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Occupational Health, Safety and HSNO Tools

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Occupational Health, Safety and HSNO Tools INTERPRETIVE GUIDELINES Occupational Health, Safety and HSNO Tools MAY 2015 WORKSAFE NEW ZEALAND // OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, SAFETY AND HSNO TOOLS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Dr. Michael Beasle National Poisons Centre Dr. Peter Cotton Senior Consultant, Medibank Health Solutions, Melbourne, Australia Prof. Philippa Gander Director, Sleep Wake Research Centre, Wellington Dr. Dianne Gardner Senior Lecturer, Psychology. Massey University, Albany. Hugh Norriss Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand Professor Grant Schofield AUT Peter Turner Optometrist Martin Gledhill National Radiation Laboratory Wayne Randall National Radiation Laboratory Dr. John Wallaart ACC Dr. Chris Walls Occupational Physician, Auckland 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 How to use this booklet 4 Title annotations 5 Keeping this booklet up to date 5 01 LEGAL 6 1.1 The Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992 7 1.2 The HSE Regulations 1995 9 1.3 Approved codes of practice 10 1.4 Guidelines 11 1.5 All practicable steps 11 1.6 Employee participation 13 1.7 The right to refuse dangerous work 13 1.8 Health and safety representatives 14 1.9 Public safety 14 1.10 Volunteers 15 1.11 When and how to notify Worksafe NZ 15 1.12 Employers’ records 16 1.13 Legal powers 17 1.14 Certificates of competency 17 1.15 Contractors 17 1.16 The Hazardous Substances and Noxious Organisms Act (HSNO) 1996 18 02 SAFETY TOOLS 19 2.1 Managing health and safety 20 2.2 General safety 24 2.3 Utility safety 44 2.4 Machinery 51 2.5 Plant and equipment 55 2.6 Personal protective equipment 60 2.7 Youth at work 68 2.8 Sector summaries 69 2.9 Serial killers 70 03 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH TOOLS 72 3.1 Occupational health in general 73 3.2 Monitoring 78 3.3 Clean air – respiratory health 87 3.4 Chemical safety 113 3.5 Work related musculoskeletal disorders 117 3.6 Ergonomics 129 3.7 Psychosocial factors 135 3.8 Physical environmental hazards 158 3.9 Occupational Diseases 171 3.10 Skin diseases and skin cancers 176 3.11 Other occupational health publications 178 3.12 Delayed killers, serial killers and cumulative harm 179 04 HSNO TOOLS 182 4.1 Introduction 183 4.2 Legislation 184 4.3 Compliance checklist 186 4.4 The nuts and bolts of the HSNO Act 187 4.5 Resources 197 4.6 A list of common toxic substances used by industry 198 4.7 Key definitions 198 4.8 Special notes 199 05 APPENDICES 201 5.1 References 202 5.2 Glossary 203 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION This booklet: Many of Worksafe NZ’s guidelines and > summarises the HSE Act Codes of Practice are highly detailed and technical. You may need to a specialist to > outlines the scope of a number of Worksafe help understand and apply these details. NZ publications > provides basic information about the topics The booklet does not cover Worksafe NZ’s publications about Forestry, Agriculture > helps to inform decisions about further or Construction. actions that may be required in a workplace for health and safety and This guide applies to the Health and Safety > refers readers to the original source of in Employment Act 1992 and the HSNO Act, the information. 1996. It does not cover the new workplace health and safety act. It will be amended Most of the entries are aides-memoir for to reflect it in due course. a specific Worksafe NZ publication. A few entries cover material that is not referenced to a Worksafe NZ publication. These are included because they address long standing important gaps (eg human error, silos, radiation) or because new responsibilities have been assigned to Worksafe (gas safety, electrical safety). 3 WORKSAFE NEW ZEALAND // OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, SAFETY AND HSNO TOOLS HOW TO USE THIS BOOKLET > Hazardous material and preventing fires or explosions The booklet carries one or two topics on each page. The pages are designed to be printed > Stress or fatigue off – see the page numbers. > Temperature Each topic can be accessed by clicking its 5. GUIDANCE FOR INDIVIDUALS hyperlink on the four contents pages. 6. AN ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ALL References to publications may be accessed PUBLICATIONS by holding down the CTRL key and clicking on the links provided. These links were active 7. LEGAL FRAMEWORK at the time of publication. > Introduction to the Health and Safety More information can be assessed through in Employment Act the Worksafe NZ Publications page at: > Health and Safety in Employment Act www.business.govt.nz/worksafe/information- 1992 (HSE Act) guidance/all-guidance-alphabetical-listing?b_ > Hazardous Substances and New start:int=300 Organisms Act 1996 (HSNO Act) On that page you will find: > WorkSafe New Zealand – Prosecution 1. APPROVED CODES OF PRACTICE policy (ACOPS) 8. HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & NEW 2. HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ORGANISMS REGISTERS NEW ORGANISMS (HSNO) CODES OF PRACTICE 9. NATIONAL PROGRAMMES > Safer forest harvesting 3. GUIDANCE BY INDUSTRY > Safe use of machinery in manufacturing > Adventure activities > Preventing falls from