<p> Table 3 is intended for online Supplemental Data </p><p>Table 3. Paired mammal species comparisons and relative rates of evolution. Branch length ratio is the ratio of the branch</p><p> length for the warmer (lower latitude or elevation) species relative to that for the cooler (higher latitude or elevation). The</p><p> dN/dS warmer is the ratio of the non-synonymous to synonymous substitution ratio for the low latitude or elevation</p><p> species and the dN/dS cooler is the ratio of the non-synonymous to synonymous ratio for the higher latitude or elevation</p><p> species. Accession numbers can be sequentially attributed to the species in a given row. C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>Carnivora Bassariscus Bassariscus Bassaricyon alleni America N L 0.379 0.413 0.026 0.056 AF498159 Procyonidae astutus sumichrasti Potos flavus DQ660301 DQ660299 DQ660304 Carnivora Galerella Galerella sanguinea Cynictis pencillata Africa S L 1.448 1.349 0.032 0.025 AF522330 Herpestidae pulverulenta Herpestes AF522331 ichneumon AY170106 AF511059 Carnivora Martes zibellina Martes melampus Mustela vison Eurasia N L 0.584 0.822 0.035 0.000 AF448243 Mustelidae Mustela erminea AB012350</p><p>1 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>AF057129 AF271060 Carnivora Mustela altaica Mustela nivalis Mustela vison Africa N E 1.318 1.443 0.008 0.011 AB026100 Mustelidae Mustela erminea Eurasia AB051241 America AF057129 AF271060 Carnivora Prionodon Prionodon linsang Viverra zibetha Eurasia N L 2.664 2.123 0.029 0.026 AF511048 Viverridae pardicolor Genetta genetta AF125141 AF511047 AY397697 Carnivora Pseudalopex Pseudalopex vetulus Vulpes vulpes America S L 1.726 1328. 0.000 0.000 EF106995 Canidae gymnocercus Nasua nasua 100 EF106996 X94929 DQ660303 Chiroptera Artibeus hirsutus Artibeus inopinatus Artibeus toltecus America N L 0.724 0.826 0.024 0.088 U66500 Phyllostomidae Artibeus obscurus U66501 U66515 DQ869392 Chiroptera Carollia subrufa Carollia benkeithi Carollia sowelli America N L 3.186 3.230 0.017 0.006 AF187023 Phyllostomidae Carollia perspicillata S DQ177282 AF511973 AF511974 Chiroptera Chiroderma doriae Chiroderma trinitatum Chiroderma salvini America S L 0.159 0.186 0.046 0.000 L28937 Phyllostomidae Chiroderma L28942 improvisum L28939 L28938 Chiroptera Eptesicus serotinus Eptesicus hottentotus Pipistrellus subflavus Eurasia N L 2.929 2.498 0.027 0.057 AF376837 Vespertilionidae Eptesicus fuscus and S AJ841963 Africa AJ504449</p><p>2 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>AF376835 Chiroptera Glossophaga leachi Glossophaga Glossophaga America N L 0.647 0.666 0.010 0.000 AF382876 Phyllostomidae longirostris morenoi AF382870 Glossophaga AF382879 commissarisi AF382883 Chiroptera Myotis bechsteini Myotis sicarius Myotis latirostris Eurasia N L 1.427 1.294 0.024 0.026 AF376843 Vespertilionidae Myotis horsfieldii AJ841951 AM262330 AF376851 Chiroptera Myotis emarginatus Myotis tricolor Myotis alcathoe Africa/ N L 2.089 1.795 0.014 0.021 AF376849 Vespertilionidae Myotis sicarius Eurasia AJ504409 AJ841955 AJ841951 Chiroptera Myotis macropus Myotis hasseltii Myotis macrotarsus Eurasia N L 0.783 0.784 0.015 0.054 AJ841959 Vespertilionidae Myotis horsfeldii AF376850 AF376855 AF376851 Chiroptera Myotis oxyotus Myotis levis Myotis chiloensis America S E 2.525 2.435 0.064 0.017 AF376865 Vespertilionidae Myotis albescens AF376853 AM261888 AF376839 Chiroptera Rhinolophus