DOCSLIB.ORG

The Milky Way

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Milky Way Unit 4: The Milky Way This material was developed by the Friends of the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory with the assistance of a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council PromoScience grant and the NRC. It is a part of a larger project to present grade-appropriate material that matches 2020 curriculum requirements to help students understand planets, with a focus on exoplanets. This material is aimed at BC Grade 6 students. French versions are available. Instructions for teachers ● For questions and to give feedback contact: Calvin Schmidt [email protected], ​ ● All units build towards the Big Idea in the curriculum showing our solar system in the context of the Milky Way and the Universe, and provide background for understanding exoplanets. ● Look for Ideas for extending this section, Resources, and Review and discussion ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ questions at the end of each topic in this Unit. These should give more background on ​ each subject and spark further classroom ideas. We would be happy to help you ​ expand on each topic and develop your own ideas for your students. Contact us at ​ the [email protected]. ​ ​ Instructions for students ● If there are parts of this unit that you find confusing, please contact us at [email protected] for help. ​ ● We recommend you do a few sections at a time. We have provided links to learn more about each topic. ● You don’t have to do the sections in order, but we recommend that. Do sections you find interesting first and come back and do more at another time. ● It is helpful to try the activities rather than just read them. ● Explore the “Ideas for extending this section” and “Resources” sections at the end of each topic in this Unit - they aren’t just for teachers! Learning Objectives ● To appreciate the number of stars in the Milky Way ● To understand the basic structure of the Milky Way Galaxy viewed from above and the side ● To understand the physical components of the Milky Way: stars, planets, gas, dust, dark matter. Friends of the DAO - ExoExplorations - https://centreoftheuniverse.org/exoexplorations 1 ​ ● To understand our solar system’s location in the Milky Way, how that relates to the appearance of it in our sky, and how our solar system orbits the centre. ● To understand that most of it is unexplored Learning Outcomes ● Students will know that the Milky Way is made up of billions of stars but that it is so big we can only see stars that are closest to us or extremely bright. ● Students will know when the Milky Way can be seen from Canada, and recognizing it in both summer and winter ● Students will know that the Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy and can illustrate what it might look like ● Students will know how the Plaskett Telescope was used to find the shape, size and rotation of our galaxy. ● Students will know what kind of objects they are most likely to find in the plane of the Galaxy, and what type of objects are not likely to be found there. Materials and tools needed for the activities ● Activities 1, 3 and 4: Stellarium ○ You should make sure that you’ve installed Stellarium and know some of the basics as we’ve described in our Stellarium Introduction document. We will use it ​ ​ frequently in this unit. ● Activity 2: ○ Paper and coloring pencils. ○ Scissors (Optional). ● Activity 5: ○ Paper and pencil. ○ Calculator. Time Required ● Lesson time - 90 minutes ● Activity time ○ Activities One to Four - 10 minutes each ○ Activity Five - 20 minutes Contents The activities are marked in orange. ​ ● Understanding the Milky Way ● It encircles the sky ○ Activity 1: Looking at the Milky Way in Stellarium ● Why does it look like pieces are missing? ● We’re seeing the Milky Way from the inside out Friends of the DAO - ExoExplorations - https://centreoftheuniverse.org/exoexplorations 2 ​ ● What does the Milky Way look like from above? ○ Activity 2: Your Cosmic Address: The Long Address ● Our entire solar system orbits the centre of the Galaxy ○ Activity 3: Find the direction we’re moving in Stellarium ● How many Stars are in the Milky Way? ● The stars only look close together ● What else is in the Milky Way? ● It's got little companions ○ Activity 4: Viewing the Milky Way’s surroundings on Stellarium ● It’s mostly unexplored ○ Activity 5: How long would it take to get out of the Milky Way? U nderstanding the Milky Way In the last unit we were introduced to the Milky Way. We learned that Galileo discovered, using his small telescope, that this beautiful, mysterious band of light is made up of stars. In the 400 years since Galileo’s discovery, astronomers have uncovered more of the Milky Way’s secrets. We’ve learned that it isn’t just something interesting in the sky: it is our solar system’s home. We live inside it, which means our Sun is a star in the Milky Way. Seen from a planet going around another star in the Milky Way, our Sun would be just another average star in the Milky Way in that planet’s sky. In this unit we’re going to learn more about where we are in the Milky Way, what it might look like from the outside, how our solar system orbits inside it, and more about what it contains. I t encircles the sky In Canada, the Milky Way is usually noticed by people in the summertime when they are camping on moonless nights. As we mentioned in Unit 3, it’s