Graphology: an Interface Between Biology, Psychology and Neuroscience
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A Century of Social Psychology: Individuals, Ideas, and Investigations GEORGE R
1 A Century of Social Psychology: Individuals, Ideas, and Investigations GEORGE R. GOETHALS ^ f INTRODUCTION This chapter tells an exciting story of intellectual discovery. At the start of the twentieth century, social psy- chology began addressing age-old philosophical questions using scientific methods. What was the nature of human nature, and did the human condition make it possible for people to work together for good rather than for evil? Social pschology first addressed these questions by looking at the overall impact of groups on individuals and then began to explore more refined questions about social influence and social perception. How do we understand persuasion, stereotypes and prejudice, differences between men and women, and how culture affects thoughts and behavior? In 1954, in his classic chapter on the historical govem themselves. In The Republic, Plato argued that background of modem social psychology, Gordon men organize themselves and form governments Allport nominated Auguste Comte as the founder because they cannot achieve all their goals as of social psychology as a science. He noted that individuals. They are interdependent. Some kind of Comte, the French philosopher and founder of social organization is required. Various forms emerge, positivism, had previously, in 1839, identified depending on the situation, including aristocracy, sociology as a separate discipline. In fact, sociology oligarchy, democracy, and tyranny. Plato clearly did not really exist, but Comte saw it coming. favored aristocracy, where the wise and just govern, Allport notes that 'one might say that Comte and allow individuals to develop their full potential. christened sociology many years before it was Whatever the form, social organization and govem- born' (Allport, 1968: 6). -
Graphologist
Confessions of a (Former) Graphologist A first-hand report of one man's entry into the field of graphology, his later deep involvement with the practice, and his subsequent disillusionment. Along the way he encountered a continuing lack of scientific validation and a refusal of graphologists to face graphology's validity problems. ROBERT J. TRIPICIAN round 1972 I happened upon a magazine article describing handwriting analysis. The article got my A immediate attention as it showed a sample of hand- writing that closely resembled that of a co-worker. The per- sonality factors described in the analysis of this sample appeared to match the co-worker's personality very closely. This piqued my interest. After retirement I pursued the study and practice of graphology rather heavily, even becoming a Certified Professional Graphologist. I soon found that while texts on the subject are in general agreement regarding the meaning and interpretation of individual handwriting features, none of them describe an orderly approach to developing a com- 4 4 January/February 2000 SKEPTICAL INQUIRER plete profile. Indeed, developing profiles is described as an eso- with a sharp point denotes a sharp temper. teric and intuitive process. Furthermore, none of the texts d. A lower case p with a spike at the top (see figure 4) is describe an orderly method of recording notes. interpreted to mean that the writer is argumentative. However, I subsequently developed a computer database to automate as in the case of the capital letter /, this formation was taught the note-taking process and eliminate die need for memoriz- in both the Mills and Palmer Method systems as the standard. -
A Comparison of the Extroversion-Introversion Scale Of
University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Student Work 4-1993 A Comparison of the Extroversion-Introversion Scale of the Mvers- Briggs Type Indicator to the Handwriting Traits Which Indicate Extroversion or Introversion: A Graphology Validity Study Steven G. Bode University of Nebraska at Omaha Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork Part of the Counseling Commons Recommended Citation Bode, Steven G., "A Comparison of the Extroversion-Introversion Scale of the Mvers-Briggs Type Indicator to the Handwriting Traits Which Indicate Extroversion or Introversion: A Graphology Validity Study" (1993). Student Work. 252. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork/252 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Work by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Comparison of the Extroversion-Introversion Scale of the Mvers-Briggs Type Indicator to the Handwriting Traits Which Indicate Extroversion or Introversion: A Graphology Validity Study A Thesis Presented to the Department of Counseling and Guidance and the Faculty of the Graduate College University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts University of Nebraska at Omaha by Steven G. Bode April, 1993 UMI Number: EP72898 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. -
The Legal Implications of Graphology
