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Proceedings of the Conference in Honour of Murray Gell-Mann's 80th Birthday Quantum Mechanics, Elementary Particles, Quantum Cosmology and Complexity ■Editors -^ H Fritzsch - K K Phua . Co-editors BE Baaquie - AH Chan N-P Chang • SACheong LCKwek • CHOh World Scientific This page is intentionally left blank This page is intentionally left blank Proceedings of the Conference in Honour of Murray Gell-Mann’s 80th Birthday Quantum Mechanics, Elementary Particles, Quantum Cosmology and Complexity 8043tp.indd 1 10/19/10 1:44 PM Proceedings of the Conference in Honour of Murray Gell-Mann’s 80th Birthday Quantum Mechanics, Elementary Particles, Quantum Cosmology and Complexity Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 24–26 February 2010 Editors H Fritzsch (University of Munich, Germany) K K Phua (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore) Co-editors B E Baaquie (National University of Singapore, Singapore) A H Chan (National University of Singapore, Singapore) N-P Chang (City University of New York, USA) S A Cheong (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore) L C Kwek (National University of Singapore, Singapore) C H Oh (National University of Singapore, Singapore) World Scientific NEW JERSEY • LONDON • SINGAPORE • BEIJING • SHANGHAI • HONG KONG • TAIPEI • CHENNAI 8043tp.indd 2 10/19/10 1:44 PM Published by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. 5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224 USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601 UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. QUANTUM MECHANICS, ELEMENTARY PARTICLES, QUANTUM COSMOLOGY AND COMPLEXITY Proceedings of the Conference in Honour of Murray Gell-Mann’s 80th Birthday Copyright © 2011 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher. For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to photocopy is not required from the publisher. ISBN-13 978-981-4335-60-7 ISBN-10 981-4335-60-6 Printed in Singapore. CheeHok - Quantum Mechanics, Elementary.pmd1 10/8/2010, 10:37 AM October 1, 2010 8:53 WSPC - Proceedings Trim Size: 9.75in x 6.5in 00b-Preface v PREFACE The Conference in Honour of Murray Gell-Mann's 80th Birthday was no ordinary conference. Held from 24 to 26 February 2010 at the idyllic and beautiful premises of the Nanyang Executive Centre, NTU, the conference was graced by four Nobel Laureates and several renowned scientists across the globe who celebrated Professor Murray Gell-Mann's 80th birthday and his contributions to fundamental sciences. Jointly organized by the Chair, Professor Harald Fritzsch and Co-Chair, Pro- fessor Phua Kok Khoo, the conference attracted 249 participants from 33 countries, including the United States, Australia, Britain, China, France, Germany India, Israel, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. The four Nobel Laureates present at the conference were: Professor Yang Chen Ning (Physics, 1957), Professor Kenneth Geddes Wilson (Physics, 1982) Professor Gerard 't Hooft (Physics, 1999) and Pro- fessor Murray Gell-Mann (Physics, 1969). Professor Harald Fritzsch and Professor George Zweig both shared a light-hearted account of their encounters with Professor Gell-Mann, with their lectures titled \Murray Gell-Mann | A Scientific Biography" and \Memories of Murray and the Quark Model" respectively. Another highlight of the conference took place on the second day when all the participants were treated to a sumptuous banquet dinner at the Regent Hotel. The Guest of Honour, Mr Lim Chuan Poh (Chairman, Agency for Science, Technology and Research), paid tribute to Prof Gell-Mann for his efforts in deepening our understanding of the laws of Nature. Prof Kenneth Young (CUHK, Hong Kong), who was also Prof Gell-Mann's student, spoke affectionately about his former PhD mentor. In celebration of Professor Gell-Mann's birthday, students from Hwa Chong Institution put up a fi ne display of Wushu performance, an elegant fan dance and a captivating fusion of Eastern-Western music. The exotic music ensemble by the Institution's Chinese Orchestra, highly commended by Professor Chang Ngee Pong (City University of New York), culminated in a \Happy Birthday" song. Everyone sang, clapped and cheered for Professor Gell-Mann who was visibly moved; he told us that he was very touched by the gesture of the audience at the Banquet. The last day of the conference ended with parallel sessions on Particle Physics, Quantum Mechanics and Complexity. In addition, more than 80 teachers attended a Physics Education workshop which was held in conjunction with the conference. October 1, 2010 8:53 WSPC - Proceedings Trim Size: 9.75in x 6.5in 00b-Preface vi Preface Most of the teachers who attended the workshop