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Role of Select Courtiers and Officials at Lahore Darbar (1799- 1849)
ROLE OF SELECT COURTIERS AND OFFICIALS AT LAHORE DARBAR (1799- 1849) A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Social Sciences of the PUNJABI UNIVERSITY, PATIALA In Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY Supervised by Submitted by Dr. Kulbir Singh Dhillon Rajinder Kaur Professor & Head, Department of History, Punjabi University, Patiala DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY PUNJABI UNIVERSITY, PATIALA 2011 CONTENTS Chapter Page No Certificate i Declaration ii Preface iii-xiv Chapter – I 1-45 INTRODUCTION Chapter – II 46-70 ESTABLISHMENT OF CENTRAL SECRETARIAT Chapter – III 71-99 FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATORS Chapter – IV 100-147 MILITARY COMMANDANTS Chapter – V 148-188 CIVIL ADMINISTRATORS Chapter – VI 189-235 DARBAR POLITICS AND INTRIGUES (1839-49) CONCLUSION AND FINDINGS 236-251 GLOSSARY 252-260 APPENDIX 261-269 BIBLIOGRAPHY 270-312 PREFACE Maharaja Ranjit Singh was like a meteor who shot up in the sky and dominated the scene for about half a century in the History of India. His greatness cannot be paralleled by any of his contemporaries. He was a benign ruler and always cared for the welfare of his subjects irrespective of their caste or creed. The Maharaja had full faith in the broad based harmony and cooperation with which the Hindus and the Muslims lived and maintained peace and prosperity. The evidence of the whole hearted co-operation of the Hindu Courtiers, Generals and Administrators is not far to seek. The spirit of Maharaja Ranjit Singh's rule was secular. In the present thesis I have selected only the Hindu Courtiers and Officials at the Lahore Darbar. -
Stories from Sikh History Book VII-Maharaja Ranjit
Stories from . SIKH HISTORY Book-VII Hemkunt STORIES FROM SIKH HISTORY BOOK-VII (Maharaja Ranjit Singh & thereafter) Kartar Singh Gurdial Singh Dhillon Edited by P.M. Macormack ~ Hemkunt Press A-78 Nlnina IndL AmiPbase-I New Delhi-l10028 ©HemkuntPress 1975 Tenth Impression 1992 ISBN 81-7010-177-8 Price Rs. 22.50 IN THIS SERIES Book I (Guru Nanak Dev) Book II (Guru Angad to Guru Arjan Dev) Book In (Guru Hargobind to Guru Tegh Bahadur) Book IV (Guru Gobind Singh) Book V (Sikh Martyrs) Book VI (Banda Singh Bahadur) Book VII (Maharaja Ranjit Singh and thereafter) Foreword Moral and religious instruction, I am glad to find, is now being rehabilitated in our schools. Our country is secular, it is true, but there is no denying the fact that religious and moral education has a very useful function to seIVe. Modern psychology has emphasized that, if the child is given proper guidance at his fonnatic stages, it will greatly help integrate his personality. The example of the teacher and his relations with students leave a deep impression on the minds of students. Moral instruction, I feel, is bener given by example than by precept. .The great figures of the past, specially the heroes of his tory, have shown mankind how to fight successfully against evil and face the challenges, from time to time. In this book are told stories about Ranjit Singh, Maharaja of the Punjab. He did for India and Indians in general, and for the Punjab and Punjabis in particular, something unique. He freed his country-men from centuries old slavery of fie~e, fa natic, foreign rule. -
MAHARAJA RANJIT SINGH, COURT, and CULTURE: JRSP, Vol
