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Kosnarite, L(Zrr(PO)R, a New Mineral from Mount Mica and Black Mountain, Oxford County, Maine

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Kosnarite, L(Zrr(PO)R, a New Mineral from Mount Mica and Black Mountain, Oxford County, Maine American Mineralogist, Volume 78, pages 653-656, 1993 Kosnarite, l(Zrr(PO)r, a new mineral from Mount Mica and Black Mountain, Oxford County, Maine Mrcnlnr- E. BnowNprnr,o M.S. 972, U.S. GeologicalSurvey, Box 25046,Denver FederalCenter, Denver, Colorado 80225, U.S.A. EucnNB E. Foonn M.S. 905, U.S. GeologicalSurvey, Box 25046,Denver FederalCenter, Denver, Colorado 80225, U.S.A. SrnprrnN J. Surr,nv, Tnrooonn Borrr.cnr-lv M.S. 973, U.S. GeologicalSurvey, Box 25046,Denver FederalCenter, Denver, Colorado 80225, U.S.A. Ansrucr Kosnarite, ideally KZrr(PO)r, has been identified as part of a late-stage,secondary phosphate mineral assemblagefrom the Mount Mica pegmatite at Paris, and from the Black Mountain pegmatite, Rumford, Oxford County, Maine. Kosnarite from Mount Mica occurs as pseudocubicrhombohedral crystals, as much as 0.9 mm in maximum dimension,that displaythe dominant { 102}form. Color rangesfrom pale blue to blue-greento nearly colorless.The mineral has a white streak, is transparent, has a vitreous luster,and is nonfluorescentin ultraviolet light. It has a hardnessof4.5, is brittle with a conchoidal fracture, and has perfect { 102} cleavage.Measured and calculated densitiesare D^3.194(2) and D" 3.206.Optically, this mineral is characterizedas uniaxial (+), with refractiveindices of N.: 1.656(2)and N. :1.682(2) and is nonpleochroic. Twinning was not observed. The mineral is hexagonal(rhombohedral), space group R3c with a : 8.687(2),c : 23.871(l) A,, v : 1560.4(8)fri, 7 :6. The six strongestdiffraction lines [d(A), hkl, I/ I"l from the Mount Mica occurrenceare 6.41,012,50;4.679,104, 50; 4.329, | 10, 100;3.806, I13, 90; 2.928,| 16, 90; 2.502,300,50. Mean analyticalresults are Na,O 1.4,K,O 8.7, RbrO 0.25,FeO 0.2, MnO 1.0,2rO,44.5, HfOr 0.5,P,O,43.3, F 0.20,sum 100.05,less O for F 0.08, total 99.97 wto/o.The empirical formula (based on O + F : 12) is (I!nrNaoorRboor)rror(Zfr'Nao,rMnoorFeoo,HIoo,)rrorProu(O',rrFoor)rrroo.Kosnaritefrom Black Mountain is almost pure KZrr(POo),with only trace amountsof Hf, Mn, Na, and Rb. The mineral is one of threeknown alkali zirconium phosphates;the othersare gaines- ite and the Cs analogueofgainesite. The name is for Richard A. Kosnar of Black Hawk, Colorado. INrnooucrroN group minerals from Maine pegmatites were arralyzed, pegmatite In 1991,Vandall T. King of Rochester,New York, sent quantitatively. One of them, a sample from a a micromount specimenof a rhombohedral,light sky blue exposedin the Black Mountain Quarry on Black Moun- mineral that he thought was possibly a member of the tain near Rumford, Maine, was found to contain kosnar- crandallitegroup to M.E.B. This specimen,and approx- ite of nearly end-membercomposition. The extremely precluded imately 25 others,were collected at the Mount Mica gran- small amount of this latter material has deter- ite pegmatite in 1989 by Gene T. Bearssof Sanford, mination of its unit-cell, optical,and other mineralogical