thoroughly enjoyed the captivating talks and hands-on activities at the workshop. The parallel sessions on Quantum Mechanics and Complexity began with two invited talks by Professor Kerson Huang from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Dr Gunnar Pruessner from the Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London. Professor Huang presented the idea of Conditioned Self-Avoiding Walk (CSAW) as a model of protein folding. Dr Pruessner gave an overview on the current development of Self-Organized Criticality (SOC). The special talks were followed by talks from researchers from Australia, Japan, the Netherlands, Indo- nesia, France, Russia, Brunei, Turkey and Singapore. The topics presented were wide-ranging, spanning from quantum entanglement to the complexity theory of business, social and biophysical systems. October 8, 2010 9:35 WSPC - Proceedings Trim Size: 9.75in x 6.5in 00c-contents vii CONTENTS Preface v Invited Talks Murray Gell-Mann | A Scientific Biography 1 H. Fritzsch Memories of Murray and the Quark Model 7 G. Zweig Some Problems in Cold Atom Research 21 C. N. Yang Murray and the Omega Minus 31 N. P. Samios − From Ω to Ωb 40 M. Karliner Early History of QCD and Quarks 53 G. Karl Understanding Confinement in QCD: Elements of a Big Picture 57 M. Shifman QCD | Mass and Gauge in a Field Theory. QCD Glue Mesons 74 P. Minkowski The QCD Coupling and Parton Distributions at High Precision 89 J. Blumlein¨ What We Know and Don't Know about the Origin of the Spin of the Proton 104 A. W. Thomas, A. Casey and H. H. Matevosyan Determination of Light Quark Masses in QCD 118 C. A. Dominguez The Elusive Higgs Boson(s) 130 J. F. Gunion October 8, 2010 9:35 WSPC - Proceedings Trim Size: 9.75in x 6.5in 00c-contents viii Prospects for New Physics at the LHC 145 J. Ellis Murray Gell-Mann and the Last Frontier of LHC Physics: The QGCW Project 157 A. Zichichi Some Lessons from Sixty Years of Theorizing 169 M. Gell-Mann New Gauge Symmetry in Gravity and the Evanescent Role of Torsion 174 H. Kleinert Neutrino Mass and Grand Unification of Flavor 186 R. N. Mohapatra LHC and the Seesaw Mechanism 199 G. Senjanovi´c Neutrino Mixing, Leptonic CP Violation, the See-Saw Mechanism and Beyond 211 S. T. Petcov Some Recent Progress in AdS/CFT 224 J. H. Schwarz Aspects of String Phenomenology 234 I. Antoniadis String Corrections to QCD 247 D. Lust¨ Maximal Supersymmetry and Exceptional Groups 262 L. Brink Gauge/Gravity Duality and Some Applications 273 S. R. Wadia Quantum Mechanics and Field Theory with Momentum Defined on an Anti-de-Sitter Space 287 M. Bander Gauge Symmetry in Phase Space Consequences for Physics and Spacetime 297 I. Bars Composite Higgs Particle∗ 315 K. Yamawaki ∗Abstract only. October 8, 2010 9:35 WSPC - Proceedings Trim Size: 9.75in x 6.5in 00c-contents ix Black Holes and Attractors in Supergravity 316 A. Ceresole and S. Ferrara Gauge Theory of Gravity with de Sitter Symmetry as a Solution to the Cosmological Constant Problem and the Dark Energy Puzzle 329 P. Chen Inflation: Theory and Observations∗ 338 V. Mukhanov Holographic Space-Time and Its Phenomenological Implications 339 T. Banks Modeling the Flyby Anomalies with Dark Matter Scattering 352 S. L. Adler Physics of Micro Black Holes∗ 365 G. Dvali Possible Solution of Dark Matter, the Solution of Dark Energy and Gell-Mann as Great Theoretician 366 P. H. Frampton Reasoning by Analogy: Attempts to Solve the Cosmological Constant Paradox 379 R. A. Porto and A. Zee Manifestations of Space-Time Variation of Coupling Constants and Fundamental Masses 383 V. V. Flambaum and J. C. Berengut Classical Cellular Automata and Quantum Field Theory 397 G. 't Hooft Could Testing of the Laws of Physics Ever be Complete?∗ 409 K. G. Wilson Contributed Talks: Particle Physics, Cosmology and General Relativity Parton Distribution Functions in Diffractive Deep Inelastic Scattering 411 S. T. Monfared, A. Khorramian and S. A. Tehrani Fluid QCD Approach for Quark-Gluon Plasma in Stellar Structure 419 T. P. Djun and L. T. Handoko Heavy Quark Contributions to the Proton Structure Function 426 H. Khanpour, A. N. Khorramian and S. A. Tehrani October 8, 2010 9:35 WSPC - Proceedings Trim Size: 9.75in x 6.5in 00c-contents x Nucleus-Nucleus Chou{Yang Correlations with Generalized Multiplicity Distribution 434 J. K. Jasvantlal, A. Dewanto, A. H. Chan and C. H. Oh Pad´e Approximations and NSQD's Up to 4-Loop Using F2 Deep Inelastic World Data 444 A. N. Khorramian, H. Khanpour and S. A. Tehrani A Phenomenological Analysis of the Longitudinal Proton Structure Function FL 451 M. Soleymaninia, A. N. Khorramian and S. A. Tehrani Helicity Contributions of W +-Boson in Energy Distribution of B-Hadron in Top Quark Decay 459 S.
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