MAHARAJA RANJIT SINGH, COURT, AND CULTURE: JRSP, Vol. 58, No 2 (April-June 2021) Khola Cheema* Tohid Ahmad** MAHARAJA RANJIT SINGH, COURT, AND CULTURE OF LAHORE DARBAR Abstract The study of the court and culture in Lahore Darbar under Maharaja Ranjit Singh is the primary purpose of this paper. Maharaja Ranjit Singh created an environment of peace and stability, resulting in the making of Lahore ‘center of cultural activities’. Another objective of this paper is to explore the significant developments in all domains of art and culture, and especially the impact of various religious traditions on the court and culture of Lahore Darbar. The overall development and new themes in Art, Painting, crafts, industries, luxury carpet waving, metalwork, astrological instruments, textile, vessel, gardens, and monuments are analyzed in this paper. A historical, analytical, and descriptive approach is adopted. Key Words: Ranjit Singh, Sikhs, Punjab, Court, Culture After becoming Maharaja of Punjab, Ranjit Singh provided an environment that permitted and encouraged the growth of the whole state’s cultural life. However, this aspect of his administration is not highlighted much because of his other essential and dominant characteristics. The most important thing in this respect was that Maharaja provided complete peace and harmony to the region from foreign invaders and eliminated internal chaos. That environment was essentially needed to encourage overall cultural activities, cultural development, and industrial growth in the region. Harmonious co-existence and patronage, provided by Maharaja to all communities and followers of every religion, took ‘Sikh art’ beyond the inflexible limitations. Hence Sikh Art & Culture can be seen as having much variety in its themes, inspirations, styles, methods, and techniques. -
Diwan Mul Raj
TRIAL O F, DIWAN MUL RAJ iidited with notes and inttcducticn BY S1TA RAM KOHLI, M.A., Deputy Keeper of Records of the Government, Punjab, ■ ( ■WT2?- •*s. si '&* , PUNJAB GOVERNMENT RECORD OFFICE Hi**** MONOGRAPH No. 14. LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT PUNJAB 1 9 7 1 TRIAL OF DIWAN MUL RAJ lldited with notes and inti c due tie n BY SITA RAM KOHLl, M.A., Deputy Keeper of Records of the Government, Punjab, PUNJAB GOVERNMENT RECORD OFFICE MONOGRAPH No. 14. LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT, PUNJAB 1 9 7 ] Repi educed By Director, Languages Department Punjab, Through Deputy Controller, Printing & Stationery Department Punjab, Patiala. Reprinted February, 1971 Price: Rs 5'lo Printed ae Offset Master Printers 6/8, Industrial Area, Kirn Nagar. New Delhi-15, Publisher’s Note It may look unprogressive to bring out another reprint of a book which was first published as far back as the later years of the nineteenth century. It is possible that lot of further research .might have taken place in this subject duriog the succeeding years, yet these works maintain their own reference value. The idea behind the present venture is 10 make available these rare works to most libraries and readers The British and other Western scholars rendered great service to this land and their works still have great bearing on the Language, Culture and History of the Punjab. The Languages Department has planned to bring out reprints of the most valuable works; including the present one, for the benefit of most readers, scholars and research workers. LAL SINGH Director Patiala Languages Department i February, 1971 Punjab. -
Use of Theses
Australian National University THESES SIS/LIBRARY TELEPHONE: +61 2 6125 4631 R.G. MENZIES LIBRARY BUILDING NO:2 FACSIMILE: +61 2 6125 4063 THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY EMAIL: [email protected] CANBERRA ACT 0200 AUSTRALIA USE OF THESES This copy is supplied for purposes of private study and research only. Passages from the thesis may not be copied or closely paraphrased without the written consent of the author. RETURN TO EMPIRE : THE SIKHS AND THE BRITISH IN THE PUNJAB, 183 9-1872 A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy ANDREW J. MAJOR The Australian National University, Canberra December 1981 ii DECLARATION This thesis is my own original work ANDREW J. MAJOR CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii ABBREVIATIONS viii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES xi MAPS xiii INTRODUCTION xvii CHAPTER