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Drought Assessment Report Districts Tharparkar and Umerkot

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Drought Assessment Report Districts Tharparkar and Umerkot Rapid Assessment Report Draft (19th November 2014) Drought Assessment Report Districts Tharparkar and Umerkot 26th October -- 1st November 2014 Consortium Management Unit PEFSA V Table of Contents 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................... 4 2 THE CONTEXT ................................................................................................................ 6 2.1 Background ............................................................................................................................. 6 2.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1 Objective ....................................................................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 Approach to Assessment .............................................................................................................. 7 2.3 Demographics ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.4 Taluka wise Affected Union Councils of District Tharparkar .................................................. 9 3 MAIN FINDINGS ........................................................................................................... 11 3.1 Affected population and Migration ...................................................................................... 11 3.2 Drought Intensity and Condition .......................................................................................... 11 3.3 Relief and Assistance received .............................................................................................. 12 3.4 Coping Strategies .................................................................................................................. 12 3.5 Health and Nutrition ............................................................................................................. 12 3.6 Hygiene, Water & Sanitation ................................................................................................ 13 3.7 Livelihoods and income generation ...................................................................................... 14 3.7.1 Food & Agriculture ..................................................................................................................... 14 3.7.2 Livestock ..................................................................................................................................... 14 4 ANNEXURE ................................................................................................................. 16 4.1 Annex Taluka wise Union Councils of District Tharparkar .................................................... 16 4.2 Annex - Preliminary Travel/Assessment Plan ....................................................................... 18 4.3 Annex – Details of FGDs and Assessment Locations ............................................................. 19 4.4 Annex – List of KIIs conducted and Assessment Locations ................................................... 20 4.5 Annex – Checklist / Guidelines for meeting and discussion ................................................. 21 4.6 Annex – Checklist for Meeting with Health Facility Staff (PPHI, HANDS others) .................. 21 4.7 Annex – Checklist / Guidelines for discussion with LHWs / Marvi (Community Health Worker) ............................................................................................................................................. 22 4.8 Annex – Checklist / Guidelines for talking to a patient ......................................................... 22 4.9 Annex – Checklist for Focus Group Discussion in communities ........................................... 23 4.10 Annex –Guidelines for Focus Group Discussion in communities .......................................... 23 4.11 Annex – Checklist for Market Assessment ............................................................................ 26 4.12 Annex – Checklist Key Informant Interview (KII) .................................................................. 26 Acronyms Glossary Draft Drought Assessment Report for Districts Tharparkar and Umerkot 1 Executive Summary Thar region is mostly sand ridges and arid zone. Tharparkar has 1.2 million population, where only 5% of people reside in urban areas and the rest live in rural setups. The main sources of income in Thar region are arid agriculture, livestock rearing and daily wage labour. Droughts are a slow onset calamity; however, various signs do indicate to drought like situation. Droughts reoccur in Tharparkar region due to low rainfall, lack of means for irrigation, lack of resources for improving the existing arid agriculture, and continued desertification. Other problems are lack of adequate health facilities and its outreach to local communities, veterinary services for their livestock, protective measures from poisonous reptiles and lack of alternate yearlong livelihood activities for sustained living. Poverty and vulnerability rise with low or minimal rainfall especially during the months of July and August. Their livelihood sources shrink with negligible agricultural yield and with declining fodder sources and grazing opportunities large numbers of livestock either die or are struck with diseases. Consequently, the local population either migrate to farmlands and towns in the adjacent districts in search of alternate earning sources. The respondents of assessment study prioritized their immediate and long term needs. Their needs are grouped into short and long-term categories for ease and understanding to develop program interventions. The respondents pointed out the following immediate needs in the short-term; i. To ensure equitable distribution of wheat among affectees, ii. To include dry ration in the food distribution, iii. To ensure adequate food stocks till next (2015) monsoon season, iv. To provide seed grants for next sowing season i.e. July and August 2015; v. To provide fodder and vaccination for livestock; vi. To operationalize health facilities and address diarrhoea, measles and other sickness cases; vii. To provide mobile health services for reaching remote settlements (mobile outreach services), and viii. To ensure equitable coverage for food (nutrition) supplements. The respondents’ needs to mitigate droughts and its effects in the long-term are grouped as; ix. The respondents stressed for ensuring clean drinking water facilities through filtration systems (Reverse Osmosis plants) and to install solar powered water pumps on the existing wells, x. To ensure agriculture extension services and support for arid agriculture in Thar region, xi. To provide means for irrigation, xii. To support alternate livelihood income sources by promoting the traditional vocational activities, and xiii. To provide road network in desert areas and enable easy access to urban markets and for reaching health facilities and water points. 2 The Context 2.1 Background CMU and PEFSA V partner agencies received various calls and notifications regarding droughts in parts of Sindh province. The government notifications and reports from non-government organizations indicated that most of Tharparkar district and parts of adjoining districts were facing drought situation due to inadequate rainfall since last year. Therefore, a team of CMU staff along with volunteers from partner organizations planned a quick assessment of the drought affected areas of Tharparkar and Umerkot. The seven member team conducted focus group discussions and key informant interviews from 27th till 31st October 2014. 2.2 Methodology It was assumed that an initial assessment will help organizations to decide and plan a way forward and to investigate further information in order to plan and design specific interventions. The ‘Thar Drought Assessment’ study was planned to acquire firsthand information on droughts in Tharparkar region of Sindh Province. Available secondary information was accessed, and perception of affectees in drought-prone areas and other locals were acquired. The study broadly aimed for the following; 1. To gather information on drought affected areas of districts Tharparkar and Umerkot, 2. To acquire the views of the affectees and narrate the local perception about droughts and remedies, 3. To identify intervention for immediate relief to the drought affectees through short-term approach, 4. To broadly identify the numbers and location/Union Councils with vulnerable population who may be targeted through a long-term assistance approach. 2.2.1 Objective To acquire first hand information of the current drought situation and to work out a way forward for addressing the slow onset calamity. 2.2.2 Approach to Assessment The approach to conduct quick/rapid need assessment is detailed below; After receiving the information from various forums; government, media sources (both electronic and print) and non-government organizations, an assessment of District Tharparkar and some areas of District Umerkot was held during last week of October 2014. The team included seven members from CMU PEFSA along with members from consortium partners: one from Save the Children and two from Oxfam GB along with volunteers from local organizations: two from TRDP in Tharparkar & two from HANDS in Umerkot. The team visited PDMA and PNC, Health Dept. in Karachi. Administrative
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