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Urba n Development Bounda ries

a ka Urba n G rowth Bounda ry a ka Urba n Limit Line a ka Urba n Rura l Bounda ry a ka Fill in the Bla nk Bounda ry

ANNUAL C ALAFC O C ONFERENC E SEPTEMBER 2015

Purpose of Disc ussion

 C ompa re a nd c ontra st Spheres of
Influenc e with different types of Urba n Development Bounda ries

 Desc ribe methods of Urba n
Development Bounda ry esta blishment a nd ma intena nc e

 LAFC Os role c onc erning UDBs a nd how it c ould impa c t dec ision ma king

Urba n G rowth Bounda ries in the USA

 Sourc e: Wikipedia  The U.S. sta tes of Oregon, Wa shington, a nd
Tennessee require c ities to esta blish urba n growth bounda ries.

 C a lifornia requires ea c h c ounty to ha ve a
Loc a l Agenc y Forma tion C ommission, whic h sets urba n growth bounda ries for ea c h c ity a nd town in the c ounty.

Urba n G rowth Bounda ries in the USA

 Sourc e: Wikipedia  The U.S. sta tes of Oregon, Wa shington, a nd Tennessee require c ities to esta blish urba n growth bounda ries.

 C a lifornia requires ea c h c ounty to ha ve a Loc a l Agenc y Forma tion C ommission, whic h sets SOIs whic h a c t a s urba n growth bounda ries for ea c h c ity a nd town in the c ounty.

UDB vs SOI

 Are they the sa me ?  If a C ity a dopts a UDB, should the
LAFC o a lwa ys a dopt a n SOI tha t is c oterminous to the UDB?

 Whic h one should get a dopted first?  Why should LAFC os c a re a bout where
UDBs a re dra wn?

C onsidera tions for SOIs

(1) The present a nd pla nned la nd uses in the a rea , inc luding a gric ultura l a nd open-spa c e la nds.

(2) The present a nd proba ble need for public fa c ilities a nd servic es in the a rea .

(3) The present c a pa c ity of public fa c ilities a nd a dequa c y of public servic es tha t the a genc y provides or is a uthorized to provide.

(4) The existenc e of a ny soc ia l or ec onomic c ommunities of interest in the a rea if the c ommission determines tha t they a re releva nt to the a genc y.

(5) … the present a nd proba ble need for those public fa c ilities a nd servic es of a ny disa dva nta ged uninc orpora ted c ommunities within the existing sphere of influenc e.

C KH Sec tion 56425(e)

Sphere of Influenc e Definition

"Sphere of influenc e" mea ns a pla n for the proba ble physic a l bounda ries a nd servic e a rea of a loc a l a genc y, a s determined by the c ommission.

Ma y a lso be more refined ba sed on loc a l polic ies esta blished to reflec t unique c irc umsta nc es

Sec onda ry Spheres Servic e Spheres Urba n Servic e Area s

C KH Sec tion 56076

UDB Definition

An Urba n Development Bounda ry is a politic a lly determined “line” tha t is dra wn a round a n urba nized a rea , outside of whic h new urba n development is severely restric ted or prohibited.

UDB Types

Single jurisdic tion Bounda ry – dra wn by a

C ity or C ounty (mo s t in C A)

Urba n G rowth Bounda ry Urba n Limit Line Area /Spec ific Pla n Area s

Regiona l Bounda ry – dra wn a round multiple jurisdic tions by a regiona l

a genc y (P o r tl a n d m e t ro a r e a, T a hoe Reg i o nal Pl a n n i n g Agenc   y)

UDB vs SOI

SOIs a re a ll a bout provision of servic es UDBs a re a ll a bout growth ma na gement

SOIs a re required by C A la w UDBs a re not required by C A la w

SOIs a dopted by LAFC os UDBs a dopted by a c ity or c ounty

UDB’s in C a lifornia

Where: Mostly in the C entra l Va lley a nd SF

Ba y Area . Muc h less in Southern C a l.

When: 35% before 1990, 55% between

1990 a nd 2000, 10% a fter 2000.

How: Most by C ity C ounc il a doption.

Some by Ba llot Box. A few by C ounty Boa rd of Supervisors

Sourc e: University of Mic higa n, 2004

Determining the Size of a UDB

Ha nford Exa mple – Popula tion 45,860 1. Projec t the popula tion 20 yea rs in 2035 (90,000 people)

2. Projec t the number of housing units needed
(30,000 tota l)

3. Determine the future density of development 4. Determine the a mount of va c a nt la nd needed to build 30,000 housing units, inc luding infill sites

5. Add a dditiona l la nd for ma rket flexibility

Ha nford Proposed La nd Use Ma p Determining the Loc a tion of a UDB

Best Pra c tic es 1. Along na tura l physic a l bounda ries 2. Along existing or future ma jor tra vel wa ys 3. Along signific a nt c ha nges in topology 4. Any existing fea tures tha t c ould buffer urba nized la nd from rura l or a gric ultura l la nd.

