Macrobenthic Invertebrate Survey of Waneta and Lamoka Lakes, Schuyler County, September 16, 1996 and May 12, 1997

248

Macrobenthic invertebrate survey of Waneta and Lamoka Lakes, Schuyler County, September 16, 1996 and May 12, 1997

M.F. Albrigh( W.N. Harman

INTRODUCTION

Schuyler County encompasses 331 square miles of the Appalachian Plateau in the Finger Lakes region (Curatolo, 1991). The County's economy is largely tourism-based, relying heavily upon its aquatic natural resources. The eutrophic nature of some of these water bodies, including Waneta and Lamoka Lakes (Figure 1), has had detrimental impacts on traditional lake uses. Macrophyte growth and algal blooms have negatively impacted swimming, fishing, boating, and the perceived aesthetic qualities of theses areas. These changes are believed to have lead to a decline in both tourism and in lakeside property values (Curatolo, 1991).

In order to address these concerns, Schuyler County initiated an aquatic vegetation control program in 1986 (Curatolo, 1991). This program was to serve as an integrated approach to manage the county's aquatic resources through monitoring, research, macrophyte harvesting, upland treatment, and public education.

In 1990, a comprehensive study was undertaken in order to provide baseline information upon which lake management plans would be based (Curatolo, 1991). This work included a characterization ofthe physical qualities ofthe local lakes, surveys oftheir macroinvertebrate benthic populations, a description of macrophyte harvesting activities, a determination of the feasibility of conducting dredging operations in selected areas. It also addressed means of reducing nutrient inputs to these lakes.

This document describes a two part benthic survey of Waneta and Lamoka Lakes, conducted 16 September 1996 and May 12 1997. The timing of these collections was to ensure documentation of temporal diversity. This database, when compared to previous work cited, and future works, will document the impacts of macrophyte management on the benthic faunal communities. The background material for this report is derived largely from Curatolo, 1991.

BACKGROUND

Waneta Lake (Figure 2) is 781 acres in surface area, of which over 90% is located in Schuyler County. The lake, at 1099 feet in elevation, occupies a volume of approximately 10,860 acre-feet and has about 6.8 miles of shoreline. This lake has a maximum depth of <30 feet. Approximately 450 dwellings and a Boy Scout camp line the shore. The substrate varies from silty to organic clay. Eurasian milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) dominated most of the shallows,

'Staff assistant, SUNY Oneonta, BFS 249

LAMOKA LAKE

Figure 1. The location of Waneta, Lamoka, and Seneca Lakes in Schuyler County, New York (modified from Curatolo, 1991). 250

'6'.. ::-..,'--- . . " .. ,:1 5 ~ • BoAT LAUNCH SITES of I ~ UNLOADING SITES \I .-...... EXTENT OF VEGETATION \1 ffi SAMPLING STATION ;I~ o PUBLIC ACCESS iI~ I I~ i ~ I~ i,~ ~ ~I ffi 'f.) • Point !~1 4 ! ~I J~ Shoreline .\ , .\ .~ o N :\\"...... , '.). '/ I i Scout Camp ',3 II . , ~ 0' \ \ . I'\ \.,. 1000 'I 1\ i' 0' \'. I .. \.

\' , .\ 2 1. :- I .•' 8 '-'-;J'. L::;J~

Figure 2. Waneta Lake, Schuyler County, New York, showing sampling stations (modified from Curatolo, 1991). 251 with plant diversity being considerably higher at the southernmost shores. On both sample dates, all substrates encountered in Waneta Lake were oxygenated.

Lamoka Lake (Figure 3), contiguous with Mill Pond to the south and connected to Waneta Lake via a navigable channel to the north, is located in western Schuyler County. This shallow «47ft) eutrophic lake occupies 826 acres in surface area, 16,410 acre-feet in volume, and has approximately 11.3 miles of shoreline. In 1990, about 325 houses occupied the shoreline. Recreational activities include swimming, fishing, and boating (Curatolo, 1991). During benthic sampling, deeper substrates were dominated by anaerobic organic muds; a notable exception was observed at a drop-off at the northeastern shore (Site #L2), where compact sand was encountered. Here, shells ofUnionid clams were collected. The predominating macrophytes encountered were the nonindigenous Eurasian milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) and curly leafed pondweed (Potamogeton crispus). Toward the southern, shallower end of the lake diversity was considerably higher, with Nuphar, Ceratophyllum, Heteranthera, and Vallisineria being well represented. At the time of sampling milfoil was practically absent from the Mill Pond area. The channel connecting Waneta and Lamoka Lakes exhibited a flora similar to that encountered in Mill pond.

Access is provided to both lakes by boat launch sites maintained by the New York State Department of Conservation (NYSDEC). Neither lake is used as a potable water supply. Both lakes have been rated as moderately impaired on the NYSDEC 1989 Priority Problem List (NYSDEC, 1989).

Despite inclement weather encountered throughout both days of sampling (45°-50° F, steady rain), bird activity was considerable. On 16 September 1996 large numbers of tree swallows (Iridoprocne hicolor) were active on Waneta Lake, presumably feeding on emerging aquatic insects. Two ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) and parasitic jaeger (Stercorarius parasiticus) were seen over Lamoka Lake; the latter seabird is extremely rare in this region and was likely displaced by recent tropical storms (Butts, 1996). On 12 May 1997 several species of early migrating songbirds were observed, with diversity being the greatest along the channel between the two Lakes. Two hen mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were seen sitting on nests, and a pair of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) were seen on Lamoka Lake with newly hatched goslings.

WATER QUALITY MONITORING

Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and conductivity were measured using a Hydrolab Scout II multiparameter water quality monitoring instrument which had been calibrated the days of data collection following manufacturer's operating manual (Hydrolab Corp., 1993). Readings were taken at 1 meter (m) intervals from the surface to the bottom. The maximum depth encountered at Waneta Lake was 8.2 meters (26.9 feet); that for Lamoka Lake was 13.4 meters (44.0 feet). On 16 September 1996, Waneta was undergoing fall overturn, although slight, presumably temporary stratification was observed below 8 m. Temperature in that area was approximately 0.3 0 C less than the rest of the water column and dissolved oxygen was over 2 mg/lless than overlaying waters. Conductivity was between 198-202 mmho/cm throughout. On 252

FLEET .:.-~- COVE

1000 ft N I I

BOAT LAUNCH SITES o • PUBLIC ACCESS ~ UNLOADING SITES -._.- EXTENT OF VEGETATION E9 SAMPLING STATION

POND

Figure 3. Lamoka Lake, Schuyler County, New York, showing sampling stations (modified from Curatolo, 1991). 253

12 May 1997, the earliest signs of stratification were observed, with sight decreases in temperature and dissolved oxygen observed at the greatest depths. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH profiles are graphically presented in Figures 4A and 4B.

