Korean Terminology

Kinsale Taekwondo, 7 Hilllcrest, Cappagh, Kinsale, Co Cork Ph: 021 4700781 Korean Terminology

A note about Korean pronunciation: A sounds like the “a” in “father,” not like the “a” in “back.” D is a soft sound, slightly aspirated, almost like a “ t.” I sounds like a long “e” as in “see.” J is more like the “ch” in “church.” R is a light sound, with the tongue tapping the roof of the mouth. U sounds more like a double “o.”

Counting in Korean : One Hanna Six Yosau Two Dool Seven Ilgop Three Set Eight Yodol Four Net Nine Ahop Five Tasau Ten Yol

Stance :- Sogi Attention Stance Charyot Sogi Parallel Ready Stance Narani Junbi Sogi Walking Stance Gunnun Sogi Sitting Stance Annun Sogi L Stance Niunja Sogi Bending Ready Stance Guburyo Junbi Sogi Fixed Stance Gojung Sogi Closed Ready Stance Moa Junbi Sogi X Stance Kyocha Sogi Rear Foot Stance Dwit Bal Sogi Vertical Stance Soo Jik Sogi Low Stance Nachuo Sogi

Kick :- Chagi Front Kick Ap Chagi Front Rising Kick Apcha Olligi Side Kick Yop Chagi Side Rising Kick Yopcha Olligi Turning Kick Dollyo Chagi Back Kick Dwit Chagi Cresent Kick Bandal Chagi Hooking Kick Goro Chagi Twisting Kick Bituro Chagi Reverse Turning Kick Bandae dollyo Chagi Pressing Kick Noollo Chagi Spinning Hooking Kick Bandae DollyoGoro Chagi Axe Kick Naeryo Chagi Jumping Kick Twimyo Chagi

Punch :- Jirugi Obverse Punch Baro Jirugi Reverse Punch Bandae Jirugi Side Punch Yop Jirugi Downward Punch Naeryo Jirugi Turning Punch Dollyo Jirugi Twin Upset Punch Sang Dwijibo Jirugi Upward Punch Ollyo Jirugi Horizontal Punch Soopyong Jirugi Upset Punch Dwijibo Jirugi Twin Vertical Punch Sang Sewo Jirugi Cresent Punch Bandal Jirugi Vertical Punch Sewo Jirugi

Club Instructor Mr Liam Corkery 3rd Degree Black Belt Web: www.kinsaletkd.com eMail: [email protected] Kinsale Taekwondo, 7 Hilllcrest, Cappagh, Kinsale, Co Cork Ph: 021 4700781

Blocks :- Makgi

Low Block Najunde Makgi Downward Block Naeryo Makgi Middle Block Kaunde Makgi Forearm Guarding Block Palmok Daebi Makgi Rising Block Chookyo Makgi Palm Pressing Block Sonbadak Nollo Makgi High Block Nopaunde Makgi Palm Pushing Block Sonbadak Miro Makgi Forearm Block Palmok Makgi Double Forearm Block Doo Palmok Makgi Circular Block Dollimyo Makgi Knifehand Guarding Block Sonkal Daedi Makgi U-shaped Block Mong Dung-I Makgi W-Shaped Block Bakat Palmok san Makgi Wedging Block Hechyo Makgi Twin Outerforearm Block Sang Bakat Palmok Makgi Scooping Block Duro Makgi Palm Heel Hooking Block Golcho Makgi Upward Block Ollyo Makgi

In-Class Commands;

Attention Charyot Bow Chyung-Nae Ready Junbi To Begin Si Jak Stop Goman Return to ready position Baro

General;

Training Hall Dojang Uniform Dobok Belt Ti Yell Kihap Kick Chagi Punch Jirugi Block Makgi Jump Twimyo Strike Taerigi Thrust Tulgi Left Wen Right Orun Upward Ollyo Downward Naeryo Inner An Outer Batak Inward Anaero Outward Bakaero Backward Dwyiro Kaggyi Forward Apro Kagg Sparring MatSoki One step sparring Ilbo Matsoki Free Sparring Jayoo Matsoki Three step sparring Sambo Matsoki Pattern Tul Student Jeja Instructor Sabum Nim Forefist Ap Joomuk Backfist Dung Joomuk Knifehand Sonkal Forearm Palmok Obverse Baro Reverse Bandae Ball of the foot Ap Kumchi Heel Dwikumchi

Meaning of Belt Colours

SIGNIFICANCE OF BELT COLOURS

There are six belts; White, Yellow, Green, Blue, Red and Black. White is given to beginners and black is given to students who have progressed through the grades and have a solid foundation for learning the techniques of Tae Kwon-Do.