Washington University Law Review Volume 75 Issue 3 January 1997 The Legal Implications of Graphology Julie A. Spohn Washington University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_lawreview Recommended Citation Julie A. Spohn, The Legal Implications of Graphology, 75 WASH. U. L. Q. 1307 (1997). Available at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_lawreview/vol75/iss3/6 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington University Law Review by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF GRAPHOLOGY I. INTRODUCTON Graphology, "the alleged science of divining personality from handwriting,"1 is for many American employers a tool for making various employment decisions. In recent years, American employers' use of graphology in employment decisions has increased.2 Today, about six thousand American companies report using graphology;3 however, this 1. Joe Nickell, A Brief History of Graphology, in THE WRITE STUFF: EVALUATIONS OF GRAPHOLOGY, THE STUDY OF HANDWRITING ANALYSIS 23, 23 (Barry L. Beyerstein & Dale F. Beyerstein eds., 1992). Writers sometimes use the term "graphology" interchangeably with "graphoanalysis" or "handwriting analysis." However, "graphoanalysis" refers only to the type of graphology practiced by Graphoanalysts, a trademarked name for graduates of Chicago's International Graphoanalysis Society. See id. at 21-22. This Note uses the term "graphology" to refer to graphology in general and to distinguish graphology from the handwriting analysis that questioned document examiners use to identify handwriting in forgeries and other cases. -
Dissociation and the Unconscious Mind: Nineteenth-Century Perspectives on Mediumship
Journal of Scientifi c Exploration, Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 537–596, 2020 0892-3310/20 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Dissociation and the Unconscious Mind: Nineteenth-Century Perspectives on Mediumship C!"#$% S. A#&!"!'$ Parapsychology Foundation [email protected] Submitted December 18, 2019; Accepted March 21, 2020; Published September 15, 2020 https://doi.org/10.31275/20201735 Creative Commons License CC-BY-NC Abstract—There is a long history of discussions of mediumship as related to dissociation and the unconscious mind during the nineteenth century. A! er an overview of relevant ideas and observations from the mesmeric, hypnosis, and spiritualistic literatures, I focus on the writings of Jules Baillarger, Alfred Binet, Paul Blocq, Théodore Flournoy, Jules Héricourt, William James, Pierre Janet, Ambroise August Liébeault, Frederic W. H. Myers, Julian Ochorowicz, Charles Richet, Hippolyte Taine, Paul Tascher, and Edouard von Hartmann. While some of their ideas reduced mediumship solely to intra-psychic processes, others considered as well veridical phenomena. The speculations of these individuals, involving personation, and di" erent memory states, were part of a general interest in the unconscious mind, and in automatisms, hysteria, and hypnosis during the period in question. Similar ideas continued into the twentieth century. Keywords: mediumship; dissociation; secondary personalities; Frederic W. H. Myers; Théodore Flournoy; Pierre Janet INTRODUCTION Dissociation, a process involving the disconnection of a sense of identity, physical sensations, and memory from conscious experience, has been related to mediumship due to the latter’s sensory and motor automatism and changes of identity. In recent years there have been some conceptual discussions of dissociation and mediumship (e.g., Maraldi et al., 2019) as well as empirical studies exploring their 538 Carlos S. -
Challenges of Humanistic Psychology for Secondary Education Walter P
Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 7-1972 Challenges of Humanistic Psychology for Secondary Education Walter P. Dember Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Education Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CHALLENGES OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY FOR SECONDARY EDUCATION By Walter P. Dember B.B.A., St. Bo11aventu.re University, 19.52 M.S., Niagara University, 1970 ~ ! ' ' ,.1. A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Walden University July, 1972 ~~-· ., . ABSTRACT CHALLENGES OF HUMANISTIC P&"YCHOLOGY FOR SECONDARY EDUCATION By Walter P. Dember E.B.A., St. Bonaventure University, 1952 M.S., Niagara University, 1970 Frederick C. Spei , Ed. D., Advisor School Administrator, Buffalo Public Schools Buffalo, New York A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Walden University July, 1972 ----~-----..,.------------------------.....·-::r, • ABSTRACT CHALLENGES OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY FOR SECONDARY EDUCATION A new conception of man is now being unfolded in a very different orientation toward p~chology or in a new p~chology called "Humanistic Psychology." It is the purpose of this thesis to arrive at these new concepts of man through research into the writings of and about four hnma:nistic p~chologists--Gordon W. -
THE MYTH of LOGICAL BEHAVIOURISM and the ORIGINS of the IDENTITY THEORY Sean Crawford the Identity Theory's Rapid Rise to Asce
