Professor Lynn H. Leverty

PROFESSOR LYNN H. LEVERTY PAD 6434: PUBLIC LEADERSHIP AND ETHICS Fall 2013 [email protected] http://people.clas.ufl.edu/lleverty/

Office hours: T 2 – 4 pm. TH 10 – 12 pm. Anderson Hall, Room 319

SYLLABUS “Vaclav Havel has seen both sides of political power. As a writer and playwright, he suffered persecution and imprisonment under Communist regimes and later rose to become president of Czechoslovakia and of the Czech Republic. He points out that public officials live in a world of half-truth, which saps the soul and integrity of any person. Based on his experiences, Havel insists that only responsible individuals of integrity risking the moral danger of politics and persisting in their quest for a better public life can make a difference in the world.” