Media Analysis of US Election Insights from Pressrelations Gmbh | Analysis Period: 08/01/2020 – 11/04/2020 2020
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2020 Media Analysis of US Election Insights from pressrelations GmbH | Analysis period: 08/01/2020 – 11/04/2020 2020 Contents Media and opinion leaders Opinion leaders 15 Sentiment and NewsGuardScore 16 Disinformation 18 Media attention and sentiment 20 Introduction Sentiment of the US journalists 22 Study design 3 Sentiment of the DACH journalists 23 Methodology 4 Coverage over time 5 Twitter Time course 25 Donald Trump against Joe Biden: General Twitter baseline data 26 Media Resonance 6 Credibility of the linked media 27 Policy areas and topics 7 Most interactive content and peaks 28 US and DACH media: Media presence 10 US and DACH media: Sentiment 11 Summary & comparison with 2016 29 TV coverage Appendix Time course 12 Media dossier 33 Media attention and sentiment 13 Journalist dossier 59 12/01/2020 | MEDIENANALYSE ZUM US-WAHLKAMPF | Analysezeitraum: 01.08.20 – 04.11.2020. PAGE 2 2020 Introduction and Study Design In cooperation with the Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, board (to the InfoBoard). Selected reports from 16 online media sources Information Processing and Ergonomics FKIE and NewsGuard, pressrelations were coded by pressrelations’ analysts according to qualitative criteria. The is investigating media coverage of the US election campaign. The selected media included eight US media outlets and eight online media credibility of the sources and the role of disinformation are particularly in channels from Germany, Austria and Switzerland (DACH), which were focus. The joint project consists of a qualitative media analysis that analyzed for the period from August 1 to November 4, 2020. In addition, TV combines human and technical intelligence via a hybrid model. In order to coverage from CNN, Fox News, and ARD, as well as tweets by Donald Trump follow the reporting in real time, a fully automated quantitative analysis is and Joe Biden were analyzed. also available. The results, based on articles from 426 online media sources from five countries, can be accessed online via a real-time information Selected time window of qualitative analysis 12/01/2020 | MEDIA ANALYSIS OF THE US ELECTION CAMPAIGN | Analysis period: 08/01/20 - 11/04/2020. PAGE 3 2020 Introduction and Methodology This analysis includes evaluation and mapping of the media landscape from than 60, it does not meet the journalistic requirements and is marked red. Pages different perspectives and is based on extensive data collection of media rated as credible receive a green symbol (see p. 16). reports made public on the Internet and television. Because while social media plays an important role as a news source for many people in the U.S., according To highlight potential differences in election coverage from trustworthy and to the Reuters Digital News Report study, television remains the most important untrustworthy sources, four sources evaluated by NewsGuard were selected for source for news and political information for about half of the Americans. That is both the US media and the DACH media (see p. 29 ff.). Furthermore, in the the result of a Pew Research Center study. analysis - whose underlying media set (excluding TV) consists equally of media with a Newsguard score above1 and below2 60 - all articles were analyzed for To deal with the immense amount of news on the US election campaign, the the presence of disinformation. The definition can be found e.g. at bpb. If it is an manual analysis was carried out on the basis of a representative sample in a (in-)direct quote from a candidate with false information, the code selected media set of 19 media sources in total. This media set consists of a "Disinformation: statement by candidate" was used3. selection of media from the USA and the DACH region with high and low credibility in order to investigate both qualitative and regional differences. All articles that addressed at least one of the four candidates running for the US presidency and vice presidency were examined. In order to measure the degree of credibility and the share of unreliable information sources in the coverage of the candidates, the credibility and transparency of the source was defined as an essential analysis criterion in addition to the sentiment of the reporting. For this purpose, pressrelations works with the NewsGuard Score - a rating system for news websites. Media outlets are analyzed by trained journalists according to pressrelations and its partners are politically independent and do not support nine credibility and transparency criteria and evaluated according to a point political parties, platforms, campaigns, or candidates. If you have any system. A total of 100 points can be achieved. If a media achieves a lower score questions, please feel free to contact us. 1 Fox News (US), The New York Times (US), The Washington Post (US), USA Today (US), Der Spiegel (D), Welt (D), Neue Züricher Zeitung (CH) ² Breitbart News (US), Daily Wire (US), The Gateway Pundit (US), TMZ (US), RT Deutsch (D), The Epoch Times Deutschland, Kronen Zeitung (AT), jouwatch (D) 3 To check if it is disinformation, several websites have been used which are specialized in detecting, checking, and correcting misinformation (Politifact, FactCheck.org, AP News, CNN). 