2016-05-18 TSS Minutes-Approved

Technical Studies Subcommittee (TSS) Meeting Minutes - 172 May 18-20, 2016 1:00 p.m. May 18, 2016 – 12:00 p.m. May 20, 2016 MT Salt Lake City, UT

1. Welcome, Call to Order, Introductions—Everyone Philip Augustin, TSS Chair, called the meeting to order at 1:00 p.m. on May 18, 2016. A quorum was present for the conducting of business. A list of attendees is attached as Exhibit A. Attendees introduced themselves. Brian Keel, Planning Coordination Committee (PCC) Chair, expressed his appreciation for the work and contributions by the TSS.

2. Review WECC Antitrust Policy—Enoch Davies Enoch Davies reviewed the meeting arrangements and the WECC Antitrust Policy.

3. Review and Approve Agenda—Philip Augustin Mr. Augustin reviewed the agenda. APPROVAL ITEM: Philip Augustin made a motion to approve the TSS agenda. The motion passed unanimously.

4. Review January 20-22, 2016 Minutes—Stephanie Imamovic Stephanie Imamovic reviewed the minutes from the last meeting. There were no changes. APPROVAL ITEM: Stephanie Imamovic made a motion to approve the TSS Meeting #171 January 20-22, 2016 minutes. The motion passed unanimously.

5. SunZia Southwest Transmission Project—Mark Etherton Mark Etherton presented an overview of the SunZia Southwest Transmission Project summarizing the purpose of the project, system impacts, and members of the WECC Path Rating Review Group for this project, and provided an update on the Phase III construction and energization data. Mr. Etherton raised the issue that transmission projects under development by companies that are not presently represented as a Member System in Appendix 2 of the Data Preparation Manual (DPM), including those actively pursuing projects via FERC Order 1000, do not have a straight forward process for developing and submitting models for inclusion in WECC Interconnection-wide

WESTERN ELECTRICITY COORDINATING COUNCIL 155 North 400 West, Suite 200 Salt Lake City, Utah 84103-1114 TSS - 172 Meeting Minutes May 18-20, 2016 2

base cases. The request is for an allocation of bus numbers and zones to be designated for use by such companies to model projects for planning purposes. SunZia believes that its project should be in Area 14, but the Member Systems in that area (Tucson Electric Power (TEP) and Salt River Project (SRP)) are concerned with using their reserved zones and bus numbers before agreements are executed and the Planning Coordinator (PC) is formalized. They would prefer the use of temporary zone and bus numbers until all agreements are executed. John Gross reviewed the DPM Change Request that is proposed to address this issue. TSS members discussed the proposal and made some adjustments. The revised Change Request is to add a Temporary Assignment section in Appendix 2 – Area, Zone and Bus Number Assignments allocating a Zone Number Range of 8000-8999 and a Bus Number Range of 800,000-850,000 with an explanation that “If requested, SRWG will assign and maintain the assignment of bus and zone numbers through coordination with the Data Submitter.” MOTION: Philip Augustin made a motion to approve the DPM Change Request on the “Bus and Zone Allocation for Projects without Planning Coordinators” with the modifications as discussed. The motion passed with 16 yes, 3 no, and 2 abstain votes.

6. Annual Study Program Report for 2016—Enoch Davies Mr. Davies asked whether WECC members are getting value out of the existing Annual Study Program Report and if it would be sufficient to perform the tasks as identified in the SRWG Annual Study Program Scope of Work without producing a report. Mr. Gross reviewed the PCC task force recommendations on the Annual Study Program from two years ago and the SRWG Annual Study Program Scope of Work that was approved last year. The group discussed that the content of the report could be improved for added value. The group also reviewed what approvals are currently required for the report and questioned whether it has the appropriate levels of approvals. MOTION: John Gross made a motion to support SRWG/WECC staff’s proposal to review and restructure the format and content of the report as long as it continues to meet the Annual Study Program Scope of Work. The motion passed unanimously. The Annual Study Program Report will continue to go through the existing approval order of SRWG, TSS and PCC. ACTION ITEM: WECC staff and SRWG to work together to reformat the Annual Study Program Report.

