Table 2 Is Intended for Online Supporting Information

Table 3 is intended for online Supplemental Data

Table 3. Paired mammal species comparisons and relative rates of evolution. Branch length ratio is the ratio of the branch

length for the warmer (lower latitude or elevation) species relative to that for the cooler (higher latitude or elevation). The

dN/dS warmer is the ratio of the non-synonymous to synonymous substitution ratio for the low latitude or elevation

species and the dN/dS cooler is the ratio of the non-synonymous to synonymous ratio for the higher latitude or elevation

species. Accession numbers can be sequentially attributed to the species in a given row. C H m C r B r s L d d D a a

Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e

i p S S i c t l s A n

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Carnivora Bassariscus Bassariscus Bassaricyon alleni America N L 0.379 0.413 0.026 0.056 AF498159 Procyonidae astutus sumichrasti Potos flavus DQ660301 DQ660299 DQ660304 Carnivora Galerella Galerella sanguinea Cynictis pencillata Africa S L 1.448 1.349 0.032 0.025 AF522330 Herpestidae pulverulenta Herpestes AF522331 ichneumon AY170106 AF511059 Carnivora Martes zibellina Martes melampus Mustela vison Eurasia N L 0.584 0.822 0.035 0.000 AF448243 Mustelidae Mustela erminea AB012350

1 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a

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AF057129 AF271060 Carnivora Mustela altaica Mustela nivalis Mustela vison Africa N E 1.318 1.443 0.008 0.011 AB026100 Mustelidae Mustela erminea Eurasia AB051241 America AF057129 AF271060 Carnivora Prionodon Prionodon linsang Viverra zibetha Eurasia N L 2.664 2.123 0.029 0.026 AF511048 Viverridae pardicolor Genetta genetta AF125141 AF511047 AY397697 Carnivora Pseudalopex Pseudalopex vetulus Vulpes vulpes America S L 1.726 1328. 0.000 0.000 EF106995 Canidae gymnocercus Nasua nasua 100 EF106996 X94929 DQ660303 Chiroptera Artibeus hirsutus Artibeus inopinatus Artibeus toltecus America N L 0.724 0.826 0.024 0.088 U66500 Phyllostomidae Artibeus obscurus U66501 U66515 DQ869392 Chiroptera Carollia subrufa Carollia benkeithi Carollia sowelli America N L 3.186 3.230 0.017 0.006 AF187023 Phyllostomidae Carollia perspicillata S DQ177282 AF511973 AF511974 Chiroptera Chiroderma doriae Chiroderma trinitatum Chiroderma salvini America S L 0.159 0.186 0.046 0.000 L28937 Phyllostomidae Chiroderma L28942 improvisum L28939 L28938 Chiroptera Eptesicus serotinus Eptesicus hottentotus Pipistrellus subflavus Eurasia N L 2.929 2.498 0.027 0.057 AF376837 Vespertilionidae Eptesicus fuscus and S AJ841963 Africa AJ504449

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AF376835 Chiroptera Glossophaga leachi Glossophaga Glossophaga America N L 0.647 0.666 0.010 0.000 AF382876 Phyllostomidae longirostris morenoi AF382870 Glossophaga AF382879 commissarisi AF382883 Chiroptera Myotis bechsteini Myotis sicarius Myotis latirostris Eurasia N L 1.427 1.294 0.024 0.026 AF376843 Vespertilionidae Myotis horsfieldii AJ841951 AM262330 AF376851 Chiroptera Myotis emarginatus Myotis tricolor Myotis alcathoe Africa/ N L 2.089 1.795 0.014 0.021 AF376849 Vespertilionidae Myotis sicarius Eurasia AJ504409 AJ841955 AJ841951 Chiroptera Myotis macropus Myotis hasseltii Myotis macrotarsus Eurasia N L 0.783 0.784 0.015 0.054 AJ841959 Vespertilionidae Myotis horsfeldii AF376850 AF376855 AF376851 Chiroptera Myotis oxyotus Myotis levis Myotis chiloensis America S E 2.525 2.435 0.064 0.017 AF376865 Vespertilionidae Myotis albescens AF376853 AM261888 AF376839 Chiroptera Rhinolophus Rhinolophus Rhinolophus Eurasia N L 2.057 1.563 0.000 0.000 AB085709 Rhinolophidae cornutus monoceros pearsonii DQ297580 Rhinolophus DQ297587 ferrumequinum EF544417 Dasyuromorphi Antechinus flavipes Antechinus bellus Antechinus godmani Australia S L 0.585 0.600 0.006 0.020 U22422 a Antechinus leo AF038287 Dasyuridae AF038288 AF038289

