Top 5 Least Wanted Malware

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Top 5 Least Wanted Malware Halloween Edition WHAT IS MALWARE? Malware is an abbreviated term meaning “malicious software.” This is software that is specically designed to gain access or damage a computer without the knowledge of the owner. TOP 5 LEAST WANTED MALWARE Ransomware Botnet POS Malware RAT Browser-based 5 5 Malware 5 5 5 $ $ $ 4 $ (malware that restricts access 4 ur computer while to yo y a ransom demanding you pa 4 (also known as a zombie army) to get access back) 4 (a malicious software expressly 4 written to steal customer payment data) (Remote Access Trojan) (also known as “Man in the browser”) 2 4 1 3 5 Remote Access Trojan or RAT A malware program that includes a 1 back door for administrative control over the target computer. RATs are usually downloaded invisibly with a user-requested program – such as a game – or sent as an email attachment. Botnet (also known as a zombie army) is a number of Internet computers that, although their owners are unaware of it, have been set up to forward transmissions (including spam or viruses) to other computers on the Internet. Browser-based malware (also known as “Man in the browser”) is a security attack where the perpetrator 3 installs a trojan horse on a victim's computer that's capable of modifying that user's web transactions as they occur in real time. Ransomware A form of computer malware that restricts access to your 4 computer or its information, while demanding you pay a ransom to get access back. $ POS malware $ $ A malicious software $ expressly written to steal customer payment data – especially credit card data – from retail checkout. HOW TO STOP MALWARE IN ITS TRACKS 1 Awareness Backup Basic Backup Tips: Offline • Simplify Backups - Create global share for important stu - Create a data partition Provide - Use OS “Documents” directory • Keep oine backups Peace of • Encrypt backups Mind • Automate Backups 3 Defense in Depth Ransomware Requires Defense in Depth Advanced threats, by denition, leverage multiple vectors of attack. No single defense will protect you completely from computer attacks. FFi rierew waa m llll ste Sy n Int tio ru en si ev on Pr The more layers of An ti Vir security you have, the us greater chance an An additional protection tiS pa might catch an m Re advanced threat that pu s ta ce other layers might miss. tio rvi AP n Se T P ro te ct ion FOR A FREE TRIAL, VISIT WATCHGUARD.COM/EVAL.
Recommended publications
  • Post-Mortem of a Zombie: Conficker Cleanup After Six Years Hadi Asghari, Michael Ciere, and Michel J.G
    Post-Mortem of a Zombie: Conficker Cleanup After Six Years Hadi Asghari, Michael Ciere, and Michel J.G. van Eeten, Delft University of Technology https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity15/technical-sessions/presentation/asghari This paper is included in the Proceedings of the 24th USENIX Security Symposium August 12–14, 2015 • Washington, D.C. ISBN 978-1-939133-11-3 Open access to the Proceedings of the 24th USENIX Security Symposium is sponsored by USENIX Post-Mortem of a Zombie: Conficker Cleanup After Six Years Hadi Asghari, Michael Ciere and Michel J.G. van Eeten Delft University of Technology Abstract more sophisticated C&C mechanisms that are increas- ingly resilient against takeover attempts [30]. Research on botnet mitigation has focused predomi- In pale contrast to this wealth of work stands the lim- nantly on methods to technically disrupt the command- ited research into the other side of botnet mitigation: and-control infrastructure. Much less is known about the cleanup of the infected machines of end users. Af- effectiveness of large-scale efforts to clean up infected ter a botnet is successfully sinkholed, the bots or zom- machines. We analyze longitudinal data from the sink- bies basically remain waiting for the attackers to find hole of Conficker, one the largest botnets ever seen, to as- a way to reconnect to them, update their binaries and sess the impact of what has been emerging as a best prac- move the machines out of the sinkhole. This happens tice: national anti-botnet initiatives that support large- with some regularity. The recent sinkholing attempt of scale cleanup of end user machines.
