 Trenton 511 Perth (West Australia) 274 Troon 336 Peterhead 456 -- Ma.sonic 284 Philadelphia Northeastern 320 Troy 453 -- La.dies 475 Tweeddale Ladies 535 Plymouth 520 Uddingston Loohlie Ladies 190 Port-Glasgow 237 -- M&llOnio 212 Portobello 325 Vancouver Fellowship 181 Primrose 443 V otoria. (B. C.) 384 Pumpherston 303 -- St. Andrew's Soc. 479 Queen of the South Ladies 165 Wallsend 373 Red Hill 436 W alney La.dies 512 Renfrew Andrew Park 296 Walsall 472 Renfrewshire Assoc. 521 Wa.ra.ta.h-Mayfield 471 Rose of Grange 391 Waterbury 36 Ro&ebery (Glas.) 449 Wellington (N.Z.) 454 Rotherham 497 -- St. Andrew 354 Royal Clan 392 Whifllet 410 Royal Mile 160 Whitburn 9 Royalty 236 Whitehaven 470 St. Giles 536 Whithorn 220 St. Louis 529 William Mitchell (The) 327 St. Mark's 432 Winchburgh 399 St. Ringans 575 Windsor (Ont.) Jean Armour 413 San Francisco 197 Winnipeg 68 Sandyford 25 -- St. Andrew's Soc. 426 Sauchie 564 Winsome Willie 551 Scarborough 505 Wishaw Masonic 314 Scottish (Edin.) 553 Wolverhampton 153 Scottish (Glas.) 464 Yakima Valley 510 Scottish Dyes Club 518 Ye Auld Cronie1 514 Shanghai See also " List of Districts, pp. 81-88 NOTICES Many of the thirty-four volumes of the First Series of the Burns Ohronicle are out-of-print. A few copies of the volumes for 1893-1895, 1897, 1910-1912, 1915-1917, and 1922-25, also of all the volumes of the Second Series, are still available, and may be purchased through the Hon. Treasurer of the Federation-Major David Yuille, T.D., Woodcroft, Symington, Kilmarnock. Terms for advertisements may be obtained on applica tion to the printers. TO SECRETARIES OF CLUBS Changes of address should be intimated at earliest convenience to the Hon. Secretary of the Federation. SCHOOL COMPETITIONS Copies of the Burns Federation medal may be obtained direct from Messrs. G. and G. Ponton, Ltd., Pontoprint Works, Hillington, Glasgow, S.W.2. The prices are In bronze , 6/- each. ,, silver . , 11/6 ,, ,, gold . , 55/- ,, Case to hold medal, 2/3 ,, Engraving name, etc., lid. per letter. Postage is extra. The price of the medal in gold varies with the fluctuation in the price of the metal. Printed by WILLIAM HODGE & CO., LTD. 36 N. FREDERICK ST., GLASGOW And at EDINBURGH and LONDON • ''BURNS CHRONICLE" ADVERTISER LARGEST STOCK IN SCOTLAND of Best Grade Used Safes by makers of repute, e.g., Milners', Ratner, Chubb, John Tann, etc. Guaranteed sound and reconditioned complete GOOD SAFES grow old but do not depre~late with age. All they require is an overhaul of the vulnerable parts and the addition of some modern fittings to give still greater security and durability for a long life. The result is that FISHERS RESTORED SAFES are as good as the new and so·;. cheaper. OLD SAFES taken in part payment. Do you have a safe at present which is too small (or large) for your needs, or one which requires adjustment or repair? It will pay you to consult us about It. We charge nothing for advice. Write or 'phone your requirements, which shall have our Immediate and careful attention. 112 BOTHWELL STREET FISHERS FOR SAFES GLASGOW, c.2 'Phan-Central 6332 "BURNS CHRONICLE" ADVERTISER LARGEST STOCK IN SCOTLAND of Best Grade Used Safes by makers of repute, e.g., Milners', Ratner, Chubb, John Tann, etc. Guaranteed sound and reconditioned complete GOOD SAFES grow old but do not depres:late with age. All they require Is an overhaul of the vulnerable parts and the addition of some modern fittings to give still greater security and durability for a long life. The result is that FISHERS RESTORED SAFES are as good as the new and 50°/. cheaper. OLD SAFES taken in part payment. Do you have a safe at present which is too small (or large) for your needs, or one which requires adjustment or repair? It will pay you to consult us about it. We charge nothing for advice. Write or 'phone your requirements, which shall have our immediate and careful attention. - . 112 BOTHWELL STREET FISHERS FOR SAFES GLASGOW, C.2 'Phone-Central 6332