Lamoka Lake was stratified on 16 September, with the thermocline located between 6 and 7 m. Hypolimnetic waters were essentially anoxic «0.3 mg/l), a situation similar to that reported by Curatolo (1991) for corresponding dates in 1988, 1989 and 1990. Conductivity was approximately 190 mmho/cm through the epilimnion and increased below the thermocline to 213 mmho/cm at the bottom. Spring turnover was underway on 12 May, 1996.Temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH profiles are graphically presented in Figures SA and 5B. These data, while limited, do not indicate any further shift toward eutrophy in either Waneta or Lamoka Lakes since 1988.

Water samples collected on 12 May were analyzed for calcium content using the EDTA titrimetric method (APHA, 1989). Surface concentrations were 18.9 and 17.4 mg/l in Waneta and Lamoka Lakes, respectively.

Water transparency was measured using a standard 20 em Secchi disk. Transparency was 2.0 m (6.6 ft) in Waneta and 1.9 m (6.2 ft) in Lamoka on 16 September 1996 and 1.2 m (3.9 ft) in both Lakes on 12 May 1997. Values reported by Curatolo (1991) indicate that Lamoka was somewhat more transparent and Waneta twice as transparent in 1996 compared to similar dates in 1988-90.

THE BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY METHODS

Macroinvertebrates were collected from nine sites on Waneta Lake and nine sites on Lamoka. These sites included eulittoral, littoral muds, littoral vegetation, and profundal benthos. The objective was to obtain faunal diversity and density data for comparison with previous (e.g. Curatolo, 1991) and future surveys to ascertain any effects of macrophyte and algae control programs, as well as other changes in water quality or the colonization of non-native species, on these populations.

Benthic samples were collected in triplicate using either a 23 X 23 cm2 or a 15 X 15 cm2 Ekman dredge. The larger dredges, using a conventional cable and messenger, were used in deeper locations; in shallower areas, the smaller dredges were employed using extension handles. Eulittoral samples, where the substrate tended to be stony, were acquired by manually gathering all material within a 23 X 23 cm 2 quadrangle. Vegetative samples were collected by sweeping the macrophytes with a triangle net five times and rinsing the contents from the net. Effort was made to include the entire depth distribution of the macrophyte bed. Each vegetative sample was collected in quadruplicate. While it is recognized that these vegetative samples cannot be interpreted as truly quantitative, the attempt was made to standardize the method as much as possible so that future comparisons may be made. 254

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

A B I

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

6 6

~ ~ 6 7 67 o:S ..J:: 0...... (1) 0... (1) Q 8 11 Q 8

9 9

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 13

14 14 SD= 2.0 M SD= 1.2 M

___ Temperature -- pH -.- Dissolved Oxygen

Figure 4. Profiles of temperature (Qq, pH, and dissolved oxygen (mg/1) for Waneta Lake, 16 September, 1996 (A) and 12 May, 1997 (B). 255

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 A B

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

9 9

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 13 i

14 14 SD= 1.9 M SD= 1.2 M

--- Temperature -- pH -..- Dissolved Oxygen

Figure 5. Profiles of temperature (OC), pH, and dissolved oxygen (mg/l) for Lamoka Lake, 16 September, 1996 (A) and 12 May, 1997 (B). 256

Upon retrieval, multiple samples were composited and passed through a #30 mesh brass screen, thus retaining all particulate matter over 583 microns. This material was transferred to one-gallon plastic jars, to which 95% ethanol was added until a final concentration of approximately 70% ethanol was reached. Several milliliters of rose bengal were added to each sample to later aid in the recognition of benthic organisms.

In the laboratory, organisms were separated from the substrate by transferring each sample, spoonful at a time, into a white enamel pan and rinsing with adequate water to distribute the material. All benthic organisms were isolated and transferred to 6 dram vials containing 70% ethanol. Taxonomic determinations were made according to Pennak (1989), Peckarsky et at. (1990), and Merritt and Cummins (1996). Assistance with the identification of mites was provided by Lanciani (1996) and of weevils by Johnson (1997).

Organisms were enumerated and weighed by taxa. Wet weight was determined by removing the organisms from their vials, setting on blotting paper for 15 minutes to remove excess alcohol, and weighing to the nearest 0.1 mg on an electronic balance (Wheat, 1994). No attempt was made to count Oligochaetes, as they tended to fragment during processing. Values indicating numbers of organisms and weights per sample represent composited triplicate (benthic) or quadruplicate (vegetative) samples. For benthic sites, where sample size was more 2 standardized, data were converted to units per meter •

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A description of each sample site, including sample type, sampling method, substrate characterization, and dominant macrophytes, is summarized in Table 1 A and B (refer to Figures 2 and 3 for site locations). A total of 81 taxa were collected in this survey, with 61 and 68 taken from Waneta and Lamoka, respectively (Table 2). The 16 September 1996 survey revealed a total of 58 taxa; 44 were collected from Waneta Lake and 45 from Lamoka. On 12 May 1997,63 taxa were taken, with 61 from Waneta and 68 from Lamoka. Generally, diversity was greater in Lamoka, where the number of taxa per site averaged 28.7, compared to 19.4 taxa per site found in Waneta. The southernmost reaches of Lamoka Lake (sites L6-L9) exhibited the greatest diversity. Here, 52 taxa were discovered, with each site averaging 32.0. This area is relatively shallow and macrophytes were likewise diverse. The Order Trichoptera (caddis flies) showed the greatest species richness, with 14 genera representing 4 families encountered. The comparatively large diversity of leptocerid and phryganeid caddisflies collected in Lamoka Lake is undoubtedly due to the marshy character of that biotope. Representatives of these families are typical of dense, but diverse submergent plant communities.