    [Show full text]
  • The Botnet Chronicles a Journey to Infamy
    The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy Trend Micro, Incorporated Rik Ferguson Senior Security Advisor A Trend Micro White Paper I November 2010 The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy CONTENTS A Prelude to Evolution ....................................................................................................................4 The Botnet Saga Begins .................................................................................................................5 The Birth of Organized Crime .........................................................................................................7 The Security War Rages On ........................................................................................................... 8 Lost in the White Noise................................................................................................................. 10 Where Do We Go from Here? .......................................................................................................... 11 References ...................................................................................................................................... 12 2 WHITE PAPER I THE BOTNET CHRONICLES: A JOURNEY TO INFAMY The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy The botnet time line below shows a rundown of the botnets discussed in this white paper. Clicking each botnet’s name in blue will bring you to the page where it is described in more detail. To go back to the time line below from each page, click the ~ at the end of the section. 3 WHITE
    [Show full text]
  • Address Munging: the Practice of Disguising, Or Munging, an E-Mail Address to Prevent It Being Automatically Collected and Used
    Address Munging: the practice of disguising, or munging, an e-mail address to prevent it being automatically collected and used as a target for people and organizations that send unsolicited bulk e-mail address. Adware: or advertising-supported software is any software package which automatically plays, displays, or downloads advertising material to a computer after the software is installed on it or while the application is being used. Some types of adware are also spyware and can be classified as privacy-invasive software. Adware is software designed to force pre-chosen ads to display on your system. Some adware is designed to be malicious and will pop up ads with such speed and frequency that they seem to be taking over everything, slowing down your system and tying up all of your system resources. When adware is coupled with spyware, it can be a frustrating ride, to say the least. Backdoor: in a computer system (or cryptosystem or algorithm) is a method of bypassing normal authentication, securing remote access to a computer, obtaining access to plaintext, and so on, while attempting to remain undetected. The backdoor may take the form of an installed program (e.g., Back Orifice), or could be a modification to an existing program or hardware device. A back door is a point of entry that circumvents normal security and can be used by a cracker to access a network or computer system. Usually back doors are created by system developers as shortcuts to speed access through security during the development stage and then are overlooked and never properly removed during final implementation.
    [Show full text]
  • Generation of an Iot Botnet Dataset in a Medium-Sized Iot Network
    MedBIoT: Generation of an IoT Botnet Dataset in a Medium-sized IoT Network Alejandro Guerra-Manzanares a, Jorge Medina-Galindo, Hayretdin Bahsi b and Sven Nomm˜ c Department of Software Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia falejandro.guerra, hayretdin.bahsi, [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: Botnet, Internet of Things, Dataset, Intrusion Detection, Anomaly Detection, IoT. Abstract: The exponential growth of the Internet of Things in conjunction with the traditional lack of security mecha- nisms and resource constraints associated with these devices have posed new risks and challenges to security in networks. IoT devices are compromised and used as amplification platforms by cyber-attackers, such as DDoS attacks. Machine learning-based intrusion detection systems aim to overcome network security lim- itations relying heavily on data quantity and quality. In the case of IoT networks these data are scarce and limited to small-sized networks. This research addresses this issue by providing a labelled behavioral IoT data set, which includes normal and actual botnet malicious network traffic, in a medium-sized IoT network infrastructure (83 IoT devices). Three prominent botnet malware are deployed and data from botnet infec- tion, propagation and communication with C&C stages are collected (Mirai, BashLite and Torii). Binary and multi-class machine learning classification models are run on the acquired data demonstrating the suitability and reliability of the generated data set for machine learning-based botnet detection IDS testing, design and deployment. The generated IoT behavioral data set is released publicly available as MedBIoT data set∗. 1 INTRODUCTION lam, 2017; Bosche et al., 2018; Pratt, 2019).
    [Show full text]
  • Iptrust Botnet / Malware Dictionary This List Shows the Most Common Botnet and Malware Variants Tracked by Iptrust
    ipTrust Botnet / Malware Dictionary This list shows the most common botnet and malware variants tracked by ipTrust. This is not intended to be an exhaustive list, since new threat intelligence is always being added into our global Reputation Engine. NAME DESCRIPTION Conficker A/B Conficker A/B is a downloader worm that is used to propagate additional malware. The original malware it was after was rogue AV - but the army's current focus is undefined. At this point it has no other purpose but to spread. Propagation methods include a Microsoft server service vulnerability (MS08-067) - weakly protected network shares - and removable devices like USB keys. Once on a machine, it will attach itself to current processes such as explorer.exe and search for other vulnerable machines across the network. Using a list of passwords and actively searching for legitimate usernames - the ... Mariposa Mariposa was first observed in May 2009 as an emerging botnet. Since then it has infected an ever- growing number of systems; currently, in the millions. Mariposa works by installing itself in a hidden location on the compromised system and injecting code into the critical process ͞ĞdžƉůŽƌĞƌ͘ĞdžĞ͘͟/ƚŝƐknown to affect all modern Windows versions, editing the registry to allow it to automatically start upon login. Additionally, there is a guard that prevents deletion while running, and it automatically restarts upon crash/restart of explorer.exe. In essence, Mariposa opens a backdoor on the compromised computer, which grants full shell access to ... Unknown A botnet is designated 'unknown' when it is first being tracked, or before it is given a publicly- known common name.
