A Rapid and Scalable Approach to Planetary Defense Against Asteroid Impactors
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EMC18 Abstracts
EUROPEAN MARS CONVENTION 2018 – 26-28 OCT. 2018, LA CHAUX-DE-FONDS, SWITZERLAND EMC18 Abstracts In alphabetical order Name title of presentation Page n° Théodore Besson: Scorpius Prototype 3 Tomaso Bontognali Morphological biosignatures on Mars: what to expect and how to prepare not to miss them 4 Pierre Brisson: Humans on Mars will have to live according to both Martian & Earth Time 5 Michel Cabane: Curiosity on Mars : What is new about organic molecules? 6 Antonio Del Mastro Industrie 4.0 technology for the building of a future Mars City: possibilities and limits of the application of a terrestrial technology for the human exploration of space 7 Angelo Genovese Advanced Electric Propulsion for Fast Manned Missions to Mars and Beyond 8 Olivia Haider: The AMADEE-18 Mars Simulation OMAN 9 Pierre-André Haldi: The Interplanetary Transport System of SpaceX revisited 10 Richard Heidman: Beyond human, technical and financial feasibility, “mass-production” constraints of a Colony project surge. 11 Jürgen Herholz: European Manned Space Projects 12 Jean-Luc Josset Search for life on Mars, the ExoMars rover mission and the CLUPI instrument 13 Philippe Lognonné and the InSight/SEIS Team: SEIS/INSIGHT: Towards the Seismic Discovering of Mars 14 Roland Loos: From the Earth’s stratosphere to flying on Mars 15 EUROPEAN MARS CONVENTION 2018 – 26-28 OCT. 2018, LA CHAUX-DE-FONDS, SWITZERLAND Gaetano Mileti Current research in Time & Frequency and next generation atomic clocks 16 Claude Nicollier Tethers and possible applications for artificial gravity -
Using a Nuclear Explosive Device for Planetary Defense Against an Incoming Asteroid
Georgetown University Law Center Scholarship @ GEORGETOWN LAW 2019 Exoatmospheric Plowshares: Using a Nuclear Explosive Device for Planetary Defense Against an Incoming Asteroid David A. Koplow Georgetown University Law Center, [email protected] This paper can be downloaded free of charge from: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/2197 https://ssrn.com/abstract=3229382 UCLA Journal of International Law & Foreign Affairs, Spring 2019, Issue 1, 76. This open-access article is brought to you by the Georgetown Law Library. Posted with permission of the author. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub Part of the Air and Space Law Commons, International Law Commons, Law and Philosophy Commons, and the National Security Law Commons EXOATMOSPHERIC PLOWSHARES: USING A NUCLEAR EXPLOSIVE DEVICE FOR PLANETARY DEFENSE AGAINST AN INCOMING ASTEROID DavidA. Koplow* "They shall bear their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks" Isaiah 2:4 ABSTRACT What should be done if we suddenly discover a large asteroid on a collision course with Earth? The consequences of an impact could be enormous-scientists believe thatsuch a strike 60 million years ago led to the extinction of the dinosaurs, and something ofsimilar magnitude could happen again. Although no such extraterrestrialthreat now looms on the horizon, astronomers concede that they cannot detect all the potentially hazardous * Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center. The author gratefully acknowledges the valuable comments from the following experts, colleagues and friends who reviewed prior drafts of this manuscript: Hope M. Babcock, Michael R. Cannon, Pierce Corden, Thomas Graham, Jr., Henry R. Hertzfeld, Edward M. -
View Conducted by Its Standing Review Board (SRB)
Science Committee Report Dr. Wes Huntress, Chair 1 Science Committee Members Wes Huntress, Chair Byron Tapley, (Vice Chair) University of Texas-Austin, Chair of Earth Science Alan Boss, Carnegie Institution, Chair of Astrophysics Ron Greeley, Arizona State University, Chair of Planetary Science Gene Levy, Rice University , Chair of Planetary Protection Roy Torbert, University of New Hampshire, Chair of Heliophysics Jack Burns, University of Colorado Noel Hinners, Independent Consultant *Judith Lean, Naval Research Laboratory Michael Turner, University of Chicago Charlie Kennel, Chair of Space Studies Board (ex officio member) * = resigned July 16, 2010 2 Agenda • Science Results • Programmatic Status • Findings & Recommendations 3 Unusual Thermosphere Collapse • Deep drop in Thermospheric (50 – 400 km) density • Deeper than expected from solar cycle & CO2 4 Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) unlocking the secrets of Noctilucent Clouds (NLCs) Form 50 miles above surface in polar summer vs ~ 6 miles for “norm79al” clouds. NLCs getting brighter; occurring more often. Why? Linked to global change? AIM NLC Image June 27, 2009 - AIM measured the relationship between cloud properties and temperature - Quantified for the first time, the dramatic response to small changes, 10 deg C, in temperature - T sensitivity critical for study of global change effects on mesosphere Response to Gulf Oil Spill UAVSAR 23 June 2010 MODIS 31 May 2010 ASTER 24 May 2010 Visible Visible/IR false color Satellite instruments: continually monitoring the extent of -