height in > Agriculture construction > Construction and building maintenance > Quad bike safety > Forestry > The Canterbury rebuild > High hazard > HSNO – automotive spray painting, > Manufacturing boat building and metal finishing > Hazardous Substances 10. HEALTH AND SAFETY TRAINING 4. GUIDANCE BY HAZARD TYPE > Training for health and safety > Asbestos representatives > Bacteria, viruses & parasites > Approved health and safety training > Chemicals > Timing of and application for leave > Heights > Entitlement to paid leave for training > Machinery > Funding of approved health and safety training > Noise > Related information > OOS or manual handling 4 INTRODUCTION TITLE ANNOTATIONS Some titles are annotated to allow you to see quickly what publications are available in support of the topic. Eg: Asbestos R, ACOP, W This indicates that Asbestos has Regulations and an Approved Code of Practice associated with it plus a website where information about the topic is collected. The full range of annotations, with their URLs, is below. Australian and New Zealand Standards are not referenced in this way. See the end of each entry for these. The annotations are: SHORT FOR LOCATION ACOP Approved Codes of Practice www.business.govt.nz/worksafe/information-guidance/ approved-codes-of-practice-acops AT Assessment Template As indicated at the end of the entry B Booklet As indicated at the end of the entry F Standard Worksafe NZ Forms www.business.govt.nz/worksafe/notifications-forms GL Guideline Search with a keyword at: www.business.govt.nz/worksafe/ HZA Hazard Alert Search with a keyword at: www.business.govt.nz/worksafe/ IPG Industry Produced Guidelines As indicated at the end of the entry. R Regulation See the government Legislation website at: W Webpage As indicated at the end of the KEEPING THIS BOOKLET UP TO DATE It is hoped to revise this booklet from time to time. If an entry becomes obsolete or requires changes because Worksafe NZ publishes new material, for example, that will be posted on a Worksafe webpage at: worksafe.govt.nz This icon denotes a serial killer. See pages 68 and 175. 5 01/ LEGAL IN THIS SECTION: 1.1 The Health and Safety in 1.9 Public safety Employment Act 1992 1.10 Volunteers 1.2 The HSE Regulations 19951.11 When and how to notify 1.3 Approved codes of practice Worksafe NZ 1.4 Guidelines 1.12 Employers’ records 1.5 All practicable steps 1.13 Legal powers 1.6 Employee participation 1.14 Certificates of competency 1.7 The right to refuse 1.15 Contractors dangerous work 1.16 The Hazardous Substances 1.8 Health and safety and Noxious Organisms Act representatives (HSNO) 1996 6 SECTION 1.0 // LEGAL 1.1 THE HEALTH AND SAFETY – without limitation, a situation described IN EMPLOYMENT ACT 1992 in subparagraph (i) resulting from physical or mental fatigue, drugs, 1.1.1 THE HEALTH AND SAFETY IN alcohol, traumatic shock, or another EMPLOYMENT ACT: temporary condition that affects a > promotes excellence in health and safety person's behaviour management, in particular by encouraging > Harm means illness, injury, or both; and employers to be systematic (s 5) includes physical or mental harm caused > defines hazards and harm in a by work-related stress. (s 2). comprehensive way including harm caused by work-related stress and hazardous 1.1.3 WHAT ARE SIGNIFICANT HAZARDS personal behaviour (s 2) AND SERIOUS HARM? > imposes duties that require employers A significant hazard is one that can result and employees to take all practicable in serious harm. steps to prevent harm to people in or near > Employers are required to assess each workplaces. (Employers’ duties ss 6–15. hazard they identify to find out if it is likely Duties of other parties ss 16–19) to result in serious harm. > sets requirements that relate to the taking > If it is, then it is a significant hazard and of all practicable steps to ensure health and employers are required to take the steps safety and to provide flexibility to cover outlined in ss7–10 of the HSE Act. different circumstances s2(a) > encourages the health and safety of Serious harm is defined in a schedule to the volunteers (ss3(c)and 3(d)) HSE Act. > requires employee participation in health In summary, any of the following conditions and safety and encourages good faith that amount to or result in permanent loss cooperation in places of work (s19(a)) of bodily function, or temporary severe loss > provides a range of enforcement methods of bodily function: in response to failures (ss 39–44 and s 56). > respiratory disease, noise-induced hearing loss, neurological disease, cancer, Source: The HSE Act, Regulations and dermatological disease, communicable Schedules can be downloaded from: disease, musculoskeletal disease, illness www.legislation.govt.nz/ caused by exposure to infected material, 1.1.2 WHAT ARE HAZARDS AND HARM? decompression sickness, poisoning, vision impairment, chemical or hot-metal burn Hazard – means of the eye, penetrating wound of the > an activity, arrangement, circumstance, eye, bone fracture, laceration, crushing, event, occurrence, phenomenon, process, amputation of a body part situation, or substance (whether arising or > burns requiring referral to a specialist caused within or outside a place of work) medical practitioner or specialist that is an actual or potential cause or outpatient clinic source of harm.
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