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Dasyuromorphi Dasyurus geoffroii Dasyurus spartacus Dasyurus Australia S L 1.140 1.628 0.021 0.031 AF010266 a albopunctatus New U07581 Dasyuridae Dasyurus maculatus Guinea U07580 M99461 Dasyuromorphi Dasyurus viverrinus Dasyurus Dasyurus maculatus Australia S L 0.766 0.720 0.012 0.003 U07582 a albopunctatus Dasyurus geoffroii New U07580 Dasyuridae Guinea M99461 AF010266 Dasyuromorphi Myoictis wavicus Myoictis wallacei Sarcophilus harrisii New S E 0.496 0.497 0.026 0.033 AY609360 a Dasycercus Guinea AF010265 Dasyuridae cristicauda M99465 U07578 Dasyuromorphi Parantechinus Parantechinus bilarni Dasykaluta Australia S L 0.577 0.582 0.033 0.015 M99457 a apicalis rosamondae U07588 Dasyuridae Pseudantechinus M99456 macdonnellensis M99458 Dasyuromorphi Planigale Planigale ingrami Antechinomys laniger Australia S L 1.048 1.082 0.021 0.036 U07591 a tenuirostris Planigale gilesi U10319 Dasyuridae AF001583 U07589 Dasyuromorphi Sminthopsis aitkeni Sminthopsis Sminthopsis hirtipes Australia S L 1.218 1.219 0.200 0.013 AF088919 a griseoventer Sminthopsis AF088926 Dasyuridae granulipes AF088927 AF088925 Dasyuromorphi Sminthopsis Sminthopsis archeri Sminthopsis Australia S L 1.491 1.550 0.025 0.011 AF088922 a dolichura youngsoni AF088920 Dasyuridae Sminthopsis AF088935 psammophila AF088932 Dasyuromorphi Sminthopsis Sminthopsis hirtipes Sminthopsis Australia S L 1.376 1.401 0.011 0.015 AF088925

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n t e s a granulipes griseoventer AF088927 Dasyuridae Sminthopsis aitkeni AF088926 AF088919 Dasyuromorphi Sminthopsis Sminthopsis virginiae Sminthopsis douglasi Australia S L 1.546 1.618 0.007 0.017 AF001582 a macroura Sminthopsis bindi AF088934 Dasyuridae AF088923 AF088921 Didelphimorphi Monodelphis Monodelphis Monodelphis adusta America S E 3.178 4.133 0.000 0.007 DQ386624 a osgoodi handleyi Monodelphis DQ386630 Marmosidae brevicaudata DQ386619 AJ606462 Didelphimorphi Philander frenata Philander mcilhennyi Didelphis marsupialis America S L 1.098 1.068 0.013 0.011 U34679 a Didelphis albiventris U34680 Didelphidae U34665 U34667 Insectivora Chimarrogale Chimarrogale Anourosorex Eurasia N L 0.831 0.832 0.022 0.007 AY526742 Soricidae himalayica phaeura yamashina AY526744 Neomys fodiens AB175089 AB175098 Insectivora Crocidura Crocidura attenuata Crocidura Eurasia N L 0.845 0.844 0.017 0.007 AB077059 Soricidae dsinezumi wuchihensis AB175082 Crocidura fuliginosa AB175085 AB175079 Insectivora Crocidura Crocidura goliath Crocidura theresae Africa S L 1.706 1.553 0.052 0.005 DQ305258 Soricidae flavescens Crocidura hirta DQ305233 DQ305278 DQ305234 Insectivora Crocidura lasiura Crocidura kurodai Crocidura Eurasia N L 0.972 0.817 0.064 0.016 AB077071 Soricidae wuchihensis AB062686