THE MYTH OF LOGICAL BEHAVIOURISM AND THE ORIGINS OF THE IDENTITY THEORY Sean Crawford The identity theory’s rapid rise to ascendancy in analytic philosophy of mind during the late 1950s and early 1960s is often said to have constituted a sea change in perspective on the mind-body problem. According to the standard story, logical or analytical behaviourism was analytic philosophy of mind’s first original materialist-monist solution to the mind-body problem and served to reign in various metaphysically extravagant forms of dualism and introspectionism. It is understood to be a broadly logico-semantic doctrine about the meaning or definition of mental terms, namely, that they refer to dispositions to engage in forms of overt physical behaviour. Logical/analytical behaviourism then eventually gave way, so the standard story goes, in the early 1960s, to analytical philosophy’s second original materialist-monist solution to the mind-body problem, the mind-brain identity theory, understood to be an ontological doctrine declaring states of sensory consciousness to be physical states of the brain and wider nervous system. Of crucial importance here is the widely held notion that whereas logical behaviourism had proposed an identity between the meanings of mental and physical- behavioural concepts or predicates—an identity that was ascertainable a priori through conceptual analysis—the identity theory proposed an identity between mental and physical properties, an identity that could only be established a posteriori through empirical scientific investigation. John Searle (2004) has recently described the transition thus: [logical behaviourism] was gradually replaced among materialist-minded philosophers by a doctrine called “physicalism,” sometimes called the “identity theory.” The physicalists said that Descartes was not wrong, as the logical behaviourists had claimed, as a matter of logic, but just as a matter of fact. -
Graphopsychology
GRAPHOPSYCHOLOGY ABSTRACT Today’s crime scenario and sophisticated crime type has put the investigators into most difficult situations of crime solving. Nowadays criminals are not only trained for executing crimes but are also trained mentally and physically to withstand any type of physical or mental torture if caught. The use of third degree on these sophisticated criminals has failed which was on first hand was unlawful and on the other hand was not an appropriate method of interrogation. The major challenge which the investigators face is of multiple suspects in a single crime. And exposure of all the suspects to multiple methods of interrogation is again a cumbersome process and definitely not a fool proof methods. New techniques have been developed by scientists and researchers in terms of exposing the suspects to tests wherein their mental level, status and their motives can be known. In this due course various psychological tools has been developed which are now have become a major forensic tool for investigation which comes under the purview of forensic psychology. Being subjective in nature reports developed out of forensic psychological tools are only admitted as a corroborative evidence but has been taken up very well as an investigation tool. A new type of science which has a very long history of existence has come up in few years known as graphology. Handwriting is as unique as a fingerprint. Graphology is studying handwriting, and how that handwriting ties in to a person's behavior. While graphology is not regarded as forensic evidence, it is still often used in combination with other techniques to profile criminals to aid authorities in their investigations. -
Graphology and John Holland's Research On
28 August 2018 GRAPHOLOGY AND JOHN HOLLAND’S RESEARCH ON CAREERS - ADAM BRAND Introduction Dr John Holland spent many decades researching the education, training and personality type required for over 12,000 different jobs. His work, used by millions of people, has been the basis of a number of psychometric tests such as ‘The Vocational Preference Inventory’, ‘The Self-Directed Test’ and ‘The Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory’. When graphologists are asked to give help counselling on careers, Holland’s work can be of assistance. An appropriate career is vital. As Blaise Pascal has said, ‘the choice of a profession is the most important act in life. All the rest is nothing but the preamble or consequence of this act’. Anne Anastasi has said that ‘a profession has a central part in a person’s adaptation to life; emotional problems often derive from frustrations suffered at work, while an intensive and profitable job can be highly therapeutic’. Why is Holland’s work useful to a graphologist? Holland assessed 12,099 jobs by education level, training time required and the appropriate personality type. Other systems available to graphologists generate fewer details, as the following examples illustrate. With the Enneagram (Riso) 39 jobs are suggested. When considering a ‘7’ – the generalist - the jobs suggested are ‘pilot, flight attendant, photographer, entrepreneur, nurse, teacher, counsellor’. With MBTI (Myers Briggs) 42 jobs are suggested. When considering ‘ENTP’, for example, the jobs suggested are ‘actor, chemical engineer, computer analyst, credit investigator, journalist, marketer, psychiatrist, public relations executive, sales agent’. With Szondi (Hughes) 157 jobs are suggested. When considering ‘FACTOR P’, for example, the jobs suggested are ‘pharmacist, chemist, homeopath, musician, missionary, explorer, palaeontologist, geologist, archaeologist, mythologist, mystic, psychologist, psychiatrist, graphologist, astrologer, writer, poet, politician, lawyer, judge, detective, counter-espionage agent, security officer, medical practitioner’. -
