New York State High School Regents Exam Prep
Study Strategies
Here Are Some Study Tips . . . Take control. Make a list of all the things you need to do. Divide your workload into manageable chunks. Prioritize. Schedule your time realistically. Stick to your deadlines.
Get into the habit of actively studying each day.
Choose a quiet, nondistracting place to study.
Study for short focused blocks of time.
Organize new information. Create outlines, charts, flashcards, timelines, and concept maps to help you visualize relationships. Try to integrate what you're studying with what you already know.
Occasionally, study with a friend. Quiz each other, compare notes, discuss discrepancies.
When you feel yourself losing focus, switch the type of task you are working on, the subject that you are studying, or the environment that you are in. Take a break and walk around a bit. Stop studying when you are no longer being productive Before the Test
1. Be sure to find out ahead of time. o what material the test will cover o what type of test it will be (multiple choice, true false, short answer, essay) o how the test will be graded o how much the test will count toward the final grade 2. Study in a place that is free of distractions. Have ready all the things you will need, such as paper, pens, or a calculator. 3. Study at a time when you are alert and not hungry or sleepy. 4. Don't wait until the last minute to study! Short daily study sessions are better than one long session the night before the test. 5. Set a goal for each study period. If you are being tested on three chapters, set up four study sessions, one for each chapter and one for a review of the main ideas in all three chapters. 6. Repetition is key! Read and reread your class notes and the relevant chapters in the textbook. 7. While you are reviewing your notes, cover them up periodically and summarize them out loud. Pretend that you are explaining the material to someone else. 8. Create your own study aids. o Make an outline from your notes of just the main ideas. o Make a timeline of important dates or the order of events. o Make flashcards for studying vocabulary or events and important dates. o Make up your own quiz or test based on your notes and have a friend, parent or sibling test you. 9. Do any practice exams or study sheets provided by the teacher. These will help you focus your study session and give you confidence. 10. Get help from the teacher if you do not understand something. Studying in a Group
Experts say that studying in a group can be more effective than studying alone. Students say it can be more fun, too! Here are a few tips for organizing a study group.
It often works best to have just three to five people in a study group. That way, each person gets the time to talk and make sure she understands the material. Schedule a few study sessions. Whether studying alone or in a group, a few short sessions are much more useful than one long "cram" session. Having one person act as the leader can help a group to run smoothly. The main goal of the leader is to keep everyone focused on studying so that things don't become too social. Be prepared! A study group is a place to share your understanding of a subject. The other people in the group aren't there to teach you facts you should already know. The more you can offer the group, the more you'll get out of it.
Sticking to an agenda is important. Here's one plan for organizing your group time.
1. First, compare your notes and review old homework. If there is something you have had trouble understanding, write down your questions about it before meeting with your study group. 2. Next, drill each other on facts you need to memorize. For example, What are the four stages of a butterfly's life cycle? You might want to give each other practice quizzes. 3. Lastly, take the time to discuss "why" questions. For example, Why do monarch butterflies migrate?
One way to handle "Why" questions is to make a list of the important ones you will want to review. Then divide the questions among the group. At your next meeting, have each person present a lesson about her questions. Ten Tips for Taking Tests
1. Read the instructions carefully. Never assume you will know what they will say! Ask the teacher if you are unsure about anything. 2. Read the entire test through before starting. Notice the point value of each section. This will help you to pace yourself. 3. Answer the easiest questions first, then the ones with the highest point value. You don't want to spend 20 minutes trying to figure out a two-point problem! 4. Keep busy! If you get stuck on a question, come back to it later. The answer might come to you while you are working on another part of the test. 5. If you aren't sure how to answer a question fully, try to answer at least part of it. You might get partial credit. 6. Need to guess on a multiple-choice test? First, eliminate the answers that you know are wrong. Then take a guess. Because your first guess is most likely to be correct, you shouldn't go back and change an answer later unless you are certain you were wrong. 7. On an essay test, take a moment to plan your writing. First, jot down the important points you want to make. Then number these points in the order you will cover them. 8. Keep it neat! If your teacher can't read your writing, you might lose points. 9. Don't waste time doing things for which you will not receive credit, such as rewriting test questions. 10. Leave time at the end to look over your work. Did you answer every question? Did you proofread for errors? It is easy to make careless mistakes while taking a test.
