Publishers' Introduction

PUBLISHERS' INTRODUCTION.

While ve have paid due care and attention to the business department of the enterprise, which now results in a History of Nashua, we have endeavored to neglect nothing which would tend to make it a literary ,tto_,-:---:a *. hstoric value. Me-chanica''y- "IS all that high grade tiaatieria' c..,:, o--a-a h-c' -tte.-t sue a creditable work, can make it.. We thus express our appreciation of the financial support and smpathy of the public through which the production is made possible. We extend our thanks t6 'he :g:entlemen, who without compensation assumed the no light task of preparing their various portions of the work.

HISTORY

OF THE CITY OF NASHUA, N. H.

FRO_M THE EARLIEST SETTLEMENT OF OLD DUNSTABLE TO THE YEAR 1895

WITH BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF EARLY SETTLERS, THEIR DESCENDANTS AND OTHER RESIDENTS

[Iluatratcb with flflap, ngraving, aub ortrait

PREPARED BV A SELECTED CORPS OF EDITORS UNDER THE BUSINESS SUPERINPENDENCE OF H. REINHEIER & CO.

JUDGE EDWARD E. PARKER EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

PAGE. PAGE. Charter of Old Dunstable, Title Page Estabrook.Anderson Shoe Factory (Palm street view) 457 Editorial Group, JEstabrook-Anderson Shoe Factory, 457 The Indian Head House, 64 Estabzook-AndersonShoe Factory (Pine street view) 58 The Arms of the Priory of Dunstable, 77 Nashua Card and Glazed Paper Co. (some of the help) 459 A Venerable Witness, 93 Nashua Card and Glazed Paper Company Factory, 46o The Island--A iv-on the Nashua River, IO2 Pennichuck Water Works Pumping Station, 468 The old Iron Bridge Over the Nashua, An Old Shop Window, 47I The First Congregational Church, I49 Nashua Manufacturing Company, 472 The First Congregati,onal Church, Main Street, i5o Nashua FallsNashua River, 473 Pilgrim Church, An Old Advertisement, 497 The Methodist Church, 58 Telegraph Building, 5co The Protestant Episcopal Church, 160 Fat-Simile of Old Regimental Order, 524 The Chapel, ]dgewood Cemetery, Fac-Simile of Old Regimental Order, 525 View in Edgewood Cemetery, I93 T,he Armory, 544 View in ]dgewood Cemetery, I94 Residence of Mrs. Charles Williams, 554 View in ]dgewood Cemetery, 95 The Willows., 588 School Buildings, 255 Public Buildings, 589 Nashua Literary Institute, Fire Stations, 595 Battle Flags, 298 City Farm and House of Correction, 599 Residence of Dana W. King, 3o Hudson Iron BridgeI-Iigh and Low \Vater, 6o Soldiers' Monument, 317 Stark Squa e, 605 Sacred Heart Parochial School, 425 School Houses erected in I896-897,. 6o7 Cotton Fibre, 438 Hand Tub, 609 Williams' Foundry, 439 Steam Fi:e, Engine number forr, 6o Old Hollis Street Shoe Shop, 456 EDITORIAL I-NTRODUCTION.

