United Nations/Argentina Workshop on the Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

United Nations/Argentina Workshop on the Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems United Nations/Argentina Workshop on the Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Organized jointly by the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs and the National Commission for Space Activities Co-organized and co-sponsored by the European Space Agency and the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems Falda Del Carmen, Argentina 19 – 23 March 2018 ABSTRACTS CONTENTS Argentina .................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Advances in the implementation of the UN Resolution on global geodetic reference frame in Argentina ............................................................................................................................ 4 Argentina .................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Hardware in the Loop Test Bed for Distributed Satellite Platform Orbit Control ................. 5 Brazil ........................................................................................................................................... 6 3. Russian-Brazilian SLR and GNSS monitoring stations: operation and recent research activities ................................................................................................................................. 6 Brazil ........................................................................................................................................... 7 4. GNSS infrastructure and services for positionning in Brazil .................................................. 7 Brazil ......................................................................................................................................... 10 5. Response of total electron content (TEC) at Brazilian low latitude to the occurrence of corotating interaction region and high speed streams during low solar activity ................ 10 Brazil ......................................................................................................................................... 12 6. Open-source hardware for GNSS education and research: The case of GNSS reflectometry applied to sea level monitoring ........................................................................................... 12 Brazil ......................................................................................................................................... 13 7. Assessment of real time relative GNSS positioning based on the Brazilian CORS Network 13 China ......................................................................................................................................... 14 8. Beidou high-precision positioning applications in the High Speed Rail industry ................ 14 China ......................................................................................................................................... 15 9. Status and Development Plan of Beidou System and Applications in Transportation ........ 15 Croatia....................................................................................................................................... 16 10. Initiative for concerted international co-operation on collection of GNSS Positioning Environment Data using Low-cost Sensors Networks ......................................................... 16 Ecuador ..................................................................................................................................... 20 11. Use and application of GNSS in the implementation of Navigation Based on Performance (PBN) in Ecuador .................................................................................................................. 20 Egypt ......................................................................................................................................... 22 12. Monitoring of Space Weather using the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) at the Space Weather Monitoring Center (SWMC), Egypt ............................................................. 22 France ....................................................................................................................................... 23 2 13. Training on GNSS and Space Weather in Africa in the framework of a North-South scientific network GIRGEA ................................................................................................... 23 Germany.................................................................................................................................... 24 14. GNSS Technology and ICAO’s “No Country Left Behind” Initiative Strategy for Nepal ....... 24 Italy ........................................................................................................................................... 27 15. Training Activities on GNSS Science and Applications: The ICTP - Boston College Partnership ........................................................................................................................... 27 Japan ......................................................................................................................................... 29 16. Dangers of Spoofing and Anati-SPOOFING SOLUTIONS ...................................................... 29 Latvia ........................................................................................................................................ 30 17. CORS “LatPos” multipurpose State geodetic network ........................................................ 30 Mexico ...................................................................................................................................... 32 18. Instrumentation and Capacity Building for Space Weather Activities: The Mexican Experience ............................................................................................................................ 32 Mexico ...................................................................................................................................... 33 19. Challenges of GNSS in Mexico ............................................................................................. 33 Mexico ...................................................................................................................................... 34 20. Capacity-building activities at CRECTEALC ........................................................................... 34 Mexico ...................................................................................................................................... 