Definition of the Belts are as follows;

White Belt; Signifies innocence, as that of a beginning student who has no previous knowledge of Tae Kwon-do.

Yellow Belt; Signifies the earth from which a plant sprouts and takes root as the Tae Kwon-do foundation is being laid.

Green Belt; Signifies the plants growth as the Tae Kwon-Do skills begin to develop.

Blue Belt; Signifies the heaven towards which the plant matures into a towering tree a the Tae Kwon-Do training progresses. It also signifies the sky.

Red Belt; Signifies Danger, Cautioning the student to exercise control and warning the opponent to stay away. It also signifies Fire.

Black Belt; Opposite of White, therefore signifying the maturity and proficiency in Tae Kwon-Do. It also indicates the wearer imperviousness to darkness and fear.

Students must grade through the following belts in the following order; White Belt given to beginners (10th Kup) White Belt / Yellow Tag (9th Kup) Yellow Belt (8th Kup) Yellow Belt / Green Tag (7th Kup) Green Belt (6th Kup) Green Belt / Blue Tag (5th Kup) Blue Belt (4th Kup) Blue Belt / Red Tag (3rd Kup) Red Belt (2nd Kup) Red Belt / Black Tag (1st Kup) Black Belt (1st Dan/Degree) Club Instructor Mr Liam Corkery 3rd Degree Black Belt Web: www.kinsaletkd.com eMail: [email protected] Kinsale Taekwondo, 7 Hilllcrest, Cappagh, Kinsale, Co Cork Ph: 021 4700781

Tae Kwon-Do The art or method of kicking with the feet and punching with the fists

Tae - Kicking or smashing with the feet

Kwon - Punching with the Fist

Do - Art or Method

Tenets of Tae Kwon-Do

Courtesy - Always be polite to instructors, seniors and fellow students.

Integrity - Always be honest to yourself and know what is right and what is wrong.

Perseverance - Never stop trying to achieve a goal

Self Control - Never lose your temper when you perform techniques against an opponent because this can be dangerous. Live work and train within your capabilities. Indomitable Spirit - Show courage and stick to your guns even when you face overwhelming odds.

Tae Kwon-Do Oath

As a member of Tae Kwon-Do, I do solemnly pledge to abide by the rules and regulations of the association. I strive also to be modest, courteous and respectful to all members in particular my seniors and put the art in use only for self defence, defence of the weak and never to abuse my knowledge of the art.

International Tae Kwon-Do Oath

As a student of Tae Kwon-Do;

I shall observe the tenets of Tae Kwon-Do. I shall respect the instructor and seniors. I shall never misuse Tae Kwon-Do. I shall be a champion of Freedom and Justice. I shall build a more peaceful world. Club Instructor Mr Liam Corkery 3rd Degree Black Belt Web: www.kinsaletkd.com eMail: [email protected] Kinsale Taekwondo, 7 Hilllcrest, Cappagh, Kinsale, Co Cork Ph: 021 4700781

Interpretation of Patterns

There are twenty-four patterns in Tae Kwon Do. Each TKD pattern is named after a significant figure or group in Korean history. The nine coloured-belt patterns are listed below.

Patterns are various fundamental movements, most of which represent either attack or defence techniques, set to a fixed logical sequence. In patterns the student systematically deals with several imaginary opponents under various assumptions using every available attacking and blocking movement from different directions. Thus, pattern practice enables the student to go through many fundamental movements in series to develop sparring techniques, improve flexibility of movements, master body shifting and gain rhythmical movements. It also enables the student to acquire certain exercises or sparring.

Points for Performing Patterns

1. Patterns should begin and end at the same spot. 2. Correct posture and facing must be maintained at all times 3. The muscles of the body should be tensed or relaxed at the critical movement in the exercise. 4. The exercise should be performed in a rhythmic manner with an absence of stiffness. 5. Movement should be accelerated and decelerated at the appropriate times. 6. Each pattern should be perfected before going on to the next. 7. Know the purpose of each movement. 8. Perform each movement with realism.

Chon-Ji (19 Movements) 8th Kup Yellow Belt Literally translated means “Heaven on Earth”. In the orient it is interpreted as the beginning of all creation and human history, and is therefore the initial pattern practised by the beginner. It consists of two parts, one representing Heaven and one representing Earth.

Dan-Gun (21 Movements) 7th Kup Green Tag This pattern is named after the Holy Dan-Gun, the legendary founder of Korea in the year 2333BC.

Do-San (24 Movements) 6th Kup Green Belt Is the pseudonym of Ahan Ch’ang Ho, (1876-1938). The 24 movements represent his whole life, which he devoted to furthering the education of Korea and its independence movement.