Planetary Protection Requirements for Human and Robotic Missions to Mars
Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration (2012) 4331.pdf PLANETARY PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS FOR HUMAN AND ROBOTIC MISSIONS TO MARS. R. Mogul1, P. D. Stabekis2, M. S. Race3, and C. A. Conley4, 1California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, 3801 W. Temple Ave, Pomona, CA 91768 ([email protected]), 2Genex Systems, 525 School St. SW, Suite 201, Washington D.C. 20224 ([email protected]), 3SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, 4NASA Head- quarters, Washington D.C. 20546 ([email protected]) Introduction: Ensuring the scientific integrity of mission. Hardware involved in the acquisition and Mars exploration, and protecting the Earth and the storage of samples from Mars must be designed to human population from potential biohazards, requires protect Mars material from Earth contamination, and the incorporation of planetary protection into human ensure appropriate cleanliness from before launch spaceflight missions as well as robotic precursors. All through return to Earth. Technologies needed to ensure missions returning samples from Mars are required to sample cleanliness at levels similar to those maintained comply with stringent planetary protection require- by the Viking project, in the context of modern space- ments for this purpose, recent refinements to which are craft materials, are yet to be developed. reported here. The objectives of planetary protection policy are As indicated in NASA Policy Directive NPD the same for both human and robotic missions; howev- 8020.7G (section 5c), to ensure compliance with the er, the specific implementation requirements will nec- Outer Space Treaty planetary protection is a mandatory essarily be different. Human missions will require component for all solar system exploration, including additional planetary protection approaches that mini- human missions. -
Modular Spacecraft with Integrated Structural Electrodynamic Propulsion
NAS5-03110-07605-003-050 Modular Spacecraft with Integrated Structural Electrodynamic Propulsion Nestor R. Voronka, Robert P. Hoyt, Jeff Slostad, Brian E. Gilchrist (UMich/EDA), Keith Fuhrhop (UMich) Tethers Unlimited, Inc. 11807 N. Creek Pkwy S., Suite B-102 Bothell, WA 98011 Period of Performance: 1 September 2005 through 30 April 2006 Report Date: 1 May 2006 Phase I Final Report Contract: NAS5-03110 Subaward: 07605-003-050 Prepared for: NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts Universities Space Research Association Atlanta, GA 30308 NAS5-03110-07605-003-050 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................................................................1 TABLE OF FIGURES.................................................................................................................................................2 I. PHASE I SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................4 I.A. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................4 I.B. MOTIVATION .................................................................................................................................................4 I.C. ELECTRODYNAMIC PROPULSION...................................................................................................................5 I.D. INTEGRATED STRUCTURAL -
PLANETARY PROTECTION and REGULATING HUMAN HEALTH: a RISK THAT IS NOT ZERO Victoria Sutton1
(3) FINAL MACRO VERSION - VICTORIA SUTTON ARTICLE (PP. 71-102) (DO NOT DELETE) 3/9/2020 9:40 AM 19 Hous. J. Health L. & Policy 71 Copyright © 2019 Victoria Sutton Houston Journal of Health Law & Policy PLANETARY PROTECTION AND REGULATING HUMAN HEALTH: A RISK THAT IS NOT ZERO Victoria Sutton1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 73 I. LESSONS FROM HUMAN HISTORY ........................................................... 75 II. U.S. LEADERSHIP, INTERNATIONAL LAW, AND GUIDELINES FOR BACK CONTAMINATION—A SHORT HISTORY OF PLANETARY PROTECTION AND BIOCONTAINMENT ................................................... 79 A. International Law and Biocontainment Binding All Nations .......................................................................................... 82 B. Private Space Travel Must Comply with Planetary Protection ...................................................................................... 84 C. Enforceability is a Weakness ......................................................... 85 III. POLICY INDICATIONS THAT A RENEWED FOCUS IS NEEDED FOR BACK CONTAMINATION ........................................................................ 86 A. The Elimination of Human Health and Quarantine from U.S. Planetary Protection Protocols ........................................... 86 1 Victoria Sutton, MPA, PhD, JD, is the Paul Whitfield Horn Professor at Texas Tech University School of Law. Dr. Sutton is the former Assistant Director at the White House Science Office -
9.0 BACKGROUND “What Do I Do First?” You Need to Research a Card (Thruster Or 9.1 DESIGNER’S NOTES Robonaut) with a Low Fuel Consumption