Tables 3-20 describe the macrobenthic invertebrates for each site visited, including numbers and wet weights of each taxa found in both lakes. For benthic samples, abundance and 2 biomass have been projected to units/meter . Some sites, where vegetative samples were collected in the first survey, benthic samples were collected in the second due to inadequate macrophyte densities in the spring. Because of this, data from some sites are not easily compared. A preliminary comparison of these data with those included in Curatolo (1991) suggest a marked 257

Site Sample Type Dominant Vegetation Substrate Characterization

A Waneta WI Sub., 3 small dredges Myriophyllum spicatum organic clay W2 Sub., 3 small dredges M. spicatum organic clay W3 Veg. 4X5 sweeps M. spicatum organ ic clay W4 Sub., 3 large dredges none fine silty clay W5 Veg. 4X5 sweeps M. spicatllm organic clay W6 Sub., 3 small dredges M. spicatum organic detritus W7 Sub., I quadrangle none stones (eu littoral) W8 Veg. 4X5 sweeps Ceratophyllul11 de/llersum organic clay W9 Veg. 4X5 sweeps Nuphar variegatu/Il, Vallisneria americana organic mud

Lamoka LI Sub., 3 large dredges none organ ic mud (anox ic) L2 Sub., 3 small dredges none co 111 pact sand L3 Veg. 4X5 sweeps M. spicatul11 organ ic mud L4 Veg. 4X5 sweeps M. spicatulJl peaty organic mud L5 Sub., 3 small dredges Ai spicatulll organic mud L6 Veg. 4X5 sweeps M spicatulJl organic mud L7 Veg. 4X5 sweeps N. variegat/ll organic mud L8 Veg. 4X5 sweeps M. spicatum organic mud L9 Veg. 4X5 sweeps Heterallthera dubia, C dcmersum, V. americana organ ic mud

B Waneta WI Sub., 3 small dredges C demersul11"Pota!l1ogetull crisplls organic clay W2 Sub.,3 small dredges P. crispus organic clay W3 Sub., 3 small dredges P. crispus organic clay W4 Sub., 3 large dredges none fine silty clay W5 Sub., 3 large dredges M. spicatulll, P, crispus organic clay W6 Sub., 3 small dredges M. spicatum organic detritus W7 Sub., J quadrangle none stones (eulittoral) W8 Veg. 4X5 sweeps Ceratophylluln demersulll organic clay W9 Veg. 4X5 sweeps Nuphar variegatum, Vallisneria americana organic mud

Lamoka LI Sub., 3 large dredges none organic mud (anoxic) L2 Sub., 3 small dredges none compact sand L3 Veg. 4X5 sweeps M. spicatum organic mud L4 Veg. 4X5 sweeps M. spicatum peaty organic mud L5 Sub., 3 small dredges M. spicatum organic mud L6 Veg. 4X5 sweeps M. spicatum organic mud L7 Veg. 4X5 sweeps N. variegatm organic mud L8 Veg. 4X5 sweeps M. spicatum organic mud L9 Veg. 4X5 sweeps Heteranthera dllbia, C demersum, V americana organic Illud

Table 1. Description of macrobenthic invertebrate sampling sites, Waneta and Lamoka Lakes, 16 September 1996 (A) and 12 May 1997 (B). Sub.== substrate sample, Veg.== vegetative sample, 2 2 2 small dredge== .0232 m , large dredge= .0523 m , quadrangle= .0523 m . 258

Waneta Lamoka TAXA 09/16/96 05/12/97 09/16/96 05/12/97 Il-'latyhelmlntheS Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae * * * * Nemotoda * * * Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae * * * * Tubificidae * * * * Lumbricidae * Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae * * * * Hirudinea Pharyngobdellida Erpobdellidae Erpobdella * * * Dina paNa * Alboglossiphonia heteroclita * * Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae Helobdella * * Helobdella fusca * * Helobdella stagnalis * * * * Batracobdella * * * * Placobdella * * Glossiphonia complanata * Piscicolidae Myzobdella lugubris * Mollusca Bivalvia Paleoheterodonta Unionidae Lampsilis radiata (shells) * Elliptio complanatus (shells) * Veneroida Sphaeriidae Sphaerium * * * * Pisidium * * *

Table 2. Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta and Lamoka Lakes, 16 September 1996 and 12 May 1997. 259

Waneta Lamoka TAXA 09/16/96 05/12/97 09/16/96 05/12/97 Gastropoda Basommatrophora Lymnaeidae Lymnaea colume/la * Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus * * * * Gyraulus hirsutus * * * * Promentus exacuous * * * Physidae * Physa integra * * * Physa sayii * * Ancylidae Ferrisia tarda ~ * Mesogastropoda Valvatidae Valvata tricarinata * * * * Hydrobiidae Amnico/a Iimosa * * * * Arthropoda Arachnida Acariformes Hydrodromidae Hydrodroma * * * * Limnesiidae * * * Pionidae * Arrenuridae Arrenurus * Sperconidae Spercon * Crustacea Ostracoda * * Copepoda I Harpacticoida * * Isopoda Asellidae Caecidotea * * * *

Amphipoda I Gammaridae Gammarus * * * ~ Talitridae Hyalel/a azteca * * * * I

Table 2 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta and Lamoka Lakes, 16 September 1996 and 12 May 1997. 260

Waneta Lamoka TAXA 09/16/96 05/12/97 09/16/96 05/12/97 Insecta Ephemeroptera Baetidae Paracloeodes * * Callibaetis * Caenidae Caenis * * * * Heptageniidae Stenacron * Odonata (Anisoptera) Libellulidae Erythemis * * Corduliidae Epitheca * * * Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma * * * * Lestidae Lestes * Hemiptera Pleidae Neoplea * Mesoveliidae Mesovelia * * Lepidoptera Nepticulidae * Pyralidae Acentria ephemerella * * * * Trichoptera Polycentropodidae Cernotina * * * Leptoceridae Oecetis * * * Ylodes * * * Leptocerus * * * * Setodes * * Nectopsyche * Ceraclea Phryganeidae Oligotricha * Phryganea *

Table 2 (cant). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta and Lamoka Lakes, 16 September 1996 and 12 May 1997. 261

Waneta Lamoka TAXA 09/16/96 05/12/97 09/16/96 05/12/97 Hydroptilidae Orthatrichia * * * * Oxythira * * * * Hydoptilla * * * Mayatrichia * Agraylea * * Coleoptera Curculionidae Euhrychiopsis * * Dytisicidae * Chrysomelidae Pyrrhalta * Elmidae Dubiraphia * Psephenidae Psephenus * Diptera Muscidae * Empididae * Tabanidae * Ceratopogonidae Sphaeromias * * * * Probezzia * * Dasyhelea * Bezzia or Palpomyia * * * * Culicoides * * Chaoboridae Chaoborus * * * * Chironomidae * * * *