only easy to see the Milky Way when the Moon is not in the sky. It is also important that you are not in a city as the city lights will interfere with seeing it. We’ll explore the Milky Way more in Stellarium, beginning with Activity 1 at the end of this section. The Milky Way runs roughly in a north-south direction across the sky, and there are parts that can be seen from people who live far south of us.You can see it from everywhere in the world at some point in the year, if your sky conditions and location are good. The portions that can be seen best from the southern hemisphere are wider and brighter than what we see in Canada. One of the widest and brightest parts of the Milky Way is close to the horizon in Canada, which makes it dimmer, as can be seen in Figure 1. But if you live in the Friends of the DAO - ExoExplorations - https://centreoftheuniverse.org/exoexplorations 3 ​ southern hemisphere like Chile or Australia this is high overhead and bright, and you can see the parts that dive below the horizon in this photo. It made such an impression on the Aborigine people of Australia that their stories about the sky centre mostly on the Milky Way rather than constellations of bright stars. You can read more about their stories in the Resources and ​ References section at the end of this section. ​ Figure 1: The Milky Way from Canada (photo by Nic Annau) You can see only half of the widest part in figure 1, and not very well because our atmosphere dims some of its light near the horizon, making it harder to see. That part is called “The Bulge” because, well, it looks wider. What about the rest of it? Figure 2 shows a picture of the entire Milky Way that has squished the entire sky into one image. This requires some explanation to relate it to the real sky. Unlike a regular photo of something in front of you, if you’re looking towards the Bulge at the centre and line it up with the real Bulge in the sky, both the right side and left side would actually connect behind your head and you’d have to turn around to see those parts of the Milky Way. When we say it encircles the sky we mean that the Milky Way goes all the way around the sky. Friends of the DAO - ExoExplorations - https://centreoftheuniverse.org/exoexplorations 4 ​ This all-sky image showing 1.7 billion stars in the Milky Way was made with the European Space Agency’s Gaia spacecraft. You can see the rest of the Bulge shown in figure 1. If you look carefully you might be able to match the left side of the Bulge in figure 2 to figure 1. Figure 2: Map showing 1.7 billion stars in the Milky Way (courtesy GAIA/European Space Agency) You can imagine a line drawn horizontally along the middle of this: we call that the “Galactic Equator” or “Galactic Plane”. In Activity 1 you’ll add that line in Stellarium to help you see where the Milky Way is in the sky. A ctivity 1: Looking at the Milky Way in Stellarium ● Open Stellarium and make sure it’s nighttime and the location of the program matches yours. You can adjust these on the “date and time” and “location” menus. It’s also preferable that the moon is visible in the sky. ● In the sky tab, make sure your light pollution is set to “take from location database”. ● Now close all the open windows and drag around the scene to look for the Milky Way. You may see a band of stars that looks like Figure 1. ● Depending on the amount of light pollution in your location, the Milky Way will either appear very faint, or simply impossible to spot. What can you do to fix that? Friends of the DAO - ExoExplorations - https://centreoftheuniverse.org/exoexplorations 5 ​ ● Open the “Sky and viewing options” window again, untick the “take from location database” box next to “light pollution” and decrease it as much as you want.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Solar System and Its Place in the Galaxy in Encyclopedia of the Solar System by Paul R
    Giant Molecular Clouds http://www.astro.ncu.edu.tw/irlab/projects/project.htm Æ Galactic Open Clusters Æ Galactic Structure Æ GMCs The Solar System and its Place in the Galaxy In Encyclopedia of the Solar System By Paul R. Weissman http://www.academicpress.com/refer/solar/Contents/chap1.htm Stars in the galactic disk have different characteristic velocities as a function of their stellar classification, and hence age. Low-mass, older stars, like the Sun, have relatively high random velocities and as a result c an move farther out of the galactic plane. Younger, more massive stars have lower mean velocities and thus smaller scale heights above and below the plane. Giant molecular clouds, the birthplace of stars, also have low mean velocities and thus are confined to regions relatively close to the galactic plane. The disk rotates clockwise as viewed from "galactic north," at a relatively constant velocity of 160-220 km/sec. This motion is distinctly non-Keplerian, the result of the very nonspherical mass distribution. The rotation velocity for a circular galactic orbit in the galactic plane defines the Local Standard of Rest (LSR). The LSR is then used as the reference frame for describing local stellar dynamics. The Sun and the solar system are located approxi-mately 8.5 kpc from the galactic center, and 10-20 pc above the central plane of the galactic disk. The circular orbit velocity at the Sun's distance from the galactic center is 220 km/sec, and the Sun and the solar system are moving at approximately 17 to 22 km/sec relative to the LSR.
