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Pared to Dicots, Including Greater Genome Size Variation and Grea
American Journal of Botany 99(9): 1501–1512. 2012. R IBOSOMAL DNA DISTRIBUTION AND A GENUS-WIDE PHYLOGENY REVEAL PATTERNS OF CHROMOSOMAL EVOLUTION 1 IN A LSTROEMERIA (ALSTROEMERIACEAE) J ULIANA C HACÓN 2,4 , A RETUZA S OUSA 2 , C ARLOS M. BAEZA 3 , AND S USANNE S. RENNER 2 2 Systematic Botany and Mycology, University of Munich, 80638 Munich, Germany; and 3 Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográfi cas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile • Premise of the study: Understanding the fl exibility of monocot genomes requires a phylogenetic framework, which so far is available for few of the ca. 2800 genera. Here we use a molecular tree for the South American genus Alstroemeria to place karyological information, including fl uorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) signals, in an explicit evolutionary context. • Methods: From a phylogeny based on plastid, nuclear, and mitochondrial sequences for most species of Alstroemeria , we se- lected early-branching (Chilean) and derived (Brazilian) species for which we obtained 18S-25S and 5S rDNA FISH signals; we also analyzed chromosome numbers, 1C-values, and telomere FISH signals (in two species). • Key results: Chromosome counts for Alstroemeria cf. rupestris and A. pulchella confi rm 2 n = 16 as typical of the genus, which now has chromosomes counted for 29 of its 78 species. The rDNA sites are polymorphic both among and within species, and interstitial telomeric sites in Alstroemeria cf. rupestris suggest chromosome fusion. • Conclusions: In spite of a constant chromosome number, closely related species of Alstroemeria differ drastically in their rDNA, indicating rapid increase, decrease, or translocations of these genes. -
Is the Same Pollinator Species Equally Effective in Different Populations of the Generalist Herb Alstroemeria Ligtu Var
Gayana Bot. 76(1): 109-114, 2019. ISSN 0016-5301 Short Communication Is the same pollinator species equally effective in different populations of the generalist herb Alstroemeria ligtu var. simsii? ¿Es la misma especie de polinizador igualmente efectiva en diferentes poblaciones de la hierba generalista Alstroemeria ligtu var. simsii? MAUREEN MURÚA1,2,3, MARÍA JOSÉ RAMÍREZ4 & ALEJANDRA GONZÁLEZ4* 1Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (Cirenys), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Avenida Viel 1497, 8370993, Santiago, Chile. 2Fundación Flores, Ministro Carvajal 30, 7500801 Providencia, Santiago, Chile. 3Actual adress: Centro GEMA: Genómica, Ecología y Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, 8580745, Santiago, Chile. 4Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile. *[email protected] RESUMEN En esta investigación estimamos la efectividad de polinización en tres poblaciones de Alstroemeria ligtu. Los resultados muestran que Lasia es el género de polinizador más frecuente, cuya efectividad varía entre poblaciones. Proponemos que la efectividad de polinización puede responder a condiciones locales que varían en el rango de distribución de la planta y sus polinizadores. In the last decades, many studies have tried to determine how approximately 24 different species of insects belonging to different floral traits (e.g., color, shape, odor) or pollinator the Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera orders (González -
New Xenophytes from La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain), with Emphasis on Naturalized and (Potentially) Invasive Species – Part 3 R
Collectanea Botanica 39: e002 enero-diciembre 2020 ISSN-L: 0010-0730 https://doi.org/10.3989/collectbot.2020.v39.002 New xenophytes from La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain), with emphasis on naturalized and (potentially) invasive species – Part 3 R. OTTO1 & F. VERLOOVE2 1 Lindenstraße, 2, D-96163 Gundelsheim, Germany 2 Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan, 38, B-1860 Meise, Belgium ORCID iD. R. OTTO: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2498-7677, F. VERLOOVE: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4144-2422 Author for correspondence: R. Otto ([email protected]) Editor: N. Ibáñez Received 22 February 2019; accepted 12 September 2019; published on line 14 April 2020 Abstract NEW XENOPHYTES FROM LA PALMA (CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN), WITH EMPHASIS ON NATURALIZED AND (POTENTIALLY) INVASIVE SPE- CIES. PART 3.