Very nearly half a century had elapsed since the publication of Fox's "History of Dunstable," and Nashua had grown from a village of six thousand inhabitants or thereabouts, to a city of more than triple that size. No systematic effort at preserving th account of its growth or the events leading to its present condition had been made. The importance of such. a work was understood and appreciated by its citizens, but the task was recognized as a. formidable one, involving much labor with but little probability of adequate compensation. When, in November, I894, an outside firm of publishers proposed to undertake the work, Nashuans were reluctant in encouraging the project, feeling that strangers could not prepare the history intelligently and would be inclined to slight those things of most interest and importance, for such portions as woMd yield a profit. After careful deliberation, the tone of the public sentiment having been ascertained in a meas- ure through means of the press and by interviews with citizens, it was decided to call a meeting of several of the gentlemen who had been interviewed, together with others, in order that some definite and satisfactory plan might be decided upon. The meeting was called and, while there was a variety of opinions as to the method to be pur- sued in writing the history, there was the greatest unanimity in regard to the .desirability and propriety of the work bein done. The meeting adjourned without date and without arriving at any definite conclusion, but, notwithstanding the somewhat discouraging tone of the deliberations, the gentlemen engaged in the work were not disheartened but continued to labor assiduously, meeting, day by day, in spite of many obstacles and hindrances, the most encouraging signs of public sympathy and approval. The plan of a continuous n.arrative was finally dismissed as inexpedient, since it would pre- clude t"he possibility of issuing such a work for many years from the date of its commencement. There then seemed to be but one plan to be .considered, having, as its exponent and model, the Memorial History of Boston, published in x885, which has the indorsement and approval o some of Che most distinguished scholars and citizens of Massachusetts and of the literary world. Fo.llowing the general plan of that work, the city's history has been divided in topics, or subjects, which are of sufficient number to include everything of vital importance. Each of these subjects or topics is written by one person, who, having nothing to do with matters other than those W.hich appertain to his own chapter, will, we apprehend, give a correspondingly more lucid, accurate and interesting account of the historical phase of which he writes. That the gentlemen whose harnesSare associated together as editors of the work, perform their labor without compensation is a sufficient guarantee of its probable merit and value as a history, and that it will fulfill all that it promises. All of them are residents of Nashua of years of stand- ing, distinguished among their fellow citizens as men of probity, sound judgment and abundant mental capacities,and the promoters of this work can feel that they h-ave reason to congratulate themselves and the citizens of Nashua upon ha-ving been successful in securing a staff of editors so well qualified and peculiarly fitted for the work which each has performed. A prominent feature of the book are the portraits of citizens of Nashua, both of the living and of the dead. In connection with these portraits there are also short biographical-sketches. Their value and importance will be more readily seen and appreciated when one considers that they are made a component part of the work not so much for their present value, although that is of no small account, as for the inestimable value and orth to future generations. THE ED1TOttS. CONTENTS. v CONTENTS. PART FIRST. CHAPTER I. THE FIRST SETTLERS OF DUNSTABLE.

Legend of the Northmen. First Voyages to the New World. Landing of the Pilgrims. Valleys of t,he Merrimack and Nashua. Endicott Rock. Friendly Indians. Settlements extended north of Chelmsford a.nd-Groton. Early Grants. Brenton's Farm. Charlestown School Farm Grant. Dramcup Hill. Billerica School Farm Grant. Jonathan Danforth, Surveyor. Thomas Brattle. John Parker, Brattle Street Church. 3 CHAPTER II. HISTORY FROM 1662 TO I674.

Henry Kimball's Farm. Grant to Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston. Artillery Pofid. Petition for consolidation of Grants into one Plantation. Township of Dunstable. Early Proprietors. "Trafficking with the Indians. Indian Tribes. Passaconoway, Venerated Chief. Last Indian Resident. Roby's Farm. Whittier's Poean "The Bashaba's Feast." First Settlers. Rev. Thomas Weld, First Pastor. His House-lot. Old Fort. Houses of Hassell, Temple and Perry. 9 CHAPTER III. HISTORY FROM 1675; TO 1685.

Civil Affairs. Town Meetings. First Meeting-house. Rev. Thomas Weld, first miuister. His settlement. High- land Farm. Other nlatters of interest pertaining to it. Bobbin Factory. Baldwin apple. Public Sentimeit. Great Comet. Death of Edward Tyng. Town regulations. Mine Islands. Highway from Groton. Thirty Acre Rights. Names of the propriet6rs. Taxes. 17 CHAPTER 1V. HISTORY FROM 1685 TO THE DEATH OF REV. MR. WELD 1N 17o2.

New Meeting-house built. Ordination of Mr. Weld. Church fornled. Names of members. Covenant. Other churches in New Hampshire. Indians sell their lands and remove from the vicinity. Bridge built over Concord river at Billerica. Dog whipper appointed. Important meeting of Delegates in Boston. First Tythingman chosen. Indian ravages in eastern part. Representatives of.the town. Settlers.forfeit rights by removal. State tax abated and graut for support of ministry made. Mrs. Hannah Dustin taken captive at Haverhill, Mass. Killed her captors and returned. Monument to her memory. Frequent alarms pr :flted growth of settlement. Grist mill at mouth of Stony Brook. Rev. Mr. Weld's compensation. M.-etig-house glazed. List of inhabitants. Aid asked to support the ministry. Death of '", ",id. Biographical sketch. Monument to his menlo, y, a5

CHAPTER V. ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY FROM 17o2 TO 1737.