Table 2 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta and Lamoka Lakes, 16 September 1996 and 12 May 1997. 262

Waneta Lake Site 1 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/m"2 g/m"2 #/m"2 g/m"2 Platyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 29 0.0129 29 0.0172 Nemotoda 43 0.0043 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0460 Tubificidae NA 0.0057 Lumbricidae NA 0.0101 Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae NA 0.3319 NA 0.0603 Hirudinea Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae Helobdella stagnalis 57 0.1351 Batracobdella 14 0.0057 29 0.0690 Placobdella 14 0.0057 Mollusca Gastropoda Basommatrophora Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 101 0.0833 Gyraulus hirsutus 14 0.0029 Promentus exacuous 29 0.0761 Physidae Physa sp. 101 0.4468 Mesogastropoda Valvatidae Valvata tricarinata 14 0.1164 Hydrobiidae Amnico/a limosa 29 0.1307 345 2.2428 Arthropoda Crustacea Isopoda Asellidae Caecidotea 14 0.0029 14 0.2917 Amphipoda Gammaridae Gammarus 14 0.0302 Talitridae Hyalella azteca 359 0.1193 2572 1.9253

Table 3. Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #1,9/16/96 2 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per meter . 263

Waneta lake Site 1 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/m A 2 g/m A 2 #/m A 2 I g/m A 2 Insecta Ephemeroptera I Caenidae I

Caenis 675 0.5000 I Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Ena//agma 72 0.6897 Trichoptera leptoceridae

I Ylodes I I 14 0,0603 Hydroptilidae Hydoptilla 14 <.0014 Diptera Ceratopogonidae Sphaeromias 14 0.0115 29 0.0359 Bezzia or Palpomyia 129 0.0057 Culicoides 43 <.0014 Chaoboridae Chaoborus 14 0.0057 14 0.0115 Chironomidae 86 0.0489 2184 1.4741

Table 3 (cont.). Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #1, 2 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per meter . 264

Waneta Lake Site 2 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/mIl2 g/mll2 #/mIl2 g/mll2 IPlatyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 43 0.0086 Nematoda 29 0.0029 43 <.0014 Annelida Oligochaeta Lumbriculidae NA 0.0905 NA 0.1351 Hirudinea Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae Helobdella stagnalis 172 0.5661 Mollusca Gastropoda Mesogastropoda Valvatidae Valvata tricarinata 43 0.0172 Hydrobiidae Amnicola limosa 43 0.2773 101 0.3836 Arthropoda Crustacea Isopoda Asellidae Caecidotea 14 0.5819 Amphipoda Talitridae Hyalella azteca 575 0.0776 862 0.8549 Insecta Ephemeroptera Caenidae Caenis 158 0.1710 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma 14 0.2457 Trichoptera Hydroptilidae Orthotrichia 14 0.0029 Diptera Muscidae 14 0.0905 Ceratopogonidae Sphaeromias 129 0.296 Bezzia or Palpomyia 14 0.0029 Culicoides 29 <.0014 Chaoboridae Chaoborus 14 0.0043 Chironomidae 101 0.6724

Table 4. Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #2, 9/16/96 2 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per meter . 265

Waneta Lake Site 3 (vegetative 9/15, benthic 5/12) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/m!l2 g/m!l2 Platyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planarlidae 17 0.0045 819 0.9239 Nemotoda 29 0.0101 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0024 NA 0.2572 Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae NA 0.4267 Hirudinea Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae Helobdella 72 0.3506 Mollusca Bivalvia Veneroida Sphaeriidae Pisidium 14 0.1351 Gastropoda Basommatrophora Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 4 0.0051 29 0.0819 Mesogastropoda Valvatidae Valvata tricarinata 3 0.0035 Hydrobiidae Amnico/a limosa 128 0.8070 29 0.3621 Arthropoda Arachnida Acariformes Hydrodromidae Hydrodroma 2 0.0003 Crustacea Isopoda Asellidae Caecidotea 57 0.0014 Amphipoda Gammaridae Gammarus 43 0.3822 Talitridae Hyalella azteca 8 0.0039 1868 1.6825

Table 5. Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #3, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps (9/16/96) and per meter2 (5/12/97). 266

Waneta Lake Site 3 (vegetative 9/15, benthic 5/12) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/mIl2 g/mll2 I Insecta Ephemeroptera Caenidae Caenis 1 0.0003 158 0.0776 Trichoptera Leptoceridae Oecetis 101 0.0776 Hydroptilidae Orthotrichia 72 0.0043 Diptera Ceratopogonidae Culicoides 29 <.0014

Chironomidae I 307 0.1462 7974 14.8635

Table 5 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #3, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps (9/16/96) and per meter2 (5/12/97). 267

Waneta Lake Site 4 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/mIl2 g/m"2 #/mIl2 g/mll2

! Platyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 72 <.0014 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 9.6609 Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae NA 0.3416 Mollusca Gastropoda Mesogastropoda Hydrobiidae Amnico/a limosa 14 0.1178 Arthropoda Arachnida Acarjformes Limnesiidae 14 <.0014 Crustacea Ostracoda 29 0.0014 Amphipoda Talitridae Hyalella azteca 14 <.0014 Insecta Trichoptera Hydroptilidae Mayatrichia 14 <.0014 Diptera Chaoboridae Chaoborus 2817 2.4296 3046 4.1681 Chironomidae 242 5.3627 1940 22.5230

Table 6. Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #4, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per meter. 268

Waneta Lake Site 5 (vegetative 9/16, benthic 5/12) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/mf\2 g/mf\2 IPlatyhelminthes Turbellaria I Tricladida Planariidae 38 0.0102 43 0.0187 Nemotoda 14 <.0014 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0009 Tubificidae NA 0.0230 Lumbricidae I\JA 0.1365 Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae NA 1.5647 Mollusca Gastropoda Basommatrophora Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 6 0.0071 14 0.0244 Physidae Physa sp. 2 0.0021 Mesogastropoda Valvatidae Valvata tricarinata 14 0.0216 Hydrobiidae Amnico/a /imosa 47 0.7885 129 1.2601 Arthropoda Arachnida Acariformes Limnesiidae 14 <.0014 Crustacea Amphipoda Talitridae Hyale/la azteca 39 0.0269 302 0.3477 Insecta Ephemeroptera Baetidae Paracloeodes 4 0.0051 Caenidae Caenis 22 0.0047 503 0.4943 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Ena/lagma 18 0.0609 Lepidoptera Nepticulidae 4 0.0024

