MALPIGHIACEAE by Christiane Anderson
GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS MALPIGHIACEAE By Christiane Anderson A warm-temperate and tropical family of ca. 70 genera and ca. 1300 species of trees, shrubs, erect or trailing subshrubs or herbs with perennial underground structures, or woody to herbaceous, vines, predominantly neotropical but with some genera in Africa, Madagascar, southeast Asia, eastern Australia, New Guinea, and parts of Oceania. Vines are represented in the Neotropics by 33 genera and ca. 600 species that occur in diverse habitats, except at highest elevations. Diagnostics: The hairs are unicellular and medifixed (stellate in Thryallis). Leaves are simple and opposite, commonly stipulate. Sepals Stigmaphyllon ciliatum (photo: S. G. Weller) commonly bearing a pair of large oil glands; petals clawed; androecium, with some exceptions, comprises 10 stamens; gynoecium as a rule is 3-carpellate with usually three styles. In the majority of genera, fruits break into three samaras or mericarps. General Characters 1. STEMS1. Stems are terete (fig. 1a-e), lobed (fig. 1i, k; 2f, k), asymmetrically lobed (fig. 1g, h, j; 2b, e, i) or less often flattened or 4-angled (fig. 1l); straight (fig. 3a) or twisted (fig. 3b, e, f), from < 1 cm to 30 cm in diam. (fig. 3f) and up to 30–40 m long. Bark is usually smooth, grayish and lenticellate (fig. 3a), or dark gray and shaggy or corky in species of Diplopterys (fig. 3d), Peixotoa (fig. 1i), and Stigmaphyllon (fig. 3c). Stems with regular secondary growth are found in several genera; of these species of Adelphia, Aenigmatanthera, Amorimia, Heteropterys, Stigmaphyllon (fig.
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