La Porta D'oriente
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la porta d‘oriente marco beasley kiya tabassian constantinople Marco Beasley voice Kiya Tabassian setar, voice Didem Basar¸ kanun Tanya LaPerrière baroque violin Stefano Rocco archlute, baroque guitar Fabio Accurso lute Patrick Graham percussion Elinor Frey baroque cello Kiya Tabassian direction la porta d‘oriente 1 Dalla porta d’Oriente Giulio Caccini (c 1551-1618) 5:02 10 Versi Hafez (c 1325-c 1390) & Torquato Tasso 0:52 Nuove Musiche e nuova maniera di scriverle (Florence, 1614) Ghazal 3 & Gerusalemme liberata XII. 59-61 2 Zarb-e Fath (instr.) Ali Ufki (c 1610-1675) 3:57 11 Dialogo dei duellanti Claudio Monteverdi 1:46 MS Turc 292, National Library of France, Paris Combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda (Venice, 1624) 3 Quest’amore, quest’arsura Claudio Saracini (1586-1630) 4:55 12 La Canella (instr.) Pietro Paolo Borrono (1490-1563) 2:49 Le Seconde Musiche per cantar e sonar (Venice, 1620) Lautentabulaturen BSB-Hss Mus.ms 266 4 Che si può fare? Barbara Strozzi (1619-1677) 8:11 13 La campana sona! (tarantella) Anonymous (16th c.) 3:14 Arie a voce sola, op. 8 (Venice, 1664) 14 Samai Frenci Ali Ufki 1:45 5 Uyan ey Gözlerim Ali Ufki 5:39 MS Turc 292, National Library of France, Paris MS Turc 292, National Library of France, Paris 15 Samai Nishaburak (instr.) Ali Ufki 3:24 6 Prologo alla Notte Torquato Tasso (1544-1595) 1:21 MS Turc 292, National Library of France, Paris Gerusalemme liberata XII. 52-54 16 Como sencza la vita (tarantella, Naples) Anonymous 3:12 7 Notte, che nel profondo Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643) 3:17 Combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda (Venice, 1624) 17 Kürdi Pishrow (instr.) Sultan Korkut (1467-1513) 6:58 Mecmua-i Sâz ü Söz, British Library, London 8 Fath-e Bâb (instr.) Ali Ufki 3:23 MS Turc 292, National Library of France, Paris 18 Compendium Tarantulae (instr.) Athanasius Kircher (1602-1680) 4:14 Magnes sive De Arte Magnetica (Rome, 1641) 9 Fronni d’alia / Ey Sareban¯ ¯ Canto tradizionale / Kiya Tabassian 7:53 19 Morte di Clorinda Claudio Monteverdi 6:04 Combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda (Venice, 1624) The Gateway to the East In the spring of 1675, Antoine Galland – oriental- still foreign to Turkish musical culture that relied ist, avid traveller, and translator of the Tales of on oral transmission. As a palace page he received One Thousand and One Nights – returned to Paris a full Ottoman education, acquiring a new culture after a long and eventful journey in the Middle and a new religion. Bobowski converted to Islam, East. Among the treasures he had gathered during and took the name of Ali Ufki or Ufuki, ‘he who his travels was an intriguing musical manuscript comes from behind the horizon’, a poetic refer- from Constantinople, now in the National Library ence to his foreign origins. of France as MS Turc 292. Compiled by the Otto- man court musician Ali Ufki (c 1610-1675), and a Exceptionally talented and endowed with a lively unique reflection of the colourful musical and po- curiosity, Ali Ufki came to embody two cultures, etic universe he inhabited, this manuscript is the Ottoman and European – and he would make source of inspiration for this recording. treasure of it by continuously moving between the two worlds, and helping others to do the same. Ali Ufki was born as Wojciech Bobowski into a no- After gaining his freedom from palace service, ble family from Lvov, in what was then Poland. Ali Ufki worked as an interpreter for the Ottoman When he was still a young man, Bobowski was chancellery and entered the service of European captured by Crimean Tatars raiding Central Europe diplomats and travellers as a teacher, translator and brought to Constantinople a prisoner. Chosen and cultural intermediary, thus moving in the very to serve at the Ottoman court, he was assigned to heart of Constantinople’s intellectual life. For his the Seraglio’s musical ensemble, where for twenty European contacts, he was the source of irresist- years he sang and played the santur. He soon im- ible inside views of Turkish life and customs. He Ali Ufki pressed his masters with a miraculous ability to is said to have spoken no fewer than eighteen Steel engraving by Antoni Oleszczynski´ (1794–1879) memorize the songs he was taught – he wrote the languages, and was a prolific writer. His Turk- music down in Western staff notation, a practice ish translation of the Bible and his widely read 7 treatise De Turcarum liturgia explaining Islam to that Italian culture was particularly close to Ali credi and Clorinda, maybe the most moving epi- poet Sa’di, which tells of a lover’s suffering in European readers are vivid examples of his abili- Ufki’s heart, as he included many Italian writings sode of Jerusalem Delivered, famously set to mu- seeing a caravan carry away his beloved. Fronni