Maine. At about the same time, King sent to E.E.F. a data. micromount specimen of an aggregateof three white, doubly terminated ditetragonal pyramids that he sus- OccunnnNcn pected might be gainesite.The latter specimen was also The mineral occurs at the Mount Mica granitic peg- collected by Bearssfrom the same boulder in the Mount matite, one mile northeast of Paris, Oxford County, Mica quarry. Detailed studies have shown the blue min- Maine. The Mount Mica pegmatite, first discovered in eral to be the first natural occurrenceof KZr, (POo), and 1820(Hamlin, 1895),is well known for its productionof the white mineral to be the Cs analogueof gainesite;thus elbaite. Kosnarite occurs in a boulder approximately I x both are new mineral species. 1.3 x 1.7 m in size,which was mined in 1978-1979. Subsequentto completing the studiesof kosnarite from Gene T. Bearsscollected mineral samplesfrom the boul- Mount Mica, additional samplesof suspectedcrandallite der in the summer of 1989 and later that year hand de- 0003-o04x/93l05064653$02.00 6s3 654 BROWNFIELD ET AL.: KOSNARITE, KZr,(PO), TABLE1 . Electron-microprobeanalyses of kosnaritefrom Mount Mica and Black Mountain,Oxford County, Maine (in wt%) Mount Mica Black Mountain Range Range P,Ou 43.3 43.243.7 42.2 40.744 0 ZrO2 44.5 43.9-45.1 47.9 46.749.4 Hfo, 0.5 0.4-0.6 0.9 0.5-1.4 MnO 1.0 0.7-13 <0.1 FeO 0.2 0.2-0.3 <0.1 KrO 8.7 8.6-8.8 9.25 8.8-9.6 Naro 1.4 1 4-1.7 <0.1 RbrO o25 0.2-0.3 0.2 0.16-0.27 F 0.20 0.2-0.3 0.2 0.20-0.30 TOTAL 100.05 10065 O:F 008 0.08 TOTAL 99.97 10057 /Votej fdeal KZr2(PO4hrequires 9.30 wt% K,O, 42.O4wt"h P,O,, and 48.66 wt% ZrO2. Mean values: Mount Mica (eight analyses) and Black Mountain (11 analyses). Empiricalformulae (on the basis of 12(O + F): Fig. 1. SEM photomicrograph of kosnarite crystals from Mount Mica: (Koe3Nao osRbo 01 ):j o2(Z11s1 Nao r5MnooTFeo o, Hfo 01)>2 osP3 06- Mount Mica, Oxford County, Maine. Scalebar is 100 pm. (O,, n,Fo or).,, ooi Black Mountain : (Ko.nRbo o, )r, oo(Zr,ru Hfo or)rr .. P. oo- (O',.uFoo.)',"o0. livered some specimensof kosnariteto Harvard Univer- sity for identification.At about the sametime, specimens of kosnariteand the Cs analogueof gainesite,which were toria, Australia (Birch, 1992 personalcommunication). suspectedto be phosphateminerals becauseof their as- The mineral occurs as 0.5-mm rhombohedral crystals, sociations,were provided by Bearssto Vandall T. King. close to the end-membercomposition, in a single mia- Groundmass minerals of the boulder are albite, quarlz, rolitic cavity. Gainesiteand severalunknowns also occur almandine spessartine,muscovite, siderite,and apatite. in the samevein. Embeddedin thesegroundmass minerals are blue elbaite, The speciesand name were approvedby the Commis- lepidolite,beryl, montebrasite,rhodochrosite, cassiterite, sion on New Minerals and Mineral Names(CNMMN) of manganocolumbite,uraninite, and lollingite. Within the the IMA. Kosnarite type material has beendeposited with mass of the boulder were small vugs (1-5 mm across) the U.S. National Museum under nos. NMNH 170369 developedin siderite and massive apatite. These vugs and NMNH 110310.The MineralogicalMuseum at Har- containedeuhedral crystals of siderite,eosphorite, fluor- vard University