Town Records imperfect. Grant for support of the ministry. Rev. Samuel Hunt. His petition. Rev. Samuel Parris. Meeting-house repaired. Rev. Ames Cheerer. Salary. Rev. Mr. Treat. Parsonage. Rev. Jona. Pierpont. Rev. Mr. Coffin. Rev. Mr. Prentice. His marriage. Salary. Death of Rev. Mr. Prentice. His grave. Death of Jonathan Tyng. 33 CHAPTER VI. CIVIL HISTORY OF THE TOWN UNTIL ITS DIVISION BY THE NEW STATE LINE IN I74.

Growth of town. Need of aid. Bills of credit issued. Farwell and Blanchard Trustees for town's share. Second issue, Rev. Mr. Prentice receives it. Depreciation in value. No representative chosen. Records. The Meeting-house. Pews erected. First Pauper. Grand Jurymen chosen by town. Tythingman chosen. Bridge at Billerica. Voting by ballot. Customs of the times. Ferry-boat. Earthquake. InnkeelSers lice,ned. Boom across the Merrimack. Jurisprudence. Taxes. Education, Laws relating to it. Difficulty of observi,n,g them. Town indicted. Small amount raised. Fell into neglect. Various disputes. New settlements. Nottingham (Hudson). Merrimack. Litchfield. Vote to build new M.e.eting-hou,se. H611is. Townsend. State line fixed. Rev. Mr. Swan settled. "New Lights." Meeting-house built. 37 CHAPTER VII. HISTORY OF DUNSTABLE, N. H., TO THE OLD FRENCH WAR.

Incorporation by New Hampshire. Great road to Tvngsbbrongh. "Rev. Mr. Swan dismissed. Anecdoteofhim. No schoolhouse in town. Indian hostilities. Soldiers impressed into service: Farwell and Taylor captured and taken to Canada. Rev. Mr. Bird scuttled. Divisions in the elaureh. Proceedings declared illegal. Mr. Bird leaves Dunstable. "One-Pie Hill" eo,ntroversy. Full aee6.unt by Judge Worcester. Schools resumed. w CO_A/TENITS.

Bridge over the Nashua. Lottery proposed to raise money. Not granted. Funds raised by subscription. Death of John Lovewell. Sketch of his life. His great age, Rev. Mr. Adams preached two years. New meeting-house built, 43 CHAPTER VlIl. HISTORY FROM- I757 TO THE REVOLUTION.

Church affairs. Rev. Mr. Smith. Protest. Notice of Colonel Blanchard. Rev. Josiah Cotton. Ecclesiastical council. Compromise. Town ,meeting on points of doctrine. Rev. Mr. LiverInore. Rev. Mr. Fessenden. Rev. Mr. Kidder settled. Notice of him. Rev. Mr. Sperry. Slavesowned in town. Customs at funerals. 50 CHAPTER IX. HISTORY TO THE ORIGIN OF NASHUA VILLAGE.

Sacrifices made for independence. Convention for state constitution Representatives. Convention to adopt consti- tion of United States. Different opinions. Vote of the town against it. Notice of Jonathan Blanchard--of Judge Jonathan Lovewell, 53 CHAPTER X. HISTORY OF :NASHUA VILLAGE.-

First stage coach. Boating on the Merrimack. Population in 18oo. Canal boat launched. Oration. Name of Nashua. Description of the village. Post office. Middlesex canal. Gradual increase. Dunstable plains. Changes in Main street. New Meeting-house built. Rev. Mr. Sperry ordained. Dams across Nashua River. Census. Manufactures contemplated. First views. Nashua Manufacturing company. Their works. Boating canal. Indian Head company. Meeting-house on Olive street erected. History-of the two Congregational societies. New bridge. Taylor's falls bridge. .Unitarian church. State of Nashua Manufacturing companY. Jackson company. Newspapers. First Baptist church. Methodist churches. Growth of the village. Rail- roads. Bank7 Steamboat. Universalist church. Population. Second Baptist church. Name of the town changed. Fiee-will Baptist church, First Christian society. Protestant Episcopal church. Machine shop. Manufacturers' and Mechanics' association. Iron Foundry. Factory at Salmon Brook. Vote to erect a town house. Town of Nashville organized. Contrast of the past and present. 56 CHAPTER XI.