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7. BCCS Alternative Task Force (BATF)—Andrew Christensen Andrew Christensen presented a summary of the results from the BATF objectives that were completed, which included capturing lessons learned from the previous Base Case Coordination System (BCCS), reviewing and identifying the objectives of the original BCCS, developing a vision of the complete project, and creating clear objectives that are relevant to today’s modeling issues. The next steps for the BATF are: 1) prioritize these objectives and determine whether they can be implemented incrementally or if they require a larger software solution; 2) recommend levels of involvement for WECC members and WECC staff for each objective; 3) propose a timeline to meet the objectives; and 4) present a draft report to the SRWG at its June 2016 meeting.

8. Modeling and Validation Work Group (MVWG)—Jun Wen Jun Wen presented on MVWG activities in load modeling, renewable energy modeling, system model validation, generator modeling, testing and validation, High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) modeling, Remedial Action Scheme (RAS) and relay modeling, Approved Dynamic Model Library, next meetings and workshops, and other items. For more information beyond what is included in these minutes, see the full MVWG report and presentation that was provided for this meeting. Ms. Wen reported that the MVWG was reconsidering whether to hold the workshop tentatively scheduled for August and conducted a survey to determine the amount of interest. Based on responses, about 50-60 participants are interested in attending. The MVWG workshop is planned for August 30-31 in Portland, OR. It will be two days, consisting of a day and a half on load modeling and a half day on system model validation and MOD-033. Ms. Wen also shared that NERC is having a workshop on Power Plant Testing and Model Validation on September 20-21, 2016 in Atlanta, GA. Ms. Wen presented the proposed efficient data format to reduce the number of records with CMPLDW parameters from 10,000 to 60 records. This would use load descriptors and would modularize the distribution transformer and motor loads. In the meantime, a new version of the Load Model Data Tool using the existing format, LMDT 2.0, has additional visualization capabilities and is available. Additional benchmarking studies with the composite load model are underway and a report is expected to be completed by June 2016. Continued studies, better model specifications documents, and testing of sequential stalling is still needed. The MVWG Load Modeling Task Force (LMTF) is also coordinating with the NERC LMTF (chaired by Dmitry Kosterev, BPA) on the task list that was presented.

Ms. Wen reported on an issue identified by users modeling renewable energy that underfrequency relays were tripping in the simulation when a close-in fault was applied, which should not happen. A global threshold to frequency-based relay models (lsdt9, lhfrt, others) is suggested to be added to represent when the relay should not operate. A typical value of 0.3 in software is suggested (a typical value in the relay is 0.5-0.7). While this is being implemented, it is suggested to turn off the frequency-based relays for this condition. The MVWG Renewable Energy Modeling Task Force (REMTF) is continuing to work on adding new features to the renewable plant controller REPC_B, adding distributed generation as a modular part of the composite load model, benchmarking the battery storage model REEC_C, and updating its path forward. The System Model Validation Task Force (SMVTF) discussed its plan to help support MOD-033. The SMVTF plans to develop two cases each year that will be selected based on larger, more significant events in WECC that could potentially be used by entities for MOD-033 efforts. The group had previously discussed having a case review process similar to the base case development process, and concluded that they do not believe a case-review process is necessary. As another reference document, the NERC MWG Procedures for Validation of Powerflow and Dynamics Cases is available. The hydro turbine governor model h6b and its specifications are being updated and a note on the Approved Dynamic Model Library will be made when updated. There are four main machine models: GENROU, GENSAL, GENTPF, and GENTPJ. GENSAL has already been retired from the WECC Approved Dynamic Model Library and GENROU cannot capture the transient dynamics of the field current properly in all cases or the steady state value over the entire operating range of the machine. Pouyan Pourbeik, et al, recently submitted a paper that gives clear evidence on the better performance of GENTPF and GENTPJ as compared to GENROU and GENSAL, for both round rotor and salient pole machines. Another document on the Description of Machine Models GENROU, GENSAL, GENTPJ, GENTPF by Jamie Weber is available for more information. The recommendation is that all GENROU models are converted to at least GENTPF and then to GENTPJ when Kis can be estimated (recall that when Kis=0, then GENTPJ is the same as GENTPF). Since original equipment manufacturer data is used, the data does not change and it is just a change of the model that is being used. GENTPF and GENTPJ are superior machine models and data owners are being encouraged at this point to proactively change their GENROU models to GENTPF or GENTPJ now. The MVWG will provide a short summary recommendation regarding this change. Ms. Wen reported that Bo Gong, ColumbiaGrid, reviewed the 132 generators that were identified from the UFLSRG studies and performed a screening test. Each generator model was concluded to be in one of four categories: significant parameter issues and failed standard tests, has parameter