Table 7. Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #5,9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps (9/16/96) and per meter2 (5/12/97). 269

Waneta Lake Site 5 (vegetative 9/16, benthic 5/12) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/mfl2 g/mfl2 I nchoptera Hydroptilidae Orthotrichia 1 0.0002 Oxythira 6 0.0009 Hydoptilla 2 0.0003 Coleoptera Curculionidae Euhrychiopsis 3 0.0039 Diptera Ceratopogonidae Bezzia or Palpomyia 2 0.0001 29 0.0043 Chaoboridae Chaoborus 1 0.0002 29 0.0072 Chironomidae 85 0.0587 3966 3.0187

Table 7 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #5, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps (9/16/96) and per metei" (5/12/97). 270

Waneta Lake Site 6 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/mIl2 g/mll2 #/mIl2 g/mll2 Platyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 43 0.0230 Nemotoda 43 0.0029 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0029 NA 0.0057 Tubificidae NA 0.1207 NA 0.0201 Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae NA 0.0417 NA 1.9770 Hirudinea Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae Helobdella stagnalis 57 0.2529 Mollusca Gastropoda Basommatrophora Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 43 0.0474 Mesogastropoda Hydrobiidae Amnicola limosa 460 5.5201 158 1.6322 Arthropoda Arachnida Acariformes Hydrodromidae Hydrodroma 14 <.0014 Limnesiidae 14 <.0014 14 0.0129 Crustacea Amphipoda Talitridae Hyalella azteca 1523 0.4670 374 0.3750 Insecta Ephemeroptera Caenidae Caenis 302 0.0661 891 0.8477 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma 101 0.1207 29 0.0259 Lepidoptera Nepticulidae 43 0.0374

Table 8. Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #6, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 271

Waneta Lake Site 6 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/mf\2 g/mf\2 #/mf\2 g/mf\2 I Tnchoptera Hydroptilidae Oxythira 14 0.0043 Agraylea 14 <.0014 Coleoptera Dytisicidae 14 0.0445 Diptera Ceratopogonidae

Probezzia 14 0.0029 I Bezzia or Palpomyia 57 0.0043 14 <.0014 Culicoides I 14 0.0029 Chaoboridae

Chaoborus I 14 0.0029 101 0.0733 Chironomidae 891 0.4454 3118 2.6178

Table 8 (cont.). Summary ofmacfobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #6, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 fOf site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 272

Waneta Lake Site 7 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/mI\2 g/ml\2 #/mI\2 g/ml\2 IPlatyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 38 0.0153 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0038 Tubificidae NA 0.1530 Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae NA 0.0076 Hirudinea Pharyngobdellida Erpobdellidae Erpobde//a 306 6.4952 5 0.4949 Arthropoda Crustacea Amphipoda Gammaridae Gammarus 229 0.1530 Insecta Diptera Ceratopogonidae Bezzia or Palpomyia 2 0.0023 Chironomidae 191 0.0076 17 0.0120

Table 9. Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #7,9/16/96 2 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per meter • 273

Waneta Lake Site 8 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp Platyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 21 0.0081 Nemotoda 4 0.0015 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0024 NA 0.0164 Hirudinea Pharyngobdellida Erpobdellidae Dina parva 1 0.0102 Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae Helobdella stagnalis 1 0.0038 Piscicolidae h1yzobdellalugubris 1 0.0055 Mollusca Bivalvia Veneroida Sphaeriidae Sphaerium 1 0.0019 Pisidium 1 0.0015 Gastropoda Basommatrophora Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 10 0.0095 Promentus exacuous 1 0.0040 Physidae Physa integra 4 0.0206 Physa sayii 2 0.0093 Mesogastropoda Valvatidae Valvata tricarinata 6 0.0202 Hydrobiidae Amnicola limosa 73 0.4679 15 0.0783

Table 10. Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #8, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 274

Waneta Lake Site 8 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp IArthropoda Arachnida Acariformes Limnesiidae 1 0.0002 Pionidae 1 0.0001 Crustacea Amphipoda Talitridae Hyalella azteca 163 0.0694 14 0.0084 Insecta Ephemeroptera Caenidae Caenis 15 0.0018 1 0.0002 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma 7 0.0158 Lepidoptera Nepticulidae 1 0.0010 Diptera Ceratopogonidae Bezzia or Palpomyia 9 0.0006 3 <.0001 Chaoboridae Chaoborus 1 0.0004 Chironomidae 86 0.0364 51 0.0481

Table 10 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #8, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 275

Waneta Lake Site 9 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp IPlatyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 1 0.0004 5 0.0116 Nemotoda 1 <.0001 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0062 Tubificidae NA 0.0046 Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae NA 0.0455 Hirudinea Pharyngobdellida Erpobdellidae Alboglossiphonia heteroclita 1 0.0019 Mollusca Bivalvia Veneroida Sphaeriidae Sphaerium 1 0.0014 Pisidium 2 0.0071 Gastropoda Basommatrophora Lymnaeidae Lymnaea columella 1 0.0109 Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 6 0.0054 Gyraulus hirsutus 2 0.0072 Physidae Physa sayii 3 0.0126 1 0.0014 Mesogastropoda Hydrobiidae Amnico/a limosa 14 0.0967 5 0.0251 Arthropoda Crustacea Isopoda Asellidae Caecidotea 1 0.0015 4 <.0001

Table 11. Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #9,9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 276

Waneta Lake Site 9 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp Amphlpoda Gammaridae Gammarus 2 0.0216 Talitridae Hyalella azteca 99 0.0589 144 0.1551 Insecta Ephemeroptera Caenidae Caenis 3 0.0007 9 0.0024 Odonata (Anisoptera) Libellulidae Erythemis 2 0.0259 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma 18 0.0637 8 0.0552 Hemiptera Mesoveliidae Mesovelia 6 0.0043 Lepidoptera Nepticulidae 1 0.0004 Pyralidae Acentria ephemerella 3 0.0034 Trichoptera Leptoceridae Leptocerus 2 0.0003 1 0.0003 Coleoptera Curculionidae Euhrychiopsis 1 0.0010 Chrysomelidae Pyrrhalta 9 0.0508 Diptera Ceratopogonidae Bezzia or Palpomyia 2 0.0003 5 0.0003 Culicoides 1 0.0004 Chironomidae 54 0.0168 53 0.0441