Indian Head Coffee house. Wheelwright shop of Jesse Crosby. Kendrick & Tuttle's store. The "Tontine." :Fletcher street. Watananock house. Thayer's court. Store on corner of Franklin street, now Whiting building'_' -.t Baptist church building. Central building. Shattuck's block. Greeley building. Central house. "Boat Landing. Timothy Gay's grocery store. First brick store and dwelling house in town. First Congre- gational church build'i-t ..-'.e, :ip'. Lock. ]Eayer's "lock. Jacob Hall cottage. Aaron F. Sawyer house. Atwood's building. Murgatroyd & Barker's block. Exchange building. Fisher's block. Beasom block. Factory street. Hunt building. Washington house. Noyes block. John G. Blunt's store. Craft's pottery. Residences of forty years ago. 63 APPENDICES.

Genealogy of the early settlers of Old Dunstable. 7 2History of the post office in Nashua. 73 3Statistics of the district schools. 74 4The nameIts origin. 77 CONTENTS. vii CONTENTS. PART SECOND.

POEMmThe Last of the Nashaways, 8o

Topography and Surface Geology, 93

HIGHWAYS, BRIDGES, CANALS, STAGING AND TAVERNS.

Introduction. "Apostle EIiot"mI-Iis bridle path. Naticook land grant. Earliest laid out road. First bridge over Salmon brook. Ferry over the Merrimack river. The "Pound." Laying out of road from Nashua river to Pennichuck brook. Bridges over the Nashua. Runnells' bridge troubles. Laying out of roads fl:om Dec. 5, 1755, to Oct. 4, 1766, inclusive. First hearse. First recorded dead. Taylor's falls bridge, !825. Middlesex canal, 18o4. The Nashua river dam below the bridge. Taylor's falls bridge. Laying out roads in Nashville, Stage coaches. Taverns. 114

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.

Introduction. Chronological table of the churches. The First Congregational church. Division in thee church. Benevolences. Pilgrim church. Rev. Handel G. Nott. Pearl Street chnrch. The Universalist church. First Baptist church. The Crown Hill Baptist church. The Unitarian church. The Methodist church--Its division and reunion. Appointments. The Protestant Episcopal church. The Church of the Immaculate Conception. Father O'D0nnell. St. Aloysius. St. Francis Xavier. Young Men's Christian association. The: Salvation Army. The Free Will Baptist church. Spiritualism. Conclusion. 148

THE CEM.ETERIES--ANCIENT AND MODERN.

The old burying ground. The Southwest or Gilson cemetery. The Old South cemetery. Nashua cemetery. Edge- wood cemetery. The Spring street cemetery. The Irish Catholic cemetery. Cemetery of the Church of St. Aloysius. Cemetery of the Church of St. Francis Xavier. I74 MEDICAL HISTORY OF NASHUA.

Introduction. Nathan Cutler. Doctor Maynard. Peter Howe. Micah Eldridge. Ebenezer Dearborn. Elijah Colburn. Charles P: Coffin. J. G. Graves. Small poxmI837. Edward SpalAing. Josiah Kittredge. E.B. Hammond. J.F. Whittle. O. A. Woodbury. B. Colby. S.A. Toothaker. H.W. Buxton. W.E. Rider. J. H. Graves. N. P. Carter. J. C. Garland. Samuel Ingalls. N. J. Moore. George Gray. Edwin Colburn. L. P. Sawyer. F. B. Ayer. W. A. Tracy. Ezra L. Griffin. James B. Greeley. Thomas H. Oibby. George W. Currier. Andrew J. Gilson. E. F. McQuesten. George F. Wilbur. G. H. Noyes. P. E. Dansereau. Eugene Wason. S. G. Dearborn. C. S. Collins. Henry O. Dearborn. R.J. Halarn. W.S. Collins. John Nottage. C. C. Ellis. M. H. Tierney. A.M. Spaldil?g. W.H. Dinsmore. N.E. Guillet. W.I. Blanchard. Doctor Conroy. G. H. Greeley. A.M." Spalding. C.B. Hammond. J.N. Woodward. A.W. Petit. George A. Underhill. C. S, Rounsevel. Bradford Allen. R. B. Prescott. A.W. Shea. Ella Blaylock. Katherine E. Prichard. F. E. Kittredge. J. A. Lagace. M.T. Lajoie. A. S. Wallace: H. H. Jewell. I.F. Graves. B. O. Ioran. F.A. Dearborn. I.O. Anthoine. J.T. Oreelgy. R. V. Vaillancour. Emile Simard. Augustus Guertin. Napoleon Matte. Charles S. Valcour. Charles F. Nutter. First board of health. Nashua Medical association. Emergency hospital. 230 EDUCATIONAL.