An Overview on the Use of Graphology As a Tool for Career Guidance
➔CMU. Journal (2005) Vol. 4(1) 91 An Overview on the Use of Graphology as a Tool for Career Guidance Siew Hock Ow*, Kean Siang Teh and Li Yi Yee Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Graphology or handwriting analysis is based on the notion that because handwriting is unique to the individual, certain inferences can be made about a person’s character and behaviour from the specific features. The debate over the value of graphology as an assessment tool has been conducted over a number of years. Even though the scientific researches are not encouraging, some reports, however, suggested that graphology is quietly gaining acceptance. While it is undeniable that graphology is an interesting and sometimes useful procedure, its validity is a matter of public debate and uncertainty, and the use of graphology tests in personality assessment is a personal choice made by individual or company. This paper briefly reviews the background of graphology, graphology in career guidance and discusses general issues related to the use of graphology. An overview of computerised handwriting analysis systems available in the market is also presented and compared for better understanding of graphology. Key words: Graphology, Career guidance, Handwriting analysis, Computerised handwriting analysis INTRODUCTION Graphology or handwriting analysis is a field of study for identifying and understanding people’s personalities, behaviours and characters through analysing their handwritings. The techniques of graphology are used in numerous applications. The common applications of graphology are employment profiling, marital compatibility, psychological analysis and medical diagnosis (The Internet Health Library, 2000). -
Introduction to Political Psychology
INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY This comprehensive, user-friendly textbook on political psychology explores the psychological origins of political behavior. The authors introduce read- ers to a broad range of theories, concepts, and case studies of political activ- ity. The book also examines patterns of political behavior in such areas as leadership, group behavior, voting, race, nationalism, terrorism, and war. It explores some of the most horrific things people do to each other, as well as how to prevent and resolve conflict—and how to recover from it. This volume contains numerous features to enhance understanding, includ- ing text boxes highlighting current and historical events to help students make connections between the world around them and the concepts they are learning. Different research methodologies used in the discipline are employed, such as experimentation and content analysis. This third edition of the book has two new chapters on media and social movements. This accessible and engaging textbook is suitable as a primary text for upper- level courses in political psychology, political behavior, and related fields, including policymaking. Martha L. Cottam (Ph.D., UCLA) is a Professor of Political Science at Washington State University. She specializes in political psychology, inter- national politics, and intercommunal conflict. She has published books and articles on US foreign policy, decision making, nationalism, and Latin American politics. Elena Mastors (Ph.D., Washington State University) is Vice President and Dean of Applied Research at the American Public University System. Prior to that, she was an Associate Professor at the Naval War College and held senior intelligence and policy positions in the Department of Defense. -
Personality Traits
Personality Traits SECOND EDITION GERALD MATTHEWS University of Cincinnati IAN J. DEARY University of Edinburgh MARTHA C. WHITEMAN University of Edinburgh published by the press syndicate of the university of cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom cambridge university press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge, CB2 2RU, UK 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011–4211, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia Ruiz de Alarc´on 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C Cambridge University Press 2003 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1998. Reprinted 1999, 2000, 2002 Second edition 2003 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typefaces Times 10/13 pt. Formata System LATEX2ε [TB] A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Matthews, Gerald. Personality traits / Gerald Matthews, Ian J. Deary, Martha C. Whiteman. – 2nd edn. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0 521 83107 5 – ISBN 0 521 53824 6 (pb) 1. Personality. I. Deary, Ian J. II. Whiteman, Martha C. III. Title. BF698.M3434 2003 155.23 – dc21 2003046259 ISBN 0 521 83107 5 hardback ISBN 0 521 53824 6 paperback The publisher has used its best endeavours to ensure that URLs for external websites referred to in this book are correct and active at the time of going to press.