Table 11 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Waneta Lake, Site #9, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 277

Lamoka Lake Site 1 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/mf\2 g/mf\2 #/mf\2 g/mf\2 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae I Tubificidae NA 0.0274 0.1695 Lumbriculida I~ Lumbriculidae NA 0.0472 Arthropoda Crustacea Amphipoda Talitridae Hyalella azteca 43 0.0158 Insecta Diptera Chaoboridae Chaoborus 1262 1.1287 6767 6.4167 Chironomidae 675 2.8750

Table 12. Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #1,9/16/96 2 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per meter • 278

Lamoka Lake Site 2 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/mI\2 g/ml\2 #/mI\2 g/ml\2 IPlatyhelminthes

Turbellaria I Tricladida Planariidae 216 0.0690 Nemotoda 101 0.0072 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0043 NA 0.1968 Tubificidae NA 0.0158 Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae NA 0.0690 Hirudinea Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae I Helobdella stagnalis 14 0.0287 i >---'1 Glossiphonia complanata 72 0.2615 ! -i Mollusca I Bivalvia I Paleoheterodonta Unionidae I I * Lampsilis radiata (shells only I * Elliptio complanatus (shells only Veneroida I, Sphaeriidae i Sphaerium 14 0.0259 Pisidium 201 0.6810 Gastropoda Basommatrophora , Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 287 0.3879 Promentus exacuous 201 0.3592 Physidae Physa integra 230 4.2888 Mesogastropoda Hydrobiidae Amnicola limosa 273 2.1782 1034 6.9483

Table 13. Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #2, 9/16/96 2 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per meter . 279

I Lamoka Lake Site 2 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/m"2 g/m"2 #/m"2 I g/m"2 IArthropoda Arachnida , I Acariformes Limnesiidae 29 <.0014 Crustacea Copepoda Harpacticoida 29 <.0014 Isopoda Asellidae Caecidotea I 244 5.6207 Amphipoda Talitridae I Hyalella azteca , 158 0.0302 2213 2.3707 Insecta Ephemeroptera Baetidae Callibaetis 29 0.0920 Caenidae ~ Caenis 29 0.0086 848 0.4052 I Odonata (Anisoptera) Corduliidae Epitheca 187 19.8678 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenag rion idae Coenagrion or Enallagma 187 0.5589 Lepidoptera Pyralidae Acentria ephemerella 29 0.0201 Trichoptera Leptoceridae Leptocerus 86 0.0216 Setodes 115 0.2040 Phryganeidae Oligotricha 14 1.6307 Hydroptilidae Orthotrichia 144 0.0029 Oxythira 29 0.0287 Hydoptilla 14 <.0014 Diptera Tabanidae 43 0.7170 Ceratopogonidae Probezzia 14 0.0014 Bezzia or Palpomyia 287 0.0402 Chaoboridae Chaoborus 29 0.0086 Chironomidae 546 0.1652 13750 6.6322

Table 13 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #2, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per meter2. 280

Lamoka Lake Site 3 (vegetative) f 116/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/sari) I g/samp #/samp g/samp IPlatyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 3 '., 0.0010 6 I 0.0011 Annelida ,

Oligochaeta i Haplotaxida I Naididae NA 0.0002 NA 0.0015 Lumbriculida I Lumbriculidae NA 0.0028 Hirudinea Pharyngobdellida I Erpobdellidae Alboglossiphonia heteroclita 1 0.0002 Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae Helobdella stagnalis I 3 0.0125 2 0.0063 1 0.0008 Batracobdella I Placobdella 1 0.0076 Mollusca Bivalvia Veneroida Sphaeriidae Sphaerium 1 0.0029 3 0.0002 Gastropoda Basommatrophora Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 5 0.0047 Promentus exacuous 2 0.0009 Physidae Physa sayii 3 0.0150 Mesogastropoda I Valvatidae Valvata tricarinata I 23 0.0231 Hydrobiidae Amnicola limosa 174 0.4601

Table 14. Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #3,9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 281

Lamoka Lake Site 3 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp Arthropoda Arachnida Acariformes Limnesiidae 2 <.0001 Crustacea Isopoda Asellidae Caecidotea 7 0.0058 2 <.0001 Amphipoda Gammaridae

Gammarus I 3 0.0231 6 0.0848 Talitridae Hyalella azteca 85 0.0452 2 0.0003 Insecta Ephemeroptera Caenidae Caenis 1 <.0001 I Heptageniidae Stenacron ~1 0.0002 Odonata (Anisoptera) Corduliidae Epitheca 3 0.2118 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma I 11 0.0126 1 0.0003 Trichoptera I Leptoceridae Leptocerus 10 0.0023 Coleoptera Psephenidae Psephenus 1 0.0161 Diptera Ceratopogonidae Bezzia or Palpomyia 1 0.0002 Chironomidae 23 0.0081 207 0.1457

Table 14 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #3, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 282

Lamoka Lake Site 4 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp IPlatyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 1 0.0002 23 0.0180 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0003 Tubificidae NA 0.0078 Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae NA 0.0235 Hirudinea Pharyngobdellida Erpobdellidae Erpobdella 2 0.2111 Alboglossiphonia heteroclita 2 0.0004 Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae Helobdella stagnalis 1 0.0011 6 0.0235 Mollusca Bivalvia Veneroida Sphaeriidae Pisidium 19 0.0230 Gastropoda Basommatrophora Planorbidae Gyraulus paNus 15 0.0160 Gyraulus hirsutus 2 0.0226 Promentus exacuous 12 0.0203 Physidae Physa integra 2 0.0282 Physa sayii 6 0.0145 Mesogastropoda Valvatidae Valvata tricarinata 1 0.0016 3 0.0130 Hydrobiidae Amnicola limosa 467 1.6991 47 0.3464 Arthropoda Arachnida Acariformes Hydrodromidae Hydrodroma 3 0.0006 Limnesiidae 8 0.0017

Table 15. Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #4, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 283