Won-Hyo (28 Movements) 5th Kup Blue Tag Was the noted monk who introduced Buddism to the Silla Dynasty in the year 686AD. Club Instructor Mr Liam Corkery 3rd Degree Black Belt Web: www.kinsaletkd.com eMail: [email protected] Kinsale Taekwondo, 7 Hilllcrest, Cappagh, Kinsale, Co Cork Ph: 021 4700781

Yul-Gok (38movements) 4th Kup Blue Belt Is the pseudonym of the philosopher and scholar Yi 1 (1536-1584) nicknamed the “Confucius of Korea”. The 38 movements of this pattern refer to his birthplace on 38 degrees latitude and the diagram represents scholar.

Joong-Gun (32 movements) 3rd Kup Red Tag Is named after Ahn Joong Gun who assassinated Hiro Bumi Ito the first Governor-General of Korea, known as the person who played the leading role in the Korea – Japan merger. There are 32 movements in this pattern to represent Mr. Ahn’s age when he was executed in Lui Shung prison in 1910.

Toi-Gye (37 Movements) 2nd Kup Red Belt Is the pen name of the noted scholar Yi Hwang (16th. Century A.D.), an authority on Neo-Confucianism. The movements of this pattern refer to his birthplace on 37 degrees latitude, the diagram represents “scholar”.

Hwa-Rang (29 Movements) 1st Kup Black Tag Is named after the Hwa Rang youth group, which originated in the Silla Dynasty in the early 7th century. This group eventually became the driving force for the unification of the three Kingdoms of Korea. The 29 movements refer to the 29th infantry division, where Tae Kwon-Do developed into maturity.

Choong-Moo (30 movements) 1st Degree Black Belt Was the name given to the great Admiral Yi Soon Sin of the Yi Dynasty. He was reputed to have invented the first armoured battleship (Kobukson) in the year 1592, which is said to be the precursor of the present day submarine. The reason this pattern ends with a left-hand attack is to symbolise his regrettable and untimely death, which occurred before he had a chance to display his full loyalty.

The Korean flag symbolises much of the thought and philosophy of the Orient. The symbol, and sometimes the flag itself, is called Tae Kuk. Depicted on the flag is a circle divided equally and locked in perfect balance. The red section represents the Yang (plus) and the blue section the Um (minus), an ancient symbol of the universe which originated in China. These two opposites express the dualism of the cosmos: fire and water, day and night, dark and light, construction and destruction, masculine and feminine, active and passive, heat and cold, plus and minus, and so on. The central thought in the Tae Kuk indicates that while there is a constant movement within the sphere of infinity, there are also balance and harmony. Three bars at each corner also carry the ideas of opposition and balance. The three unbroken bars stand for heaven; the opposite three broken bars represent the earth; the two bars with a broken bar in-between symbolise fire; the opposite is the symbol of water.

What is Taekwon-Do?

Modern Taekwon-Do differs greatly from other martial arts, since the theories, terminology, techniques, systems, methods, rules, practice suit and spiritual foundation were scientifically developed, systematised, and named by General Choi Hong Hi. The physical techniques of Taekwon-do are based on the principles of modern science, in particular Newtonian physics which teaches us how to generate maximum power. A combination of circumstances made it possible for Gen. Choi to originate and develop Taekwon-Do. In addition to his prior knowledge of Taek Kyon (one of the earliest forms of Korean martial art which he had been studying since he was fifteen), he had an opportunity to learn Karate in Japan during the period when Korea was occupied by the Japanese. When Korea was liberated in 1945 he was placed in the privileged position as a founding member of the newly formed South Korean Armed Forces. He began to teach Karate to his soldiers as a means of physical and mental training. It was then that he realised that he needed to develop a Korean national martial art, superior in both spirit and technique to Japanese Karate. He worked tirelessly from that day on until April 11 1955 when he unveiled his new Korean martial art. This new art was named "Taekwon-Do". Although Karate and Taek Kyon were used as references in the course of his study, the fundamental theories and principles of Taekwon-Do are totally different to those of any other martial art. The emergence of Taekwon-Do as an international martial art in a relatively short period of time was due to a variety of factors. The evils of contemporary society (moral corruption, materialism, selfishness, etc.) had created a spiritual vacuum. For many people Taekwon-Do filled that vacuum, and compensated for the prevailing sense of emptiness, distrust, decadence and lack of confidence. In addition, the increase of violence and violent crime highlighted the need for self-protection and for many people Taekwon-Do filled that need.