— Several months of field work in La Palma (western Canary Islands) yielded a number of interesting new records of non-native vascular plants. Alstroemeria aurea, A. ligtu, Anacyclus radiatus subsp. radiatus, Chenopodium album subsp. borbasii, Cotyledon orbiculata, Cucurbita ficifolia, Cynodon nlemfuensis, Datura stramonium subsp. tatula, Digitaria ciliaris var. rhachiseta, D. ischaemum, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, Egeria densa, Eugenia uniflora, Galinsoga quadri- radiata, Glebionis segetum, Kalanchoe laetivirens, Lemna minuta, Ligustrum lucidum, Lotus broussonetii, Oenothera fal- lax, Paspalum notatum, Passiflora caerulea, P. manicata × tarminiana, P. tarminiana, Pelargonium capitatum, Phaseolus lunatus, Portulaca trituberculata, Pyracantha angustifolia, Sedum mexicanum, Trifolium lappaceum, Urochloa mutica, U. subquadripara and Volutaria tubuliflora are naturalized or (potentially) invasive xenophytes or of special floristic in- terest, reported for the first time from either theCanary Islands or La Palma. Three additional, presumably ephemeral taxa are reported for the first time from the Canary Islands, whereas seven ephemeral taxa are new for La Palma. -
Biosecurity VOLUME 4/2019
PERSPECTIVES IN Biosecurity VOLUME 4/2019 Additional records and observations of monocotyledons naturalised or casual in Manawatu Ecological Region, New Zealand, 1980–2019. Colin C. Ogle and Graeme D. La Cock Additional records and observations of monocotyledons naturalised or Key words: Foxton Ecological District; Manawatu casual in Manawatu Ecological Region, New Zealand, 1980–2019, Plains Ecological District; Pātea; Whanganui; by Colin C. Ogle and Graeme D. La Cock, is licensed under a Hāwera; Koitiata; Castlecliff; Bomarea multiflora; Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Carex pendula; Freesia laxa; Gladiolus carneus; License. Phragmites karka; Adventive monocotyledon; Naturalised plant; Casual plant; weed. This publication may be cited as: Ogle, C.C., La Cock, G.D. (2019). Additional records and observations of monocotyledons naturalised or casual in Manawatu Ecological Region, New Zealand, 1980–2019, Perspectives in Biosecurity, 4, 6–32. Contact: [email protected] www.unitec.ac.nz/epress/ Unitec Institute of Technology Private Bag 92025, Victoria Street West Auckland 1142 New Zealand ISSN 2538-0125 Additional records and observations of monocotyledons naturalised or casual in Manawatu Ecological Region, New Zealand, 1980-2019. Colin C. Ogle and Graeme D. La Cock Abstract New Zealand was published (Healy & Edgar, 1980), other It has been 38 years since a comprehensive account than for grasses (Edgar & Connor, 2000; 2010). of adventive monocotyledons in New Zealand was A reappraisal of the entire adventive monocotyledon published, other than for grasses. This paper examines flora for the whole of New Zealand would be a large task; new adventive monocotyledon records from the this paper examines new records from one geographic Manawatu Ecological Region (MER), in the south-west of part of New Zealand, the Manawatu Ecological Region the North Island. -
Towards an Integrative Taxonomy of the Genus Alstroemeria
DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.71823 Provisional chapter Chapter 12 Towards an Integrative Taxonomy of the Genus TowardsAlstroemeria an Integrative (Alstroemeriaceae) Taxonomy in ofChile: the AGenus AlstroemeriaComprehensive (Alstroemeriaceae) Review in Chile: A Comprehensive Review Victor L. Finot, Carlos M. Baeza, Eduardo Ruiz, VictorOscar Toro L. Finot, and Carlos Pedro Carrasco M. Baeza, Eduardo Ruiz, OscarAdditional Toro information and Pedro is available Carrasco at the end of the chapter Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.71823 Abstract The genus Alstroemeria encompasses approximately 80 species endemic to South America, with 2 centers of diversity (Chile and Brazil). In Chile, Alstroemeria represents one of the most diverse genera of vascular monocotyledons, comprising more than 50 recognized or accepted taxa (36 species, 11 subspecies and 10 varieties) from which ca. 82% are endemic to the Mediterranean zone of central Chile, one of the world’s diversity hotspots. The tax- onomy of the genus is very difficult due to the great variability of the