Chapter 2 Study Guide s2

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Chapter 2 Study Guide

1.) Chlorine, a toxic yellow-green gas, has the ability to combine with sodium and oxygen in a 1:1:1 ratio to form the compound sodium hypochlorite, better known as, “bleach”. Draw the particle diagram of chlorine at room temperature.

2.) Which of the following are substances, and which are not:

a.) Sodium chloride Is a substance

b.) Saline solution Not a substance (it is a homogeneous mixture)

c.) Magnesium Is a substance

d.) Tap water Not a substance (it is a homogeneous mixture)

e.) Pizza Not a substance (it is a heterogeneous mixture)

3.) Label the following as chemical or physical properties:

a.) Irons ability to rust Chemical property

b.) Waters ability to freeze Physical property

c.) Papers ability to rip Physical property

d.) Sodium’s ability to react violently with water Chemical property 4.) What is conserved during a chemical reaction?

At this point of the school year, you are aware of the fact that mass is conserved during a

chemical reaction…meaning that the mass of your reactants equals the mass of the

products formed. However, by the end of the school year, you need to be aware that

charge and energy are conserved as well .

5.) Define the following and give an example of each:

Element:

A pure chemical substance consisting of a single type of atom, that cannot be broken

down by physical or chemical means. Elements can be found in your reference table, on

the periodic table. Example are, but are not limited to, hydrogen, helium, lithium,

beryllium, boron, etc…

Compound:

A pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements that

can be separated into simpler substances by chemical reactions. Examples are, but are

not limited to, sodium chloride, water, sodium bicarbonate, aluminum oxide, etc…

Homogeneous Mixture:

A mixture that is uniform throughout (it only has one phase). An example of a

homogeneous mixture is a salt that has completely dissolved in water. Remember,

homogeneous mixtures are solutions.

Heterogeneous Mixture:

A mixture that is not uniform throughout (consists of more than one phase. An example

of a heterogeneous mixture is a mixture of oil and water.