Mayor's Cruise Ship Task Force Island of Maui
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MAYOR’SMAYOR’S CRUISECRUISE SHIPSHIP TASKTASK FORCEFORCE ISLANDISLAND OFOF MAUIMAUI FINALFINAL REPORTREPORT August 15, 2005 MAYOR’S CRUISE SHIP TASK FORCE ISLAND OF MAUI FINAL REPORT August 15, 2005 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In addition to the individuals who served generously as resources to this Task Force, we gratefully acknowledge many others who assisted with logistics and other preparations. The office assistants at the County's Office of Economic Development helped with meeting arrangements and materials as did the Mayor's office staff. We are also grateful to Department of Public Works staff for providing occasional assistance with document production, to corporation counsel for analyzing legal issues encountered by the Task Force and to the GIS Division for producing the map of Kahului Harbor. Thanks also to the Maui Economic Development Board for meeting assistance and advice on formatting and designing the final report; to the ILWU for use of their convenient meeting space and the Maui County Employees Federal Credit Union for making their conference room available for Task Force meetings. MAYOR’S CRUISE SHIP TASK FORCE FINAL REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS BACKGROUND ………………………………………………………………………...….1 FINDINGS MAUI CRUISE SHIPS AND VISITORS………………………………………………5 CULTURE………………………………………………………………………………11 INFRASTRUCTURE………………………………………………………………......17 ECONOMICS…………………………………………………………………………..37 LEGISLATIVE AND POLITICAL……………………………………………………..51 ENVIRONMENT……………………………………………………………………….59 SECURITY AND SAFETY……………………………………………………………75 SOCIAL…………………………………………………………………………………83 PREFACE TO RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………..….85 RECOMMENDATIONS GENERAL………………………………………………………………………………87 CULTURE………………………………………………………………………………90 INFRASTRUCTURE…………………………………………………………………..92 ECONOMIC…………………………………………………………………………….95 LEGISLATIVE AND POLITICAL……………………………………………………..97 ENVIRONMENTAL……………………………………………………………………99 SECURITY AND SAFETY…………………………………………………………..102 SOCIAL………………………………………………………………………………..103 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) APPENDICES APPENDIX A TASK FORCE MEMBERS…………………………………...…107 APPENDIX B TASK FORCE RESOURCES…………………..………………108 APPENDIX C MAJOR CRUISE SHIPS VISITING MAUI……..………………111 APPENDIX D PROPOSED NCL AMERICA WEEKLY SCHEDULE…………………………………………..112 APPENDIX E KAHULUI HARBOR MAP…………………………...…………..113 APPENDIX F ALLOCATION OF REVENUE IN TWO DLNR HARBORS…………………………………………….…..114 APPENDIX G SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENTS TO MALA WHARF…………………………………………...…….…115 APPENDIX H DOT HARBOR FEES…………………………..………………..116 APPENDIX I LIQUOR COMMISSION REGULATIONS……..………………117 APPENDIX J HAWAI`I MOU…...………………………………..……….…..…119 APPENDIX K ORGANIZATIONS AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING MARINE WATER QUALITY AND SAFETY…...………………125 APPENDIX L HAWAI`I MARINE AREA MAP………………………………….132 APPENDIX M REGULATIONS GOVERNING WASTE STREAMS ON SHIPS………………………………………………………...133 APPENDIX N COMPARISON OF MOUs: FLORIDA, HAWAI`I AND WASHINGTON……………………………….…139 APPENDIX O COMPARISON OF ALASKA AND CALIFORNIA LEGISLATION WITH THE HAWAI`I MOU…..………………..142 APPENDIX P WASTE MATERIALS ON CRUISE SHIPS…………...……….144 APPENDIX Q MARINE SANITATION DEVICES………..…………………….145 Mayor’s Cruise Ship Task Force LIST OF CHARTS Chart 1 Ships Making More Than Ten Visits to Maui in 2003 and 2004……………6 Chart 2 Cruise Ship and Passenger Numbers Visiting Maui in 2003 and 2004…...6 Chart 3 Scheduled Cruise Ship Arrivals and Stays in Maui Harbors………………..7 Chart 4 Cruise Passenger Arrival Figures……………..………………………………8 Chart 5 Cruise Passenger Arrivals Scheduled through 2007………………………..9 Chart 6 Cruise Passenger Versus Air Visitor Arrivals………………………………...9 Chart 7 Cruise Passenger Arrivals as a Percentage of Maui Visitor Arrivals…….10 Chart 8 Vessels That Use Pier 1 of Kahului Harbor…………………………………25 Chart 9 Revenues Generated and Spent in Lahaina Harbor……………………….31 Chart 10 Cruise Passengers and Crew Scheduled to Arrive on Maui………………33 Chart 11 Taxes, Fees and Reimbursements Paid by Cruise Ships and Hotels…...38 Chart 12 Cruise Passenger Fees in Hawai`i and Other Ports.................................39 Chart 13 Statewide Passenger and Crew Spending………………………………….40 Chart 14 Passenger and Crew Spending Breakdown………………………………..41 Chart 15 Economic Benefit of Cruise Ships to the Activities and Attractions Industry………………………………………………………43 Chart 16 Number of Cruise Stops to be Made and Days to be Spent in Maui Ports……………………………………………………..50 Chart 17 Waste Streams on Cruise Ships…….