Events and Actions That Took Place in the Recent Past

PASSATO PROSSIMO (the present perfect)

 Events and actions that took place in the recent past.

 It is made up of TWO SEPARATE PARTS: 1) The present indicative of the auxiliary verb: AVERE (io) ho (tu) hai (lui/lei) ha (noi) abbiamo (voi) avete (loro) hanno

2) The past participle ARE  ATO ERE  UTO IRE  ITO

IRREGULAR VERBS THAT TAKE THE AUXILLARY VERB AVERE:

aprire-  aperto (opened) offrire  offerto (offered) bere  bevuto (drank) perdere  perso (lost) chiedere  chiesto (asked) prendere  preso (taken, had) chiudere  chiuso (closed) risolvere  risolto (solved) correre  corso (run ) rispondere  risposto (answered) decidere  deciso (decided) scrivere  scritto (written) dire  detto (said) soffrire  sofferto (suffered) fare  fatto (made, done, did) vedere  visto (seen) leggere  letto (read) vincere  vinto (won) mettere  messo (put. Placed) vivere  vissuto (lived) Some verbs require the auxiliary verb ESSERE (io) sono (tu) sei (lui/lei) e` (noi) siamo (voi) siete (loro) sono

With verbs that take the auxiliary verb ESSERE, the participle agrees with the subject (number and/or gender) . Example: La ragazza e` andata al cinema.

ATO  ATA (when it is a female) ATO  ATE (when it is more than one female) ATO  ATI (when it is all boys or mixed gender) ATO  ATO (remains the same for a male)

Some verbs that are conjugated with ESSERE: andare –to go ritornare – to return arrivare- to arrive salire -to go up, climb cadere – to fall scendere – (sceso) to go down crescere- (cresciuto) to grow stare- (stat) to be entrare- to enter uscire- to go out essere- (stato) to be venire- (venuto) to come partire- to depart morire –(morto) to die piacere- (piaciuto) to like, to be pleasing nascere- (nato) to be born rientrare- to return home diventare- (diventato) to become

Reflexive verbs: take reflexive pronouns (mi, ti, si, ci, vi, si)  MTS CVS addormentarsi – to fall asleep ingrassarsi –to gain weight alzarsi –to get up lavarsi –to wash oneself annoiarsi- to be bored pettinarsi –to comb chiamarsi –to call oneself prepararsi –to prepare divertirsi – to have have fun, enjoy oneself sentirsi bene/male –to feel good/bad dimagrirsi- to lose weight spazzolarsi –to brush one’s teeth farsi il bagno –to take a bath svegliarsi –to wake up farsi la doccia –to take a shower truccarsi – to put on makeup farsi la barba –to shave (face) vestirsi –to get dress