<p>Mercury distribution in sediment along urbanrural gradient around Shanghai (China): Implication for pollution history</p><p>Jing Yang†, Ling Chen†, Wei-Ling Shi†, Li-Zao Liu†, Yue Li†, Xiang-Zhou Meng*,†</p><p>† State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental </p><p>Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China</p><p>*,†* Corresponding author phone: 86-21-65984261; fax: 86-21-65984261; e-mail: [email protected] † Tongji University</p><p>S1 Table S1. Sampling site description and physico-chemical parameters of surface sediment from 35 lakes from public parks around Shanghai</p><p>CUC DDU (n = 7) DIU (n = 5) SU (n = 18) (n = 5) Parameter Mea Range Mean Range Range Mean Range Mean n 1.2- Lake area (ha) 4.3 0.3-14.3 2.9 0.1-12.7 3.3 0.01-85.0 11.9 12.5 Depth (m) 1.5-3.0 2.0 1.5-3.2 2.1 1.5-2.6 1.9 1.5-3.0 2.2 3.7- Park area (ha) 42.3 2.2-81.9 23.2 1.2-131.0 37.3 1.2-1067 105.8 140.3 3.0- Basin ratio (%) 9.1 2.6-115.6 23.5 10.3-15.5 12.6 2.9-163.6 22.5 17.6 pH 7.6-7.9 7.7 7.8-8.6 8 7.7-8.5 8.1 7.8-8.8 8.1 TOC (%) 1.1-3.5 2.5 0.9-3.3 1.9 0.9-2.2 1.7 0.5-2.9 1.4 16.3- Clay (%) 16.5 6.4-46.6 29.7 13.8-37.1 22.9 0.9-73.9 27.7 16.9 19240- 2222 Fe (mg/kg dw) 22510 19320-25510 21700-24880 23060 14170-28080 22050 25860 0 CUC: the central urban core area (inside the inner-ring highway). DDU: the developed urban area (between the inner- and middle-ring highway). DIU: the developing urban area (between the middle- and outer-ring highway). SU: the suburban area (outside the outer-ring highway). TOC: total organic carbon.</p><p>S2 Table S2. Global comparison of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in lake surface sediment.</p><p>Location Site description THg MeHg (g/kg) Reference (g/kg) Baihua Lake, China Hg-mining area 260-38900 0.5-27.5 (6.1) Yan et al. (2008) Taihu Lake, China Near urban area (12900) 0.2-0.96 Wang et al. (2012a) Qinghai Lake, China Remote area 12-470 - Wang et al. (2010) Dianchi Lake, China Suburban area 31-67 0.43-3.0 (1.2) Wang et al. (2012b) Shihwa Lake, Korea Industrial area 99-580 0.026-0.67 Oh et al. (2010) Geneva Lake, Switzerland Urban area (290) 1.21-47.7 (12) Bravo et al. (2011) Ontario Lake, Canada Rural area 16-278 - Mills et al. (2007) Spring Lake, USA Rural area 120-1860 0-4.5 Hines et al. (2004) Ny-Ålesund Lake, Norway Arctic (930) 0.4-1.1 Jiang et al. (2011) Svalbard Lake, Norway Arctic 19.7-501 - Drevnick et al. (2012) Kusawa Lake, Canada Arctic (224) - Stern et al. (2009) Lakes in public parks, Shanghai, China Urban and suburban areas 30-230 0.02-0.24 (0.08) Present study 21-48 20-90 19-44 20.2-496 (113) Number in parentheses refers to mean.</p><p>S3 Figure S1. Location of 35 public parks in Shanghai selected along a urbanization </p><p> gradient from the central urban core area (inside the inner-ring highway) </p><p> to the suburban area (outside the outer-ring highway). The black belt lines</p><p> represent the inner-, middle- and outer-ring highways in Shanghai, </p><p> respectively.</p><p>S4 Figure S2. Depth profiles of excess 210Pb activity and 137Cs activity and calculated </p><p> radiometric age and sediment rate of the sediment core from the Luxun </p><p>Park in the central urban core area (CUC). The peak of 137Cs activity </p><p> indicate the year of 1963.</p><p>S5 References</p><p>Bravo AG, Bouchet S, Amouroux D, Poté J, Dominik J (2011) Distribution of mercury and organic matter in particle-size classes in sediments contaminated by a waste water treatment plant: Vidy Bay, Lake Geneva, Switzerland. J. Environ. Monit. 13: 974-982 Hines NA, Brezonik PL, Engstrom DR (2004) Sediment and porewater profiles and fluxes of mercury and methylmercury in a small seepage lake in northern Minnesota. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38: 6610-6617 Jiang S, Liu X, Chen Q (2011) Distribution of total mercury and methylmercury in lake sediments in Arctic Ny-Ålesund. Chemosphere 83: 1108-1116 Mills RB, Paterson AM, Blais JM, Lean DR, Smol JP, Mierle G (2009) Factors influencing the achievement of steady state in mercury contamination among lakes and catchments of south-central Ontario. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. 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