Rhinolophus Rhinolophus Eurasia N L 2.057 1.563 0.000 0.000 AB085709 Rhinolophidae cornutus monoceros pearsonii DQ297580 Rhinolophus DQ297587 ferrumequinum EF544417 Dasyuromorphi Antechinus flavipes Antechinus bellus Antechinus godmani Australia S L 0.585 0.600 0.006 0.020 U22422 a Antechinus leo AF038287 Dasyuridae AF038288 AF038289</p><p>3 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>Dasyuromorphi Dasyurus geoffroii Dasyurus spartacus Dasyurus Australia S L 1.140 1.628 0.021 0.031 AF010266 a albopunctatus New U07581 Dasyuridae Dasyurus maculatus Guinea U07580 M99461 Dasyuromorphi Dasyurus viverrinus Dasyurus Dasyurus maculatus Australia S L 0.766 0.720 0.012 0.003 U07582 a albopunctatus Dasyurus geoffroii New U07580 Dasyuridae Guinea M99461 AF010266 Dasyuromorphi Myoictis wavicus Myoictis wallacei Sarcophilus harrisii New S E 0.496 0.497 0.026 0.033 AY609360 a Dasycercus Guinea AF010265 Dasyuridae cristicauda M99465 U07578 Dasyuromorphi Parantechinus Parantechinus bilarni Dasykaluta Australia S L 0.577 0.582 0.033 0.015 M99457 a apicalis rosamondae U07588 Dasyuridae Pseudantechinus M99456 macdonnellensis M99458 Dasyuromorphi Planigale Planigale ingrami Antechinomys laniger Australia S L 1.048 1.082 0.021 0.036 U07591 a tenuirostris Planigale gilesi U10319 Dasyuridae AF001583 U07589 Dasyuromorphi Sminthopsis aitkeni Sminthopsis Sminthopsis hirtipes Australia S L 1.218 1.219 0.200 0.013 AF088919 a griseoventer Sminthopsis AF088926 Dasyuridae granulipes AF088927 AF088925 Dasyuromorphi Sminthopsis Sminthopsis archeri Sminthopsis Australia S L 1.491 1.550 0.025 0.011 AF088922 a dolichura youngsoni AF088920 Dasyuridae Sminthopsis AF088935 psammophila AF088932 Dasyuromorphi Sminthopsis Sminthopsis hirtipes Sminthopsis Australia S L 1.376 1.401 0.011 0.015 AF088925</p><p>4 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s a granulipes griseoventer AF088927 Dasyuridae Sminthopsis aitkeni AF088926 AF088919 Dasyuromorphi Sminthopsis Sminthopsis virginiae Sminthopsis douglasi Australia S L 1.546 1.618 0.007 0.017 AF001582 a macroura Sminthopsis bindi AF088934 Dasyuridae AF088923 AF088921 Didelphimorphi Monodelphis Monodelphis Monodelphis adusta America S E 3.178 4.133 0.000 0.007 DQ386624 a osgoodi handleyi Monodelphis DQ386630 Marmosidae brevicaudata DQ386619 AJ606462 Didelphimorphi Philander frenata Philander mcilhennyi Didelphis marsupialis America S L 1.098 1.068 0.013 0.011 U34679 a Didelphis albiventris U34680 Didelphidae U34665 U34667 Insectivora Chimarrogale Chimarrogale Anourosorex Eurasia N L 0.831 0.832 0.022 0.007 AY526742 Soricidae himalayica phaeura yamashina AY526744 Neomys fodiens AB175089 AB175098 Insectivora Crocidura Crocidura attenuata Crocidura Eurasia N L 0.845 0.844 0.017 0.007 AB077059 Soricidae dsinezumi wuchihensis AB175082 Crocidura fuliginosa AB175085 AB175079 Insectivora Crocidura Crocidura goliath Crocidura theresae Africa S L 1.706 1.553 0.052 0.005 DQ305258 Soricidae flavescens Crocidura hirta DQ305233 DQ305278 DQ305234 Insectivora Crocidura lasiura Crocidura kurodai Crocidura Eurasia N L 0.972 0.817 0.064 0.016 AB077071 Soricidae wuchihensis AB062686</p><p>5 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>Crocidura dsinezumi AB175085 AB077059 Insectivora Mogera imaizumii Mogera insularis Mogera tokudae Eurasia N L 1.916 1.573 0.000 0.022 AB037609 Talipidae Euroscaptor mizura AB037606 AB037607 AB037604 Insectivora Scapanus orarius Scapanus