vegetative and floral traits. Moreover, a number of taxa have been recently described and several nomenclatural changes have been proposed. In order to elucidate the taxonomy of some Chilean com- plexes of Alstroemeria, an integrative approach including morphology, colorimetry, cyto- genetic, multivariate statistical analyses of morphological variation and DNA-molecular studies have been conducted. In this chapter, we review the literature concerning these approaches; a checklist of the species growing in Chile is provided including all published names, references to the original protologues, accepted names, synonyms and the biogeo- graphic status (endemic or native) of the accepted taxa; maps illustrating the diversity of the genus in South America and its distribution in Chile were constructed. -
Boletín En Versión
BOLETIN MUSEO NACIONAL DE HISTORIA NATURAL NUMERO ESPECIAL Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile - N° 47 -146 págs. Santiago de Chile - 1998 d ib• V I) I aR E C mC I O N BIBLIOTECAS. ARCHIVOS V MUSEOS ISSN - 0027 - 3910 BOLETIN MUSEO NACIONAL DE HISTORIA NATURAL NUMERO ESPECIAL Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile - N° 47 -146 págs. Santiago de Chile -1998 HIKI.IOIMAN. \K* IIIVON Y MI SKIS 1 « 1 DIRBCCI0 N d i b a m BIBLIOTECAS, ARCHIVOS Y MUSEOS Ministro de Educación Pública José Pablo Arellano Subsecretario de Educación Jaime Pérez de Arce Araya Director de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos Marta Cruz-Coke Madrid Este volumen se terminó de imprimir en octubre de 1999 en la imprenta del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Santiago de Chile museo nocional BOLETÍN MUSEO NACIONAL DE HISTORIA NATURAL Director ALBERTO CARVACHO Conservador del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Editores para este Numero HERMAN NUftEZ ROBERTO MELENDEZ VICTORIA MALDONADO Comité Editor ELIANA DURÁN S. PEDRO BÁEZ R. Jefa de Sección Antropología Jefe de Sección Hidrobiología MÉLICA MUÑOZ S. DANIEL FRASSINETTI C. Jefa de Sección Botánica Jefe de Sección Paleontología ARIEL CAMOUSSEIGHT JOSÉ YÁÑEZV. Jefe de Sección Entomología Jefe de Sección Zoologia © DIRECCIÓN DE BIBLIOTECAS, ARCHIVOS Y MUSEOS INSCRIPCIÓN EDICIÓN DE 1000 EJEMPLARES MUSEO NACIONAL DE HISTORIA NATURAL CASILLA 787 SANTIAGO DE CHILE WWW.MNHN.CL SE OFRECE Y ACEPTA CANJE Exchange with similar publications is desired Échange souhaité Wir bitten um Austauch mit aehnlichen Fachzeitschriften Si desidera il cambio con publicazioni congeneri Deseja-se permuta com as publica?5es congéneres Contribución del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural al Programa del Conocimiento y Preservación de la Diversidad Biológica Las Opiniones vertidas en cada uno de los Artículos publicados son de Exclusiva Responsabilidad del Autor Respectivo Nota de los Editores Por diversas razones la presente edición sufrió considerable retraso BOLETÍN MUSEO NACIONAL DE HISTORIA NATURAL SANTIAGO DE CHILE 1998 47 SUMARIO ALBERTO CARVACHO Presentación................... -
Than a Century of Cytogenetic Studies in Chilean Plants
Vol XXXII (1): 7-10; July 2021 Journal of the Argentine Society of Genetics MORE THAN A CENTURY OF CYTOGENETIC STUDIES IN CHILEAN PLANTS: HOW MUCH HAVE WE PROGRESSED? MÁS DE UN SIGLO DE ESTUDIOS CITOGENÉTICOS EN PLANTAS CHILENAS: ¿CUÁNTO HEMOS PROGRESADO? Jara Seguel P.1,2, Palma Rojas C.3 ABSTRACT 1 Departamento de Ciencias An overview is provided on the cytogenetic of Chilean plants, highlighting information Biológicas y Químicas. gathered from more than a century of work carried out by foreign and national researchers 2 Núcleo de Estudios Ambientales, who have contributed to the study of native species. We briefly present the progress made to Facultad de Recursos Naturales, date and also emphasize some strategies that, in our opinion, could spur further advances in Universidad Católica de Temuco, this second century of cytogenetic studies in Chilean plants. Casilla 15-D, Temuco, Chile. Key words: Cytogenetics, cytogenomics, Chilean plants. 3 Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 599, La Serena, Chile. RESUMEN Se presenta una visión general de la citogenética de plantas chilenas, destacando información recopilada durante más de un siglo de trabajo realizado por investigadores nacionales y Corresponding author: extranjeros que han contribuido al estudio de las especies nativas. Presentamos brevemente P. Jara Seguel [email protected] los progresos realizados hasta la fecha y también destacamos algunas estrategias que, en nuestra opinión, podrían impulsar mayores avances en este segundo siglo de estudios ORCID 0000-0002-9340-1780 citogenéticos en plantas chilenas. Palabras clave: Citogenética, citogenómica, plantas chilenas. Cite this article as: Jara Seguel P., Palma Rojas C. -