Lamoka Lake Site 4 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp Crustacea Copepoda Harpacticoida 4 <.0001 Isopoda Asellidae Caecidotea 58 0.2960 Amphipoda Gammaridae Gammarus 4 0.0632 Talitridae Hyalella azteca 3 0.0011 344 0.4247 Insecta Ephemeroptera Caenidae Caenis 1 0.0002 54 0.0202 Odonata (Anisoptera) Corduliidae Epitheca 19 0.7102 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma 7 0.0523 22 0.1346 Trichoptera Polycentropodidae Cemotina 2 0.0131 Leptoceridae Oecetis 5 <.0001 Leptocerus 11 0.0028 Nectopsyche 1 0.0185 Phryganeidae Phryganea 2 0.1291 Hydroptilidae Agraylea 5 0.0003 Coleoptera Elmidae Oubiraphia 1 0.0004 Diptera Ceratopogonidae Bezzia or Pa/pomyia 69 0.0032 Culicoides 1 0.0002 Chironomidae 49 0.0151 384 0.3753

Table 15 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #4, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 284

Lamaka Lake Site 5 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/m/l2 g/m/l2 #/m/l2 g/m/l2 IPlatyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 287 0.2629 Nematoda 29 <.0014 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.6466 Lumbricidae NA 0.1379 Hirudinea Pharyngobdellida Erpobdellidae A/boglossiphonia heteroclita 72 0.0517 Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae Batracobdel/a 14 0.2385 Mollusca Bivalvia Veneroida Sphaeriidae Sphaerium 72 0.0819 Gastropoda Basommatrophara Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 43 0.0675 Gyraulus hirsutus 57 0.1925 Promentus exacuous 129 0.2557 Physidae Physa integra 14 0.0675 Mesogastrapoda Hydrobiidae Amnico/a limosa 560 0.2557 Arthropoda Arachnida Acariformes Hydrodromidae Hydrodroma 43 0.0057 Limnesiidae 57 0.0029 Sperconidae Spercon 14 <.0014

Table 16. Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #5,9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per meter2• 285

Lamoka Lake Site 5 (benthic) 9/16/96 5/12/97 -~ TAXA #/m"2 g/m"2 #/m"2 g/m"2 Crustacea Copepoda Harpacticoida 158 0.0014 Isopoda Asellidae Caecidotea 833 15.3046 Amphipoda Gammaridae Gammarus 14 0.0618 Talitridae Hyalella azteca 43 0.0072 4986 7.0833 Insecta Ephemeroptera Caenidae Caenis 1911 0.6523 Odonata (Anisoptera) Corduliidae Epitheca 201 11.9828 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma 201 0.7658 Trichoptera Polycentropodidae Cernotina 29 0.0445 Leptoceridae Oecetis 129 0.0445 Ylodes 29 0.0330 Leptocerus 29 0.0043 Nectopsyche 43 0.0374 Hydroptilidae Agraylea 14 0.0014 Diptera Empididae 14 0.0115 Ceratopogonidae Sphaeromias 43 0.1135 Bezzia or Palpomyia 603 0.0733 Chaoboridae Chaoborus 29 0.0172 Chironomidae 86 0.1293 7701 6.6020

Table 16 (cont.). Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #5, 2 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per meter • 286

Lamoka Lake Site 6 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp IPlatyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 2 0.0003 1 0.0017 Nemotoda NA 0.0002 6 0.0007 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0025 Hirudinea Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae He/obdella fusca 1 0.0039 Mollusca Bivalvia Veneroida Sphaeriidae Sphaerium 4 0.0057 1 0.0132 Pisidium 1 0.0021 56 0.1685 Gastropoda Basommatrophora Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 5 0.0016 11 0.0191 Gyraulus hirsutus 3 0.0091 6 0.0235 Promentus exacuous 2 0.0005 9 0.0231 Physidae Physa integra 2 0.0247 Physa sayii 7 0.0129 Ancylidae Ferrisia tarda 1 0.0006 Mesogastropoda Valvatidae Valvata tricarinata 15 0.0422 Hydrobiidae Amnico/a limosa 336 1.1594 109 0.3347 Arthropoda Arachnida Acariformes Hydrodromidae Hydrodroma 2 0.0002 Sperconidae Spercon 1 <.0001

Table 17. Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #6,9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 287

Lamoka Lake Site 6 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp Crustacea Copepoda Harpacticoida 1 <.0001 Isopoda Asellidae Caecidotea 1 0.0004 31 0.0288 Amphipoda Talitridae Hyalella azteca 153 0.0665 195 0.3137 Insecta Ephemeroptera I Baetidae I I Paracloeodes 1 0.0003 I Caenidae I Caenis I 7 0.0008 329 0.1723 Odonata (Anisoptera) Corduliidae Epitheca 7 0.0855 11 0.4651 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma 5 0.0067 16 0.1419 I Hemiptera Pleidae Neoplea 6 0.0078 Trichoptera Polycentropod idae

Cernotina I 3 0.0243 Leptoceridae Oecetis 1 0.0001 3 0.0047 Leptocerus 15 0.0013 1 0.0001 Ceraclea 2 0.0002 Hydroptilidae Oxythira 1 0.0003 1 0.0004 Diptera Ceratopogonidae

Sphaeromias I 3 0.0022 Bezzia or Palpomyia 3 0.0002 121 0.0257 CUlicoides 1 0.0002 Chaoboridae Chaoborus 1 0.0016 Chironomidae 114 0.0635 1012 0.7229

Table 17 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #6, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 288

Lamoka Lake Site 7 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp Platyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 1 0.0001 2 0.0012 Annelida Oligochaeta Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae NA 0.0123 Hirudinea Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae , He/obde/la stagnalis 5 0.0201 Batracobde/la 3 0.0082 Mollusca Bivalvia Veneroida Sphaeriidae Sphaerium 3 0.0032 1 0.0460 Pisidium 1 0.0050 Gastropoda Basommatrophora Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 2 0.0015 Gyraulus hirsutus 1 0.0053 Promentus exacuous 1 0.0008 Physidae Physa 1 0.0011 I Mesogastropoda Hydrobiidae I Amnicola limosa 20 0.0907 5 0.0012 Arthropoda Arachnida Acariformes Hyd rod romidae Hydrodroma 1 0.0001 Crustacea Isopoda Asellidae Caecidotea 1 0.0007 55 0.2098 Amphipoda Talitridae Hyale/la azteca 143 0.0674 114 0.1446

Table 18. Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #7, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 289