latimanus Scalopus aquaticus America N L 2.698 2.395 0.081 0.008 AB076816 Talpidae Parascalops breweri AB076814 AB076809 AB076808 Insectivora Sorex hydrodromus Sorex jacksoni Sorex haydeni America N L 1.543 0.787 0.184 0.119 AY014931 Soricidae Sorex camtschatica AY014922 AY014938 AY014917 Insectivora Sorex portenkoi Sorex camtschatica Sorex preblei Eurasia N L 0.060 0.272 0.000 0.000 AY014921 Soricidae Sorex haydeni AY014917 AY014934 AY014938 Insectivora Blarina brevicauda Blarina carolinensis Cryptotis parva America N L 0.386 0.404 0.006 0.016 AF395469 Soricidae:. Blarina hylophaga AF395458 AF395483 AY546673 Isectivora Sorex araneus Sorex granarius Sorex tundrensis Eurasia N L 0.809 0.835 0.000 0.035 AJ312036 Soricidae Sorex coronatus AJ000417 AB244645 AJ000419 Isectivora Sorex cinereus Sorex longirostris Sorex hoyi America N L 2.272 2.671 0.000 0.098 AY014944 Soricidae Sorex preblei AY014953 AF238040</p><p>6 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>AY014934 Isectivora Sorex trowbridgii Sorex saussurei Sorex alpinus America N L 1.924 1.664 0.013 0.010 AY014956 Soricidae Sorex tenellus AB175117 AB175120 AY014955 Isectivora Sorex tundrensis Sorex daphaenodon Sorex mirabilis Eurasia N L 0.776 0.696 0.000 0.000 AB244645 Soricidae Sorex samniticus America AB175126 AB062737 AJ000429 Isectivora Sorex vagrans Sorex ornatus Sorex sonomae America N L 1.501 1.671 0.011 0.039 AF238037 Soricidae Sorex fumeus AF238035 AF238025 AB175116 Lagomorpha Lepus americanus Lepus californicus Romerolagus diazi America N L 0.988 0.985 0.032 0.004 AY292733 Leporidae Pentalagus furnessi AY292731 AY292734 AY292720 Lagomorpha Lepus arcticus Lepus townsendii Lepus europaeus America N L 1.219 1.233 0.000 0.056 AF010153 Leporidae Lepus saxatilis AF009733 AF010162 AF009731 Lagomorpha Lepus oiostolus Lepus comus Oryctolagus Eurasia N E 1.940 2.157 0.000 0.153 AJ279426 Leporidae cuniculus AJ279403 Lepus hainanus AY292717 AY745115 Lagomorpha Lepus timidus Lepus capensis Lepus sinensis Europe N L 2.183 2.022 0.042 0.021 AY745107 Leporidae Lepus hainanus Africa AJ279411 AJ279420 AY745115</p><p>7 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>Lagomorpha Ochotona collaris Ochotona princeps Ochotona America N L 0.732 0.864 0.019 0.014 AF348080 Ochotonidae huangensis AF272989 Ochotona AF272995 hyperborea AB053257 Lagomorpha Ochotona thomasi Ochotona daurica Ochotona Eurasia N E 4.808 3.289 0.081 0.010 AF272987 Ochotonidae huangensis AF273000 Ochotona AF272995 hyperborea AB053257 Lagomorpha Sylvilagus Sylvilagus floridanus Brachylagus America N E 1.188 1.017 0.029 0.012 AY292725 Leporidae obscurus idahoensis AY292724 Sylvilagus palustris AY292721 AY292727 Peramelemorph Perameles gunnii Perameles nasuta Echymipera kalubu Australia S L 0.748 0.747 0.345 0.086 AJ639872 a Isoodon macrourus M99466 Peramelidae U34682 AF139057 Primates Callicebus Callicebus Cacajao America S L 3.305 2.401 0.032 0.043 AF524884 Cebidae nigrifrons hoffmannsi melanocephalus AF524885 Pithecia irrorata AF524891 AY226183 Primates Eulemur macaco Eulemur coronatus Eulemur fulvus Africa S L 0.774 0.805 0.088 0.060 AF081049 Lemuridae Varecia variegata AY441448 AF081048 AF081047 Primates Lepilemur microdon Lepilemur edwardsi Lepilemur leucopus Africa S L 1.344 1.471 0.052 0.110 DQ109008 Megaladaphida Lepilemur DQ109006 e septentrionalis DQ109007 DQ109021 Primates Microcebus Microcebus Eulemur rubriventer Africa S L 2.489 1.954 0.030 0.029 