ONE THE FRONTIER SOCIETY 1 Introduction 1 Region and subregion 3 Economic demography 5 Social organisation 11 Status and power 15 Residence and economic activity 25 Conclusion 30 CHAPTER TWO THE SIKH KINGDOM 31 Introduction 31 From misls to monarchy 32 The structure of Sikh government 40 Ranjit Singh and the chieftains 61 Conclusion 70 CHAPTER THREE THE COLLAPSE OF MONARCHICAL AUTHORITY, 1839-46 72 Introduction 72 The three crises of succession 74 A disrupted countryside 91 The first Anglo-Sikh war 98 Conclusion 114 CHAPTER FOUR THE BRITISH TAKEOVER'3 1846-49 124 Introduction 124 Informal control tested 130 Informal control extended 139 The supersession of the Sikhs 152 The general crisis of authority 162 Conclusion 179 -
Political Consciousness of Kashmiri Pandits in British India
World Wide Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development WWJMRD 2017; 3(9): 138-144 www.wwjmrd.com International Journal Peer Reviewed Journal Political Consciousness of Kashmiri Pandits in British Refereed Journal Indexed Journal India UGC Approved Journal Impact Factor MJIF: 4.25 e-ISSN: 2454-6615 Nitin Chandel Nitin Chandel Abstract Research Scholar The paper describes the role of Kashmiri Pandits in political mobilization during the British spell in Department Of History India and adjusted them with the changing milieu. The main focus of analysis is on the kinds of University Of Jammu, India professional choices they made and the position of power they occupied in their individual capacity in areas far away from their home land. The article mentions the migration of Pandits sometimes forceful and economical and their adjustment in India with receptive to education and their elevation to different arena which led to formation of association and finally politicized the Pandits in India. An important part of our analysis is to understand how this Diasporas of Kashmir Pandit retained their affinity or connectivity with the community to which they originally belonged. An integral part of our analysis is also to see how the migrant Kashmiri Pandits rose to prominence and also made substantial contribution in their respective area of habitation. The work analyses the role of Kashmiri Pandits in the freedom struggle of the country and their elevation of some of them to the important post in the Indian National Congress. The article pronounces the community consciousness through reform organisation which tends to build the progression of the Pandits in diverse arenas of social stature. -
The Kashmir Series
The Kashmir Series by Jia Lal Kilam Compiled by: Sunil Fotedar For KASHMIR NEWS NETWORK (KNN) ( http://ikashmir.org/ ) PDF created with FinePrint pdfFactory Pro trial version http://www.fineprint.com The Kashmir Series Page Intentionally Left Blank ii KASHMIR NEWS NETWORK (KNN). PDF created with FinePrint pdfFactory Pro trial version http://www.fineprint.com A History of Kashmiri Pandits TThhee KKaasshhmmiirr SSeerriieess by Jia Lal Kilam Published by: S. N. Dar Secretary Gandhi Memorial College, Managing Committee SRINAGAR, KASHMIR Compiled by: Sunil Fotedar Allen, Texas, USA August 2002 e-mail: [email protected] URL: http://SunilFotedar.com for KASHMIR NEWS NETWORK (KNN) ( http://ikashmir.org/ ) First Edition, September 2002 Copyright © 2000-2010 by Kashmir News Network (KNN) (http://ikashmir.org/) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part, or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission of Kashmir News Network. For permission regarding publication, send an e-mail to [email protected] KASHMIR NEWS NETWORK (KNN) iii PDF created with FinePrint pdfFactory Pro trial version http://www.fineprint.com PDF created with FinePrint pdfFactory Pro trial version http://www.fineprint.com The Kashmir Series Contents page Contents..........................................................................................................................................v 1 Preface..................................................................................................................................1-2 -