Lamoka Lake Site 7 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp Insecta Ephemeroptera Baetidae Parae/oeodes 1 0.0001 Caenidae Caenis 3 0.0004 3 0.0002 Odonata (Anisoptera) Libellulidae Erythemis 1 0.0172 Corduliidae Epitheca 1 0.0485 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma 41 0.1229 3 0.0084 Hemiptera Pleidae Neoplea 1 0.0013 Mesoveliidae Mesovelia 3 0.0037 Trichoptera Polycentropodidae Cernotina 8 0.0145 Leptoceridae Ylodes 5 0.0006 1 0.0003 Leptocerus 25 0.0044 Diptera Ceratopogonidae Sphaeromias 1 <.0001 Oasyhelea 1 0.0001 Bezzia or Palpomyia 28 0.0021 Chironomidae 66 0.0212 65 0.0251

Table 18 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #7, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 290

Lamoka Lake Site 8 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp IPlatyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 9 0.0011 11 0.0049 Nematoda 1 <.0001 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0002 NA 0.0099 Hirudinea Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae

Glossiphonia complanata I 2 0.0028 Mollusca Bivalvia Veneroida Sphaeriidae Pisidium 2 0.0015 5 0.0232 Gastropoda Basommatrophora Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 1 0.0022 Promentus exacuous 7 0.0129 Physidae Physa sayii 2 0.0169 5 0.0272 Mesogastropoda Valvatidae Valvata tricarinata 3 0.0163 Hydrobiidae Amnicola limosa 173 0.4403 80 0.2766 Arthropoda Arachnida Acariformes Limnesiidae 2 <.0001 Arrenuridae Arrenurus 1 0.0004 Crustacea Ostracoda 1 <.0001 Copepoda Harpacticoida 1 <.0001

Table 19. Summary of macrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #8,9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 291

Lamoka Lake Site 8 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp Isopoda Asellidae Caeeidotea 3 0.0002 Amphipoda Talitridae

Hya/e//a azteea I 336 0.0723 328 0.3508 Insecta Ephemeroptera Baetidae Parae/oeodes 1 0.0005 Caenidae Caenis 21 0.0025 174 0.0558 Odonata (Anisoptera) Corduliidae Epitheea 3 0.0265 5 0.1843 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma 21 0.0435 51 0.3404 Lepidoptera Nepticulidae 1 0.0001 I Pyralidae Aeentria ephemere//a 1 0.0001 1 0.0074 Trichoptera Polycentropodidae Cernotina 1 0.0015 2 0.0305 Leptoceridae Oeeetis 3 0.0004 1 0.0002 Y/odes 1 0.0075 Leptocerus 31 0.0056 67 0.0662 Hydroptilidae Orthotrichia 2 0.0003 3 0.0002 Oxythira 1 0.0002 Diptera Ceratopogonidae Sphaeromias 1 0.0026 Dasyhe/ea 4 0.0003 Bezzia or Pa/pomyia 11 0.0004 69 0.0070 Cu/ieoides 2 0.0001 Chaoboridae Chaoborus 1 0.0005 Chironomidae 92 0.0214 419 0.2867

Table 19 (cont.). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #8, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 292

Lamoka Lake Site 9 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp IPlatyhelminthes Turbellaria Tricladida Planariidae 18 0.0093 19 0.0008 Annelida Oligochaeta Haplotaxida Naididae NA 0.0003 Tubificidae NA 0.0002 Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae NA 0.0005 Hirudinea Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae I He/obdella 2 0.0039 Helobdella fusca 3 0.0075 Batracobdella 1 0.0046 Mollusca Bivalvia Veneroida Sphaeriidae Sphaerium 1 0.0018 Pisidium 2 0.0071 Gastropoda Basommatrophora Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus 3 0.0075 Promentus exacuous 4 0.0021 Physidae Physa sayii 7 0.0142 Mesogastropoda Valvatidae Valvata tricarinata 1 0.0016 Hydrobiidae Amnico/a limosa 116 0.3011 37 0.0452 Crustacea Amphipoda Talitridae Hyalella azteca 258 0.0958 76 0.0794

Table 20. Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #9,9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 293

Lamoka Lake Site 9 (vegetative) 9/16/96 5/12/97 TAXA #/samp g/samp #/samp g/samp Insecta Ephemeroptera Caenidae Caenis 136 0.0611 51 0.0258 Odonata (Anisoptera) Corduliidae Epitheca 6 0.1667 2 0.1349 Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Coenagrion or Enallagma 28 0.0998 8 0.0334 Lestidae Lestes 1 0.0203 Lepidoptera Nepticulidae 1 0.0002 Trichoptera Polycentropodidae Cernotina 4 0.0072 Leptoceridae Oecetis 2 0.0003 1 0.0004 Ylodes 3 0.0007 2 0.0038 Leptocerus 369 0.1362 36 0.0382 Hydroptilidae Orthotrichia 2 0.0005 Coleoptera Curculionidae EUhrychiopsis 1 0.0007 Diptera Ceratopogonidae Dasyhelea 7 0.0012 Bezzia or Palpomyia 9 0.0005 41 0.0013 Culicoides 2 0.0004 Chaoboridae Chaoborus 1 0.0003 22 0.0039 Chironomidae 275 0.1368 377 0.5634

Table 20 (cont). Summary ofmacrobenthic invertebrates collected from Lamoka Lake, Site #9, 9/16/96 and 5/12/97 (see Figure 2 for site locations). Densities and biomass presented per 20 vegetative sweeps. 294

increase in benthic biodiversity. However, this is likely due to extraneous factors, such as differences in sampling and processing techniques and the taxonomic level to which some groups were determined.

Acentria ephemerella, a larval aquatic moth, and Euhrychiopsis lecontei, an aquatic weevil, were collected in this survey. These organisms are known to feed consistently upon Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasion watermilfoil). Recent research on E. lecontei suggests that this beetle has the potential to serve as an effective tool in managing milfoil (Sheldon, 1997). Neither of these insects was found in significant numbers; however, harvesting milfoil may have limited their populations. These animals tend to live in the upper portion of milfoil beds, feeding primarily on apical meristems of plants. Mechanical plant harvesting, therefore, has severe negative impacts on the populations of these animals (Sheldon, 1997; Harman et at., 1997). Limiting or discontinuing harvesting may result in a long term, self sustaining means of controlling milfoil.

Waneta and Lamoka Lakes seem likely candidates for zebra mussel colonization. Calcium concentrations of approximately 18 mg/l, coupled with pH values of7.4-7.7 encountered in the Lakes, provide for conditions suitable for these organisms. Given the proximity of these Lakes to infested waters, including Seneca and Cayuga Lakes, and the readily available access afforded by convenient boat launching facilities, a protocol for preventing the introduction of these organisms would seem appropriate.

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