35 21. Areas of opportunity for GNSS applications in large-scale projects in Mexico ................... 35 Mexico ...................................................................................................................................... 36 22. Monitoring ionospheric perturbations during solar energetic events using GNSS data ..... 36 Morocco .................................................................................................................................... 37 23. CRASTE-LF’s contribution in GNSS Capacity Building in African French-Speaking Countries ............................................................................................................................................. 37 Paraguay ................................................................................................................................... 39 24. Very Small Aperture Terminal Sub-System .......................................................................... 39 Paraguay ................................................................................................................................... 40 25. GNSS technologies integrated to high altitude ballon payloads and other research applications as a tool for STEAM education in Paraguay..................................................... 40 Paraguay ................................................................................................................................... 42 26. Genesis of the Paraguayan Space Agency: a historical review ............................................ 42 Peru .......................................................................................................................................... 43 27. Space Weather and Conventional Weather for Civil Aviation in Low Latitude ................... 43 3 Spain ......................................................................................................................................... 46 28. GNSS education and promotional opportunities A vision from Spain ................................. 46 Thailand .................................................................................................................................... 47 29. GICGNSS: A university data and post-processing hub for GNSS .......................................... 47 Turkey ....................................................................................................................................... 49 30. GNSS Applications in Turkey ................................................................................................ 49 Venezuela .................................................................................................................................. 51 31. Supporting GNSS Applications in Latin America through SIRGAS reference frame ............ 51 Argentina Advances
Recommended publications
  • The Future of European Commercial Spacecraft Manufacturing
    The Future of European Commercial Spacecraft Manufacturing Report 58 May 2016 Cenan Al-Ekabi Short title: ESPI Report 58 ISSN: 2218-0931 (print), 2076-6688 (online) Published in May 2016 Editor and publisher: European Space Policy Institute, ESPI Schwarzenbergplatz 6 • 1030 Vienna • Austria http://www.espi.or.at Tel. +43 1 7181118-0; Fax -99 Rights reserved – No part of this report may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose with- out permission from ESPI. Citations and extracts to be published by other means are subject to mentioning “Source: ESPI Report 58; May 2016. All rights reserved” and sample transmission to ESPI before publishing. ESPI is not responsible for any losses, injury or damage caused to any person or property (including under contract, by negligence, product liability or otherwise) whether they may be direct or indirect, special, inciden- tal or consequential, resulting from the information contained in this publication. Design: Panthera.cc ESPI Report 58 2 May 2016 The Future of European Commercial Spacecraft Manufacturing Table of Contents Executive Summary 5 Introduction – Research Question 7 1. The Global Satellite Manufacturing Landscape 9 1.1 Introduction 9 1.2 Satellites in Operation 9 1.3 Describing the Satellite Industry Market 10 1.4 The Satellite Industry Value Chain 12 1.4.1 Upstream Revenue by Segment 13 1.4.2 Downstream Revenue by Segment 14 1.5 The Different Actors 15 1.5.1 Government as the Prominent Space Actor 15 1.5.2 Commercial Actors in Space 16 1.6 The Satellite Manufacturing Supply Chain 17 1.6.1 European Consolidation of the Spacecraft Manufacturing Industry 18 1.7 The Satellite Manufacturing Industry 19 1.7.1 The Six Prime Contractors 21 1.7.2 The Smaller Commercial Prime Contractors 23 1.7.3 Asian National Prime Contractors in the Commercial Market 23 1.7.4 European Prime Contractors’ Relative Position in the Global Industry 23 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Argentina Sienta Las Bases Para La Construcción Del Nuevo Satélite ARSAT-SG1
    › ACCESO EXCLUSIVO SUSCRIPTORES Publicidad Descargas Suscripción Registro Contacto Aviación en español desde 1982 › LATINOAMÉRICA › BRASIL AVIACIÓN ESPACIO AEROPUERTOS MRO / INDUSTRIA FORMACIÓN Y EMPLEO ESPACIO, LATINOAMÉRICA Argentina sienta las bases para la construcción del nuevo satélite ARSAT-SG1 24 julio 2020 12:55 pm a empresa de telecomunicaciones del Estado argentino dene con INVAP los detalles del LL contrato para la construcción y ensayos del nuevo satélite ARSAT-SG1. Que dará banda ancha satelital en sitios rurales con cobertura total en Argentina y parcial en países limítrofes, a precios accesibles. El lanzamiento está previsto para 2023. ARSAT está trabajando en el avance del proyecto del tercer satélite geoestacionario de su ota, el ARSAT Segunda Generación 1, o ARSAT-SG1, anteriormente denominado ARSAT-3. Será un satélite de alto rendimiento (High Throughput Satellite, HTS) para llevar conectividad de banda ancha en todo el territorio de la República Argentina. La compañía se encuentra en el proceso de negociaciones con INVAP para la rma de contrato de construcción y ensayos del ARSAT-SG1. ARSAT-SG1, además de ser el primero de alto rendimiento, será el primer satélite de la empresa en operar una carga útil en banda Ka. El satélite tendrá una capacidad de tráco de datos superior a los 50 Gbps en Argentina. El ingenio de nueva generación tendrá más de 30 haces que cubrirán la totalidad del territorio argentino continental, la isla de Tierra del Fuego y parte de los países limítrofes. Además, con este satélite se podrá ampliar las redes actuales 4G, y las futuras 5G, de los operadores de comunicaciones móviles.