ties to connect between cultures and religions. and poems, and even his notes to himself are in- sic by Claudio Monteverdi as the Combattimento di d’alia is a popular song in the rustic dialect of Ba- variably written in Italian. It is especially striking Tancredi e Clorinda in 1624. It tells of the Christian silicata about the girl Fronni d’alia (‘olive leafs’) The Seraglio’s music ensemble was a culturally to find various stories from Jerusalem Delivered, knight Tancredi who, deeply infatuated with the who is married off against her will, but vouches to diverse group, where Turkish musicians played a famous epic by Torquato Tasso (1544-1595). The Muslim warrior Clorinda, unwittingly kills his be- run away on her wedding night to sleep with her alongside musicians of many different origins. poem is set during the First Crusade of 1096, when loved in a nightly battle because he does not rec- true love. In many ways worlds apart, these songs Ottoman music built upon the rich musical and Christian armies set out to reconquer Jerusalem ognize her in her dark armour. A poignant story, are woven together in a way that brings out the literary traditions of Persia, and recent military from the Saracens. First published in 1581, it was in which love transcending cultural boundaries, shared themes of separation and lovers’ yearning conquests had brought many Persian musicians immensely popular, also because it struck a chord war as a dividing force, but especially the crucial that animate them both. to court. The musical ensemble was further enliv- in a time that Europe acutely felt the threat of ability to truly see and recognize the other are ened by captive palace pages such as Ali Ufki, who the expanding Ottoman empire. Revolving around key themes. All’arme, la campana sona commemorates a Turk- came from all over Europe and each brought the the opposition between East and West, Islam and ish attack on Sorrento in 1558, during which the melodies and traditions of their homeland with Christianity, Tasso’s poem captures the two sides Sung and recited in three parts, the story of Tan- town was sacked and most citizens taken away them. Ali Ufki himself describes in his memoirs coexisting within Ali Ufki’s own cultural identity, credi and Clorinda is joined by Turkish instrumen- as slaves to Constantinople – a fate very simi- how Italian music could be heard in the Sultan’s and must have held great personal significance tal peshrevs and semais, arias by Barbara Strozzi lar to what Ali Ufki would suffer some decades palace, due to the presence of an Italian choir for him. and Claudio Saracini, Persian ghazals, a Sufi hymn, later. This song is also meaningful in another way. master: ‘They, the Turks, have knowledge of Ital- and uplifting popular tarantellas from Southern One of the few to escape the attack was a young ian music: sultan Murad received as a gift from the This recording seeks to bring to life the manu- Italy, all effortlessly alternating and blending to- bride, Cornelia Tasso. The events so impressed her barbary pirates a very competent enslaved Italian script’s delightful variety, the ease and lightness gether. Oriental and Western song beautifully in- younger brother, the poet Torquato Tasso, that choir master, who composed many beautiful can- with which Ali Ufki moves between cultures and tertwine when the verses of the Persian poem Ey they would inspire him to write his Jerusalem zonette, and other songs for solo voice...’ musical genres. It unites music from Ottoman Sareban¯ ¯ are sung together with those of the Ital- Delivered, that would eventually find its way into and Persian tradition with songs from the Italian ian song Fronni d’alia. Ey Sareban¯ ¯ is a delicate, Ali Ufki’s manuscript, lovingly embraced by the Ali Ufki’s notebook, in which he recorded every- Renaissance, such as we can imagine have been sophisticated poem by the great medieval Persian melodies of the Ottoman court ... thing he learned and heard, allows us a unique performed by the Sultan’s Italian choir master. glimpse inside the Seraglio’s music room, as im- Together they evoke a colourful narrative ’about Marjolein van Zuylen mediate and enticing as if we were present our- war, about life and love, sufferings and distances, selves. Its densely scribbled pages are filled with and other such things’ – words once used by Ali poems and songs of a surprising variety of genres Ufki himself, when he described the essence of the and cultures, Ottoman music alternating with Eu- poems that were sung in the Seraglio. ropean compositions, lively folk tunes alongside courtly and spiritual songs. The manuscript shows At the heart of our narrative is the story of Tan- 8 9 La Porte d’Orient Au printemps 1675, Antoine Galland – orienta- pratique encore étrangère à la culture musicale liste, grand voyageur et traducteur des Mille et turque fondée sur la transmission orale.