T. A. Typing Document-Word 5.0

Climatograms Integrated Science 2 Name: Per.

Background Information: Across the face of the earth there are great differences in climate. The differing climates are a result of a combination of climate controls such as elevation, latitude, water bodies, winds, topography and vegetation. While climates differ widely across the globe, climate trends in specific regions remain relatively stable over time, unless influenced by natural or man- made climate changes. Climate patterns in certain geographical locations across the globe can be measured and represented using climatograms. A climatogram is a graph of monthly measurements of temperature and precipitation for a given area during a year. Through billions of years, the varying climates across the globe have resulted in the evolution of diverse ecosystems that harbor distinct groups of living (biotic) plants, animals and microorganisms. This investigation allows you to see graphically how climate controls affect certain geographic areas.

Procedures: 1. Observe the graph/climatogram shown here. In detail, describe what a climatogram represents. Place you answer in the box below.

Climatogram Description: C L I M A T O G R A M

Left y-axis = Bar Graph (precipitation); Right y-axis = Line Graph (temp)

2. Climatograms #1-#4 – Using the data from Data Tables 1-4 below, produce a correctly labeled, final draft quality, climatogram.  For each climatogram use a bar graph to represent precipitation and a line graph to represent temperature.  Title the graph using the appropriate biome name and properly label all axes!

Data Table 1: Location - Santa Monica, California; Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average 11.7 11.7 12.8 14.4 15.6 17.2 18.9 18.3 18.3 16.7 14.4 12.8 Temp. (°C) Average 8.9 7.6 7.4 1.3 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.5 3.6 5.8 Precip.(cm)

Climatograms Data Table 2: Location – Moshi, Tanzania; Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average 23.2 23.2 22.2 21.2 19.8 18.4 17.9 18.4 19.8 21.4 22.0 22.4 Temp. (°C) Average 3.6 6.1 9.2 40.1 30.2 5.1 5.1 2.5 2.0 3.0 8.1 6.4 Precip.(cm)

Data Table 3: Location – Aden, Aden; Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average 24.6 25.1 26.4 28.5 30.6 31.9 31.1 30.3 31.1 28.8 26.5 25.1 Temp. (°C) Average .8 0.5 1.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Precip.(cm)

Data Table 4: Location – San Francisco; Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average 10 11.5 12.5 13 14 15 15 15 17 16 14 11 Temp. (°C) Average 11.9 9.7 7.9 3.8 1.8 .3 0 0 .8 2.5 6.4 11.2 Precip.(cm)

3. Now that you have practiced a few climatograms, view and analyze the climatograms represented in Figure 1. For each climatogram in figure 1, suggest a possible geographical location where this climatogram may exist. .

Figure 1– Climatograms Representing Average Annual Temperatures and Precipitation

Climatograms Blank Climatogram Graphs Directions: Title each graph with the appropriate location. Label all axes.

cm C cm ˚C 36 36 36 36 34 32 34 32 32 28 32 28 30 24 30 24 28 20 28 20 26 16 26 16 24 12 24 12 22 8 22 8 20 4 20 4 18 0 18 0 16 -4 16 -4 14 -8 14 -8 12 -12 12 -12 10 -16 10 -16 8 -20 8 -20 6 -24 6 -24 4 -28 4 -28 2 -32 2 -32 0 -36 0 -36 j f m a m j j a s o n d j f m a m j j a s o n d

cm ˚C 36 36 cm ˚C 34 32 36 36 32 28 34 32 30 24 32 28 28 20 30 24 26 16 28 20 24 12 26 16 22 8 24 12 20 4 22 8 18 0 20 4 16 -4 18 0 14 -8 16 -4 12 -12 14 -8 10 -16 12 -12 8 -20 10 -16 6 -24 8 -20 4 -28 6 -24 2 -32 4 -28 0 -36 2 -32 j f m a m j j a s o n d 0 -36 j f m a m j j a s o n d

Climatograms Analysis and Conclusion Questions Directions: Using information presented in this activity, complete the questions below. 1. Describe the relationship between climate and climatograms. In your description, explain how a geographic area can predict a climatogram.

2. Compare/contrast the climates of San Francisco and Santa Monica. What climate controls are responsible for any similarities/differences.

3. One of the climatograms in Figure 1 represents a tropical rainforest. Which climatogram do you suspect that is and why?

Look at the climatogram you created from Data Table 3. How would you describe this climate?

Divide the six climate controls into two categories – climate controls responsible for any similarities and climate controls responsible for any differences. Explain in detail, how each of these climate controls contribute to these specific climates.

Climatograms