DQ979916</p><p>8 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>Cheirogaleidae griseorufus ravelobensis Cheirogaleus medius AF285530 AF081052 AY441458 Primates Propithecus Propithecus tattersalli Propithecus diadema Africa S L 1.116 1.399 0.000 0.000 AF285528 Indriidae verrauxi Avahi laniger U53573 AY441452 DQ451106 Rodentia Abrothrix andinus Abrothrix olivaceus Akodon jelskii America S E 0.532 0.433 0.058 0.067 AF108671 Cricetidae Akodon longipilis AF297878 M35714 U03530 Rodentia Acomys russatus Acomys ignitus Lophuromys sikapusi Africa NS L 1.001 1.021 0.031 0.022 Z96065 Muridae Acomys Z96064 spinosissimus AJ012023 AJ010558 Rodentia Akodon montensis Akodon cursor Akodon subfuscus America S E 0.998 1.039 0.021 0.034 AY273905 Muridae Akodon boliviensis AF184051 M35695 M35691 Rodentia Akodon mystax Akodon paranaensis Akodon reigi America S E 1.609 1.407 0.000 0.084 AY273907 Muridae Akodon montensis AY195866 AY195865 AY273905 Rodentia Akodon spegazzinii Akodon subfuscus Akodon lindberghi America S L 1.373 1.387 0.040 0.034 AY196165 Muridae Akodon azarae M35695 AF184057 DQ444328 Rodentia Akodon torques Akodon aerosus Akodon mimus America S E 2.893 1.825 0.011 0.044 M35700 Muridae Akodon subfuscus M35704</p><p>9 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>M35710 M35695 Rodentia Alticola strelzowi Alticola argentatus Alticola barakshin Eurasia N L 1.167 1.151 0.080 0.029 DQ845190 Muridae Alticola macrotis DQ845186 DQ845194 AF119273 Rodentia Apodemus alpicola Apodemus sylvaticus Apodemus flavicollis Eurasia, N E 2.305 2.221 0.018 0.011 AF159391 Muridae Apodemus uralensis Africa AF159395 AF159392 AY389021 Rodentia Arborimus Arborimus pomo Alticola macrotis America N L 0.482 0.252 0.027 0.093 AY338766 Cricetidae longicaudus Phenacomys AY338822 intermedius AF119273 AY338820 Rodentia Auliscomys pictus Auliscomys sublimus Auliscomys micropus America S E 1.353 1.335 0.006 0.016 U03545 Muridae Phyllotis wolffsohni U86816 AY275122 U86834 Rodentia Batomys granti Batomys Pelomys campanae Eurasia SN L 0.643 0.772 0.010 0.021 AY324458 Muridae salomonseni Phloeomys cumingi Oceania DQ191471 AF141213 DQ191484 Rodentia Bolomys amoenus Bolomys urichi Akodon nigrita America S E 0.808 0.807 0.013 0.048 AY273911 Muridae Bolomys lasiurus AY273919 AF108666 U03528 Rodentia Bullimus luzonicus Bullimus bagobus Rattus tanezumi Eurasia N L 1.777 1.736 0.019 0.044 DQ191474 Muridae Sundamys muelleri DQ191472</p><p>10 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>AB211042 AM408340 Rodentia Cavia tschudii Cavia aperea Dolichotis patagonum America S E 0.500 0.573 0.039 0.018 DQ017049 Cavidae Microcavia niata AY382791 AY382787 AY382788 Rodentia Crunomys Crunomys melanius Niviventer rapit Eurasia N E 0.589 0.588 0.007 0.077 DQ191478 Muridae suncoides Maxomys whiteheadi DQ191477 DQ191483 DQ191481 Rodentia Ctenomys frater Ctenomys conoveri Ctenomys leucodon America S E 0.855 0.935 0.041 0.044 AF007046 Ctenomyidae Ctenomys boliviensis AF007054 AF007056 AF155869 Rodentia Ctenomys maulinus Ctenomys boliviensis Ctenomys America S L 1.124 1.130 0.029 0.122 AF370703 Ctenomyidae coyhaiquensis AF155869 Ctenomys AF119112 magellanicus AF370690 Rodentia Ctenomys Ctenomys flamarioni Ctenomys maulinus America S L 2.164 1.971 0.000 0.059 AF370696 Ctenomyidae mendocinus Ctenomys pearsoni AF119107 AF370703 AF119108 Rodentia Cynomys leucurus Cynomys gunnisoni Cynomys mexicanus America N L 0.304 0.315 0.045 0.200 