    [Show full text]
  • Espinsights the Global Space Activity Monitor
    ESPInsights The Global Space Activity Monitor Issue 2 May–June 2019 CONTENTS FOCUS ..................................................................................................................... 1 European industrial leadership at stake ............................................................................ 1 SPACE POLICY AND PROGRAMMES .................................................................................... 2 EUROPE ................................................................................................................. 2 9th EU-ESA Space Council .......................................................................................... 2 Europe’s Martian ambitions take shape ......................................................................... 2 ESA’s advancements on Planetary Defence Systems ........................................................... 2 ESA prepares for rescuing Humans on Moon .................................................................... 3 ESA’s private partnerships ......................................................................................... 3 ESA’s international cooperation with Japan .................................................................... 3 New EU Parliament, new EU European Space Policy? ......................................................... 3 France reflects on its competitiveness and defence posture in space ...................................... 3 Germany joins consortium to support a European reusable rocket.........................................
    [Show full text]
  • IPAO Acronyms AA Associate Administrator AA/SMD Associate Administrator for the Science Mission Directorate AAA Assistant Asso
    Revised 2/7/2013 2:30 PM IPAO Acronyms AA Associate Administrator AA/SMD Associate Administrator for the Science Mission Directorate AAA Assistant Associate Administrator AAA Avionics Air Assembly ACE Attitude Control Electronics ACEIT Automated Cost Estimating Integrated Tools ACS Attitude Control System ADCS Attitude Determination and Control Subsystems ADCS Attitude Determination Control System ADD Architectural Description Document AETD Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate AF Air Force AGE Aerospace Ground Equipment AI&T Assembly, Integration and Test AIAA American Institute Of Aeronautics and Astronautics AIRS Atmospheric Infrared Sounder AIT Assembly, Integration and Test AMSR-E Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - Earth Observing System AO Administrative Officer AO Announcement of Opportunity AoA Analysis of Alternative AOCS Attitude and Orbit Control System APA Allowance for Program Adjustment APL Applied Physics Laboratory APMC Agency Program Management Council ARB Anomaly Review Board ARC Ames Research Center ARR Assembly Readiness Review ARR Assembly, Test, and Launch Operations Readiness Review ARR ATLO Readiness Review ARRA American Recovery and Reinvestment Act ART Anomaly Response Team ASEM American Society of Engineering Management ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit ASM Acquisition Strategy Meeting ASTER Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection ATK Alliant Techsystems Inc. ATLO Assembly, Test, and Launch Operations ATU ATLO Test Unit AU Astronomical Unit AVS Angular Velocity Sensor AWACS
    [Show full text]
  • Commercial Space Transportation Year in Review
    Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation (AST) January 2001 COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION: 2000 YEAR IN REVIEW Cover Photo Credits (from left): International Launch Services (2000). Image is of the Atlas 3A launch on May 24, 2000, from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. It successfully orbited the Eutelsat W4 communications satellite for Eutelsat. Boeing Corporation (1999). Image is of the Delta 2 7420 launch on July 10, 1999, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. It successfully orbited four Globalstar communications satellites for Globalstar, Inc. Orbital Sciences Corp. (1997). Image is of the Pegasus XL that launched August 1, 1997 and deployed the Orbview 2 (Seastar) remote sensing satellite. Sea Launch (1999). Image is of the inaugural Zenit 3SL launch on March 27, 1999, from the Odyssey Sea Launch Platform. 