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Crocidura dsinezumi AB175085 AB077059 Insectivora Mogera imaizumii Mogera insularis Mogera tokudae Eurasia N L 1.916 1.573 0.000 0.022 AB037609 Talipidae Euroscaptor mizura AB037606 AB037607 AB037604 Insectivora Scapanus orarius Scapanus latimanus Scalopus aquaticus America N L 2.698 2.395 0.081 0.008 AB076816 Talpidae Parascalops breweri AB076814 AB076809 AB076808 Insectivora Sorex hydrodromus Sorex jacksoni Sorex haydeni America N L 1.543 0.787 0.184 0.119 AY014931 Soricidae Sorex camtschatica AY014922 AY014938 AY014917 Insectivora Sorex portenkoi Sorex camtschatica Sorex preblei Eurasia N L 0.060 0.272 0.000 0.000 AY014921 Soricidae Sorex haydeni AY014917 AY014934 AY014938 Insectivora Blarina brevicauda Blarina carolinensis Cryptotis parva America N L 0.386 0.404 0.006 0.016 AF395469 Soricidae:. Blarina hylophaga AF395458 AF395483 AY546673 Isectivora Sorex araneus Sorex granarius Sorex tundrensis Eurasia N L 0.809 0.835 0.000 0.035 AJ312036 Soricidae Sorex coronatus AJ000417 AB244645 AJ000419 Isectivora Sorex cinereus Sorex longirostris Sorex hoyi America N L 2.272 2.671 0.000 0.098 AY014944 Soricidae Sorex preblei AY014953 AF238040

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AY014934 Isectivora Sorex trowbridgii Sorex saussurei Sorex alpinus America N L 1.924 1.664 0.013 0.010 AY014956 Soricidae Sorex tenellus AB175117 AB175120 AY014955 Isectivora Sorex tundrensis Sorex daphaenodon Sorex mirabilis Eurasia N L 0.776 0.696 0.000 0.000 AB244645 Soricidae Sorex samniticus America AB175126 AB062737 AJ000429 Isectivora Sorex vagrans Sorex ornatus Sorex sonomae America N L 1.501 1.671 0.011 0.039 AF238037 Soricidae Sorex fumeus AF238035 AF238025 AB175116 Lagomorpha Lepus americanus Lepus californicus Romerolagus diazi America N L 0.988 0.985 0.032 0.004 AY292733 Leporidae Pentalagus furnessi AY292731 AY292734 AY292720 Lagomorpha Lepus arcticus Lepus townsendii Lepus europaeus America N L 1.219 1.233 0.000 0.056 AF010153 Leporidae Lepus saxatilis AF009733 AF010162 AF009731 Lagomorpha Lepus oiostolus Lepus comus Oryctolagus Eurasia N E 1.940 2.157 0.000 0.153 AJ279426 Leporidae cuniculus AJ279403 Lepus hainanus AY292717 AY745115 Lagomorpha Lepus timidus Lepus capensis Lepus sinensis Europe N L 2.183 2.022 0.042 0.021 AY745107 Leporidae Lepus hainanus Africa AJ279411 AJ279420 AY745115

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Lagomorpha Ochotona collaris Ochotona princeps Ochotona America N L 0.732 0.864 0.019 0.014 AF348080 Ochotonidae huangensis AF272989 Ochotona AF272995 hyperborea AB053257 Lagomorpha Ochotona thomasi Ochotona daurica Ochotona Eurasia N E 4.808 3.289 0.081 0.010 AF272987 Ochotonidae huangensis AF273000 Ochotona AF272995 hyperborea AB053257 Lagomorpha Sylvilagus Sylvilagus floridanus Brachylagus America N E 1.188 1.017 0.029 0.012 AY292725 Leporidae obscurus idahoensis AY292724 Sylvilagus palustris AY292721 AY292727 Peramelemorph Perameles gunnii Perameles nasuta Echymipera kalubu Australia S L 0.748 0.747 0.345 0.086 AJ639872 a Isoodon macrourus M99466 Peramelidae U34682 AF139057 Primates Callicebus Callicebus Cacajao America S L 3.305 2.401 0.032 0.043 AF524884 Cebidae nigrifrons hoffmannsi melanocephalus AF524885 Pithecia irrorata AF524891 AY226183 Primates Eulemur macaco Eulemur coronatus Eulemur fulvus Africa S L 0.774 0.805 0.088 0.060 AF081049 Lemuridae Varecia variegata AY441448 AF081048 AF081047 Primates Lepilemur microdon Lepilemur edwardsi Lepilemur leucopus Africa S L 1.344 1.471 0.052 0.110 DQ109008 Megaladaphida Lepilemur DQ109006 e septentrionalis DQ109007 DQ109021 Primates Microcebus Microcebus Eulemur rubriventer Africa S L 2.489 1.954 0.030 0.029 DQ979916