Ornamental Geophytes from Basic Science to Sustainable Production
Ornamental Geophytes From Basic Science to Sustainable Production Edited by Rina Kamenetsky Hiroshi Okubo Ornamental Geophytes From Basic Science to Sustainable Production Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Cover photos by William B. Miller (USA) and Sedat Kiran (Turkey). CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20120716 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4398-4925-5 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the valid- ity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or uti- lized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopy- ing, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. -
Cytogenetics of Wild Species of the Alstroemeriaceae Family (Liliales)
Plant Systematics and Evolution (2021) 307:34 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-021-01756-1 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Cytogenetics of wild species of the Alstroemeriaceae family (Liliales) Pedro Jara‑Seguel1,2 · Paola Jara‑Arancio3,4 · Elías Andrade2 · Jonathan Urrutia‑Estrada5 · Claudio Palma‑Rojas6 · Cristian Araya‑Jaime7 Received: 16 October 2020 / Accepted: 19 March 2021 © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2021 Abstract Studies on cytogenetic diversity within the Alstroemeriaceae family along its intercontinental distribution are scarce when comparing species of their four genera. This study aimed at exploring the cytogenetic diversity of the family along their geographical distribution, including species that inhabit Oceania and South America. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, we analysed 50 species of the four genera (24% of the species of the family), comparing cytogenetic characters such as chromosome number, karyotype morphology and asymmetry, location of chromosome satellites, total haploid length, meiotic behaviour, C and FISH banding, and DNA C-values. We concur with other authors in that generic delimitation based on chromosome number is clear among Alstroemeria (2n = 16) and Bomarea (2n = 18), both belonging to Alstroemerioideae. Moreover, these two genera have diferent chromosome numbers compared to those of Luzuriaga and Drymophila (both 2n = 20) belonging to Luzuriagoideae. The above observations were also supported by the phylogeny reconstructed here. In addition, analyses on karyotype morphology and asymmetry have determined gradual diferences in nuclear architecture among genera and species. We concluded that the cytogenetic diversity described within Alstroemeriaceae is concentrated mainly in South America, which is to be expected given the higher species diversity that has been described for that continent. -
Pollen Morphology and Infrageneric Classification of Alstroemeria L. (Alstroemeriaceae)
Title Pollen morphology and infrageneric classification of Alstroemeria L. (Alstroemeriaceae) Author(s) Sarwar, Abul Khayer Mohammad Golam; Hoshino, Yoichiro; Araki, Hajime Grana, 49(4), 227-242 Citation https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2010.529503 Issue Date 2010-12 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/47914 ‘This is an electronic version of an article published in Grana, Volume 49, Issue 4 December 2010 , pages 227-242 . Rights Grana is available online at: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/ Type article (author version) File Information sarwar.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP A. K. M. G. Sarwar et al. Pollen morphology in Alstroemeria Pollen morphology and infrageneric classification of Alstroemeria L. (Alstroemeriaceae) ABUL KHAYER MOHAMMAD GOLAM SARWAR1, 2, YOICHIRO HOSHINO2 AND HAJIME ARAKI2 1Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, 2Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan Abstract Pollen morphology of 53 taxa of the South American genus Alstroemeria was examined using light and scanning electron microscopy (LM and SEM, respectively) or only with SEM in search of new characters that might contribute to infrageneric classification of this genus. The Alstroemeria species are stenopalynous, characterised by monosulcate and large monads with striate-reticulate exine sculpture. Pollen with auriculae-like structures at each end of the sulcus is reported for the first time in Alstroemeria. Based on exine sculpture, the studied taxa were divided into two major groups; one with striate-reticulate exine (Type I) and the other with finely to coarsely rugulate-psilate exine (Type II). Type I exine sculpture can be further divided into two sub-types based on the width of muri. -