2000 YEAR IN REVIEW INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION In 2000, there were ten commercial launches 3A vehicle, which deployed a communications licensed by the Federal Aviation Administration spacecraft for Eutelsat. (FAA) for revenue that totaled about $625 million. This total represents seven launches Several new commercial space applications from U.S. ranges for commercial and contributed to the worldwide commercial launch government customers plus three launches by the total. Three Proton rockets deployed satellites multinational Sea Launch venture. for Sirius Satellite Radio, a company that will offer direct radio broadcast services to the United Overall, 35 worldwide commercial launches States. Three Soyuz vehicles carried cargo and a occurred in 2000. This number is slightly less cosmonaut crew to the Mir space station with than prior years (39 in 1999 and 41 in 1998). private financing from MirCorp, a company that However, the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • A B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
    A B 1 Name of Satellite, Alternate Names Country of Operator/Owner 2 AcrimSat (Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor) USA 3 Afristar USA 4 Agila 2 (Mabuhay 1) Philippines 5 Akebono (EXOS-D) Japan 6 ALOS (Advanced Land Observing Satellite; Daichi) Japan 7 Alsat-1 Algeria 8 Amazonas Brazil 9 AMC-1 (Americom 1, GE-1) USA 10 AMC-10 (Americom-10, GE 10) USA 11 AMC-11 (Americom-11, GE 11) USA 12 AMC-12 (Americom 12, Worldsat 2) USA 13 AMC-15 (Americom-15) USA 14 AMC-16 (Americom-16) USA 15 AMC-18 (Americom 18) USA 16 AMC-2 (Americom 2, GE-2) USA 17 AMC-23 (Worldsat 3) USA 18 AMC-3 (Americom 3, GE-3) USA 19 AMC-4 (Americom-4, GE-4) USA 20 AMC-5 (Americom-5, GE-5) USA 21 AMC-6 (Americom-6, GE-6) USA 22 AMC-7 (Americom-7, GE-7) USA 23 AMC-8 (Americom-8, GE-8, Aurora 3) USA 24 AMC-9 (Americom 9) USA 25 Amos 1 Israel 26 Amos 2 Israel 27 Amsat-Echo (Oscar 51, AO-51) USA 28 Amsat-Oscar 7 (AO-7) USA 29 Anik F1 Canada 30 Anik F1R Canada 31 Anik F2 Canada 32 Apstar 1 China (PR) 33 Apstar 1A (Apstar 3) China (PR) 34 Apstar 2R (Telstar 10) China (PR) 35 Apstar 6 China (PR) C D 1 Operator/Owner Users 2 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Government 3 WorldSpace Corp. Commercial 4 Mabuhay Philippines Satellite Corp. Commercial 5 Institute of Space and Aeronautical Science, University of Tokyo Civilian Research 6 Earth Observation Research and Application Center/JAXA Japan 7 Centre National des Techniques Spatiales (CNTS) Government 8 Hispamar (subsidiary of Hispasat - Spain) Commercial 9 SES Americom (SES Global) Commercial
    [Show full text]
  • 2013 Annual Report Cover
    2013 Annual Report Facilitating NextGen Implementation Through Consensus Government and Industry come together at RTCA to generate win-win solutions for aviation. —Margaret Jenny, President, RTCA RTCA | 2013 Annual Report TABLE OF CONTENTS President’s Message. 2 RTCA Governance . 3 Who is RTCA?. 4 RTCA Federal Advisory Committees. 5 Special Committees. 9 Publications . 14 Outreach . 15 Awards . 19 Membership . 22 Financial Report . 28 1 RTCA | 2013 Annual Report PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE Facilitating NextGen Implementation Through Consensus 2013 was an exciting time to be at RTCA. The RTCA is the venue fostering an effective partnership hundreds of participants in RTCA commit- between the FAA and the industry. More important tees hammered out consensus on tough than the numbers are the outcomes. Due in large issues, leading again to tangible outcomes measure to the positive track record of our commit- for the aviation community. Membership has tees, the FAA continues to rely on the RTCA venue to been at an all-time high and we are resolute help facilitate the modernization of the NAS. The FAA in our drive to deliver value to all of our over has incorporated many of the RTCA recommendations 440 member organizations. At the urg- into their implementation plans as well as their regula- ing of the FAA, we generated performance tory documents. Where their plans diverge from the standards for systems as diverse as ADS-B, recommendations, the FAA has provided rationale for lithium batteries, and airport security, and their decisions. This transparency and spirit of cooper- delivered policy recommendations aimed at ation has strengthened the public-private partnership RTCA Staff facilitating the successful implementation of NextGen.