First school .in town. First school committee. First school house. First school hoase on north side of Nashua river, II6. Schoots in 1839 and 184o. Re-numbering of clistricts. Vocal music. Mount Pleasant school house. West Pearl street school house. Main street school house. Formation of High school in 1869. Charles H. Merrill. Evening schools. T. W. Hussey, Edward A. Kings.Icy. S. Arthur Bent. John H. Goodale. O'Donnell School. ErastusB. Povers. E.J. Goodwin. Lemuel S. Hastings. .Fred Gowing. Nashua Literary institution. St. Aloysius Parochial school. School of the Sacred Heart. Parochial school of the Church of St. Francis Xavier. 255 CowTENTS. MILITARY HISTORY TO THE CLOSE OF, THE WAR WITH M,EXICO,

Introduction. Indian tribes. Passaconaway. Wannalancet. King Philip. Perilous situation of Dunstable. Indians remove. Garrison increased. Measures of governor and council. Mr. Tyng alone remains in Dunstabie. His petition. Attack on Chelmsford. Sudden appearance of Mohawks. Second appearance. Wannalancet retires to Canada. Treaty of Nimguen. French war of 1689. Indian attack on Dover. Garrisons. Inalan avages. Hassell massacre. Joe English. Massacre of tile Parris family. Attack on the Weld garrison--Blanchard's-- Galusha's. Death of Joe English. Precautions against the Indians. Account-bf Indian wars from Bancro-ft-- from Mary Rowlandson. Peace. Indian disturbances renewed. Incursion of Mohawks. Cross and Blanchard captured. The pursuers waylaid and cut off. Second fight. Name of Indian Head. William Lund captured. Loyewell's war and Lovewell's fight. Ballads. Restoration of peace. Anecdotes of Indian hostilities. Ravages of !745. Capture of Farwell and Taylor. Peace. "Old I're-nchWar." Rogers' Rangers, Dunstable men ill the service. Colonel Goffe's regiment. Dunstable in the Revolutionary War.. Fight at Lexington. Walker's o.mpany. Character of New Hampshire troops. Battle of Bunker Hill. Conlmittee of Safety. Flags in use during the war. Representatives. New HampsMre troops in tile service. List of Dunstable soldiers, War of 1812. Few soldiers from Dunstable. List. Notes. Indian Stream War. Florida War. Mexican W'ar. Meeting to organize company of volunteers. Gen. Franklin Pierce. Lieut. George Bowers. Lieut. Thomas P. Pierce. Roll of Captain Bowers' company. Lieut. John G. Foster. Roll of Dunstable men in the navy. Conclusion. 270 NASHUA 1N THE C1VIL WAR.

Dedication of soldiers' monutnent. Opening of the war. Meetings of Nashua's citizens. Public interest in war measures. 1861. Company E, First regiment. Aarou F. Stevens. Niagara Fire lgngine company. Granite State cadets. Home guard. Return of the First regiment and welcome home. Second regiment. Third regiment. Fourth regiment. Fifth regiment. Sixth regiment. Seventh regitnent. Eighth regiment. Ninth regiment. Tenth regiment. Eleventh and Twelfth reginlents. Thirteenth regiment. Fourteenth to Eigh- teenth regiments. New Hampshire battalion, First regiment, New England volunteef cavalry. First regiment New Hampshire volunteer cavalry.- Other organizations. Distinguished sons. Local branch of Sanitary com- mission. Young Ladies' Soldiers' Aid society. Nanles and personal record of 1,348 different men. Names of natives or residents of the dity who participated in the War of the Rebellion. 317 THE BENCH AND THE BAR. "x'

Daniel "Abbot, the first lawyer settled in Dunstable. First law office. Beniamin F. French. Peter Clark, Jr. Charles F. Gore. Aaron F. Stevens. Beniamin F. ]gmerson. Aaron P. Hughes. Bernard B. Whittemore. Samuel T. Worcester. Charles W. Hoitt. Eugene M. Bowman. Edwin B. Gould. Royal Dexter Barnes. Charles D. Parker. Jeremiah J. Doyle. Stephen L. Hallinan. Bertis A. Pease. William J. McKay. Alvin J. Lucier. Edmund Parker. William Barrett. James F. J. Otterson. Leonard F(eeman B,urbank. Lyman D. Cook. George Wilson Clyde. Henri T, Ledoux. W'alter E. Kittredge. Other lawyers Who have been and remained in Nashua for a short time. 412 MANUFACTURES.