Read more: Homework Center: Studying for Tests http://www.infoplease.com/homework/studyskills4.html#before#ixzz 1M9zWMGwS At the end of Spanish III, the student should know the following concepts: 1. Review of the preterite and the imperfect 2. estar + participle 3. ser/ estar 4. verbs that change their meanings from the preterite to the imperfect 5. Review of all commands-tú, Ud., Uds., and Nosotros 6. Review of the subjunctive construction 7. present and past perfect tenses 8. present subjunctive with verbs of emotion and doubt 9. present perfect subjunctive 10. demonstrative adjectives and pronouns 11. subjunctive with adverbial clauses 12. past subjunctive 13. past subjunctive with si clauses 14. present subjunctive with conjunctions(mientras, tan pronto, como, etc.) 15. present subjunctive with other conjunctions(a menos que, sin que, para que, etc.) 16. passive voice: ser + past participle 17. the present vs. the past subjunctive 18. conditional tense 19. the past perfect subjunctive 20. the conditional perfect Español 3 Me llamo______Regents vocabulary 2009
Column 1 Column 2
1. tratar 1. quemar (se)
2. el propósito 2. una ventaja/desventaja
3. el aviso 3. quejarse de
4. fallecer/morir 4. la calidad
5. rechazar 5. la cantidad
6. apoyar 6. desarrollar
7. un robo, el ladrón 7. el alojamiento
8. el siglo 8. un esfuerzo
9. el incendio/el fuego 9. entretener
10. una inundación 10. subir (a), bajar (de)
11. el terremoto 11. una reunión,un mitin,la función
12. la tempestad, tormenta 12. una carrera
13. la sequía 13. el lugar, el sitio
14. la nieve, la lluvia 14. el diseñador
15. el hogar, el domicilio 15. la moda, estar de moda
16. la contaminación 16. el tamaño, la talla
17. el negocio 17. enseñar
18. la multa 18. útil, inútil
19. el testigo 19. gozar, disfrutar de
20. ganarse la vida 20. la esperanza
21. a través de 21. crecer
22. además 22. llevar a cabo
23. la estación, la temporada 23. los alimentos. comestibles
24. sin embargo 24. pasar un rato
25. el costo, el precio 25. la butaca, el sillón
26. el portavoz 26. el diario, el periódico
Column 3 Column 4
1. la guerra 1. el gobierno 2. según 2. el folleto
3. gratis/libre 3. aprovechar
4. un premio 4. una huelga
5. gastar, los gastos 5. darse cuenta de
6. matar 6. el ambiente
7. quedarse 7. apurarse, apresurarse, darse prisa
8. una obra 8. sorprender, la sorpresa
9. el ser humano 9. olvidar, olvidarse de + inf.
10. tener lugar 10. el bienestar
11. tener verguenza 11. disponible
12. deber 12. el piso, suelo
13. la gira 13. el daño, hacer daño
14. aunque 14. lastimarse, doler
15. en vez de 15. aconsejar, el consejo
16. a pesar de 16. desaparecer
17. ahorrar 17. la lucha
18. el abogado 18. cambiar, cambiar de idea
19. la edad 19. la risa, la sonrisa
20. dejar/salir 20. enviar, mandar
21. dejar de + inf. 21. llegar a ser, hacerse
22. jamás, nunca 22. ponerse + adj.
23. evitar 23. una beca
24. el nivel 24. quitarse
25. el empleo, el trabajo 25. la gente
26. los derechos 26. la encuesta
27. la tarifa/los impuestos 27. la oferta Español 3 Me llamo______
Verb Tenses for Spanish 3
This packet is designed to help you review the tenses that you have learned so far. While all irregular information is not provided, you can refer to your verb packets if you need to practice or review the irregulars in a specific tense.
1. Present Tense: Used to talk about what is going on now! There are 3 sets of endings listed below and you drop the ar/er/ir before adding the endings. There are several stem changing verbs in this tense and you need to remember to change all forms except the nosotros. Also remember that escoger,recoger and dirigir all change the g to j in the YO form only.
ar endings er endings ir endings o o o amos emos imos as es es xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx a e en e an en
2. The present progressive: This is a compound tense that uses Estar + ando / iendo instead of the regular present tense. There are several irregulars with ir being the most unusual. Ir = yendo. We use this tense to distinguish what is going on now versus what goes on. Ej: Paco trabaja en Wegmans. Nieva en invierno. Paco está trabajando en Wegmans. Está nevando hoy.
Ellos comen biftec. Paco sale a las tres. Ellos están comiendo biftec. Paco está saliendo.
3. The subjuntive present tense: This tense is used when you hope/wish/want/tell or recommend that someone else do something. You do not control the outcome! The verbs usually involved are: esperar querer decir recomendar
To form: Start with the present tense YO form, drop the O and add the opposite endings below!
ar endings er/ir endings e emos a amos es xxxx as xxxx e en a an
To be subjunctive there must be: 1. 2 different subjects 2. Connect the phrases with que 3. Ojála que is always followed by the subjunctive form.
Irregulars: SIDES Ser- sea Follow chart endings above for the rest of Ir- vaya the forms. Dar- dé Estar- esté Saber-sepa
The Past Tense Tenses
In Spanish, there are 2 past tenses. The preterite & the imperfect tenses. You must be careful to use the correct one.