    [Show full text]
  • Beckett Rosenfeld Hercules O
    272 Feature Star Field STARS 273 HERCULES BY CHRIS BECKETT & RANDALL ROSENFELD Right there in its orbit wheels a Phantom form, like to a man that strives at a task. That sign no man knows how to read clearly, nor on what task he is bent, but men simply call him On His Knees [Engonasin]. Now that Phantom, that toils on his knees, seems to sit on bended knee, and from both his shoulders his hands are upraised and stretch, one this way, one that, a fathom’s length. Over the middle of the head of the crooked Dragon, he has the tip of his right foot; Aratus (fl. ca. 390–240 BC), Phaenomena, Mair trs. 1921, 384–387. The keystone star pattern of Hercules keeps the celestial sphere of summer suspended overhead for northern observers and just fits in a º9 binocular. The Romans associated the “Kneeling One” to the mythical strongman Hercules, now known as home to one of the first deep-sky objects observers learn to locate by heart, Messier 13. However, there is much more worth taking a gaze at as the constellation passes through zenith. Rasalgethi represents the “head of the kneeler” and means northern observers imagine Hercules upside down. William Herschel discovered the variability of Rasalgethi changes from an eye-catching 2.7 magnitude to a 4.0 over a six-year period, greatly altering the region of the sky. Small telescopes split it into two components, a brilliant red-orange pri- mary and rare blue-green secondary. For those more interested in star patterns than variables, DoDz 7’s sailboat-shaped pattern of stars is a low-power telescope field to the north.
    [Show full text]
  • Crucifying the Earth on the Galactic Cross 1
    Crucifying the Earth on the Galactic Cross 1 CRUCIFYING THE EARTH ON THE GALACTIC CROSS Sergey Smelyakov, Jan Wicherink The Cross of Hendaye presenting the Astronomical and Eight-pointed Crosses (See Supplements 1, 2) 1. INTRODUCTION While the world is anticipating the effects of the End of the Maya Long Count Calendar on December 21 2012, they have already started to develop right in front of our eyes. The Cross, in all its forms, presents the most ancient symbol, and a series of meanings stands behind each of them (See Supplement 1). Some of these meanings are not widely known until our days; some other ones are still veiling the ancient esoteric concepts. The meaning of the majority of these corresponds to astronomical facts and evolution of the Earth and mankind that was kept secret for millennia . But from the 19th century a significant part of these symbols was explained – partly due to the disclosing of the Ancient Knowledge in works of Helen Blavatsky, – partly due to the progress of the sciences. For this reason we may suggest that this disclosure, by itself, presents great importance defining the last two centuries as the age of great revelations; if so, we may expect that they are given purposefully, in order to prepare us for something important. And we actually see this from a series of independent studies that the current decades can be characterised as the outstanding ones over the millennia; a series of seldom Space phenomena and the End of the Mayan calendar are evidently between them. In 1996, the concept of the Solar System Zodiac (SZ) was developed as a natural affiliate to the Tropical Zodiac (TZ).