AF157879 Sciuridae Cynomys parvidens AF157923 AF157842 AF157922 Rodentia Cynomys Cynomys mexicanus Cynomys parvidens America N L 0.254 0.281 0.210 0.000 AF157892 Sciuridae ludovicianus Spermophilus AF157842 perotensis AF157922</p><p>11 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>AF157840 Rodentia Delomys dorsalis Delomys sublineatus Abrothrix andinus Africa S L 1.326 1.415 0.014 0.033 AF108686 Muridae Sigmodon hispidus AF108687 AF108671 AF108702 Rodentia Dipodomys elator Dipodomys phillipsii Dipodomys America N L 1.956 1.592 0.021 0.038 AF172834 Heteromyidae nitratoides AF172835 Dipodomys ordii AY926372 AF172836 Rodentia Eligmodontia Eligmodontia typus Eligmodontia America S E 1.317 0.861 0.046 0.018 AF159289 Muridae puerulus morgani AF108692 Calomys lepidus AF108691 AF385607 Rodentia Ellobius tancrei Ellobius fuscocapillus Alticola macrotis Eurasia N L 1.289 1.329 0.021 0.036 AF119270 Muridae Clethrionomys AF126430 glareolus AF119273 AF119272 Rodentia Eospalax baileyi Eospalax rothschildi Myospalax psilurus Eurasia N E 1.931 2.041 0.017 0.020 EF530743 Muridae Eospalax fontanierii AF326267 AF326270 AF326264 Rodentia Geomys Geomys tropicalis Geomys attwateri America N L 1.503 1.819 0.084 0.086 AY393951 Geomyidae personatus Geomys streckeri AY393970 AY393938 AY393967 Rodentia Gerbilliscus Gerbilliscus vicinus Gerbilliscus guineae Africa N L 0.958 0.841 0.086 0.048 AM409372 Muridae robustus Gerbilliscus S AM409376 nigricaudus AM409379 AM409377</p><p>12 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>Rodentia Glaucomys Glaucomys volans Tamias townsendii America N L 3.698 1.794 0.008 0.024 AF359213 Sciuridae sabrinus Cynomys AF157921 ludovicianus AF147676 AF157892 Rodentia Hylopetes phayrei Hylopetes lepidus Eoglaucomys Eurasia N L 0.687 0.666 0.013 0.025 AB126252 Sciuridae fimbriatus AB126251 Glaucomys volans AB126248 AF157921 Rodentia Juliomys rimofrons Juliomys pictipes Thomasomys notatus America S E 1.436 1.334 0.028 0.004 AY029476 Cricetidae Akodon montensis EF127514 AF108676 AY273905 Rodentia Lagidium viscacia Lagidium peruanum Myoprocta acouchy America S L 1.317 1401. 0.000 0.013 AY254886 Chinchillidaeida Octodon degus 400 AY254885 e AF437781 AF007059 Rodentia Liomys irroratus Liomys pictus Liomys salvini America N E 1.343 1.382 0.010 0.017 DQ168500 Heteromyidae Heteromys gaumeri DQ168532 DQ168543 AJ389536 Rodentia Marmota broweri Marmota menzbieri Marmota monax Eurasia N L 0.962 0.970 0.131 0.030 AF143918 Sciuridae Marmota marmota America AF143931 AF100719 AF143929 Rodentia Mastomys coucha Mastomys huberti Mastomys pernanus Africa N/ L 1.365 1.462 0.021 0.024 AF518334 Muridae Mastomys verheyeni S AY751288 AF518343 DQ022378 Rodentia Meriones crassus Meriones rex Meriones meridianus Africa N L 1.413 1.467 0.061 0.061 AJ851267</p><p>13 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>Muridae Meriones libycus Eurasia AJ851265 AJ851268 AJ851266 Rodentia Mesocricetus Mesocricetus brandti Mesocricetus auratus Eurasia N L 1.332 1.131 0.026 0.010 AJ973381 Muridae newtoni Mesocricetus raddei AJ973380 AJ973379 AJ973383 Rodentia Mesocricetus Mesocricetus auratus Mesocricetus brandti Eurasia N L 2.240 2.015 0.000 0.056 AJ973383 Muridae raddei Mesocricetus newtoni AJ973379 AJ973380 AJ973381 Rodentia Microtus Microtus oregoni Microtus America N E 1.146 1.183 0.030 0.030 AF187230 Muridae longicaudis xanthognathus AF163903 Microtus townsendii AF163907 AF119280 Rodentia