4. The preterite: Used to talk about a completed action or event. You can see the beginning and / or end of the event. There are many irregular verbs in this tense and you should check preterite packets 1-2-3 to check the forms. There are also 5 verbs that change meaning when used in this tense. For preterite regular forms: drop the ar/er/ir and add the endings below
Ar endings-regulars er / ir endings-regulars Irregular endings é amos í e imos imos aste xxxx iste iste xxxx xxxx ó aron ió o ieron ieron
These verbs change meaning: Preterite Imperfect
1. querer tried to wanted to 2. no querer refused to didn’t want to 3. poder managed to was able to 4. haber there was-an event there was-description 5. saber found out, learned knew facts/info. 6. conocer met for 1st time knew people/places/things
5. The imperfect: Used to talk about things in the past where there was no exact time. The beginning and or end of the event is not clear. There was repetition or description instead of an event. This tense is always used for time and age and is usually used for weather unless a word like yesterday is used. It is also used for expressions of the head and heart. Ej. I hated the game. We loved the movie. Drop the ar/er/ir ending and add the endings below. She was sick.
Ar endings Er / Ir endings aba ía íamos ábamos abas ías xxxxx xxxxxx aba aban ía ían
Imperfect Irregulars: Ser ver ir
era éramos veía veíamos iba íbamos eras xxxx veías xxxxxx ibas xxxxx era eran veía veían iba iban
6. The imperfect with the progressive. Use estar in imperfect + present progressive forms. I was reading. Yo Leía. or Yo estaba leyendo. They were studying. Ellos estudiaban. or Ellos estaban estudiando. Review irregulars in present progressive packet!
7. The Future Tense: to discuss what will/shall happen. Used in place of ir + a + inf. Can also be used for ‘wonder” as in I wonder what time it is? ¿Qué hora será? Ellos llegarán esta noche. They will arrive tonight.
To form: Add endings below to infinitive-DO NOT DROP ENDINGS.
É EMOS Irregulars come in 3 categories: ÁS XXXX ‘d’ no ‘e’ other Á ÁN Poner- pondr saber- sabr hacer- har Salir- saldr querer- querr decir- dir Venir- vendr haber- habr Valer- valdr poder- podr Tener –tendr
8. The Conditional Tense: Used to tell what would happen. Use with pero not si ( if ) because if you use it with si, you need to use past subjunctive and you do not know it yet! I would go to the movie but I don’t have any money. Yo iría al cine pero no tengo ningún dinero.
To form: Add endings below to infinitive-DO NOT DROP ENDINGS. SAME AS FUTURE!
ÍA ÍAMOS Irregulars come in 3 categories: ÍAS XXXX ‘d’ no ‘e’ other ÍÁ ÍAN Poner- pondr saber- sabr hacer- har Salir- saldr querer- querr decir- dir Venir- vendr haber- habr Valer- valdr poder- podr Tener –tendr
9. Present Perfect: A compound tense used to tell what someone has done. Like the present progressive you have the helping verb ‘haber’ and the present perfect form of the verb.
Mi equipo ha ganado el torneo. My team has won. Ellos han viajado a España. They have traveled to Spain.
he hemos has xxxxx + ado/ido ar verbs: drop ar and add ‘ado’ ha han er/ir verbs: drop er/ir and add ‘ido’
mandar- mandado review packet for irregulars salir- salido perder- perdido
Los Mandatos: Commands
Remember: There are 2 sets of commands. There are the tú commands that we use with our family and friends. These can be used in the negative and affirmative and for only 1 person at a time.
Tú commands: Form by using the he/she form of the verb for affirmatives. Limpia la casa. Tira la basura. Despiértate. For reflexives add ‘te’ to end.
The irregulars are: HIS TVS PD hacer haz salir sal ir ve poner pon ser sé decir di tener ten venir ven
Negative Tú commands: are like the subjunctive. Start with yo form of present tense and drop ‘o’. Add es to ar verbs and as to er/ir verbs.
Hacer-No hagas la tarea. Leer- No leas el libro. Dormirse- No te duermas. For reflexives, add ‘te’ in front of verb.
Irregular Negative Tú commands: Same as subjunctive irregulars.
SIDES ser- sea Ir- vaya Dar- dé Estar- esté Saber-sepa
Formal Commands: The other commands are the formal commands. We use these with strangers or anyone that we would used Ud. with. We also use these to form Uds. commands for more than 1 person. These commands are easy- Use the subjunctive Ud. form for and Ud. command and use the Uds. subjunctive form for group commands. To make them negative commands, place a ‘ no ‘ in front of the verb.
Hablar No hable. No hablen Uds. Perder No pierda. No pierdan Uds. Dormirse No se duerma. No se duerman. Reflex. goes before verb. Use ‘se’ NOT ‘te’ Irregular Negative Ud./ Uds. commands: Same as subjunctive irregulars. SIDES ser- sea Ir- vaya Estar- esté Dar- dé Saber-sepa