    [Show full text]
  • OBSERVATION of LYMAN-~T EMISSION in INTERPLANETARY SPACE J
    OBSERVATION OF LYMAN-~t EMISSION IN INTERPLANETARY SPACE J. L. Bertaux and J. E. Blamont The extraterrestrial Lyman-a emission was mapped by the OGO 5 satellite, when it was ABSTRACT outside the geocorona. Three maps, obtained at different periods of the year, are presented and analyzed. The results suggest that at least half of the emission takes place in the solar system, and give strong support to the theory that in its motion towards the apex, the sun crosses neutral atomic hydrogen of interstellar origin, giving rise to an apparent interstellar wind. INTRODUCTION DESCRIPTION OF THE DATA The extraterrestrial Lyman-a emission could be provided At our request, OGO 5 was temporarily placed in a spe- by the free atoms of hydrogen in interstellar space, cial spinning mode on three occasions: 12- 14 Septem- which are excited by light emission of the stars at the ber 1969, 15-17 December 1969, and 1-3 April 1970. wavelength of Lyman-a. Then it is expected that they These spinup operations, referred to as SU 1, SU 2, and would absorb and re-emit Lyman-a photons. This emis- SU 3, respectively, took place when OGO 5 was well sion could have two possible angular distributions: outside the geocorona (above 90,000 km altitude). 1. The emission could come directly from the distant Two different experiments on board OGO 5 were parts of the galaxy. Because of Doppler shifting, the able to map the Lymana background from these maneu- emission would not be completely absorbed by the vers. One was the two-channel photometer of C.
    [Show full text]
  • The Astrology of Space
    The Astrology of Space 1 The Astrology of Space The Astrology Of Space By Michael Erlewine 2 The Astrology of Space An ebook from Startypes.com 315 Marion Avenue Big Rapids, Michigan 49307 Fist published 2006 © 2006 Michael Erlewine/StarTypes.com ISBN 978-0-9794970-8-7 All rights reserved. No part of the publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Graphics designed by Michael Erlewine Some graphic elements © 2007JupiterImages Corp. Some Photos Courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech 3 The Astrology of Space This book is dedicated to Charles A. Jayne And also to: Dr. Theodor Landscheidt John D. Kraus 4 The Astrology of Space Table of Contents Table of Contents ..................................................... 5 Chapter 1: Introduction .......................................... 15 Astrophysics for Astrologers .................................. 17 Astrophysics for Astrologers .................................. 22 Interpreting Deep Space Points ............................. 25 Part II: The Radio Sky ............................................ 34 The Earth's Aura .................................................... 38 The Kinds of Celestial Light ................................... 39 The Types of Light ................................................. 41 Radio Frequencies ................................................. 43 Higher Frequencies ...............................................
    [Show full text]
  • Why Did I Choose to Write About Vega, the Blue Star of Constellation Lyra?
    11 whydid I choose to write about Vega, the blue star of Constellation Lyra? Because of the association of ideas between the cavum of Verga developing at the junction of the fornix and the corpus callosum and the name of David's lyra or psalterium given by anatomists to this region when the fibers of the hippocampal commissurelie separated but parallel underneath the splenium of the corpus callosum. Although not mentioned as such in the literature, I believe that a cavum Vergae and a psalterium are coexisting anatomical varients." Denis Melanson, M.D. NEURO-IMAGE Dl Walter Dandy noted that: "the cavum septi pellucidi is frequently present when the cavum Vergae is absent and Verga's cavity may be present when the cavum septi pellucidi is absent". THE CONSTELLATION LYRA It seems that the cavum septi THE ALPHA STAR pellucidi is always present, albeit smaller, when the cavum Vergae is present. The opposite is not true, not- withstanding Dandy's opinion, and many others with him. A cavity in a long septum pellucidum creates a looser hippocampal commissure, and the ega is the fifth brightest star in the crossing fibers appear as strings, for v sky. The name VEGA is derived which the name PSALTERIUM. from the arabic A1 Nasr a1 Waki, the The music of the LYRE, in Greek Another cavity may exist in the same he septum pellucidum is a thin vertical swooping eagle, the falling eagle. Pliny's legends, casts such a spell that Orpheus region, the cavum veli interpositi; title, usually translated "the harp star", T partition, consisting of two laminae, whereas Verga's cavum communicate charmed every living creature with it.