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Cheirogaleidae griseorufus ravelobensis Cheirogaleus medius AF285530 AF081052 AY441458 Primates Propithecus Propithecus tattersalli Propithecus diadema Africa S L 1.116 1.399 0.000 0.000 AF285528 Indriidae verrauxi Avahi laniger U53573 AY441452 DQ451106 Rodentia Abrothrix andinus Abrothrix olivaceus Akodon jelskii America S E 0.532 0.433 0.058 0.067 AF108671 Cricetidae Akodon longipilis AF297878 M35714 U03530 Rodentia Acomys russatus Acomys ignitus Lophuromys sikapusi Africa NS L 1.001 1.021 0.031 0.022 Z96065 Muridae Acomys Z96064 spinosissimus AJ012023 AJ010558 Rodentia Akodon montensis Akodon cursor Akodon subfuscus America S E 0.998 1.039 0.021 0.034 AY273905 Muridae Akodon boliviensis AF184051 M35695 M35691 Rodentia Akodon mystax Akodon paranaensis Akodon reigi America S E 1.609 1.407 0.000 0.084 AY273907 Muridae Akodon montensis AY195866 AY195865 AY273905 Rodentia Akodon spegazzinii Akodon subfuscus Akodon lindberghi America S L 1.373 1.387 0.040 0.034 AY196165 Muridae Akodon azarae M35695 AF184057 DQ444328 Rodentia Akodon torques Akodon aerosus Akodon mimus America S E 2.893 1.825 0.011 0.044 M35700 Muridae Akodon subfuscus M35704

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M35710 M35695 Rodentia Alticola strelzowi Alticola argentatus Alticola barakshin Eurasia N L 1.167 1.151 0.080 0.029 DQ845190 Muridae Alticola macrotis DQ845186 DQ845194 AF119273 Rodentia Apodemus alpicola Apodemus sylvaticus Apodemus flavicollis Eurasia, N E 2.305 2.221 0.018 0.011 AF159391 Muridae Apodemus uralensis Africa AF159395 AF159392 AY389021 Rodentia Arborimus Arborimus pomo Alticola macrotis America N L 0.482 0.252 0.027 0.093 AY338766 Cricetidae longicaudus Phenacomys AY338822 intermedius AF119273 AY338820 Rodentia Auliscomys pictus Auliscomys sublimus Auliscomys micropus America S E 1.353 1.335 0.006 0.016 U03545 Muridae Phyllotis wolffsohni U86816 AY275122 U86834 Rodentia Batomys granti Batomys Pelomys campanae Eurasia SN L 0.643 0.772 0.010 0.021 AY324458 Muridae salomonseni Phloeomys cumingi Oceania DQ191471 AF141213 DQ191484 Rodentia Bolomys amoenus Bolomys urichi Akodon nigrita America S E 0.808 0.807 0.013 0.048 AY273911 Muridae Bolomys lasiurus AY273919 AF108666 U03528 Rodentia Bullimus luzonicus Bullimus bagobus Rattus tanezumi Eurasia N L 1.777 1.736 0.019 0.044 DQ191474 Muridae Sundamys muelleri DQ191472

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AB211042 AM408340 Rodentia Cavia tschudii Cavia aperea Dolichotis patagonum America S E 0.500 0.573 0.039 0.018 DQ017049 Cavidae Microcavia niata AY382791 AY382787 AY382788 Rodentia Crunomys Crunomys melanius Niviventer rapit Eurasia N E 0.589 0.588 0.007 0.077 DQ191478 Muridae suncoides Maxomys whiteheadi DQ191477 DQ191483 DQ191481 Rodentia Ctenomys frater Ctenomys conoveri Ctenomys leucodon America S E 0.855 0.935 0.041 0.044 AF007046 Ctenomyidae Ctenomys boliviensis AF007054 AF007056 AF155869 Rodentia Ctenomys maulinus Ctenomys boliviensis Ctenomys America S L 1.124 1.130 0.029 0.122 AF370703 Ctenomyidae coyhaiquensis AF155869 Ctenomys AF119112 magellanicus AF370690 Rodentia Ctenomys Ctenomys flamarioni Ctenomys maulinus America S L 2.164 1.971 0.000 0.059 AF370696 Ctenomyidae mendocinus Ctenomys pearsoni AF119107 AF370703 AF119108 Rodentia Cynomys leucurus Cynomys gunnisoni Cynomys mexicanus America N L 0.304 0.315 0.045 0.200 AF157879 Sciuridae Cynomys parvidens AF157923 AF157842 AF157922 Rodentia Cynomys Cynomys mexicanus Cynomys parvidens America N L 0.254 0.281 0.210 0.000 AF157892 Sciuridae ludovicianus Spermophilus AF157842 perotensis AF157922