issues but did not fail standard tests, devices that are ok to be turned off in the UFLS study, and no issues. Ms. Wen asked for a meeting with the members of the UFLSRG that initially raised the issue so that they can discuss the test results. ACTION ITEM: Philip Augustin to set up a meeting between the MVWG PPMVTF (coordinate through Jun Wen) and UFLSRG (coordinate with Chris Pink). The HVDC Task Force memo from 11/19/2013 was reviewed by the HVDCTF and no updates were needed. ABB is developing a high-level block diagram and document for IPP and PDCI. An update is expected at the next MVWG meeting. The RAS Modeling and Validation Task Force (RMVTF) Charter is up for approval at next meeting. The terminology in the WECC Approved Dynamic Model Library was clarified to respond to the TSS request from the last meeting. The term “not approved” was changed to “never approved” and “un-approved” was changed to “retired.” Also, models that are not approved were grayed out. It was also reminded that no model is incorrect modeling and if you do not know what to do, you should consult with the MVWG. Another concern was raised that it is not clear which version of the WECC Approved Dynamic Model Library is the latest. Ms. Wen is working on creating a new accordion folder on the MVWG website for the WECC Approved Dynamic Model Library with the most current and previous versions available. Until this is available, the most current version should be the first document in the results through the WECC search engine. Currently, the latest version is dated March 2016.

9. System Review Work Group (SRWG)—John Gross John Gross, SRWG Chair, reported on the SRWG’s Study Program and Compliance subgroup activities. SRWG is developing a work plan to identify a list of tasks and issues that SRWG should be working on. The work plan will include a description of the effort and benefits of each item with prioritizations. Mr. Gross provided a review summary on how the term “Area Coordinator (AC)” was removed from the DPM to help the discussions. When the DPM was modified in 2015 to align with MOD- 032, the term “Planning Coordinator (PC)” was used to describe the entity that provides the data to WECC. Subsequently, the TSS requested to not use Planning Coordinator and the term Area Coordinator did not fit back into the modified DPM. Although the Area Coordinator term is no longer in the DPM, it is still used in the data collection process. The data collection process is described in MOD-032. The proposed 2017 Base Case Compilation Schedule includes the following changes: grouped the timeline for similar cases, replaced Area Coordinator with Data Submitter, and removed Sub- Coordinator dates (refer to MOD-032). The scenario cases will be the 2021 Light Spring, 2020

Heavy Winter with South-to-North flows through California, and a review of the TEPPC common case (there will be no pre-run build for the TEPPC case). There was discussion that the Date Data Due to Data Submitter is a suggested date, and PC’s have the flexibility to adjust this as desired to follow MOD-032. In some cases, there was less than four weeks between the Date Data Due to Data Submitter and Date Data Due to WECC Staff; it was requested that it should be at least four weeks. APPROVAL ITEM: John Gross made a motion to approve the 2017 Base Case Compilation Schedule with the modification of ensuring at least four weeks between Date Data Due to Data Submitter and Date Data Due to WECC Staff. The motion passed unanimously. The proposed changes in the 2017 Data Preparation Manual are related to the following items: Area Coordinator and Sub-Area Coordinator definitions, Substations, Turbine Type, Bypass Breakers, Multi-section lines, RAS data submittal. Each item was discussed. The following changes were made based on the discussions:  Remove Area Coordinator and Sub-Area Coordinator definitions – No changes.  Add Substation field to Bus data – Changed requirement to be more specific to say “B11. Buses relative to Geomagnetic Induced Current (GIC) analysis shall be assigned to a substation” instead of requiring all buses to be assigned to a substation.  Reduce Turbine Type options for wind from separate Wind Types 1, 2, 3, and 4 to a single Turbine Type = 21 only for all four wind types – Kept Turbine Types 21, 22, 23, 24 for the four types of wind and added “20 = type unknown wind turbine.” ACTION ITEM: John Gross will contact PowerWorld and PSS®E User Group Chairs to request that the turbine types as discussed are supported.  Model bypass breakers explicitly for series reactive devices – No changes.  Add AC Substations section and requirements – Added recommendation to use the substation name from the WSM for the Substation Name. Removed latitude and longitude requirements.  RAS data submittal to state “If requested, Contingency and Remedial Action Scheme (RAS) data shall be shared with WECC and WECC shall securely store the information separate from the Interconnection-wide cases.” – No changes. APPROVAL ITEM: John Gross made a motion to approve the 2017 Data Preparation Manual as modified. The motion passed with 16 yes, 6 no, and 2 abstain votes. ACTION ITEM: For those that voted no on the 2017 DPM, provide your reasons to Philip Augustin, Lesley Kayser-Sprouse, Stephanie Imamovic, and John Gross.