    [Show full text]
  • Starry Nights Typeset
    Index Antares 104,106-107 Anubis 28 Apollo 53,119,130,136 21-centimeter radiation 206 apparent magnitude 7,156-157,177,223 57 Cygni 140 Aquarius 146,160-161,164 61 Cygni 139,142 Aquila 128,131,146-149 3C 9 (quasar) 180 Arcas 78 3C 48 (quasar) 90 Archer 119 3C 273 (quasar) 89-90 arctic circle 103,175,212 absorption spectrum 25 Arcturus 17,79,93-96,98-100 Acadia 78 Ariadne 101 Achernar 67-68,162,217 Aries 167,183,196,217 Acubens (star in Cancer) 39 Arrow 149 Adhara (star in Canis Major) 22,67 Ascella (star in Sagittarius) 120 Aesculapius 115 asterisms 130 Age of Aquarius 161 astrology 161,196 age of clusters 186 Atlantis 140 age of stars 114 Atlas 14 Age of the Fish 196 Auriga 17 Al Rischa (star in Pisces) 196 autumnal equinox 174,223 Al Tarf (star in Cancer) 39 azimuth 171,223 Al- (prefix in star names) 4 Bacchus 101 Albireo (star in Cygnus) 144 Barnard’s Star 64-65,116 Alcmene 52,112 Barnard, E. 116 Alcor (star in Big Dipper) 14,78,82 barred spiral galaxies 179 Alcyone (star in Pleiades) 14 Bayer, Johan 125 Aldebaran 11,15,22,24 Becvar, A. 221 Alderamin (star in Cepheus) 154 Beehive (M 44) 42-43,45,50 Alexandria 7 Bellatrix (star in Orion) 9,107 Alfirk (star in Cepheus) 154 Algedi (star in Capricornus) 159 Berenice 70 Algeiba (star in Leo) 59,61 Bessel, Friedrich W. 27,142 Algenib (star in Pegasus) 167 Beta Cassiopeia 169 Algol (star in Perseus) 204-205,210 Beta Centauri 162,176 Alhena (star in Gemini) 32 Beta Crucis 162 Alioth (star in Big Dipper) 78 Beta Lyrae 132-133 Alkaid (star in Big Dipper) 78,80 Betelgeuse 10,22,24 Almagest 39 big
    [Show full text]
  • The Observers Handbook for 1940
    T h e O b serv er ’s H a n d b o o k FOR 1940 PUBLISHED BY The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada C. A. CHANT, E d ito r F. S. HOGG, A s s is t a n t E d ito r DAVID DUNLAP OBSERVATORY THIRTY-SECOND YEAR OF PUBLICATION T O R O N TO 198 College Street Printed for the Society B y t h e U niversity of Toronto Press 1940 1940 CALENDAR 1940 JULIAN DAY CALENDAR, 1940 J. D. 2,420,000 plus the following: Jan. 1 9630 May 1........ 9751 Sept. 1......... 9874 Feb. 1 9661 June 1........ 9782 Oct. 1... ... 9904 Mar. 1 9690 July 1......... 9812 Nov. 1 9935 Apr. 1 ........ 9721 Aug. 1......... 9843 Dec. 1......... 9965 The Julian Day commences at noon. Thus J.D. 2,429,630.0 = Jan. 1.5 G.C.T. T he O b serv er 's H a n d b o o k FOR 1940 PUBLISHED BY T h e Royal Astronomical Society of Canada C. A. CHANT, E dito r F. S. HOGG, A s s i s t a n t E ditor DAVID DUNLAP OBSERVATORY TORONTO 198 C o l l e g e S t r e e t P r in t e d f o r t h e S o c ie t y B y t h e U n iv e r s it y o f T o r o n t o P r e s s 1940 CONTENTS PAGE Preface - 3 Anniversaries and Festivals - - - 3 Symbols and Abbreviations - -- 4 The Constellations .