Microtus montanus Microtus Microtus townsendii America N E 1.274 1.355 0.008 0.000 AF119280 Muridae pennsylvanicus Microtus longicaudus AF119279 AF163906 AF187230 Rodentia Microtus Microtus kikuchii Microtus montbelli Eurasia/ N L 1.502 1.524 0.027 0.032 AY220028 Muridae oeconomus Microtus middendorffi America AF163896 AF163900 AF163898 Rodentia Microtus pinetorum Microtus quasiater Microtus umbrosus America N L 0.432 0.454 0.011 0.032 AF163904 Muridae Microtus miurus AF410259 AF410261 AF163899 Rodentia Microtus Microtus ochrogaster Microtus californicus America N L 0.874 1.056 0.027 0.022 AF163907 Muridae xanthognathus Microtus agretis DQ432006</p><p>14 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>AF163891 AF159402 Rodentia Mus pahari Mus crociduroides Mus setulosus Eurasia N L 1.381 1.524 0.007 0.021 AY057814 Muridae Apodemus flavicollis AJ698878 AJ875083 AF159392 Rodentia Neotoma cinerea Neotoma mexicana Hodomys alleni America N L 0.445 0.403 0.012 0.025 DQ179859 Muridae Xenomys nelsoni AF294346 DQ179810 AF307838 Rodentia Niviventer rapit Niviventer Niviventer culturatus Eurasia N E 1.388 1.373 0.003 0.014 DQ191483 Muridae cremoriventer Sundamys muelleri EF053032 EF053029 DQ191490 Rodentia Oligoryzomys Oligoryzomys Oligoryzomys America S E 1.191 1.144 0.157 0.122 AY452200 Muridae andinus chacoensis nigripes AY275706 Oligoryzomys DQ825987 microtis AY439000 Rodentia Oligoryzomys Oligoryzomys fornesi Oligoryzomys America S L 2.082 2.013 0.014 0.191 AF346567 Muridae longicaudatus chacoensis AY452199 Oligoryzomys AY275706 stramineus DQ826026 Rodentia Onychomys Onychomys arenicola Osgoodomys America N L 2.150 2.131 0.026 0.020 AY195794 Muridae leucogaster banderanus AY195793 Reithrodontomys AF155383 megalotis AF108707 Rodentia Oryzomys palustris Oryzomys couesi Oryzomys alfaroi America N L 2.575 2.277 0.029 0.000 DQ370031 Muridae Oryzomys yunganus DQ185384 DQ224409</p><p>15 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>DQ224408 Rodentia Oryzomys russatus Oryzomys Oryzomys yunganus America S L 1.110 1.058 0.006 0.032 DQ826028 Muridae emmonsae Oryzomys lamia AF251525 DQ224408 AF181273 Rodentia Perognathus Perognathus Perognathus parvus America N L 1.016 0.996 0.024 0.044 AY926410 Heteromyidae fasciatus flavescens Perognathus flavus AY926411 AY926406 AY926405 Rodentia Peromyscus Peromyscus difficilis Neotomodon alstoni America N L 1.011 0.993 0.019 0.025 AF155384 Muridae attwateri Peromyscus boylii AY376418 AY195796 AF155386 Rodentia Peromyscus beatae Peromyscus levipes Peromyscus America N L 1.016 1.089 0.009 0.017 AF131919 Muridae winkelmanni DQ000477 Peromyscus stephani AF131930 AF155411 Rodentia Petaurista Petaurista elegans Pteromys momonga Eurasia N L 4.108 2.893 0.134 0.021 AB092616 Sciuridae leucogenys Pteromys volans AB092610 AB164676 AB164674 Rodentia Phyllotis andium Phyllotis amicus Phyllotis wolfsohni America S E 1.964 1.875 0.043 0.025 AY956706 Muridae Phyllotis osilae U86817 U86834 U86828 Rodentia Phyllotis darwini Phyllotis magister Phylloltis andium America S L 0.705 0.699 0.014 0.022 AY956729 Muridae Phyllotis amicus AY956718 AY956706 AY956708</p><p>16 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>Rodentia Rattus everetti Rattus praetor Rattus exulans Eurasia N L 0.781 0.706 0.019 0.023 DQ191485 Muridae Rattus tanezumi S DQ191487 DQ191486 AB211042 Rodentia Sciurus niger Sciurus stramineus Sciurus lis America N L 1.035 1.000 0.027 0.038 U10180 