Ritual and Symbolism in the Anti-Infanticide Campaign in Early Colonial Punjab
95 Andrew Major: Ritualism and Symbolism in Colonial Punjab Ritual and Symbolism in the Anti-infanticide Campaign in Early Colonial Punjab Andrew J. Major Pannasastra University of Cambodia This paper is a preliminary exploration of a campaign mounted by the British in 1853 to eliminate female infanticide in the Punjab. It examines the form, rituals and symbolic intent of public meetings convened by the British for this purpose. It is suggested that such an examination throws new light on how the nascent ‘Punjab School’ of colonial administrators sought to adopt a morally activist and intrusive role with regard to Punjabi society, and how the Punjabi elites responded to that initiative. As the East India Company expanded its authority over northern India in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, official thinking demanded that newly- acquired authority be deployed to ‘reform’ Indian cultural and religious practices that were glaringly at odds with current Evangelical and Utilitarian principles. Consequently, Company officials readily identified a number of ‘social evils’ that needed to be investigated, reported, outlawed and eliminated - sati, thugi, dacoity, ‘hereditary’ criminality and female infanticide.1 The campaigns against sati and thugi are perhaps the best-known examples of this multi-dimensional attempt at Evangelical-Utilitarian social reform in early colonial India. Much less is known about the campaign to abolish female infanticide. This evil was first ‘discovered’ by the magistrate of Benares in 1789 and although it was regarded as particularly horrific, it was for a while regarded as a relatively rare and isolated practice confined to certain high-status Rajput clans. -
Entinel Email: [email protected] Vol
ASHMIR 'NAVREH MUBARAK' Let Truth Prevail K JKENG 00333/26/AL/TC/94 JK No: 1213/18 Regd. JK-219/2007 S entinel email: [email protected] Vol. 12, No: 3 March, 2007 Pages 20 Price Rs. 10/- INSIDE Editorial New Delhi braces upto meet ..............Page 3 New Delhi braces upto meet HISTORY *Kashmir Dispute The Myth...................Page 4 new security threats *When Nehru Confronted Samjhauta Grief Hope Communists.........Page 5 PERSPECTIVE Pakistan's restoration of Democracy should be an Indian Strategic Imperative............Page 6 REGIONAL AFFAIRS *Resurgence of Taliban-the Heroin Dimension............Page 7 *Bangladesh MOURNING THE UNKNOWN: People attend the mass burial of the unidentified victims of Samjhauta Express blasts at Mehrana Diary...................Page 7 village near Panipat Haryana (R) Rana Shaukat Ali with his only surviving child Aksa on way back home to Pakistan via Wagha. (Photo Courtesy PTI) SPECIAL REPORT *PK calls for abrogation By KS Correspondent strike in Srinagar. Hyderabad and other places. The lax security, however, of Art 370............Page 10 otwithstanding the Abu Mavia, a notorious ter- The timing of attack on does not absolve Pakistan of its brave words by Prime rorist operating in Rajouri and Samjauta Express which left 67 direct complicity in the attack. *PK interacts with N Minister Manmohan Poonch was eliminated on Feb- dead, was politically significant. There have been well-informed Media at Jammu...Page 11 Singh that "efforts we have made ruary 23, 2007. The mobile phone The incident brought into focus analyses on Pakistan objectives. are beginning to bring positive recovered by police from him re- the major security failures and Praveen Swami says, "In the DEBATE results", the situation on the vealed that the network of ter- the dubious game Pakistan was weeks before the bombing Islam- Mangols. -
The Successors of Maharaja Ranjit Singh (Period 1839 to 1849 A.D.)