Mr. Gross reviewed the DPM Change Request on modeling “Balancing Authority Data.” The request is to add a Balancing Authority (BA) field for Bus, Load, Gen, SVD, Shunt, DC Bus, and DC Converter objects. WECC staff will populate and maintain the definition of each BA within the Master Tie-Line File. APPROVAL ITEM: John Gross made a motion to approve the DPM Change Request on modeling “Balancing Authority Data” as part of the 2017 DPM. The motion passed unanimously.

10. PowerWorld Base Cases—John Gross SRWG members expressed interest for WECC staff to use PowerWorld more and to support PowerWorld users more. Two options were suggested: 1) post base cases in PowerWorld format and 2) use PowerWorld to build cases. The discussion at TSS was focused on the first option. The proposed process to post base cases in PowerWorld format is: 11. follow the existing process for creating cases, 12. continue creating the replog report with powerflow and dynamic issues using PowerWorld, and 13. add a few steps to; a. read in “auxiliary” files provided by Data Submitters (such as dynamics data, RAS models, GIC data), b. paste in other data that is stored in spreadsheets, c. save the case in PowerWorld binary format, d. perform case checks, and e. post the base case on the WECC website. The first case that is proposed to follow this process is the 2017 HS2-OP case. Entities in the Northwest area are ready to provide data and no additional information is expected from other entities. This would not impact Positive Sequence Load Flow (PSLF) and Power Transmission System Planning Software (PSS®E) users. As more experience is gained, the aux file data could be expanded with more useful information. MOTION: John Gross made a motion for WECC to post a PowerWorld binary case for the 17HS2a base case, which contains user-supplied data provided by Data Submitters, on the WECC website and to continue the process for all future base cases if the process is deemed acceptable by WECC. The motion passed with 2 abstentions. ACTION ITEM: John Gross and Jonathan Young will work with WECC staff to develop the PowerWorld cases for posting on the WECC website, starting with the 17HS2a base case.

ACTION ITEM: WECC staff to present and/or demonstrate how the development of the PowerWorld base cases for posting on the WECC website went at the next TSS meeting.

14. WECC Staff Report—Enoch Davies Enoch Davies presented the Status of Data Bank and Late Data Log from the last SRWG meeting. Mr. Davies expects the Log of Projects Undergoing Project Coordination and Rating Process will be updated by the next TSS meeting. The Annual Progress Reports and Log of Requested Waivers should be available in the next month. Mr. Davies reported that he will get the task force that was identified at the last TSS meeting to develop the GIC RFI. The WECC-0100 project (TPL-001-WECC-CRT-3 Transmission System Planning Performance Criterion) was approved by the Ballot Pool on May 2, 2016 and will be presented to the Standards Committee for approval in June 2016. If approved, it will be presented to the Board of Directors for approval in September 2016.

15. Impacts of Geomagnetic Induced Current (GIC) on Transformers—CJ Jing CJ Jing presented on the impacts of GIC on Southern California Edison’s system. Mr. Jing concluded that GIC may cause significant Var losses in SCE’s power grid, which may cause voltage issues under critical operational conditions. An effective mitigation includes the use of series capacitors. The GMD study provides SCE an understanding of how to prepare the system for a severe GMD event, accounting for GIC flow, system voltage stability, and transformer thermal behavior, minimizing the voltage instability risks.

16. TEPPC Update—Byron Woertz Byron Woertz provided an update on TEPPC activities. The 2015 Integrated Transmission and Reliability Assessment (ITRA) is available. TEPPC has a goal to complete version 1.0 of the 2026 Common Case by June 30, 2016. TEPPC is also working on the round trip functionality between the power flow model and production cost model. The goal is to perform a production cost model run, export from GridView, and then be able to run a power flow contingency analysis in a power flow program. The 2016 TEPPC study program will include 10- and 20-year study cases, with a total of 31 study cases. The Year 10 study cases include the 2026 Common Case, eight sensitivity cases and two coal retirement/low carbon cases, four cases with policy drivers, five storage cases, and four transmission studies. The Year 20 study cases include the 2034 Reference Case, four scenario- based study cases, and two stakeholder-requested study cases.