9.2 TIPS FOR INEXPERIENCED ROCKET CADETS 9.0 BACKGROUND “What do I do first?” You need to research a card (thruster or 9.1 DESIGNER’S NOTES robonaut) with a low fuel consumption. A “1” is great, a “4” The original concept for this game was a “Lords of the Sierra Madre” in is marginal. The PRC player*** can consider an dash to space. With mines, ranches, smelters, and rail lines all purchased and claim Hellas Basin on Mars, using just his crew card. He controlled by different players, who have to negotiate between them- needs 19 fuel steps (6 WT) along the red route to do this. selves to expand. But space does not work this way. “What does my rocket need?” Your rocket needs 4 things: Suppose you have a smelter on one main-belt asteroid, powered by a • A card with a thruster triangle (2.4D) to act as a thruster. • A card with an ISRU rating, if its mission is to prospect. beam-station on another asteroid, and you discover platinum on a third • A refinery, if its mission is to build a factory. nearby asteroid. Unfortunately for long-term operations, next year these • Enough fuel to get to the destination. asteroids will be separated by 2 to 6 AUs.* Furthermore, main belt Decide between a small rocket able to make multiple claims, Hohmann transfers are about 2 years long, with optimal transfer opportu- or a big rocket including a refinery and robonaut able to nities about 7 years apart. Jerry Pournelle in his book “A Step Farther industrialize the first successful claim. -
2. Going to Mars
aMARTE A MARS ROADMAP FOR TRAVEL AND EXPLORATION Final Report International Space University Space Studies Program 2016 © International Space University. All Rights Reserved. The 2016 Space Studies Program of the International Space University (ISU) was hosted by the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, Israel. aMARTE has been selected as the name representing the Mars Team Project. This choice was motivated by the dual meaning the term conveys. aMARTE first stands for A Mars Roadmap for Travel and Exploration, the official label the team has adopted for the project. Alternatively, aMARTE can be interpreted from its Spanish roots "amarte," meaning "to love," or can also be viewed as "a Marte," meaning "going to Mars." This play on words represents the mission and spirit of the team, which is to put together a roadmap including various disciplines for a human mission to Mars and demonstrate a profound commitment to Mars exploration. The aMARTE title logo was developed based on sections of the astrological symbols for Earth and Mars. The blue symbol under the team's name represents Earth, and the orange arrow symbol is reminiscent of the characteristic color of Mars. The arrow also serves as an invitation to go beyond the Earth and explore our neighboring planet. Electronic copies of the Final Report and the Executive Summary can be downloaded from the ISU Library website at http://isulibrary.isunet.edu/ International Space University Strasbourg Central Campus Parc d’Innovation 1 rue Jean-Dominique Cassini 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France Tel +33 (0)3 88 65 54 30 Fax +33 (0)3 88 65 54 47 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.isunet.edu I. -
Cave Tools Stoke Debate
News in focus earlystage trial results such as those released emphasis on identifying candidates being and the cave could have provided shelter to this week. But comparisons can be thwarted by developed by companies that are capable any humans who were around to witness the the fickle nature of the tests researchers use of making enough vaccine for much of the blizzards. to measure neutralizingantibody and Tcell world. That could depend on myriad issues, The team makes a good case for ancient responses. The same test can return widely such as sourcing glass vials and maintain human occupation, says François Lanoë, different values when performed in different ing temperature-controlled supply chains. an archaeologist and anthropologist at the laboratories, or even on different days. “That’s like organizing a Moon landing or a University of Arizona in Tucson. But he adds “It’s hard for us to compare our vaccine worldwar invasion,” says Altmann. “Which that data from caves are “notoriously trouble results to other people’s,” said vaccinologist ever candidates we pick, we want them to be some” to interpret. Stone tools might have Adrian Hill, a coleader of the Oxford effort, the ones that can most optimize that.” been shifted into deeper layers by geological in the briefing. “We would really like to see or biological activity — perhaps moved by different vaccines being tested in the same 1. Folegatti, P. M. et al. Lancet https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140- burrowing animals — making them seem older 6736(20)31604-4 (2020). lab by the same people.” 2. -
Small Satellite Legal Issues Paul B