    [Show full text]
  • NANOSATELLITES: ACTUAL MISSION THAT CAN PERFORM Natalia Vargas-Cuentas, Avid Roman-Gonzalez
    NANOSATELLITES: ACTUAL MISSION THAT CAN PERFORM Natalia Vargas-Cuentas, Avid Roman-Gonzalez To cite this version: Natalia Vargas-Cuentas, Avid Roman-Gonzalez. NANOSATELLITES: ACTUAL MISSION THAT CAN PERFORM. 67th International Astronautical Congress - IAC 2016, Sep 2016, Guadalajara, Mexico. hal-01403826 HAL Id: hal-01403826 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01403826 Submitted on 27 Nov 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. IAC-16, B4, 1,3,x34368 NANOSATELLITES: ACTUAL MISSION THAT CAN PERFORM Natalia I. Vargas-Cuentas Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades – UCH, Perú, [email protected] Avid Roman-Gonzalez Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades - UCH, Perú, [email protected] Today, thanks to the miniaturization of various electronic systems, one was developing small crafts called nano- satellite, which can be launched into space and complete the basic functions of a standard size satellite. During some years, it has been observed that the popularity of nano-satellites has grown considerably. Already several
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Space Activities in South America.Pdf
    Journal of Aeronautical History Revised 11 September 2018 Paper 2018/08 Review of Space Activities in South America Bruno Victorino Sarli, Space Generation Advisory Council, Brazil Marco Antonio Cabero Zabalaga, Space Generation Advisory Council, Bolivia Alejandro Lopez Telgie, Universidad de Concepción, Facultad de Ingeniería, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Chile Josué Cardoso dos Santos, São Paulo State University (FEG-UNESP), Brazil Brehme Dnapoli Reis de Mesquita, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão, Açailândia Campus, Brazil Avid Roman-Gonzalez, Space Generation Advisory Council, Peru Oscar Ojeda, Space Generation Advisory Council, Colombia Natalia Indira Vargas Cuentas, Space Generation Advisory Council, Bolivia Andrés Aguilar, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional Facultad Regional Delta, Argentina ABSTRACT This paper addresses the past and current efforts of the South American region in space. Space activities in the region date back to 1961; since then, South American countries have achieved a relatively modest capability through their national programs, and some international collaboration, with space activities in the region led primarily by the Brazilian and Argentinian space programs. In an era where missions explore the solar system and beyond, this paper focus on the participation of a region that is still in the early stages of its space technology development, yet has a considerable amount to offer in terms of material, specialized personnel, launch sites, and energy. In summary, this work presents a historical review of the main achievements in the South American region, and through analysis of past and present efforts, aims to project a trend for the future of space in South America. The paper also sets out current efforts of regional integration such as the South American Space Agency proposal.