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AF157840 Rodentia Delomys dorsalis Delomys sublineatus Abrothrix andinus Africa S L 1.326 1.415 0.014 0.033 AF108686 Muridae Sigmodon hispidus AF108687 AF108671 AF108702 Rodentia Dipodomys elator Dipodomys phillipsii Dipodomys America N L 1.956 1.592 0.021 0.038 AF172834 Heteromyidae nitratoides AF172835 Dipodomys ordii AY926372 AF172836 Rodentia Eligmodontia Eligmodontia typus Eligmodontia America S E 1.317 0.861 0.046 0.018 AF159289 Muridae puerulus morgani AF108692 Calomys lepidus AF108691 AF385607 Rodentia Ellobius tancrei Ellobius fuscocapillus Alticola macrotis Eurasia N L 1.289 1.329 0.021 0.036 AF119270 Muridae Clethrionomys AF126430 glareolus AF119273 AF119272 Rodentia Eospalax baileyi Eospalax rothschildi Myospalax psilurus Eurasia N E 1.931 2.041 0.017 0.020 EF530743 Muridae Eospalax fontanierii AF326267 AF326270 AF326264 Rodentia Geomys Geomys tropicalis Geomys attwateri America N L 1.503 1.819 0.084 0.086 AY393951 Geomyidae personatus Geomys streckeri AY393970 AY393938 AY393967 Rodentia Gerbilliscus Gerbilliscus vicinus Gerbilliscus guineae Africa N L 0.958 0.841 0.086 0.048 AM409372 Muridae robustus Gerbilliscus S AM409376 nigricaudus AM409379 AM409377

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Rodentia Glaucomys Glaucomys volans Tamias townsendii America N L 3.698 1.794 0.008 0.024 AF359213 Sciuridae sabrinus Cynomys AF157921 ludovicianus AF147676 AF157892 Rodentia Hylopetes phayrei Hylopetes lepidus Eoglaucomys Eurasia N L 0.687 0.666 0.013 0.025 AB126252 Sciuridae fimbriatus AB126251 Glaucomys volans AB126248 AF157921 Rodentia Juliomys rimofrons Juliomys pictipes Thomasomys notatus America S E 1.436 1.334 0.028 0.004 AY029476 Cricetidae Akodon montensis EF127514 AF108676 AY273905 Rodentia Lagidium viscacia Lagidium peruanum Myoprocta acouchy America S L 1.317 1401. 0.000 0.013 AY254886 Chinchillidaeida Octodon degus 400 AY254885 e AF437781 AF007059 Rodentia Liomys irroratus Liomys pictus Liomys salvini America N E 1.343 1.382 0.010 0.017 DQ168500 Heteromyidae Heteromys gaumeri DQ168532 DQ168543 AJ389536 Rodentia Marmota broweri Marmota menzbieri Marmota monax Eurasia N L 0.962 0.970 0.131 0.030 AF143918 Sciuridae Marmota marmota America AF143931 AF100719 AF143929 Rodentia Mastomys coucha Mastomys huberti Mastomys pernanus Africa N/ L 1.365 1.462 0.021 0.024 AF518334 Muridae Mastomys verheyeni S AY751288 AF518343 DQ022378 Rodentia Meriones crassus Meriones rex Meriones meridianus Africa N L 1.413 1.467 0.061 0.061 AJ851267