    [Show full text]
  • Common Threats to Cyber Security Part 1 of 2
    Common Threats to Cyber Security Part 1 of 2 Table of Contents Malware .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Viruses ............................................................................................................................................. 3 Worms ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Downloaders ................................................................................................................................... 6 Attack Scripts .................................................................................................................................. 8 Botnet ........................................................................................................................................... 10 IRCBotnet Example ....................................................................................................................... 12 Trojans (Backdoor) ........................................................................................................................ 14 Denial of Service ........................................................................................................................... 18 Rootkits ......................................................................................................................................... 20 Notices .........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Building an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to Neutralize Botnet Attacks
    International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research Volume 4– Issue 2, 103 - 107, 2015, ISSN:- 2319–8656 Malware Hunter: Building an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to Neutralize Botnet Attacks R. Kannan A.V.Ramani Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science College of Arts and Science Coimbatore ,Tamilnadu,India. Coimbatore ,Tamilnadu,India Abstract: Among the various forms of malware attacks such as Denial of service, Sniffer, Buffer overflows are the most dreaded threats to computer networks. These attacks are known as botnet attacks and self-propagating in nature and act as an agent or user interface to control the computers which they attack. In the process of controlling a malware, Bot header(s) use a program to control remote systems through internet with the help of zombie systems. Botnets are collection of compromised computers (Bots) which are remotely controlled by its originator (Bot-Master) under a common Command-and-Control (C&C) structure. A server commands to the bot and botnet and receives the reports from the bot. The bots use Trojan horses and subsequently communicate with a central server using IRC. Botnet employs different techniques like Honeypot, communication protocols (e.g. HTTP and DNS) to intrude in new systems in different stages of their lifecycle. Therefore, identifying the botnets has become very challenging; because the botnets are upgrading their methods periodically for affecting the networks. Here, the focus on addressing the botnet detection problem in an Enterprise Network This research introduces novel Solution to mitigate the malicious activities of Botnet attacks through the Principle of component analysis of each traffic data, measurement and countermeasure selection mechanism called Malware Hunter.
    [Show full text]
  • Trojans and Malware on the Internet an Update
    Attitude Adjustment: Trojans and Malware on the Internet An Update Sarah Gordon and David Chess IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights, NY Abstract This paper continues our examination of Trojan horses on the Internet; their prevalence, technical structure and impact. It explores the type and scope of threats encountered on the Internet - throughout history until today. It examines user attitudes and considers ways in which those attitudes can actively affect your organization’s vulnerability to Trojanizations of various types. It discusses the status of hostile active content on the Internet, including threats from Java and ActiveX, and re-examines the impact of these types of threats to Internet users in the real world. Observations related to the role of the antivirus industry in solving the problem are considered. Throughout the paper, technical and policy based strategies for minimizing the risk of damage from various types of Trojan horses on the Internet are presented This paper represents an update and summary of our research from Where There's Smoke There's Mirrors: The Truth About Trojan Horses on the Internet, presented at the Eighth International Virus Bulletin Conference in Munich Germany, October 1998, and Attitude Adjustment: Trojans and Malware on the Internet, presented at the European Institute for Computer Antivirus Research in Aalborg, Denmark, March 1999. Significant portions of those works are included here in original form. Descriptors: fidonet, internet, password stealing trojan, trojanized system, trojanized application, user behavior, java, activex, security policy, trojan horse, computer virus Attitude Adjustment: Trojans and Malware on the Internet Trojans On the Internet… Ever since the city of Troy was sacked by way of the apparently innocuous but ultimately deadly Trojan horse, the term has been used to talk about something that appears to be beneficial, but which hides an attack within.
    [Show full text]
  • Malware Types
    What is Malware? As a catch-all term, these are the the top 10 and how they work. TROJANS 10 It takes its name from the ancient trojan horse and tries to blend in with other applications to open up a backdoor. This allows access to a host of undetectable malicious software. 9 WORMS There are several types of malicious computer worms. They propagate themselves to carry a payload of malware, such as a viruses, that can spread to other programs or systems. PHISHING 8 These are emails that are essentially con jobs in that someone has to convince you they are credible and can be trusted. They try to trick you in to a reply or to click on a link or an attachment used for identity or financial theft or fraud. 7 KEYLOGGERS This is an insidious form of spyware. As you enter sensitive data onto your keyboard the, keylogging software is hard at work logging everything that you type, including usernames and passwords. BACKDOORS 6 Backdoors are where unauthorized users are able to bypass normal security measures and gain high level user access on a computer system, network or software application to "HEART, SMARTS, GUTS, AND LUCK" Read more at stBeY aAlN TpHeONrYs,o RnICaHlA RaDn, AdN Df TinSUaNn-YcAiNal data, instarlelallygreatsite.com. additional malware and hijack devices. 5 EXPLOITS An exploit is a piece of code or a program that takes advantage of any application or system vulnerabilities in an attempt to attempt to install and execute malware. ADVANCED PERSISTENT THREAT (A4PT) As the name suggests, this malware uses continuous, clandestine and sophisticated hacking techniques to sneak its way into a system and remain for a prolong time to monitor it and persistently steal data.