Journal of Air Law and Commerce Volume 82 | Issue 2 Article 3 2017 Small Satellite Legal Issues Paul B. Larsen Georgetown University Law Center, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.smu.edu/jalc Part of the Air and Space Law Commons Recommended Citation Paul B. Larsen, Small Satellite Legal Issues, 82 J. Air L. & Com. 275 (2017) https://scholar.smu.edu/jalc/vol82/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at SMU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Air Law and Commerce by an authorized administrator of SMU Scholar. For more information, please visit http://digitalrepository.smu.edu. SMALL SATELLITE LEGAL ISSUES PAUL B. LARSEN* I. INTRODUCTION.................................. 276 II. USES OF SMALL SATELLITES .................... 280 III. LICENSING OF SMALL SATELLITE OPERATIONS ..................................... 281 IV. RADIOFREQUENCIES AND ORBITS MUST BE LICENSED BY THEIR NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS AND REGULATED BY THE INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ............................................ 283 V. SMALL SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING .......... 287 VI. SMALL SATELLITES MUST BE REGISTERED IN THEIR NATIONAL REGISTRY AND IN THE U.N. REGISTRY ......................................... 289 VII. LIABILITY ISSUES OF SMALL SATELLITES ...... 291 VIII. SPACE DEBRIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ............................................. 294 IX. PUBLIC SAFETY EFFECTS OF SMALL SATELLITES ....................................... 299 X. SMALL SATELLITE NATIONAL SECURITY ISSUES ............................................. 302 XI. CONCLUSION..................................... 306 * The author taught air and space law for more than forty years respectively at Southern Methodist University and Georgetown University. He is co-author of FRANCIS LYALL & PAUL B. LARSEN, SPACE LAW: A TREATISE (2009) and of PAUL B. LARSEN ET AL., AVIATION LAW: CASES AND RELATED SOURCES (2d ed. -
Security in Space the Next Generation UNITED NATIONS UNITED
UNIDIR Security in Space: The Next Generation “Security in Space: The Next Generation” is the seventh annual conference held by the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research on the issues of space security, the peaceful uses of outer space and the prevention of an arms race in outer space. This conference looked at ways to build trust in space activities in the future as well as how THE SIMONS to move from confrontation to cooperation as a way to increase space security and improve FOUNDATION access to outer space for peaceful activities. Participants and presenters discussed the need for new international legal instruments, with specific reference to the Chinese–Russian SECURE WORLD FOUNDATION proposal for a Treaty on the Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space, the Threat or Use of Force against Outer Space Objects. Conference Report 2008 UNITED NATIONS INSTITUTE FOR DISARMAMENT UNIDIR UNIDIRRESEARCH Security in Space The Next Generation UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS Designed and printed by the Publishing Service, United Nations, Geneva GE.08-02341 — November 2008 — 3,000 — UNIDIR/2008/14 United Nations Publication Conference Report Sales No. GV.E.08.0.3 ISBN 978-92-9045-192-1 31 March –1 April 2008 UNIDIR/2008/14 Security in Space: The Next Generation Conference Report 31 March–1 April 2008 UNIDIR United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research Geneva, Switzerland New York and Geneva, 2008 About the cover Cover photograph courtesy of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
2021 Virtual Convention Sponsorship
2021 Virtual Convention Sponsorship Kit www.MarsSociety.org The Mars Society is the world’s largest and most influential space advocacy organization dedicated to the human exploration and settlement of the planet Mars. Established in 1998, the group works to educate the public, the media and the government on the benefits of exploring Mars and creating a permanent human presence on the Red Planet. The Mars Society is a global movement Mars Society Chapters in 40+ countries The Mars Society Annual Convention • Mars Society has held an annual convention every year since 1998. • The 4-day event features a variety of prominent speakers in the fields of government, business, academia, philanthropy and military who present on all aspects of Mars and cutting-edge topics in space exploration, science and technology. 2020 Virtual Convention In 2020, facing the global pandemic, the Mars Society leadership decided to hold our convention online as a virtual event with a minimum of changes to the 4-day format, which enabled us to confirm many prominent speakers who normally would not be able to appear in person due to the travel and time commitment. Elon Musk, CEO SpaceX & Tesla This included Elon Musk and the chief of NASA, as well as every existing Mars mission. Speakers from around the world were able to appear via Zoom and take questions. Attendees were able to network with each other and the speakrs using a variety of virtual tools including conference application Attendify, chat and collaboration tool Slack and virtual networking and adhoc video tool Wonder.me. NASA Administrator James Bridenstine 2020 Virtual Convention Results & Metrics • Record number of attendees.