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Muridae Meriones libycus Eurasia AJ851265 AJ851268 AJ851266 Rodentia Mesocricetus Mesocricetus brandti Mesocricetus auratus Eurasia N L 1.332 1.131 0.026 0.010 AJ973381 Muridae newtoni Mesocricetus raddei AJ973380 AJ973379 AJ973383 Rodentia Mesocricetus Mesocricetus auratus Mesocricetus brandti Eurasia N L 2.240 2.015 0.000 0.056 AJ973383 Muridae raddei Mesocricetus newtoni AJ973379 AJ973380 AJ973381 Rodentia Microtus Microtus oregoni Microtus America N E 1.146 1.183 0.030 0.030 AF187230 Muridae longicaudis xanthognathus AF163903 Microtus townsendii AF163907 AF119280 Rodentia Microtus montanus Microtus Microtus townsendii America N E 1.274 1.355 0.008 0.000 AF119280 Muridae pennsylvanicus Microtus longicaudus AF119279 AF163906 AF187230 Rodentia Microtus Microtus kikuchii Microtus montbelli Eurasia/ N L 1.502 1.524 0.027 0.032 AY220028 Muridae oeconomus Microtus middendorffi America AF163896 AF163900 AF163898 Rodentia Microtus pinetorum Microtus quasiater Microtus umbrosus America N L 0.432 0.454 0.011 0.032 AF163904 Muridae Microtus miurus AF410259 AF410261 AF163899 Rodentia Microtus Microtus ochrogaster Microtus californicus America N L 0.874 1.056 0.027 0.022 AF163907 Muridae xanthognathus Microtus agretis DQ432006

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AF163891 AF159402 Rodentia Mus pahari Mus crociduroides Mus setulosus Eurasia N L 1.381 1.524 0.007 0.021 AY057814 Muridae Apodemus flavicollis AJ698878 AJ875083 AF159392 Rodentia Neotoma cinerea Neotoma mexicana Hodomys alleni America N L 0.445 0.403 0.012 0.025 DQ179859 Muridae Xenomys nelsoni AF294346 DQ179810 AF307838 Rodentia Niviventer rapit Niviventer Niviventer culturatus Eurasia N E 1.388 1.373 0.003 0.014 DQ191483 Muridae cremoriventer Sundamys muelleri EF053032 EF053029 DQ191490 Rodentia Oligoryzomys Oligoryzomys Oligoryzomys America S E 1.191 1.144 0.157 0.122 AY452200 Muridae andinus chacoensis nigripes AY275706 Oligoryzomys DQ825987 microtis AY439000 Rodentia Oligoryzomys Oligoryzomys fornesi Oligoryzomys America S L 2.082 2.013 0.014 0.191 AF346567 Muridae longicaudatus chacoensis AY452199 Oligoryzomys AY275706 stramineus DQ826026 Rodentia Onychomys Onychomys arenicola Osgoodomys America N L 2.150 2.131 0.026 0.020 AY195794 Muridae leucogaster banderanus AY195793 Reithrodontomys AF155383 megalotis AF108707 Rodentia Oryzomys palustris Oryzomys couesi Oryzomys alfaroi America N L 2.575 2.277 0.029 0.000 DQ370031 Muridae Oryzomys yunganus DQ185384 DQ224409

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DQ224408 Rodentia Oryzomys russatus Oryzomys Oryzomys yunganus America S L 1.110 1.058 0.006 0.032 DQ826028 Muridae emmonsae Oryzomys lamia AF251525 DQ224408 AF181273 Rodentia Perognathus Perognathus Perognathus parvus America N L 1.016 0.996 0.024 0.044 AY926410 Heteromyidae fasciatus flavescens Perognathus flavus AY926411 AY926406 AY926405 Rodentia Peromyscus Peromyscus difficilis Neotomodon alstoni America N L 1.011 0.993 0.019 0.025 AF155384 Muridae attwateri Peromyscus boylii AY376418 AY195796 AF155386 Rodentia Peromyscus beatae Peromyscus levipes Peromyscus America N L 1.016 1.089 0.009 0.017 AF131919 Muridae winkelmanni DQ000477 Peromyscus stephani AF131930 AF155411 Rodentia Petaurista Petaurista elegans Pteromys momonga Eurasia N L 4.108 2.893 0.134 0.021 AB092616 Sciuridae leucogenys Pteromys volans AB092610 AB164676 AB164674 Rodentia Phyllotis andium Phyllotis amicus Phyllotis wolfsohni America S E 1.964 1.875 0.043 0.025 AY956706 Muridae Phyllotis osilae U86817 U86834 U86828 Rodentia Phyllotis darwini Phyllotis magister Phylloltis andium America S L 0.705 0.699 0.014 0.022 AY956729 Muridae Phyllotis amicus AY956718 AY956706 AY956708