17. West-wide System Model—Slaven Kincic Slaven Kincic presented validation results from the Colstrip-Broadview 500-kV event on January 21, 2016. The West-wide System Model (WSM) case, planning base case in GE PSLF and PowerWorld formats, spreadsheet with PMU data, and sequence of events for this event and other events are available on the peakrc.org website. Mr. Kincic reviewed MOD-033 requirements and reported that the MVWG System Model Validation Task Force will review the disturbances, select two significant disturbances per year, and create cases to be made available to Peak RC signatories. These cases could be leveraged to be used as a starting point by PCs for MOD-033 purposes, but may not be applicable depending on the disturbances selected. The group raised some questions on how to perform system model validation for MOD-033 and discussed implementation by PCs. This included questions regarding the installation of disturbance monitoring devices, how to perform the validation and what tolerances are acceptable.

18. Dynamic Rating Methodology—Orlando Ciniglio Orlando Ciniglio gave a presentation on how dynamic line ratings (DLR) can be added as a new feature in standard power flow programs. A script was developed using IEEE Standard 738-2006 “Calculating the Current-Temperature of Bare Overhead Conductors” for both steady state and emergency ratings. This was benchmarked against Southwire and implemented in PowerWorld. The computations required to derive functional expressions for DLR can be performed off-line and as a one-time calculation unique for each specific conductor type. Once the DLR functional expressions are derived, they are valid for the same conductor type anywhere in the Interconnection. The basic assumptions in the ratings calculations can be changed so they are consistent with the different rating methodologies. A built-in DLR feature would allow for power flow studies to consider unique weather and operating conditions for each area. Mr. Ciniglio proposed a recommendation for TSS, WECC staff, other work groups, and vendors to further investigate this approach, perhaps expand the solution, and also consider other solutions for implementing DLR.

19. PCC TEPPC Review Task Force—Dave Angell Dave Angell presented the progress of the PCC TEPPC Review Task Force to propose a draft concept of and process for developing an “anchor data set.” The existing process for determining assumptions included in the planning data sets (e.g., power flow, dynamics, and production cost models) is not consistent, and results in differences in the 10-year planning data sets. This inconsistency creates difficulties in reconciling data between the different models and has the

potential to produce inconsistent and/or conflicting study results. Mr. Angell showed a proposed process flow chart to create an anchor data set. In addition, their efforts are considering the WECC Bylaws Section 4.9 requirement to review the structure of WECC periodically. As part of this effort, the task force is recommending to create a Reliability Assessment Committee (RAC) that consolidates TEPPC and PCC functions. Mr. Angell showed the recommended RAC structure. For more information, see the presentation. A complete package with the recommendations will be shared and provided for review and comment. The recommendation is to be delivered to the WECC Board of Directors in December. ACTION ITEM: Philip Augustin will arrange a presentation at the next TSS meeting to provide TSS the background and recommendations from the WECC Section 4.9 review of the WECC structure.

20. RAS Modeling in PSLF—Brian Thomas PSLF has implemented the RAS functionality to meet the WECC RAS Common Format. Brian Thomas provided a demonstration on how to model RAS in PSLF. Training videos are available. In- person training will be schedule for late summer or fall.

21. TSS Chair’s Report—Philip Augustin Mr. Augustin reported that all TSS approval items taken to the last PCC meeting was approved. Mr. Augustin reported that the PCC agreed with the approach the TSS proposed to post GIC and RAS data in separate zip folders in the same directory as the base cases on the WECC website and with restricted access. The GIC and RAS data will be available to PCs, TPs, and staff of subregional planning entities that have signed the NDA. Each individual will need to request access to the data. Mr. Augustin reviewed the GIC data submission schedule, with all data to be submitted by the end of 2016. Mr. Augustin reported that notification letters have been sent to the entities that have a significant number of persistent rep log items. Mr. Augustin provided a status update on FERC Docket No. IN14-11-000 that was issued May 26, 2015. The WECC RAS format has been completed. The update to the DPM that will include the requirement to include RAS is on track (approved by the TSS on May 19, 2016). The next milestone is for WECC to produce the first power flow base case—to include RAS models—by July 2016, which has not yet been implemented. By June 30, 2017, all WECC base cases shall include RAS and overcurrent protection relays with inter-TOP impact.