Sciuridae Sciurus vulgaris AB030025 AB192892 AB030027 Rodentia Sigmodon arizonae Sigmodon Sigmodon hispidus America N L 0.931 0.940 0.051 0.040 AF155423 Muridae mascotensis Sigmodon toltecus AF425215 AF425227 AF425226 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus America N L 5.310 6.290 0.028 0.181 AF157919 Sciuridae beecheyi atricapillus saturatus AF157944 Spermophilus AF157916 variegatus AF157854 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus Euroasia N L 1.277 1.275 0.254 0.078 AM691661 Sciuridae citellus xanthoprymnus dauricus AF157902 Spermophilus AF157899 suslicus AF157895 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus parryii America N E 2.010 2.375 0.136 0.052 AF157839 Sciuridae elegans richardsoni Spermophilus AF157914 armatus AY427977 AF157850 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus America N L 0.873 0.955 0.062 0.109 AF157916 Sciuridae saturatus madrensis beecheyi AF157946 Spermophilus AF157919 lateralis AF157887 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus America N L 1.076 1.076 0.031 0.029 AF157846</p><p>17 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>Sciuridae spilosoma perotensis mohavensis AF157840 Spermophilus AF157928 mexicanus AF157853 Rodentia Spermophilus Spermophilus Spermophilus America N L 0.788 0.800 0.000 0.053 AF157877 Sciuridae tridecemlineatus mexicanus franklinii AF157853 Spermophilus AF157894 tereticaudus AF157941 Rodentia Sphiggurus villosus Sphiggurus melanura Coendou prehensilis America S L 1.438 1.405 0.026 0.069 AF407277 Erethizontidae Coendou bicolor AF411583 AF411582 U34851 Rodentia Stenocephalemys Myomys albipes Hylomyscus stella Africa N E 0.960 0.905 0.048 0.005 AF518369 Muridae albocaudata Myomys fumatus AF518346 AF518331 AF518352 Rodentia Synaptomys Synaptomys cooperi Arvicola terrestris America N L < 1.026 0.022 0.034 AF119259 Muridae borealis Dicrostonyx 1.000 DQ323957 groenlandicus AF119269 AF119268 Rodentia Tamias canipes Tamias durangae Tamias minimus America N L 1.715 1.595 0.000 0.025 AF147635 Sciuridae Tamias bulleri AF147642 AF147650 AF147634 Rodentia Tamias merriami Tamias obscurus Tamias amoenus America N L 1.803 1.810 0.089 0.000 AF147644 Sciuridae Tamias townsendii AF147651 AF147632 AF147676 Rodentia Tamias townsendii Tamias sonomae Tamias amoenus America N L 2.912 2.144 0.000 0.049 AF147676 Sciuridae Tamias merriami AF147669</p><p>18 C H m C r B r s L d d D a a</p><p>Order/family Cooler Warmer Outgroups u o N N o e o r N a t t a b c i m i n m / / d A o o d d n s a t e</p><p> i p S S i c t l s A n</p><p> i a h</p><p> t p e c w c u r</p><p> h n c l o i t a e s i e e t o o r n o r s m l n e g n e s</p><p> t r e i r h o r a</p><p> n t e s</p><p>AF147632 AF147644 Rodentia Thomasomys Thomasomys notatus Rhipidomys wetzeli America S E 2.255 2.353 0.032 0.038 U03540 Muridae aureus Chilomys instans AF108676 AF108680 AF108679 Rodentia Xerus inauris Xerus rutilus Spermophilus Africa NS L 0.299 0.417 0.016 0.011 AY452689 Sciuridae beecheyi /0 AY452690 Spermophilus AF157919 leptodactylus AF157865 Rodentia Ctenomys Ctenomys Ctenomys boliviensis America S L 0.717 0.703 0.060 0.019 AF370690 Ctenomyidae magellanicus coyhaiquensis Ctenomys maulinus AF119112 AF155869 AF370703 Scandentia Tupaia chinensis Tupaia belangeri Tupaia longipes Eurasia N L 6.552 4.844 0.049 1.461 AY321636 Tupaiidae Tupaia glis DQ986459 AY321649 AY321639 N=North, S=South, E= Elevation, L=Latitude </p><p>19</p>