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Devotional Portraiture and Spiritual Experience in Early Netherlandish Painting Catalogue Ingrid Falque - 9789004409736 Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:59:35PM via free access Brill’s Studies in Intellectual History General Editor Han van Ruler (Erasmus University Rotterdam) Founded by Arjo Vanderjagt Editorial Board C.S. Celenza (Georgetown University, Washington DC) – M. Colish (Yale University, New Haven) – J.I. Israel (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton) – A. Koba (University of Tokyo) – M. Mugnai (Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa) – W. Otten (University of Chicago) VOLUME 299 Brill’s Studies on Art, Art History, and Intellectual History General Editor Walter S. Melion (Emory University) VOLUME 38 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/bsai Ingrid Falque - 9789004409736 Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:59:35PM via free access Devotional Portraiture and Spiritual Experience in Early Netherlandish Painting Catalogue By Ingrid Falque LEIDEN | BOSTON Ingrid Falque - 9789004409736 Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:59:35PM via free access This work has been made possible by the kind support of the following institutions: Institut des civilisations, arts et lettres (INCAL) at the UCLouvain F.R.S.-FNRS HNA (Historians of Netherlandish Art) Fondation pour la Protection du Patrimoine Culturel, Historique et Artisanal (Lausanne). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Falque, Ingrid, author. Title: Devotional portraiture and spiritual experience in early Netherlandish painting Catalogue / by Ingrid Falque. Other titles: Portraits de dévots, pratiques religieuses et expérience spirituelle dans la peinture des anciens Pays-Bas (1400–1550). English Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2019. | Series: Brill’s studies in intellectual history, ISSN 0920-8607 ; Volume 299 | Series: Brill’s studies on art, art history, and intellectual history ; Volume 38 | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019005705 (print) | LCCN 2019009614 (ebook) | ISBN 9789004409736 (e-book catalogue) | ISBN 9789004409729 (hardback catalogue : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Portrait painting, Netherlandish. | Devotion in art. | Christian art and symbolism—Benelux countries—Medieval, 500–1500. | Christian art and symbolism—Benelux countries—Renaissance, 1450–1600. Classification: LCC ND1319 (ebook) | LCC ND1319 .F35 2019 (print) | DDC 757.09492—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019005705 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 0920-8607 isbn 978-90-04-36975-7 (text hardback) isbn 978-90-04-39760-6 (text e-book) ISBN 978-90-04-40972-9 (catalogue hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-40973-6 (catalogue e-book) ISBN 978-90-04-40974-3 (set) Copyright 2019 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi, Brill Sense, Hotei Publishing, mentis Verlag, Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh and Wilhelm Fink Verlag. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner Ingrid Falque - 9789004409736 Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:59:35PM via free access Devotional Portraiture and Spiritual Experience in Early Netherlandish Painting Catalogue ∵ Ingrid Falque - 9789004409736 Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:59:35PM via free access List of Abbreviations KIK-IRPA Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage, Brussels KMSK Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Antwerp MET Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York MRBAB Musées royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, Brussels MSK Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Ghent NG National Gallery, London RKD Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie, The Hague RMN Réunion des Musées Nationaux, France Ingrid Falque - 9789004409736 Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:59:35PM via free access Introduction to the Catalogue The present catalogue comprises all paintings with devotional portrait(s)— that is persons portrayed in a pious attitude—produced in the Low Countries between 1400 and 1550 that I have been able to record and for which a visual trace has been preserved. The catalogue does not include entries for lost works or for works in which devotional portraits have been erased or over- painted so as to conceal the figure. In order to establish this corpus, I went through reference documentation and databases of specialised research cen- tres. Online and/or in situ databases from the following were consulted: the Centre for the Study of the Flemish Primitives (Brussels), the Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie (RKD, The Hague), the Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage (KIK-IRPA, Brussels) and the Medieval Memoria Online (MeMO, Utrecht). Information was also compiled from museums and sales catalogues and from a wide range of reference works, namely the Corpus and Répertoires published by the Centre for the Study of the Flemish Primitives, the fourteen volumes of Max J. Friedländer’s Das altniederländische Malerei (1924–1937), its second edition, revised and translated into English (1967–1976), and the five volumes of Godefridus Hoogewerff’s De Noord-Nederlandsche Schilderkunst (1936–1947). This catalogue was first conceived as the basis of the research whose results are presented in the accompanying book. It structured my approach to this corpus at the beginning of my investigation. As presented here, the aim of the catalogue is to be used as a tool for further research on devotional portrai- ture in early Netherlandish painting. To date, the existence of such a research tool has been lacking,1 and I submit that this has led to a certain compromis- ing of the precision and even the relevance of some interpretations related to the phenomenon of devotional portraiture. For example, the use of this cata- logue, with its typology and analytical entry fields, could help in determining to what extent a specific work appears as a traditional painting with devotional portrait(s) or, on the contrary, the ways in which it integrates in a very particu- lar way the portrait(s) into the religious composition. 1 The only catalogue of this kind available until then was indeed the one published by HELLER 1976, who listed only 347 works. © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, 2019 | doi:10.1163/9789004409736_002 Ingrid Falque - 9789004409736 Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:59:35PM via free access xvi Introduction to the Catalogue The catalogue comprises 754 entries, arranged alphabetically (by author and then by title, from no. 1 to no. 748 and from Add. 1 to 6).2 Each catalogue entry includes an ‘information sheet’ for the work, mentioning: the attribu- tion of the work, its title, size and current location. Unless otherwise noted, the technique used in the works presented in the catalogue is oil on panel painting. Each entry also contains a selective bibliography (when available), which comprises general references3 and the main and/or most recent pub- lications on the work. When one of these references includes a complete bibliography on the work, this is indicated by the note ‘(with bibl.)’. The bibliographical references are mentioned in an abbreviated form: Name of the author + date. The reader will find the complete references in the ‘Bibliography’ to the catalogue (at the end of this volume). As far as possible, each entry is accompanied by a small reproduction of the work. When it has not been possible to illustrate the entry, a link to the ‘RKD images’ data- base, the ‘Friedländer 3.0’ database of the Centre for the Study of the Flemish Primitives (or an alternative website) containing an illustration of the work, is given below the catalogue number of the work. 1 Presentation of the Typology At the root of my study of the spiritual dimensions of early Netherlandish paintings with devotional portraits presented in the book is my contention that the most essential aspect of this pictorial production is the varied articu- lation between secular and sacred figures and spaces within the composition. Initially, it thus appeared fundamental to classify this corpus according to a typology that took into consideration three major components of the studied works: 1) the location of the portrait(s) within the physical structure of the work (on the outer or inner wings, on the same panel as the main religious scene, on a diptych); 2) the type of religious scene (narrative or hieratic) in front of which the devotees are portrayed; and 3) the presence, or not, of a patron saint accompanying them. In order to facilitate and stimulate further research into the modes of representation of devotional portraits in early 2 The entries Add. 1 to 6 are works that I discovered and included in the study after the final numbering of the catalogue. They are nonetheless taken into consideration in the countings and analyses of the book. 3 See the ‘Reference works’ section in the bibliography. Ingrid Falque - 9789004409736 Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021