also has samplesof kosnarite,provided apatite, moraesite, quartz, and kosnarite. Pseudocubic by Bearssin 1989. crystalsof kosnariteare as much as 0.9 mm in maximum dimension. Other vugs (2-3 mm across)contained eu- ANALvrrcAL METHoDS AND INSTRUMENTATION hedral crystals of albite, qtrartz, siderite, eosphorite, and Becauseof a scarcity of material, X-ray powder dif- roscherite. fraction data were obtained usinga Gandolfi camera114.6 Another new mineral species,the Cs analogue of mm in diameter. Density was determinedby sink-float gainesite,was found in the vugs associatedwith quartz, methods in a methylene iodide and acetone mixture. siderite,and albite. Both kosnariteand the Cs analogue Chemical composition was determined with an ARL- of gainesiteformed late in the paragenesisas late-stage SEMQ electron microprobe using an Opus microprobe hydrothermal alteration products of earlier formed peg- automation system(Meeker and Quick, 1991) with on- matite minerals. line CITZAF correctionprocedures (Armstrong, 1988) at Kosnarite from Black Mountain, Oxford County, the U.S. GeologicalSurvey in Denver, Colorado. Stan- Maine, also occursin a zoned granitic pegmatiteand is dards used were (Na) Amelia albite, (P) Wilberforce associatedwith quartz, albite, rubellite, and lepidolite. fluorapatite,(K) Itrongay orthoclase,Rb (syntheticRbCl Primary accessoryminerals in the pegmatite include gar- and Rb-bearing pollucite), (Zr) natural zircon and syn- net, manganocolumbite manganotantalite, beryl, cassit- theticZrO,, (Fe)olivine, (Mn) willemite, (H0 zircon,(Cs) erite,and small amountsof apatite,triphylite, zircon,and pollucite,and (F) fluorite. Al, Si, and Ti were looked for pyrite (Brown and Wise, 1991).The mineral assemblages and not detected. Emission spectrographicanalysis was of both pegmatites(Mount Mica and Black Mountain) done using a Jarrell-Ash3.2-m spectrographwith a laser are treated in further detail in King and Foord (1993). energysource. Details of the geologicaland agerelationships are given in King (1993). RBsur.rs A third occurrence of kosnarite has been found in a An initial laser emission spectrographicsemiquantita- granitic pegmatite vein at Wycheproof, in northern Vic- tive analysisof kosnaritefrom Mount Mica showedthe BROWNFIELD ET AL.: KOSNARITE, KZI,(PO), 655 TABLE2. IndexedX-ray powder diffractiondata for kosnarite Trele 3. Comparisonof unit-celldata and densitybetween syn- from Mount Mica, Marne thetic and naturalkosnarite Calculated PDF 25-1206 PDF 35-756 Synthetic pattern synth. synth. Mount Mica PDF 35-7s6 PDF 25-1206 Kosnarite KZt2(POol, KZr,(PO4)3 d^ It. d^ ilt. cl^ ilt" Unit-celldimensions 8.687A 8.710A 8.719A 23.877 A 23.890 A 23.944 A 6.41 6.36 0'12 50 6.393 11 6.378 33 1560.45A3 1569.58A3 1576.42A3 4.679 4.676 104 50 4 695 26 6.682 48 4.329 4.343 110 100 4.363 65 4.355 100 Density 3.194 3.201 3.806 3.813 113 90 3.828 61 3.821 89 3.206 3.214 3.167 3.182 204 40 3.194 37 3.189 39 2.928 2.934 116 90 2.944 100 2.939 98 2.816 2.823 211 5 2.835 I 2.831 I 2.561 2.567 214 5 2.576 I 2.573 7 2 502 2.507 300 50 2.517 33 2.514 30 eral has a white streak, is transparent,and has a vitreous 2.279 2.276 1,0,10 3 2.283 3 luster.
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