The introduction, Textile, Nashua Manufacturing company, Jackson Manufacturing company, Vale Mills compan)r. Metal workers, Harbor Machine shop, Gage, Warner and Whitney, Nashua Iron foundry,: Nashua Iron & Steel works, Underhill Edge Tool company, Nashua Lock company, Rollins Engine company, George W. Davis, Ame'ican Shearer Manufacturing company, Sewig Machines, Hartshorn & Ames, Flather & Co., Watch coIil- party, Co-operative Foundry company, Mark Flather -& Co., William Highton & Sons, Nashua Steam Press and Boiler works, Nashua Sadlery Hardware company, Nashua Textile Machine company, Nashua Iron and Brass Foundry company. Wood workers, 'urniture, Door, Sash and Blind, Bobbin w:orks, Gregg & Son, saw mills, Nashua Till company, American Fan company, Proctor Brothers, George O. Saunders, saw mill and box factory, White Mountain Freezer company, Porter Blknchard Sons COnlpany, Roby & Swart, I'ifield Box shop, Nashua Building company, Carpenters and Builders. Shoes, Moody, Estabrook & Anderson, Brackett & Co., Nashua Boot and Shoe Shop. Card and Paper, Naslua Card and Glazed Paper/company. Miscellaneous, Luther A. Roby, A. H. Dunlap & Sons, daguereotypes and photographs, confectionery, bakers, mill, elevator and drain- pipes, Francestown Soapstone works, paper box manufactory, Hall's Hair Renewer, The Ledge, mittens, gloves, etc., Climax heater, brass foundry, electric powr, ice, roofing and concrete walks, florists, minor enterprises, roofing, cigars, dams, harness and carriage nraking, plumbing, tools for manufacturing, Nashua inventions, manufacturing establishnlents. Trades, stores, steelyards and hay market, dry goods, grocers, butchers, book- stores', tailors, ready made clothing, boi)ts and shoes, coal, hardware and builders' supplies, apothecaries, jew- elers, feed, flour and grain. 434

*The of attorneys whose portraits and biographies appear elsewhere in this book do not appear in this chapter; CONT.E.NUS. Ix RAILROADS.

Introduction. Boston & Lowell railroad. Nashua & Lowell railroad. Union of the two corporations. 1868, I2OO shares ne-w stock issued. COncord railroad. Lease of Manchester & Lawrence by Concord railroad. The Wilton railroad. Worcester, Nashua & Rochester railroad. The Nashua, Acton & Boston railroad. The Peterborough railroad The Nashua Street Railway company. 479 NEWSPAPERS.

Introduction. First newspaper in Nashua; its many changes in name and management. Forty-three years under the Whittemores. The Gazette Press company. The Nashua Herald. The. New Hampstiire Telegraph under the Beards. The first daily newspaper in Nashua, published by Moore & Langley. The Telegraph Publishing company. "PubIic career of Often C. Moore. The Harrison Eagle. The-Oasis. The Nashua Fre Democrat. The Granite State Register. First morning newspaper in Nashua published by the Telegraph Publishing company. The New Hamps.hire Republican. Its history until its absorption by the Telegraph Publishing company. Conclusion. Necrology. 494 FINANCE' AND BANKING.

Choice of location of Dunstable. Its favorable position for extended traffic. Large amoun of property per capita. Employment of capital. Cotton factory. Building of railways. Other industries. Business mainly prosPer- ous. Nashua, Acton & Boston railway. Necessity of banks and bankers. First bank in New Hampshire, 1797, First bank in Hillsborough at Amherst, Its failure. No bank from 18o9 to 1825, The Farmers' bank. First bank at Dunstable in 1835. Financial depression of I837. Crisis of 1857. Depression of 873. Panic of 1893. Cause. Result. Western investment companies. Nashua looses $2,500,000. Banking institutions. The Nashua bank. Indian Head National bank. The Pennichuck bank. First Nationalbank. The Second National bank. Savings banks. Nashua Savings bank. The City Guaranty Savings bank. Mechanics' Savings bank. New Hampshire Banking company. Nashua Trust company. 510 THE MILITIA OF NASHUA.