Parts of the hands used for Techniques

1) Forefist 2) Backfist

3) Sidefist 4) Longfist

5) Underfist 6) Knifehand

7) Reverse Knifehand 8) Fingertip

9) Archand 10) Middle Knuckle

11) Fore Knuckle 12) Thumb Knuckle

13) Palm 14) Palm Heel

15) Backhand

The Theory of Power There are 6 principals used to make a technique as powerful as possible: 1. Reaction Force (Bandong Ryok) 2. Concentration/Focus (Jip Joong) 3. Equilibrium (Kyn Hyung) 4. Breath Control (Hohup Jojul) 5. Mass (Zilyang) 6. Speed (Sokdo) An untrained person only uses 10-15% of their potential when trying to perform Tae Kwon-do techniques. 1. Reaction Force. If you strike an opponent who is rushing towards you at speed, the force of the blow is the combination of your opponent's movement and your own. Techniques can be of considerable force if timed well. Another type of reaction force is to use the two sides of the body in harmony. If the right fist is used to execute a punch the left fist should be drawn backward to the hip to maximise the effectiveness of the blow. 2. Concentration Pressure = Force/Area. As with high-heel shoes being more damaging than a bare foot, Tae Kwon-do techniques use the smallest surface area as possible when in contact with an opponent. For example, a Tae Kwon-do punch uses only the bottom two knuckles of the index and middle fingers where as a boxer would use the entire fist. 3. Equilibrium Balance should be maintained at all times - when moving or stationary. The body is therefore able to respond quickly and to execute techniques as fast as possible. 4. Breath Control The body must always have a good oxygen supply but sharp exhalations at the moment a technique is performed temporarily tense the body to make techniques more powerful and diminishing the impact of any blow received. There are claims that it helps release a person's chi, or life force. 5. Mass Force = Mass x Acceleration

By raising the body and dropping it at the moment of impact the force of a technique is dramatically increased. 6. Speed Continuing with Force = Mass x Acceleration, a technique should accelerate quickly and be at its maximum acceleration at the moment of impact.

SIDE KICK / YOP CHAGI

1) Side Piercing Kick Yop Cha churigi (Blade of Foot)

2) Side Thrust Kick Yop Cha tulgi (Ball of Foot)

3) Side Pushing Kick Yop Cha milgi (Sole/Blade of Foot)

4) Side Rising Kick Yop Cha olligi (Blade of Foot)

5) Side Checking Kick Yop Cha mom chagi (Blade of Foot)

6) Side Pressing Kick Yop Noollo chagi (Blade of Foot)

Chon-Ji 8th Kup Yellow Belt Literally translated means “Heaven on Earth”. In the orient it is interpreted as the beginning of all creation and human history, and is therefore the initial pattern practised by the beginner. It consists of two parts, one representing Heaven and one representing Earth.

NO OF MOVEMENTS 19 READY POSITION Parallel Ready Stance DIAGRAM:

MOVEMENTS IN PATTERN: STEP MOVE STANCE TECHNIQUE 1 To left L Walking Low section Outer Forearm Block 2 Fwd R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 3 180 turn R Walking Low section Outer Forearm Block 4 Fwd L Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 5 L 90 L Walking Low section Outer Forearm Block 6 Fwd R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 7 180 turn R Walking Low section Outer Forearm Block 8 Fwd L Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 9 L 90 R 'L' Stance Middle section Inner Forearm Block 10 Fwd R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 11 180 turn L 'L' Stance Middle section Inner Forearm Block 12 Fwd L Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 13 L 90 R 'L' Stance Middle section Inner Forearm Block 14 Fwd R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 15 180 turn L 'L' Stance Middle section Inner Forearm Block 16 Fwd L Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 17 Fwd R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 18 Bwd L Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 19 Bwd R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch. Kihap END: Bring left foot back to parallel ready stance

Dan-Gun 7th Kup Green Tag This pattern is named after the Holy Dan-Gun, the legendary founder of Korea in the year 2333BC.

NO OF MOVEMENTS: 21 READY POSITION: Parallel Ready Stance DIAGRAM:

MOVEMENTS IN PATTERN: STEP MOVE STANCE TECHNIQUE 1 To left R 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block 2 Fwd R Walking High section Obverse Punch 3 180 turn L 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block 4 Fwd L Walking High section Obverse Punch 5 L 90 L Walking Low section Outer Forearm Block 6 Fwd R Walking High section Obverse Punch 7 Fwd L Walking High section Obverse Punch 8 Fwd R Walking High section Obverse Punch 9 270 turn R 'L' Stance Twin Outer Forearm Block 10 Fwd R Walking High section Obverse Punch 11 180 turn L 'L' Stance Twin Forearm Block 12 Fwd L Walking High section Obverse Punch 13 L 90 L Walking Low section Outer Forearm Block 14 -- L Walking Rising Block 15 Fwd R Walking Rising Block 16 Fwd L Walking Rising Block 17 Fwd R Walking Rising Block 18 270 turn R 'L' Stance Knife hand Strike 19 Fwd R Walking High section Obverse Punch 20 180 turn L 'L' Stance Knife hand Strike 21 Fwd L Walking High section Obverse Punch. Kihap. END: Bring left foot to parallel ready position

