Mercury Distribution in Sediment Along Urban-Rural Gradient Around Shanghai (China)

Mercury distribution in sediment along urbanrural gradient around Shanghai (China): Implication for pollution history

Jing Yang†, Ling Chen†, Wei-Ling Shi†, Li-Zao Liu†, Yue Li†, Xiang-Zhou Meng*,†

† State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental

Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

*,†* Corresponding author phone: 86-21-65984261; fax: 86-21-65984261; e-mail: [email protected] † Tongji University

S1 Table S1. Sampling site description and physico-chemical parameters of surface sediment from 35 lakes from public parks around Shanghai

CUC DDU (n = 7) DIU (n = 5) SU (n = 18) (n = 5) Parameter Mea Range Mean Range Range Mean Range Mean n 1.2- Lake area (ha) 4.3 0.3-14.3 2.9 0.1-12.7 3.3 0.01-85.0 11.9 12.5 Depth (m) 1.5-3.0 2.0 1.5-3.2 2.1 1.5-2.6 1.9 1.5-3.0 2.2 3.7- Park area (ha) 42.3 2.2-81.9 23.2 1.2-131.0 37.3 1.2-1067 105.8 140.3 3.0- Basin ratio (%) 9.1 2.6-115.6 23.5 10.3-15.5 12.6 2.9-163.6 22.5 17.6 pH 7.6-7.9 7.7 7.8-8.6 8 7.7-8.5 8.1 7.8-8.8 8.1 TOC (%) 1.1-3.5 2.5 0.9-3.3 1.9 0.9-2.2 1.7 0.5-2.9 1.4 16.3- Clay (%) 16.5 6.4-46.6 29.7 13.8-37.1 22.9 0.9-73.9 27.7 16.9 19240- 2222 Fe (mg/kg dw) 22510 19320-25510 21700-24880 23060 14170-28080 22050 25860 0 CUC: the central urban core area (inside the inner-ring highway). DDU: the developed urban area (between the inner- and middle-ring highway). DIU: the developing urban area (between the middle- and outer-ring highway). SU: the suburban area (outside the outer-ring highway). TOC: total organic carbon.

S2 Table S2. Global comparison of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in lake surface sediment.

Location Site description THg MeHg (g/kg) Reference (g/kg) Baihua Lake, China Hg-mining area 260-38900 0.5-27.5 (6.1) Yan et al. (2008) Taihu Lake, China Near urban area (12900) 0.2-0.96 Wang et al. (2012a) Qinghai Lake, China Remote area 12-470 - Wang et al. (2010) Dianchi Lake, China Suburban area 31-67 0.43-3.0 (1.2) Wang et al. (2012b) Shihwa Lake, Korea Industrial area 99-580 0.026-0.67 Oh et al. (2010) Geneva Lake, Switzerland Urban area (290) 1.21-47.7 (12) Bravo et al. (2011) Ontario Lake, Canada Rural area 16-278 - Mills et al. (2007) Spring Lake, USA Rural area 120-1860 0-4.5 Hines et al. (2004) Ny-Ålesund Lake, Norway Arctic (930) 0.4-1.1 Jiang et al. (2011) Svalbard Lake, Norway Arctic 19.7-501 - Drevnick et al. (2012) Kusawa Lake, Canada Arctic (224) - Stern et al. (2009) Lakes in public parks, Shanghai, China Urban and suburban areas 30-230 0.02-0.24 (0.08) Present study 21-48 20-90 19-44 20.2-496 (113) Number in parentheses refers to mean.

S3 Figure S1. Location of 35 public parks in Shanghai selected along a urbanization

gradient from the central urban core area (inside the inner-ring highway)

to the suburban area (outside the outer-ring highway). The black belt lines

represent the inner-, middle- and outer-ring highways in Shanghai,

respectively.

S4 Figure S2. Depth profiles of excess 210Pb activity and 137Cs activity and calculated

radiometric age and sediment rate of the sediment core from the Luxun

Park in the central urban core area (CUC). The peak of 137Cs activity

indicate the year of 1963.

S5 References

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