Introduction. Early militia laws. The old Fifth regiment. Ohl time musters. The old artillery company. Its march to Boston June 15, r842. The Eighth company, Fifth regiment. The la'irst company Fifth regiment. The Nashua Grenadiers. Reception of President Andrew Jackson. The First Rifle company. The Nashua Guards. Lafayette Light Infantry. Third company, light infan,try. Columbian Grays. Washington Light Guards. The Union artillery. The Granite State Lancers. Granite State Cadets. Muster of the state militia at Nashuh Oct. II, 86o. The Governor's Horse Guards. George Stark. The Nashua Light Guards. Nashua City Guards. Muster: of Second regiment at Nashua 1866. Trip,of City Guards to Yorktown. Foster Rifles. Company C, Second regiment, N. H. N.G. Tolles Light Infatatry. The NasJlua armory. 522 cIVIL HISTORY OF NASHUA.

Introduction. First settlement. Origin of board of selectmen. The first charter. Dunstable, Mass. Finishing Out a settlement. Trials in peace and war. Quarrels over the purchase of a parsonage farm and building a meeting- house. Notes from records. The common and undivided lands. Dunstable, N.H. Boundary lines. Why called "Old" Dunstable. A grievance because of date of charter. Bitter controversy over a minister. A quarrel, involving the people of Hollis and "One Pine Hill, '' over the location of a meeting-house. How poor people were summarily dealt with, Dispute over Runnell's Falls bridge. Excerpts from records. The vote for first president and general statistics. Indian Head village. Nashua village. Post office established and other signsof growth. Old South meeting house built and dedication. Town affairs. A notable celebration. Townships of Nashua and Nashville. The cause of the division, an accbunt of the quarrel, history of both towns and incidental topics. Nashua and Nashville reunited under a city charter. A complete outline of the work of each administration, showing the transformation of all unpretentious village into a modern metropolis. Police court. Police and fire departments., Public library. Conclusion. 567 SOCIETIES AND CLUBS.

The club, its influence upon the cmnmunity. The pioneer organization, Rising Sun lodge, the oldest masonic body in Nashua. Ancient York lodge. Meridian Sun Royal Arch chapter. Israel Hunt council. St. George commandery, Knights Templar. Scottish Rite masonry. MaSonic Temp]e. Odd Fellowship. Granite lodge. Pennichuck lodge. Olive Brandh lodge, Daughters of Rebekah. Nashoonon encalnpment. Indian Head encanpment. Patriarchs Militant. Odd Fellows' b:.,uilding. Knights of Pythias. John G. Foster post number x CONTENTS.

7, G. A. R: S01dli:e:s;. Monument, Women's Relief corps. Nashua Protestant Home for Aged Women. Good Tetnptars. ,Patr0ns of i-iusbandry,- Golden Cross, Merrimack River commandry and Nashua commandery. P-ilgrimFaths,- Knights of Honor. Knights and Ladies Of Honor. Good Cheer society. The Nashaway Woman"s eltib: Tiie Guards club. The Fortnightly club. The Shakespeare club. The Hathaway club. King's DaUghtei. Day Nursery. NaSlua Boat club. Improved Order of Red Men. Ancient. Order of Hiber- niansi. _Cir61 onthalm.;. Les Montagnafds club. The ]Entre Nous club. Order of United Am-echanics. Nashua. Veteran Firemen's association. The Ballou association. The Knights of Columbus. Sons of Veterans. Daughters of, Veterans. The Union Veteran's union. 612 L1ST O.F PORTRAITS. xx LIST OF .PORTRAITS.