12/01/2020 | MEDIA ANALYSIS OF THE US ELECTION CAMPAIGN | Analysis period: 08/01/20 - 11/04/2020. PAGE 4 2020 COVERAGE OVER TIME The TV Debates and Trump's Coronavirus Infection Generate the Most Attention Coverage by number of articles | August 01 – November 04 10/27 Amy Coney Barrett's First TV Debate 09/30 nomination has been 11/03 800 confirmed Election Day 09/09 Donald Trump 02/10 Donald Trump has proposed for Nobel Peace been infected with 08/18 DNC 23.10. Last TV 08/26 RNC Prize coronavirus Debate 08/31 Riots at the 600 protests 08.10. Vice 08/12 Kamala Harris is Presidential Debate nominated for Vice President 400 200 0 August September October Donald Trump Mike Pence Kamala Harris Joe Biden 12/01/2020 | MEDIA ANALYSIS OF THE US ELECTION CAMPAIGN | Selected Online and TV Media | USA + DACH | Analysis period: 08/01/20 - 11/04/2020. PAGE 5 2020 MEDIA RESONANCE Sharp Polarization of Media Coverage in the USA Biden Exclusivity Exclusivity August 20% 37% 43% 0% August 15% 36% 47% 2% Trump September 18% 37% 42% 3 % September 9% 40% 50% 2% October 22% 31% 47% 1% October 8% 32% 59% 1% 39.711 22.778 articles in total articles in total (until 11/04) (until 11/04) Exclusive Focus Marginal Mention Exclusive Focus Marginal Mention Reach in billion | Ø Sentiment Aug – Nov 04 Reach in billion | Ø Sentiment Aug – Nov 04 trustworthy* not trustworthy trustworthy not trustworthy USA DACH USA DACH USA DACH USA DACH 162,9 | -0,21 32,6 | -0,19 10,6 | 0,12 1,2 | +/- 0 88,7 | -0,01 14,5 | 0,07 6,5 | -0,31 0,5 | -0,09 SENTIMENT negative -1 1 positive NEWSGUARD SCORE (SEE APPENDIX) ≥ 60 trustworthy < 60 not trustworthy 12/01/2020 | MEDIA ANALYSIS OF THE US ELECTION CAMPAIGN | Selected Online and TV Media | USA + DACH | Sentiment: from -1 to +1 | Analysis period: 08/01/20 - 11/04/2020. PAGE 6 2020 POLICY AREAS AND TOPICS I Biden Positions Himself More Strongly in Health and Environmental Policy Biden Policy area by name & sentiment (%) Policy area by name & sentiment (%) Top 3 over time Top 3 over time 42% 51% Trump 33% 29% 25% 26% August September October August September October 08/03 08/31 09/28 10/26 08/03 08/31 09/28 10/26 Domestic policy | domestic security Economy and taxes Foreign policy Domestic policy | domestic security Economy and taxes Health policy 1. Domestic policy | domestic security 1. Domestic policy | domestic security 2. Economy and taxes 2. Economy and taxes 3. Foreign policy 3. Health policy 4. Health policy 4. Foreign policy 5. Defense and army 5. Environmental policy 6. Social policy 6. Social policy 7. Immigration 7. Defense and army 8. Environmental policy 8. Immigration 9. Education 9. Education 10. Agricultural policy 10. Agricultural policy s SENTIMENT negative neutral positive 12/01/2020 | MEDIA ANALYSIS OF THE US ELECTION CAMPAIGN | Selected Online and TV Media | USA + DACH | Sentiment: from -1 to +1 | Analysis period: 08/01/20 - 11/04/2020. PAGE 7 2020 POLICY AREAS AND TOPICS II The Election Campaign, Coronavirus and Racism Dominate Media Coverage Biden Top 10 topics by mentioning & sentiment (in %) Top 10 topics by mentioning & sentiment (in %) Top 3 over time Top 3 over time 66% 75% Trump 46% 46% 30% 20% 20% 9% 17% 3% August September October August September October 08/03 08/31 09/28 10/26 08/03 08/31 09/28 10/26 Election campaign Coronavirus Racism | Inequality Election campaign Coronavirus Racism | Inequality 1. Election campaign 1. Election campaign 2. Coronavirus 2. Coronavirus 3. Racism | Inequality 3. Racism | Inequality 4. Election fraud 4. Financial Records 5. (Mental) Health of the candidates 5. (Mental) Health of the candidates 6. Media | Communication 6. Supreme Court 7. Supreme Court 7. Election fraud 8. Financial Records 8. Media | Communication 9. Natural disasters management 9. Police reform 10. Police reform 10. Gun ownership SENTIMENT negative neutral positive 12/01/2020 | MEDIA ANALYSIS OF THE US ELECTION CAMPAIGN | Selected Online and TV Media | USA + DACH | Sentiment: from -1 to +1 | Analysis period: 08/01/20 - 11/04/2020. PAGE 8 2020 POLICY AREAS AND TOPICS Domestic Political Differences Are Reflected in the Reporting An analysis of the political areas and issues from August to the day after the The area of domestic policy | domestic security is clearly in focus, election reveals a curious lack of content-programmatic discourse for a especially during CW 36, when, as a result of riots at the protests against presidential election.