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Rodentia Rattus everetti Rattus praetor Rattus exulans Eurasia N L 0.781 0.706 0.019 0.023 DQ191485 Muridae Rattus tanezumi S DQ191487 DQ191486 AB211042 Rodentia Sciurus niger Sciurus stramineus Sciurus lis America N L 1.035 1.000 0.027 0.038 U10180 Sciuridae Sciurus vulgaris AB030025 AB192892 AB030027 Rodentia Sigmodon arizonae Sigmodon Sigmodon hispidus America N L 0.931 0.940 0.051 0.040 AF155423 Muridae mascotensis Sigmodon toltecus AF425215 AF425227 AF425226 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus America N L 5.310 6.290 0.028 0.181 AF157919 Sciuridae beecheyi atricapillus saturatus AF157944 Spermophilus AF157916 variegatus AF157854 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus Euroasia N L 1.277 1.275 0.254 0.078 AM691661 Sciuridae citellus xanthoprymnus dauricus AF157902 Spermophilus AF157899 suslicus AF157895 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus parryii America N E 2.010 2.375 0.136 0.052 AF157839 Sciuridae elegans richardsoni Spermophilus AF157914 armatus AY427977 AF157850 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus America N L 0.873 0.955 0.062 0.109 AF157916 Sciuridae saturatus madrensis beecheyi AF157946 Spermophilus AF157919 lateralis AF157887 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus America N L 1.076 1.076 0.031 0.029 AF157846

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n t e s

Sciuridae spilosoma perotensis mohavensis AF157840 Spermophilus AF157928 mexicanus AF157853 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus America N L 0.788 0.800 0.000 0.053 AF157877 Sciuridae tridecemlineatus mexicanus franklinii AF157853 Spermophilus AF157894 tereticaudus AF157941 Rodentia Sphiggurus villosus Sphiggurus melanura Coendou prehensilis America S L 1.438 1.405 0.026 0.069 AF407277 Erethizontidae Coendou bicolor AF411583 AF411582 U34851 Rodentia Stenocephalemys Myomys albipes Hylomyscus stella Africa N E 0.960 0.905 0.048 0.005 AF518369 Muridae albocaudata Myomys fumatus AF518346 AF518331 AF518352 Rodentia Synaptomys Synaptomys cooperi Arvicola terrestris America N L < 1.026 0.022 0.034 AF119259 Muridae borealis Dicrostonyx 1.000 DQ323957 groenlandicus AF119269 AF119268 Rodentia Tamias canipes Tamias durangae Tamias minimus America N L 1.715 1.595 0.000 0.025 AF147635 Sciuridae Tamias bulleri AF147642 AF147650 AF147634 Rodentia Tamias merriami Tamias obscurus Tamias amoenus America N L 1.803 1.810 0.089 0.000 AF147644 Sciuridae Tamias townsendii AF147651 AF147632 AF147676 Rodentia Tamias townsendii Tamias sonomae Tamias amoenus America N L 2.912 2.144 0.000 0.049 AF147676 Sciuridae Tamias merriami AF147669

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n t e s

AF147632 AF147644 Rodentia Thomasomys Thomasomys notatus Rhipidomys wetzeli America S E 2.255 2.353 0.032 0.038 U03540 Muridae aureus Chilomys instans AF108676 AF108680 AF108679 Rodentia Xerus inauris Xerus rutilus Spermophilus Africa NS L 0.299 0.417 0.016 0.011 AY452689 Sciuridae beecheyi /0 AY452690 Spermophilus AF157919 leptodactylus AF157865 Rodentia Ctenomys Ctenomys Ctenomys boliviensis America S L 0.717 0.703 0.060 0.019 AF370690 Ctenomyidae magellanicus coyhaiquensis Ctenomys maulinus AF119112 AF155869 AF370703 Scandentia Tupaia chinensis Tupaia belangeri Tupaia longipes Eurasia N L 6.552 4.844 0.049 1.461 AY321636 Tupaiidae Tupaia glis DQ986459 AY321649 AY321639 N=North, S=South, E= Elevation, L=Latitude