NOTE: Moves 13 and 14 are done in a continuous motion

Do-San 6th Kup Green Belt Is the pseudonym of Ahan Ch’ang Ho, (1876-1938). The 24 movements represent his whole life, which he devoted to furthering the education of Korea and its independence movement NO OF MOVEMENTS: 24 READY POSITION: Parallel Ready Stance DIAGRAM:

MOVEMENTS IN PATTERN: STEP MOVE STANCE TECHNIQUE 1 To left L Walking High section Outer Forearm Block 2 -- L Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 3 About R Walking High section Outer Forearm Block Turn 4 -- R Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 5 L 90 R 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block 6 Fwd R Walking Middle section straight fingertip Thrust 7 360 turn L Walking Release Technique & High section back fist Strike 8 Fwd R Walking High section back fist Strike 9 270 turn L Walking High section Outer Forearm Block 10 -- L Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 11 About R Walking High section Outer Forearm Block Turn 12 -- R Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 13 L Foot L Walking High section Wedging Block 120 14 Fwd -- Middle section Front kick 15 Land in R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 16 -- R Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 17 R foot R Walking High section Wedging Block 60 18 Fwd -- Middle section Front kick 19 Land in L Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 20 -- L Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 21 L Foot L Walking Rising Block 30 Club Instructor Mr Liam Corkery 3rd Degree Black Belt Web: www.kinsaletkd.com eMail: [email protected] Kinsale Taekwondo, 7 Hilllcrest, Cappagh, Kinsale, Co Cork Ph: 021 4700781

22 Fwd R Walking Rising Block 23 270 turn Sitting Middle section Knife hand Strike 24 180 L to Sitting Middle section Knife hand Strike. Kihap. R END: Bring right foot up to parallel ready position

Won-Hyo 5thKup Blue Tag Was the noted monk who introduced Buddism to the Silla Dynasty in the year 686AD.

NO OF MOVEMENTS: 28 READY POSITION: Closed Ready Stance A DIAGRAM:

MOVEMENTS IN PATTERN: STEP MOVE STANCE TECHNIQUE 1 L R 'L' Stance Twin Forearm block 2 -- R 'L' Stance High section Inward Knife hand Strike 3 Slip forward R Fixed Middle section side Punch 4 Bring L to R L 'L' Stance Twin Forearm Block 5 -- L 'L' Stance High section Inward Knife hand Strike 6 Slip forward L Fixed Middle section side Punch 7 R to L R Bending Forearm guarding Block 8 -- -- Middle section side piercing kick 9 Land in R 'L' Stance Knife hand guarding Block 10 Fwd L 'L' Stance Knife hand guarding Block 11 Fwd R 'L' Stance Knife hand guarding Block 12 Fwd R Walking Middle section Straight fingertip thrust 13 Turn 270 R 'L' Stance Twin forearm block | -- R 'L' Stance High section Inward Knife hand Strike 15 Slip forward R Fixed Middle section side Punch 16 Bring L to R L 'L' Stance Twin Forearm Block 17 -- L 'L' Stance High section Inward Knife hand Strike 18 Slip forward L Fixed Middle section side Punch 19 R to L and Fwd L Walking Circular Block 20 Fwd -- Low section front snap Kick 21 Land in R Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 22 -- R Walking Circular Block 23 -- Low section front snap Kick 24 Land in L Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 25 R up to L Bending Forearm guarding Block Club Instructor Mr Liam Corkery 3rd Degree Black Belt Web: www.kinsaletkd.com eMail: [email protected] Kinsale Taekwondo, 7 Hilllcrest, Cappagh, Kinsale, Co Cork Ph: 021 4700781

26 -- -- Middle section side piercing kick 27 Land and turn 270 R 'L' Stance Middle section Forearm guarding Block 28 L to R L 'L' Stance Middle section Forearm guarding Block. Kihap. END: Bring right foot back to ready position

Yul-Gok 4th Kup Blue Belt Is the pseudonym of the philosopher and scholar Yi 1 (1536-1584) nicknamed the “Confucius of Korea”. The 38 movements of this pattern refer to his birthplace on 38 degrees latitude and the diagram represents scholar.