……………………………………….60 Mayor’s Cruise Ship Task Force ABBREVIATIONS ADEC Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation AWTS Advanced Wastewater Treatment System CAA Federal (US) Clean Air Act CAB Clean Air Branch (Hawai`i Department of Health, Division of Environmental Management) CFR Code of Federal Regulation CWA Federal (US) Clean Water Act DBEDT Hawai`i Department of Business Economic Development and Tourism DLNR Hawai`i Department of Land and Natural Resources DOBOR Division of Boating and Ocean Recreation (Hawai`i Department of Land and Natural Resources) DOCARE Division of Conservation and Resource Enforcement (Hawai`i Department of Land and Natural Resources) DOH Hawai`i Department of Health DOT Hawai`i Department of Transportation EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone EPA Environmental Protection Agency (Federal) EU European Union F&B Food and Beverage FSP Facilities Security Plan GET General Excise Tax HIHWNMS Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary HMA Hawai`i Marine Area HP Home-ported ICCL International Council of Cruise Lines IMO International Maritime Organization IPSP International Port Security Program IT In transit MARPOL Marine Pollution MCDA Maui County Civil Defense Agency MCDLC Maui County Department of Liquor Control MOU Memorandum of Understanding MSD Marine Sanitation Device MTSA Maritime Transportation Security Act MVB Maui Visitors Bureau NANPCA Nonindigenous Aquatic Nuisance Prevention and Control Act NBIC National Ballast Information Clearinghouse NCL Norwegian Cruise Lines NCLA NCL America NDZ No Discharge Zone Mayor’s Cruise Ship Task Force NISA National Invasive Species Act NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOx Nitrous Oxide Emissions NPDES National Pollution Discharge Elimination System NWCA Northwest Cruise Ship Association OEQC Hawai`i Office of Environmental Quality Control PAT Polynesian Adventure Tours RCRA Resource Recovery and Conservation Act USCG United States Coast Guard Mayor’s Cruise Ship Task Force BACKGROUND __________________________________________ The great increase in the number of cruise ships visiting Maui between the mid-nineties when the first cruise ship arrived in Lahaina Harbor to 2003 when over 230,000 cruise visitors arrived on Maui prompted Mayor Alan Arakawa to appoint a Task Force of community members to assess the impacts and benefits of cruise ships on the island Maui.1 The Task Force included of a broad spectrum of Maui residents drawn from County and State government, large and small business, tourism, small towns and culture, environmental organizations, the visitor industry, law enforcement and economic development. Task Force members are listed in Appendix A. The only funding appropriated for the activities of the Task Force were funds paid to a consultant to assist with research, writing and Task Force coordination. The Task Force held 41 meetings between November 7, 2003 and August 4, 2005 to interview resources, discuss data, statistics and other information, and draft the report, including the findings and recommendations. It also held two community meetings to present a brief summary of its interim findings and solicit comments and input from the public. One meeting was held at Lahaina Intermediate School on November 9, 2004 and one was held at Maui Waena (in Kahului) on November 16, 2004. The work of this Task Force was not undertaken as a technical study. Rather the process was designed to be a broad informal survey and assessment from a community perspective of the cruise industry in Maui. The members of the Task Force, who are all residents of Maui, felt it was imperative to understand this new sector to Maui from multiple angles and therefore organized its approach and information gathering from several perspectives: 1 Because the cruise ships currently only visit the island of Maui in Maui County, the Task Force limited its scope to the Maui experience. Some components of the Task Force work, however, may have value in future assessments conducted by Moloka`i or Lana`i of this possible sector in their economies. 1 Mayor’s Cruise Ship Task Force Background • Cultural • Economic • Environmental • Infrastructural • Political • Security/Safety • Social The Task Force also drew on information from representatives of the Federal, State and County government, the local business community, workers in Lahaina and Kahului harbors, the cruise industry, recreational harbor users, local residents, etc. A complete listing of the Task Force resources is presented in Appendix B. The approach taken by the Task Force reflected the core values of our community and the importance of evaluating dynamic influences or initiatives that impact the community in the context of all of these values. The core values of the community derive from a history of long-range planning and visioning processes and studies conducted in the Maui County, some of which date back to the mid-eighties and others as recent as June 2005. These include Visions of the Future, Decisions Maui, Main Street Community Workshops, Conferences and Data Collection, the Community General Plan, and Focus Maui Nui. Through these