22. Joint User Group—Philip Augustin Lesley Kayser-Sprouse sent an email to the TSS with the action item list from the May 18, 2016 JUG meeting. Mr. Augustin reported that a new PSLF Users Work Group Chair is needed. ACTION ITEM: Enoch Davies will send out a request for a new PSLF Users Work Group Chair.

23. Vice-Chair’s Report—Lesley Kayser-Sprouse Ms. Kayser-Sprouse reviewed the old and new action items, and the upcoming meeting schedule.  August 24-26 (Salt Lake City, UT)  January TBD (Hosting opportunity)  April/May TBD (Salt Lake City, UT)

24. Informal Reports Round table of informal reports.

25. Adjourn Meeting adjourned at 11:40 am on May 20, 2016.

Exhibit A: Attendance List In Attendance Name...... Affiliation Amos Ang ...... Southern California Edison David Angell...... Idaho Power Company Waseem Arif ...... Fortis British Columbia Philip Augustin ...... Portland General Electric Company Aseem Bhatia ...... California Department of Water Resources Shawn Carlson ...... Basin Electric Power Cooperative Ken Che ...... Public Utility District No. 2 of Grant County Orlando Ciniglio...... Idaho Power Company Enoch Davies ...... Western Electricity Coordinating Council Eldin Dizdarevic...... Salt River Project Steve Eckles ...... El Paso Electric Company Mark Etherton...... Southwestern Power Group Eleanor Ewry ...... Puget Sound Energy Thomas Green...... PSCo/Xcel Energy John Gross ...... Avista Corporation Nicholas Hatton ...... Western Electricity Coordinating Council Ryan Hubbard...... Tri-State Generation & Transmission Stephanie Imamovic...... Seattle City Light Robert Jackson...... Utility System Efficiencies Lesley Kayser-Sprouse ...... Hetch Hetchy Water & Power (CCSF) Brian Keel...... Salt River Project Slaven Kincic...... Peak Reliability EvaMarie King ...... Tucson Electric Power Company Barrie Kokanos...... Schweitzer Engineering Labs Sunitha Kothapalli...... Puget Sound Energy

George Nail ...... Public Service Company of New Mexico Kostas Oikonomou...... Western Electricity Coordinating Council Ezequiel Pacheco...... Imperial Irrigation District Shawn Patterson ...... U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Craig Quist ...... PacifiCorp Patrick Rochelle...... Bonneville Power Administration Tracy Rolstad ...... Avista Corporation Faranak Sarbaz ...... Los Angeles Department of Water and Power Rikin Shah ...... PacifiCorp Kavita Shenoi...... Siemens Hari Singh...... Xcel Energy Mark Stoker...... Arizona Public Service Mudita Suri...... California Independent System Operator Khanh Thai ...... Tacoma Power Jameson Thornton...... Pacific Gas & Electric Patrick Truong ...... Sacramento Municipal Utility District Edwin Tso...... Metropolitan Water District Doug Tucker...... Western Electricity Coordinating Council Devin Van Zandt...... General Electric David Wang ...... San Diego Gas & Electric Guihua Wang ...... BC Hydro Ryan Watts...... NV Energy Jun Wen ...... Southern California Edison Byron Woertz...... Western Electricity Coordinating Council Jonathan Young ...... ColumbiaGrid

Via Webinar Name ...... Affiliation Derek Book...... Platte River Power Authority Jeremy Brownrigg...... Platte River Power Authority Charles Cheung...... California Independent System Operator Andrew Christensen...... Bonneville Power Administration Jon Cichosz...... Black Hills Corporation Donovan Crane...... Western Electricity Coordinating Council David Franklin ...... Southern California Edison Sukhdeep Gill ...... Turlock Irrigation District James Hadley ...... NorthWestern Energy Bill Hosie...... TransCanada Energy Shengli Huang...... Puget Sound Energy Tito Inga-Rojas...... BC Hydro CJ Jing...... Southern California Edison Wesley Labor...... Boise State University Mark Laufenberg...... PowerWorld Corporation Todd Lichtas...... Arizona G&T Cooperatives Caroline Marzinzik...... PowerWorld Corporation David Nichols...... Pend Orielle Public Utility District Prabal Singh ...... Sacramento Municipal Utility District Matthew Stoltz...... Basin Electric Power Cooperative Brian Thomas...... General Electric Song Wang...... PacifiCorp

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