NO OF MOVEMENTS: 38 READY POSITION: Parallel Ready Stance DIAGRAM:

MOVEMENTS IN PATTERN: STEP MOVE STANCE TECHNIQUE 1 To L Sitting L Hand measure up Punch 2 -- Sitting Middle section Punch (R) 3 -- Sitting Middle section Punch (L) 4 L to R Sitting R Hand measure up Punch 5 -- Sitting Middle section Punch (L) 6 -- Sitting Middle section Punch (R) 7 R 45 R Walking High section Inner Forearm Block 8 Fwd R Walking Low section front snap kick 9 Land in L Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 10 -- L Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 11 L 90 L Walking High section Inner Forearm Block 12 Fwd L Walking Low section front snap kick 13 Land in R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 14 -- R Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 15 R 45 R Walking High section Hooking Block 16 -- R Walking High section Reverse Hooking Block 17 -- R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 18 Fwd L Walking High section Hooking Block 19 -- L Walking High section Reverse Hooking Block 20 -- L Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 21 Fwd R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 22 L to R R Bending Forearm Guarding Block 23 -- -- Middle section side piercing kick 24 Land in L Walking Middle section Right Elbow Strike 25 About Turn L Bending Forearm Guarding Block 26 -- -- Middle section side piercing kick

27 Land in R Walking Middle section Left Elbow Strike 28 L 90 R 'L' Stance Twin Knife hand Outer Forearm block 29 Fwd R Walking Middle section straight fingertip Thrust 30 About turn L 'L' Stance Twin Knife hand Outer Forearm Block 31 Fwd L Walking Middle section Straight Fingertip Thrust 32 L 90 L Walking High section Outer Forearm block 33 -- L Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 34 Fwd R Walking High section Outer Forearm block 35 -- R Walking Middle section Reverse Punch 36 Jump forward X-stance High section Back fist Strike 37 Turn 270 R Walking High section Double Forearm Block 38 R to L turn 180 L Walking High section Double Forearm Block, Kihap.

END: Bring right foot back to ready position

Joong-Gun 3rd Kup Red Tag Is named after Ahn Joong Gun who assassinated Hiro Bumi Ito the first Governor-General of Korea, known as the person who played the leading role in the Korea – Japan merger. There are 32 movements in this pattern to represent Mr. Ahn’s age when he was executed in Lui Shung prison in 1910. NO OF MOVEMENTS: 32 READY POSITION: CLOSED READY STANCE B DIAGRAM:

MOVEMENTS IN PATTERN: STEP MOVE STANCE TECHNIQUE 1 L R 'L' Stance Middle section reverse Knife hand Block 2 -- -- Low section front snap kick 3 Fwd L Rear Foot Right hand Upward palm Block 4 About turn L 'L' Stance Middle section reverse knife hand Block 5 -- -- Low section Front snap kick 6 Fwd R Rear Foot Right hand Upward palm Block 7 L90 R 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block 8 Slip Front L Walking High rising elbow strike Foot 9 Fwd L 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block 10 Slip Front R Walking High rising elbow strike Foot 11 Fwd L Walking High section twin vertical Punch 12 Fwd R Walking Twin upset Punch 13 About Turn L Walking Rising X-stance Block 14 L 90 R 'L' Stance High section back fist Strike 15 Slip Front L Walking Release move Foot 16 -- L Walking High section Reverse Punch 17 L to R move R L 'L' Stance High section back fist Strike to 18 Slip R Foot R Walking Release move 19 -- R Walking High section Reverse Punch 20 R Foot to L L Walking High section Double Forearm Block Fwd to 21 Pull L Foot R 'L' Stance Middle section side Punch 22 Fwd -- Middle section side piercing kick 23 Land in R Walking High section Double Forearm Block

24 Pull in R Foot L 'L' Stance Middle section side Punch 25 Fwd -- Middle section side piercing kick 26 Land in R 'L' Stance Middle section Forearm guarding Block 27 Slip L Foot L Walking Pressing Block 28 Fwd L 'L' Stance Middle section Forearm guarding Block 29 Slip R Foot R Walking Pressing Block 30 L to R turn 90 Moa Middle section hook Punch 31 R Fwd R Fixed U shape Block 32 R to L about L Fixed U shape Block. Kihap. turn END: Bring right foot back to ready position

Toi-Gye 2nd Kup Red Belt Is the pen name of the noted scholar Yi Hwang (16th. Century A.D.), an authority on Neo-Confucianism. The movements of this pattern refer to his birthplace on 37 degrees latitude, the diagram represents “scholar

NO OF MOVEMENTS: 37 READY POSITION: CLOSED READY STANCE B DIAGRAM:

MOVEMENTS IN PATTERN: STEP MOVE STANCE TECHNIQUE 1 Left R 'L' Stance Middle section inner Forearm Block 2 Slip L foot L Walking Low section upset fingertip thrust 3 L to R Moa Low outer forearm Block & High section back fist strike (slow) 4 Right L 'L' Stance Middle section inner Forearm Block 5 Slip R foot R Walking low section upset fingertip thrust 6 R to L Moa As move 3 (Opposite hands) 7 Fwd L Walking Low section X Block 8 -- L Walking High section twin vertical Punch 9 Fwd -- Low section front snap kick 10 Land in R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 11 -- R Walking Middle section Reverse punch 12 L to R Moa Posture move, hands on hips 13 R 90 sitting W shape Block 14 L 180 sitting W shape Block 15 L 180 sitting W shape Block 16 R 180 sitting W shape Block 17 L 180 sitting W shape Block 18 L 180 sitting W shape Block 19 R to L Fwd R 'L' Stance Low section Double Forearm Block 20 Slip L foot L Walking High Double hand grasp 21 Fwd -- Upward Knee strike, pull down with hands 22 About Turn R 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block 23 Fwd -- Low section front snap kick (front leg) 24 Land in L Walking High section fingertip Thrust 25 Fwd L 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block Club Instructor Mr Liam Corkery 3rd Degree Black Belt Web: www.kinsaletkd.com eMail: [email protected] Kinsale Taekwondo, 7 Hilllcrest, Cappagh, Kinsale, Co Cork Ph: 021 4700781

26 Fwd -- Low section front snap kick (front leg) 27 Land in R Walking High section fingertip Thrust 28 Bwd R 'L' Stance High section back fist and Low section Outer Forearm Block 29 Fwd jump X-stance Low section X Block to 30 Slip R foot R Walking Low section Double Forearm Block 31 Turn 270 R 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block 32 Slip L foot L Walking Circular Block 33 L to R L 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block 34 Slip R foot R Walking Circular Block 35 Reverse L Walking Circular Block stance 36 Reverse R Walking Circular Block stance 37 Move R foot sitting Middle section Punch. Kihap.

Hwa-Rang 1st Kup Black Tag Is named after the Hwa Rang youth group, which originated in the Silla Dynasty in the early 7th century. This group eventually became the driving force for the unification of the three Kingdoms of Korea. The 29 movements refer to the 29th infantry division, where Tae Kwon-Do developed into maturity.

NO OF MOVEMENTS: 29 READY POSITION: MOA Ready Stance C DIAGRAM:

MOVEMENTS IN PATTERN: STEP MOVE STANCE TECHNIQUE 1 Move L foot L sitting Middle section Palm pushing Block 2 -- -- Middle section front Punch 3 -- -- Middle section front Punch(both punches is a fast motion) 4 Pull R foot L 'L' Stance Twin Forearm Block 5 -- -- Reverse Upward punch Punch 6 Slide both feet Fixed Middle section side Punch to R 7 Pull R foot L Vertical Downward Knife hand Strike 8 Move Fwd L Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 9 Turn L 90 L Walking Low section Outer Forearm Block 10 Fwd R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 11 Pull L foot L Vertical Right fist with left Fwd 12 Using R foot -- Middle section side piercing kick land in using R hand L 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand Strike 13 L leg Fwd L Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 14 R leg Fwd R Walking Middle section Obverse Punch 15 Turn 270 R 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block anticlockwise 16 Step Fwd R Walking Middle section fingertip Thrust 17 About Turn R 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block 18 Using R foot -- High section Turning Kick 19 (a) Using L (a)-- (a) High section Turning Kick (18 & 19 in foot fast motion) (b) Land in (b) R 'L' Stance (b) Middle section Knife hand guarding Club Instructor Mr Liam Corkery 3rd Degree Black Belt Web: www.kinsaletkd.com eMail: [email protected] Kinsale Taekwondo, 7 Hilllcrest, Cappagh, Kinsale, Co Cork Ph: 021 4700781

Block 20 Move L foot to L Walking Low section Outer Forearm Block L 90 21 Pull up R foot R 'L' Stance Middle section Obverse Punch 22 Step Fwd L 'L' Stance Middle section Obverse Punch 23 Step Fwd R 'L' Stance Middle section Obverse Punch 24 Slip L foot L Walking X pressing Block 25 Slide Fwd R 'L' Stance Right elbow Strike turning body 180 26 Turn L 90 Moa Right Middle section inner Forearm and Low section Outer Forearm Blocks 27 -- -- Change position of hands (opposite way) 28 L foot Fwd R 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block 29 Pull L foot. L 'L' Stance Middle section Knife hand guarding Block. Kihap. Turn opp. direction

Choong-Moo 1st Degree Black Belt Was the name given to the great Admiral Yi Soon Sin of the Yi Dynasty. He was reputed to have invented the first armoured battleship (Kobukson) in the year 1592, which is said to be the precursor of the present day submarine. The reason this pattern ends with a left-hand attack is to symbolise his regrettable and untimely death, which occurred before he had a chance to display his full loyalty.