    [Show full text]
  • Stars, Galaxies, and Beyond, 2012
    Stars, Galaxies, and Beyond Summary of notes and materials related to University of Washington astronomy courses: ASTR 322 The Contents of Our Galaxy (Winter 2012, Professor Paula Szkody=PXS) & ASTR 323 Extragalactic Astronomy And Cosmology (Spring 2012, Professor Željko Ivezić=ZXI). Summary by Michael C. McGoodwin=MCM. Content last updated 6/29/2012 Rotated image of the Whirlpool Galaxy M51 (NGC 5194)1 from Hubble Space Telescope HST, with Companion Galaxy NGC 5195 (upper left), located in constellation Canes Venatici, January 2005. Galaxy is at 9.6 Megaparsec (Mpc)= 31.3x106 ly, width 9.6 arcmin, area ~27 square kiloparsecs (kpc2) 1 NGC = New General Catalog, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_General_Catalogue 2 http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2005/12/image/a/ Page 1 of 249 Astrophysics_ASTR322_323_MCM_2012.docx 29 Jun 2012 Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Useful Symbols, Abbreviations and Web Links .................................................................................................................. 4 Basic Physical Quantities for the Sun and the Earth ........................................................................................................ 6 Basic Astronomical Terms, Concepts, and Tools (Chapter 1) ............................................................................................. 9 Distance Measures ......................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Solar Motion Relative to the Local Group
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CERN Document Server To be published in the Astronomical Journal, July 1999 issue The Solar Motion Relative to the Local Group St´ephane Courteau and Sidney van den Bergh National Research Council, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics Dominion Astrophysical Observatory 5071 W. Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V8X 4M6 Canada ABSTRACT New data on the membership of the Local Group, in conjunction with new and improved radial velocity data, are used to refine the derivation of the motion of the Sun relative to the Local Group (hereafter LG). The Sun is found to be moving with a velocity of V = 306 18 km s 1 towards an apex at ` =99 5 and b = 4 4 . ± − ◦± ◦ − ◦ ± ◦ This agrees very well with previous analyses, but we discuss the possibility of a bias if the phase-space distribution of LG galaxies is bimodal. The LG radial velocity 1 dispersion is 61 8kms−. We use various mass estimators to compute the mass of ± 12 the Local Group and the Andromeda subgroup. We find MLG =(2:3 0:6) 10 ± × M ,fromwhichM=LV =44 12 (in solar units). For an assumed LG age of 14 2 ± ± Gyr, the radius of an idealized LG zero-velocity surface is r =1:18 0:15 Mpc. The ◦ ± Local Group is found to have 35 likely members. Only three of those have (uncertain) distances > 1:0 Mpc from the LG barycenter. Barring new discoveries of low surface brightness∼ dwarfs, this suggests that the Local Group is more compact, and isolated from its surroundings, than previously believed.