Plant Formations
ARTICLES Mediterranean Botany ISSNe 2603-9109 http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/MBOT.59427 The case of the Itata estuary (Bio-Bio Region-Chile) plant formations: anthro- pogenic interference or natural disturbance-induced diversity enrichment? Carlos Ramírez1, José Miguel Fariña1, Andrés Camaño2, Cristina San Martín3, Yéssica Pérez3, José Luis Solís3 & Oliver Valdivia3 Received: 30 May 2017 / Accepted 6 March 2018 Abstract. The current study examined the relationship between native and introduced plant species, as indicators of the state of anthropogenic influence on plant formations in the area of the Itata estuary (Bío-Bío Region, Chile). A total of 186 vegetation samples were collected in different plant communities in the wetlands and adjacent areas of the Itata River during 2011 and 2012. The communities of four terrestrial plant formations were sampled within dunes, prairies, shrub lands and food crops, and within two aquatic habitats (freshwater and salt marsh). The total flora comprised of 222 species, these were dominated by introduced taxa with thirty-three species considered invasive for Chile. The high percentage contribution of these alien weeds to the total community could be interpreted as signs of a strong degree of anthropogenic interference in the natural plant formations. However, some habitats such as salt marshes are subjected to periodic natural disturbances (e.g. tsunamis), lacking human interference. Consequently, in some habitats, alien species, which are more resilient, represent the primary plant formations. Keywords: Coastal wetlands; salt marsh; disturbances; plant formations; flora; neophytes. El caso de las formaciones vegetales en la desembocadura del río Itata (Región del Bío-Bío, Chile): ¿antropización o enriquecimiento de la diversidad inducida por perturbaciones naturales? Resumen. -
Genetic Diversity of Chilean and Brazilian Alstroemeria Species Assessed by AFLP Analysis
Heredity 84 (2000) 564±569 Received 21 June 1999, accepted 15 November 1999 Genetic diversity of Chilean and Brazilian Alstroemeria species assessed by AFLP analysis TAE-HO HAN*, MARJO DE JEU, HERMAN VAN ECK & EVERT JACOBSEN Laboratory of Plant Breeding, The Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, PO Box 386, NL-6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands One to three accessions of 22 Alstroemeria species, an interspeci®c hybrid (A. aurea ´ A. inodora), and single accessions of Bomarea salsilla and Leontochir ovallei were evaluated using the AFLP- marker technique to estimate the genetic diversity within the genus Alstroemeria. Three primer combinations generated 716 markers and discriminated all Alstroemeria species. The dendrogram inferred from the AFLP ®ngerprints supported the conjecture of the generic separation of the Chilean and Brazilian Alstroemeria species. The principal co-ordinate plot showed the separate allocation of the A. ligtu group and the allocation of A. aurea, which has a wide range of geographical distribution and genetic variation, in the middle of other Alstroemeria species. The genetic distances, based on AFLP markers, determined the genomic contribution of the parents to the interspeci®c hybrid. Keywords: Alstroemeriaceae, Bomarea, classi®cation, Inca lily, Leontochir, Monocotyledonae. Introduction characteristics can vary considerably in dierent envi- ronmental conditions (Bayer, 1987). The genus Alstroemeria includes approximately 60 The immense genetic variation present in the genus described species of rhizomatous, herbaceous plants, Alstroemeria oers many opportunities for the improve- with Chile and Brazil as the main centres of diversity ment and renewal of cultivars. Therefore, identi®cation (Uphof, 1952; Bayer, 1987; Aker & Healy, 1990).