    [Show full text]
  • Advanced Persistent Threats (Apt): an Awareness Review
    Journal of Economics and Economic Education Research Volume 21, Issue 6, 2020 ADVANCED PERSISTENT THREATS (APT): AN AWARENESS REVIEW Hussin J. Hejase, Senior Researcher, Beirut, Lebanon Hasan F. Fayyad-Kazan, Al Maaref University, Management Information Technology, Beirut, Lebanon, Imad Moukadem, Al Maaref University, Compuetr Science, Beirut, Lebanon ABSTRACT COVID-19 pandemic has become a major threat to all institutions, irrespective of its economic role, private and public, by threatening all the functions capitalizing on the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) infrastructure, networks, systems and Internet-based solutions including Internet of Things and Cloud computing. The field is open to advanced persistent threats (APTs) whereby the outcomes may become very costly to all institutions and governments across the globe. This paper aims to shed light on the premises of APT in order to provide awareness to what it is, understanding its functions and how to mitigate its impact on institutions of all sizes. The approach is based on descriptive analysis based on secondary data reported in books, journals, websites and blogs. The outcomes are presented as an eye opener to the current status-quo of systems and networks and how to remedy the aforementioned threats. Keywords: Advanced Persistent Threat, APT, ICT, Life Cycle, Mitigation, Cyberattacks. INTRODUCTION An advanced persistent threat (APT) is a prolonged and targeted cyberattack in which an unauthorized person (an intruder) gains access to a network and stays there undetected for a long period of time (Rouse, 2020; Gonzalez, 2014). According to Jeun, et al. (2012), APT is an invention by a community involved in cyber-espionage to steal information for monetary gains.
    [Show full text]
  • Malware to Crimeware
    I have surveyed over a decade of advances in delivery of malware. Over this daVid dittRich period, attackers have shifted to using complex, multi-phase attacks based on malware to crimeware: subtle social engineering tactics, advanced how far have they cryptographic techniques to defeat takeover gone, and how do and analysis, and highly targeted attacks we catch up? that are intended to fly below the radar of current technical defenses. I will show how Dave Dittrich is an affiliate information malicious technology combined with social security researcher in the University of manipulation is used against us and con- Washington’s Applied Physics Laboratory. He focuses on advanced malware threats and clude that this understanding might even the ethical and legal framework for respond- ing to computer network attacks. help us design our own combination of [email protected] technical and social mechanisms to better protect us. And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free. The late 1990s saw the advent of distributed and John 8:32 coordinated computer network attack tools, which were primarily used for the electronic equivalent of fist fighting in the streets. It only took a few years for criminal activity—extortion, click fraud, denial of service for competitive advantage—to appear, followed by mass theft of personal and financial data through quieter, yet still widespread and auto- mated, keystroke logging. Despite what law-abid- ing citizens would desire, crime does pay, and pay well. Today, the financial gain from criminal enter- prise allows investment of large sums of money in developing tools and operational capabilities that are increasingly sophisticated and highly targeted.
    [Show full text]
  • Detection and Blocking of Distributed Denial of Service Attack
    DDoS-blocker: Detection and Blocking of Distributed Denial of Service Attack Sugih Jamin EECS Department University of Michigan [email protected] Internet Design Goals Key design goals of Internet protocols: ¯ resiliency ¯ availability ¯ scalability Security has not been a priority until recently. Sugih Jamin ([email protected]) Security Attacks Two types of security attacks: 1. Against information content: secrecy, integrity, authentication, authorization, privacy, anonymity 2. Against the infrastructure: system intrusion, denial of service Sugih Jamin ([email protected]) Counter Measures Fundamental tools: ¯ Content attack: cryptography ¯ Intrusion detection: border checkpoints (firewall systems) to monitor traffic for known attack patterns ¯ Denial of service: no effective counter measure Sugih Jamin ([email protected]) Denial of Service (DoS) Attack An attacker inundates its victim with otherwise legitimate service requests or traffic such that victim’s resources are overloaded and overwhelmed to the point that the victim can perform no useful work. Sugih Jamin ([email protected]) Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attack A newly emerging, particularly virulent strain of DoS attack enabled by the wide deployment of the Internet. Attacker commandeers systems (zombies) distributed across the Internet to send correlated service requests or traffic to the victim to overload the victim. Sugih Jamin ([email protected]) DDoS Example February 7th and 8th, 2000: several large web sites such as Yahoo!, Amazon, Buy.com, eBay, CNN.com, etc. were taken offline for several hours, costing the victims several millions of dollars. Sugih Jamin ([email protected]) Mechanism of DDoS [Bellovin 2000] Attacker Zombie Zombie Victim Zombie Zombie Internet Zombie Zombie Zombie coordinator Sugih Jamin ([email protected]) TheMakingofaZombie Zombies, the commandeered systems, are usually taken over by exploiting program bugs or backdoors left by the programmers.
    [Show full text]