THE SUCCESSORS OF MAHARAJA RANJIT SINGH (PERIOD 1839 TO 1849 A.D.) Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780 - 1839 A.D.) established a great Sikh State in the Punjab, the land of five rivers, a territory which stretched from river Sutlej in the East to Khaiber Pass in the North West and Kashmir in the North to Sind in the South. He ruled over his kingdom for forty years from 1799 to 1839 A.D. Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Punjab’s benevolent ruler, passed away at Lahore on June 27, 1839. There was universal mourning in the country. According to Fakir Syed Waheeduddin, there was a gentle shower after sometime. A pair of Pigeons came out of the sky and fell into the flames. In the words of R.C. Majumdar, the Sikhs were at the height of their power at the time of Ranjit’s exit from this world, but then it exploded, as General Sir J.H. Gordon puts it, “Disappearing in fierce but fading flames’. “After the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, there was no one strong and competent enough to succeed him. Consequently, there came a period of turbulence and anarchy inseparable from a series of disputed successions. One weak ruler after another was deposed in quick succession till 1843, when Duleep Singh, the youngest son of the late Maharaja, was crowned. Two strong factions, that is, Dogra brothers and Sandhanwalia Sardars, emerged soon after the demise of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Faqir brothers and Raja Dina Nath remained loyal to the Lahore Durbar. The above-mentioned two factions turned away from their duty to the Lahore Durbar and became MAHARAJA DULEEP SINGH – THE KING IN EXILE faithless and disloyal to the Sikh Kingdom. -
District Disaster Management Gurdaspur (2012-13)
District Disaster Management Plan Gurdaspur (2012-13) Office of Deputy Commissioner, Gurdaspur Government of Punjab Preface As per the government directions, in the state every district must have a District Disaster Management Plan. Accordingly, a draft of District Disaster Management Plan has been prepared for the district Gurdaspur. The District Disaster Management Plan is a key part of an emergency management. It will play a significant role to address the unexpected disasters that occur in the district effectively. The information available in DDMP is valuable in terms of its use during disaster. Based on the history of various disasters that occur in the district, the plan has been so designed as an action plan rather than a resource book. Utmost attention has been paid to make it handy, precise rather than bulky one. This plan has been prepared which is based on the guidelines provided by the National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM). During the time of disaster there will be a delay before outside help arrives. At first, self-help is essential and depends on a prepared community which is alert and informed. Efforts have been made to collect and develop this plan to make it more applicable and effective to handle any type of disaster. As a whole, this is a genuine effort of district administration to develop the plan and if you have any suggestions and comments are free to convey the same so that we can include them in the next annual plan. We are thankful to all the departments and persons of district who have provided us the vital information in time. -
Company Paintingана41/A158/A6 Southern India: Andhraана41/A14
Company Painting 41/A158/A6 Southern India: Andhra 41/A14 IM 5601924 41/A2 A horizontal scroll painting depicting Hindu deities Andhra or Tamilnadu (?), c1771 or c1779 IM 5611924 41/A34 A scroll drawing of the ten incarnations of Vishnu Andhra, c1771 or c1779 Southern India: Trichinopoly 41/A542/F7 4660:1 (IS) 41/A6 A washerman carrying a bundle of washing Trichinopoly, c186070 4660:2 (IS) 41/A7 An ayah in a blue choli carrying a china ewer and basin Trichinopoly, c186070 4660:3 (IS) 41/A8 A chaprasi wearing a sash with a badge of office, carrying a cane and standing in a compound with an office in the background Trichinopoly, c186070 4660:4 (IS) 41/A9 An ascetic holding a pellet drum (damaru) Trichinopoly, c1850 4660:5 (IS) 41/A10 A garlanded Shaivite ascetic, possibly of the Mariyamman cult, holding a sword in one hand and a stick and a cloth in the other Trichinopoly, c1850 4660:6 (IS) 41/A11 A dancing girl in a blue sari and red blouse Trichinopoly, c186070 4660:7 (IS) 41/A12 A sais with a flywhisk Trichinopoly, c186070 4660:8 (IS) 41/B1 A barber in a blue coat and red turban holding a razor Trichinopoly, c186070 4660:10 (IS) 41/B2 A cook in a red tunic and turban holding two chickens and a kettle Trichinopoly, c186070 4660:11 (IS) 41/B3 A basketmaker’s wife holding a baby and carrying a mat and a basket on her head Trichinopoly, c186070 4660:12 (IS) 41/B4 A SouthIndian woman, possibly an ayah, wearing a red skirt and a white wrap Trichinopoly, c186070 4660:13 (IS) 41/B5 A bearer