Abbot, Daniel 395 Gage, Charles Pickney I67 Atherton, Charles Gordon 396 Green, George Warren 17o Allen, Bradford .22I Goodrich, Hiram M. 171 Anthoine, Isaiah G. 225 Graves, Josiah M. 209 Atherton, H. B. 4oi Gray, George 212 Adams, James M. 489 Greeley, James B. Beard, Albin 546 Garland, Jeremiah C. I.6 Bowers, Jesse 82 Greeley, George P. Beasom, William Dutton 91 Goodale, John H. 247 Barr, Matthew III Greenleaf, Richard O. 312 Black, James S. 14 Greenleaf, W'illiam H. Blunt, John Gray I45 Gillis, Thomas W. 545 Bullard, Solomon R. I46 Gilman, Virgil C. 550 Bullard, John I72 Hunt, John M. lO6 Bowers, George 227 Hill, C. B. IiO Bowers, Horace A. 227 Hammond, Evan B. 21o Bowers, George A. z228 HammOnd, Charles B. 21'8 Barr, John N. 252 Hunt, James H. 312 Bowers, Col. George 263 Hamblett, Charles J. 41o Badger, George W. 268 Holman, Charles Bailey, William W. 40o Hall, Williams 563 Brown, Webster C. 43I Hoyt, Katharine E. 226 Brown, ]Elbridge P. 5o7 Howard, Joseph W. 565 Bussell, Charles Sargent 487 Jackson, George F. 41I Barry, Patrick 5I 7 Kimball, John Gardner 147 Burke, Charles H. 562 Kellogg, Henry Martin 168 Beasom, William H. 563 Kittredge, Frank E. Chase, Thomas 89 King, Dana W. 31o Courser, Harvey F. o8 King, Aaron, 475 Colburn, Eliiati 208 Lund, John C. 84 Colburn, Edwin C. -I3 Laton, Thomas J. 86 Crosby, David 246 Lessard, Rev: Henri A. 142 Crowell, Fred J. 229 Locke, Luther F. 226 Copp, Elbridge J. 265 Labree, Edward Cutter, E. S. 407 Moore, Benjamin P. 85 Cutter, Henry Arthur 409 Morgan, Sumner 144 Cross, John 428 Moore, Norman J. M. 211 Clough, William O. 49I Mcuesten, Eugene F. Chandler, Seth D. 553 Marsh, John F. 264 Dunlap, Archibald H. I4o McDonald, James G. 266 Dearborn, Ebenezer 207 _Moore, Orren Cheney 484 Dearborn, George V. N. 228 Murray, Orlando Dana 493 Dearborn, Cornelius V. 249 Minard, Lotie Irenus 519 Dane, William P, 253 Morrill, Hiram T. 547 Danforth, Charles Pinkney 487 Noyes, Leonard W. 87 DeWolfe, Albert E. 488 Nutt, Charles H. 113 Davis, Stillman S. 516 Noyes, Frank G. 269 Dearborn, John E.alon 52r Norwell, Henry S. 520 Estey, Jesse 82 Norton, Alfred M. 558 Eakon, AlVin S. 3I3 O'Donnell, John 143 Eaton, James Bradford 476 Otis, Paul 172 Fassett, James. H. 54 Otis, Beniamin B. 517 Foster, John G. 262 Osborn, George O. 519 Flinn, Albert N. 267 Otterson, Jotham D. 55t Fassett, James Boutelle 406 Pearson, Ambrose 83 French, George B. 408 Pearson, Thomas Jr. lO7 Fletcher, Josiah M. 427 Perham, George W. 168 Fowler, George Winthrop 490 Petit, A Wilfred Fletcher, Benjamin Jr. 557 Parker, Edward E, 404 Godfrez, Alfred 92 Parker, Joseph B. 41o xx LIST OF POR TRAITS.

PAGE. Phelps, George 430 Shattuck, Joseph 518 Poff, Charles A. 49 Spalding, Edward 548 Proctor, Ira H. 520 Sargent, Dana 552 Proctor, Nathaniel H. 520 Spalding, John A. 559 Reed, John 88 Sands, Thomas 564 Reed, Elbridge Gerry IX2 Tolles, Horace Clark o7 Rounsevel, Charles S. 220 Thayer, Andrew Eliot Ramsdell, George A. 403 Tuck, Samuel 250 Roby, Luther A. 426 Tolles, Willard C. 429 Runnells, Daniel F. 430 Tolles, James H. 56I Rogers, Freeman S. 545 Underhill, George W. I69 Spalding, Isaac 9o White, James o9 Shea, Augustus W. 223 Wilson, Allen 46 Shattuck, Gilman C. 250 Wellman, Samuel K. I73 Saunders, Albert H. 25x Wallace, Alonzo S. 222 Steele, James 267 Williams, Seth W. 229 Stevens, Charles W. 314 Whithed, Solon S. 253 Sawyer, Aaron W. 397 Warren, John Q. A. 3 Sawyer, George Y. 399 Woods, Benjamin S. 34 Stevens, David 428 XVadsworth, David 315 Sawyer, Reuben M. 431 Wheeler, Elbert 316 Smith, Roswell T. 433 Wason, Edward Hill 406 Spalding, Edward H. 476 Wood, Egbert O. 432 Stark, George 477 White, Jeremiah W. 505 Spalding, Solomon 506 Williams, Charles A. 518 Spalding, William E. 5o Whitney, George H. 553 Sargent, Fayette S 508 Williams, Charles 555 Spalding, Charles W. 509