    [Show full text]
  • 365 Starry Nights by Chet Raymo Detailed Contents
    365 STARRY NIGHTS BY CHET RAYMO DETAILED CONTENTS DATE CONSTELLATION TOPIC JANUARY 1 Winter Hexagon Zenith, Winter Hexagon 2 Orion Orion’s Belt 3 Celestial Equator 4 Celestial Sphere, Arabic Names 5 Celestial Sphere, Degree Measurements 6 “ “ “ “ 7 Turning of the Stars (24h = 360o) 8 Seasonal Turning of Stars 9 Apparent Magnitude 10 “ “ 11 Horsehead Nebula 12 Great Nebula 13 “ “ 14 “ “ 15 Red Giants 16 “ “ 17 Taurus Signs of the Zodiac 18 Aldebaran 19 Elliptic, Zodiac, Occultation 20 “ “ “ 21 Light Year, Distance to Pleiades, Hyades 22 “ “ “ “ “ “ 23 Pleiades 24 “ 25 Open Clusters, Proper Motion 26 Crab Nebula 27 White Dwarf 28 Neutron Star, Pulsar 29 Auriga Auriga 30 Capella, The Kids 31 ε Aurigae 365 STARRY NIGHTS BY CHET RAYMO DETAILED CONTENTS DATE CONSTELLATION TOPIC FEBRUARY 1 Canis Major Twinkling, Sirius 2 Orions & Pals Animal Companions: Dogs & Hare 3 Canis Major Mirzam 4 Sirius 5 Close Stars 6 Sirius & Myths 7 Star Colors, Planck Curve 8 Light Spectrum 9 Line Spectra, Spectral Types 10 Mysterious Sirius B 11 “ “ “ 12 “ “ “ 13 “ “ “ 14 “ “ “ 15 Canis Minor Canis Minor 16 Procyon, Gomeisa 17 Procyon’s Proper Motion, Name 18 “ “ “ “ 19 Milky Way, Rosette Nebula 20 Monocerous Cone Nebula 21 Gemini Castor & Pollux, Ying & Yang 22 “ “ “ “ “ “ 23 Castor - Multiple Star System 24 Pollux 25 Zodiac, Summer Solstice 26 Planet Discoveries 27 U Geminorum 28 Eskimo Nebula - Planetary Nebula 365 STARRY NIGHTS BY CHET RAYMO DETAILED CONTENTS DATE CONSTELLATION TOPIC MARCH 1 Various Oblers’ Paradox 2 “ “ 3 Alphard 4 “ 5 Cancer Stars of Cancer,
    [Show full text]
  • A History of Astronomy, 139 Adhafera
    Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-72170-7 - Stephen James O’Meara’s Observing the Night Sky with Binoculars: A Simple Guide to the Heavens Stephen James O’Meara Index More information Index A History of Astronomy, 139 Big Dipper, ix, 1, 18, 32, 40, 115, 119 stars in:Almach (␥ Andromedae), Adhafera (␨ Leonis), 22 how to find, 2–3 102; Alpheratz (␣ Aesculapius, 57 mythology of, 1 Andromedae), 99; Mirach (␤ Agenor, King, 110 Pointer Stars, 3 Andromedae), 101;Nu(␯) Albireo (␤ Cygni), 9 sky measures and, 4, 7 Andromedae, 102;R Alcock, George, 139, 140 binoculars, ix Andromedae, 102;S Alcor (80 Ursae Majoris), 6–7 black holes, Andromedae (extragalactic Alessi, Bruno, 83, 84, 99 Cygnus X-1, 74–75 supernova), 101, 102 Algedi (␣ Capricorni), 82 Book of Fixed Stars, The, 80, 101 Aquarius (the Water Bearer), 84–86 Algieba (␥ Leonis), 21 Book of the Dead, 59 mythology of, 84 Alkaid (␩ Ursae Majoris), 6, 8 Brahe, Tycho, 94 stars in: 14 Aquarii, 85: Henry Allegheny Observatory, 40 Brocchi, Dalmiro, 80 Draper (HD) 210277 Aquarii, Almach (␥ Andromedae), 102 Bryant, William Cullen, 47 planet orbiting, 86; Sadalmelik Alphard (␣ Hydrae), 24–25 Burnham, Robert, 95 (␣ Aquarii), 85; Sadalsuud (␤ Alpheratz (␣ Andromedae), 99 Aquarii), 85; Water Jar in, 85 Al-Sufi, 80, 101 caduceus, 57–58 Aquila (the Eagle) American Association of Variable Star Callisto, 1, 40 mythology of, 73, 78, 84 Observers (AAVSO), 11, 140 Calvary, 27 stars in:Altair (␣ Aquilae), 68; Ancient Egypt, 91, 92 Capella (␣ Aurigae), 115, 126, 127 Gamma (␥ Aquilae), 78 Antares (␣ Scorpii), 48,
    [Show full text]