5. Existing pa rc el lines.

The loc a tion of line must be c lea rly defined.

UDB Along Na tura l Physic a l Bounda ry

  • UDB Along Ma jor Roa dwa y
  • UDB Along Existing Fea tures
  • UDB Along Future Roa dwa y
  • UDB with No Physic a l Fea tures
  • Method of Review

 5 yea rs or 10 yea rs a re typic a l  Reviewed when predetermined buildout sta tistic s a re met

 Spec ified number of a c res left undeveloped  Spec ified number of permits pulled

 Review does not a lwa ys result in a n expa nsion.

Voter Esta blished UDB

Na pa C ounty Exa mple – Agric ultura l Preserve

 Proposed by the in order to protec t produc tive a gric ultura l la nds a nd ma inta in a distinc t identity to the c ommunity

 Estima tes in the1960s ha d Na pa C ounty’s popula tion following the trend within the Sa nta C la ra Va lley, with the C ity of Na pa potentia lly rea c hing upwa rds of 200,000 residents by 2000

Voter Esta blished UDB

 Essentia lly a n Urba n Limit Line tha t prevents growth into a gric ultura l a rea s

 Ha s limited growth in order to preserve wha t wa s seen a s the essentia l industry in the a rea

 Na pa ’s c urrent popula tion wa s a pproxima tely
77,881, a c c ording to Na pa LAFC o in 2014

 Approxima tely 150% lower tha n otherwise expec ted growth

Agric ultura l Preserve - Na pa

LAFC o SOIs must c onsider the limita tions of popula tion growth a nd extension of servic es into these a rea s during MSRs a nd SOI upda tes.

Ana lyzed a s pa rt of the “Tertia ry Sub-Area ” within the 2014 SOI Upda te by Na pa LAFC o for the C ity of Na pa

“… c a n not be   ac c u r a t e l y d e s c ri b ed   as pa r t o f t he C ity ’ s “p r o bab l e bounda r y a n d s e r v i c   e a r e a” d u e to th e i r   d e s i g nat i o n f o r ag r ic u l tur a l a n d open s p ac   e u s e un d er   t he C   ounty’s G e n e r a l P l a n a n d   the ab s e n c e   of C i ty a c t i o n t o a mend i ts G e n e r a l P l a n a n d RUL. T h e f a c t th a t t he T e r ti a r y Stu d y A r e a i s a l so c o ve r e d by t he C   ounty’s r e s tric ti o ns aga i n st the c onv e r si o n t o ur b an u s e o f ag r ic u l tur a l a n d open s p ac e l a n d s u n d er Mea s ure   P furth e r i n d i c a t e s t he   c u r r e n t i m p r o bab i lity o f c o ns i d e r i n g   th e s e su b - a r e as   as e l i g i b l e   f o r annexat i o n t o the C   ity. “

Agric ultura l Preserve - Na pa

 Multiple impa c ts a s it rela tes to la nd use pla nning a nd growth

 G enera l Pla ns must be c onsistent  Loc a l Zoning ordina nc es must be c onsistent

 All La nd Use dec isions must essentia lly mirror the a doption of the Agric ultura l Preserve.

 MSRs, SOI Upda tes a nd future a nnexa tions must then a lso be c onsistent

LAFC O’s Role C onc erning UDBs

Response Approa c h – a fter it is a dopted

 Eva lua te in Munic ipa l Servic e Review  Dra w Sphere of Influenc e Roughly C oterminous

Pa rtic ipa tory Approa c h – before it is a dopted

 Observe a nd/or c omment on the esta blishment of a
“UDB,” a s it ma y be na med ma ny things

 Provide forma l c omments on a Dra ft EIR  C olla bora te with C ity Sta ff who a re prepa ring the UDB

URBAN SERVICE AREAS

Unique Growth Management Tool in

Santa Clara County

. Neelima Palacherla
. LAFCO of Santa Clara County

CALAFCO CONFERENCE
. September 3, 2015

1

Santa Clara County

2

Santa Clara County

Land Area:

1,290 sq. mi.

Population:

1.89 million
15 cities 95% of population lives in cities

3

Dramatic Growth Statewide & in Santa Clara County

Santa Clara County’s population nearly doubled in the

50s and the 60s

1,200,000 1,000,000
800,000 600,000 400,000 200,000
-

1950 1960 1970

4

San Jose Annexations 1944-1975

5

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