Name of the First Author

Title of Paper

Name of the first author University / Institute Email / Contact details

Name of the second author University / Institute Email / Contact details

Abstract

An abstract is a single paragraph, without indentation, that summarizes the key points of the seminar paper in 150 to 250 words. Use the “Abstract” style for writing the abstract. The “Abstract” style used in the present text has been spe- cified to use line spacing 1. The font is Arial throughout the seminar paper. In abstract text and body text the font size is Arial 12. Conclude the abstract by en- tering some key concepts, separated with a comma as follows:

Keywords: concept1, concept2, concept3

1 Style in the body text and headings

The seminar paper may a maximum of 10 pages long (including all pages). For- mulate the seminar paper by using this document as a template. It contains all the necessary settings. Do not deviate from these settings.

The margins used in the seminar paper are as follows: Bottom 2,5 cm, top 2,5 cm, left 4 cm and right 2 cm. When you write on this template using the Normal style, Word aligns the text in the chapter to both margins and also automatically hyphenates the document. According to these instructions, a gap, spacing, is also automatically left between paragraphs.

1.1 Body

Use the Normal style for the body text. The line spacing for this style is 1.5, and a spacing of one line is left at the end of paragraphs. Due to the spacing, you need not enter additional paragraph marks (i.e. press Enter) between the para-

1 graphs. Use justified text and hyphenation. The font is Arial throughout the seminar paper.

1.2 Headings

For headings, use the styles Heading 1, Heading 2 and Heading 3. Heading 1 is size 14, headings 2 and 3 are size 12. Spacing before the heading is 24 pt and after the heading it is 12 pt. In styles Heading 2 and Heading 3 the heading size is 12, the heading is in bold and spacing before and after the heading is 12 pt. Only capitalise the initial letter of the heading.

Do not number the heading if the heading has only a small amount of text under it, or if the heading does not have a pair (e.g. there is 2.1 but no 2.2), or if the style is Heading 4. However, also enter Heading 4 (a guidance heading) in bold.

2 Figures, graphs and tables

Refer verbally in the text to figures, graphs and tables: “Figure 1 shows...” An- other way is to enter a reference in brackets in the context, as in this sentence (Figure 1). You must number pictures and tables consecutively throughout the thesis (Figure 1, Figure 2... Figure 9).

Figures, graphs and tables begin at the tab point as the text, and you enter the number and heading below them as follows:

Figure 1. The figure heading.

Formulas

The text preceding formulas must refer to the formula by its number. Number formulas consecutively and enter the number in brackets on the right-hand side of the formula:

2 3 Referring to sources, the list of references

The Harvard system (i.e. the name/year system) of references must be used in the seminar paper. Footnotes are not allowed in the seminar paper.

The source reference includes the author’s last name, the source’s year of pub- lication, and, when necessary, the page numbers (Virtanen 2010, p. 21).

If there are two authors, enter both in the reference (Virtanen & Lahtinen 2011).

If there are more than two authors, enter all last names only once. After that enter only the last name of the first author, and replace the rest with “et al.” (Vir- tanen et al. 2011).

If you refer to sources by the same author, published in the same year, use lower case letters to distinguish the references (Virtanen 2010a).

If you refer to Internet sources, write Internet addresses only in the list of references.

List of references

Create the list of references in alphabetical order: by the last name of the author, or, if the author has not been mentioned, by the name of the source (the name of a book, article, PDF file, legal act, standard) or the name of a company or a website. Examples of sources:

E1 Construction regulations of Finland. Fire safety of buildings. Regulations and guidelines 2002. A decree by the Ministry of the Environment concerning the fire safety of buildings. http://www.finlex.fi/data/normit/10530-37-3762-4.pdf. Accessed on 29 November 2013.

Järvinen, J. & Lahtinen, L. 2009. Title of article. In Virtanen, B. (ed.) Name of compilation. Helsinki: Tammi.

Korhonen, A. 2011. Title of article. Name of journal 5, pp. 38–42.

Virtanen, P. 2010. Name of book. Porvoo: WSOY.