TaeKwon Do Stances

Attention Stance Korean: Chariot Sogi . Heels touch

. Feet form the shape of a ‘V’

. Legs straight

. Arms extended slightly outward to each side

Parallel Ready Stance Korean: Narani Junbi Sogi

. Width = 1 shoulder width

. Feet Parallel

. Legs straight

. Hands in front of and at either side of the knot of the belt

Sitting Stance Korean: Annun Sogi . Feet Width = 1½ shoulder width

. Feet parallel

. Both knees bent

. Weight Distribution 50-50

Walking Stance Korean: Gunnun Sogi . Length = 1 and a half shoulder with + 1 foot

. Width = 1 shoulder width

. Front foot straight, back foot turned outward slightly

. Weight distribution 50-50

. Front knee bent

. Back leg straight

. Front leg donates left or right leg stance

L-Stance Korean: Niunja Sogi . Length = 1½ shoulder width

. Feet form the shape of an ‘L’

. Weight distribution 70% Rear–30% Front

. Rear leg donates left or right leg stance

Close Ready Stance Korean: Moa Junbi Sogi . Feet together . Left hand over right. "A" – The distance between the chest and the fists is approximately 30cm. "B" – The distance between the fists and the navel is approximately 15cm. "C" – The distance between the hands and the abdomen is approximately 10cm.

Fixed Stance

Korean: Gojung Sogi . Fixed stance is similar to a lengthened L-stance, . Both legs are equally bent. . Weight distribution: 50/50 . When right foot forward (Right Fixed Stance) and vice versa.

Vertical Stance Korean: Soo Jik Sogi . Length is one shoulder width from big toe of front foot to footsword of rear foot . 60% of weight is on rear leg

. 40% of weight on front leg

. Rear leg is the primary leg.

. Right leg at rear (Right Vertical Stance) and vice versa

Bending Ready Stance Korean: Guburyo Junbi Sogi

. Standing leg is bent and is the primary leg

. Footsword of the lifted leg is brought in towards the opposite knee

. it is principally used as a chamber position of side piercing and thrusting kicks

. When standing on right foot (right bending ready stance) and vice versa

. X-Stance Korean: Kyocha Sogi

. Cross one foot over or behind the other, touching the ground slightly with the ball of foot

. Place the body weight on the stationary foot

. Stationary leg is the primary leg

. When resting on Right foot (Right X - Stance) and vice versa.

Rear Foot Stance Korean: Dwitbal Sogi . This stance is one shoulder width from footsword of back foot to big toe of front foot . Most of the weight is on the rear foot . Front knee is bent touching ground slightly with ball of foot . Bend the rear leg until the knee comes over the toes . Rear leg is primary leg. . When Right foot is rear ( right Rear Foot Stance) and vice versa

Club Instructor Mr Liam Corkery 3rd Degree Black Belt Web: www.kinsaletkd.com eMail: [email protected] Kinsale Taekwondo, 7 Hilllcrest, Cappagh, Kinsale, Co Cork Ph: 021 4700781 Interpretation of Patterns

There are twenty-four patterns in Tae Kwon Do. Each TKD pattern is named after a significant figure or group in Korean history. The nine coloured-belt patterns are listed below.

Patterns are various fundamental movements, most of which represent either attack or defence techniques, set to a fixed logical sequence. In patterns the student systematically deals with several imaginary opponents under various assumptions using every available attacking and blocking movement from different directions. Thus, pattern practice enables the student to go through many fundamental movements in series to develop sparring techniques, improve flexibility of movements, master body shifting and gain rhythmical movements. It also enables the student to acquire certain exercises or sparring.

Points for Performing Patterns

9. Patterns should begin and end at the same spot. 10. Correct posture and facing must be maintained at all times 11. The muscles of the body should be tensed or relaxed at the critical movement in the exercise. 12. The exercise should be performed in a rhythmic manner with an absence of stiffness. 13. Movement should be accelerated and decelerated at the appropriate times. 14. Each pattern should be perfected before going on to the next. 15. Know the purpose of each movement. 16. Perform each movement with realism.

Chon-Ji (19 Movements) 8th Kup Yellow Belt Literally translated means “Heaven on Earth”. In the orient it is interpreted as the beginning of all creation and human history, and is therefore the initial pattern practised by the beginner. It consists of two parts, one representing Heaven and one representing Earth.

Club Instructor Mr Liam Corkery 3rd Degree Black Belt Web: www.kinsaletkd.com eMail: [email protected]