    [Show full text]
  • Session 1 – SEGMENTED ARCHITECTURES/DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS
    Session 1 – SEGMENTED ARCHITECTURES/DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS SAR Satellite Mission Analysis and Implementation with Along-Track Formation Flying - IAA-LA2-01-01 Leonardo Cappuccio*; J. Lugo; P. Weder / INVAP *[email protected] Over the last few years, there has been a definite trend in the satellite industry that shows distributed mission concepts being increasingly considered in satisfying a vast diversity of needs. Some of the distributed missions are designed to fulfill specific goals which would not be possible to accomplish with monolithic satellite missions. Others take advantage of the new distributed scenarios to further optimize previously existing systems. A particular case is the utilization of the distributed concept to enhance some capabilities of satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) missions. In this context, an along-track flying formation composed of two polarimetric satellites is introduced, as a feasible alternative to single satellite SAR. This new approach is driven by a reduction of size and mass per satellite, making them suitable payloads for less expensive launch services. As an additional advantage, a supposed critical failure in one of the satellites would not imply the end of the whole mission, but only a degradation of the achieved performance. Replacement of a damaged satellite may also be considered, since it would represent a reduced fraction of the overall mission cost. Another interesting fact is that multiple mission phases, each with different formation geometries, could be possible as well, so that the same system could also be used, for example, in across-track configuration. The segmented architecture SAR presented in this work is possible because it relies on the reception of the echo information from two independent phase centers, one per satellite.
    [Show full text]
  • Emerging Spacefaring Nations Review of Selected Countries and Considerations for Europe
    + Full Report Emerging Spacefaring Nations Review of selected countries and considerations for Europe Report: Title: “ESPI Report 79 - Emerging Spacefaring Nations - Full Report” Published: June 2021 ISSN: 2218-0931 (print) • 2076-6688 (online) Editor and publisher: European Space Policy Institute (ESPI) Schwarzenbergplatz 6 • 1030 Vienna • Austria Phone: +43 1 718 11 18 -0 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: www.espi.or.at Rights reserved - No part of this report may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without permission from ESPI. Citations and extracts to be published by other means are subject to mentioning “ESPI Report 79 - Emerging Spacefaring Nations - Full Report, June 2021. All rights reserved” and sample transmission to ESPI before publishing. ESPI is not responsible for any losses, injury or damage caused to any person or property (including under contract, by negligence, product liability or otherwise) whether they may be direct or indirect, special, incidental or consequential, resulting from the information contained in this publication. Design: copylot.at Cover page picture credit: Shutterstock TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 ABOUT EMERGING SPACEFARING NATIONS ........................................................................................ 8 1.1 A more diverse international space community ................................................................................ 8 1.2 Defining and mapping space actors ..................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • ANFS/6-IP/04 International Civil Aviation Organization 30/05/19 South American Regional Office Sixth Meeting of Air Navigation A
    ANFS/6-IP/04 International Civil Aviation Organization 30/05/19 South American Regional Office Sixth Meeting of Air Navigation and Flight Safety Directors of the SAM Region (ANFS/6) (Lima, Peru, 24 to 26 June 2019) Agenda Item 1: Follow up to the implementation of national air navigation plans DEVELOPMENT OF A GBAS SYSTEM (Presented by Argentina) SUMMARY The National civil aviation administration (ANAC) of Argentina, together with INVAP S.E., a technology company, has developed a ground-based augmentation system (GBAS) precision approach and landing system, which has been implemented at the international airport of San Carlos de Bariloche - SAZS. It receives information from the visible satellites of the GPS constellation, makes corrections to pseudo-distance, monitors integrity, and generates and transmits type 1, 2, and 4 messages to support positioning and Cat I precision approaches, as specified in ICAO Annex 10, Aeronautical telecommunications, Vol. 1. ICAO strategic The issue under reference tends to meet the strategic objectives established by ICAO objectives: for the period 2005-2010, in its CONSOLIDATED VISION AND MISSION STATEMENT adopted by the Council on 17 December 2004, namely: A) Safety – Enhance global civil aviation safety; B) Security – Enhance global civil aviation security; C) Environmental protection - Minimise the adverse effect of global civil aviation on the environment; D) Efficiency – Enhance the efficiency of aviation operations; and E) Continuity – Maintain the continuity of aviation operations. Likewise, the topic falls within the strategic objectives of the Global air navigation plan (GANP) 2013 – 2028. References: - Annex 10, Aeronautical Telecommunications, Vol. I, Radio Navigation Aids - Annex 14, Aerodromes, Vol.
    [Show full text]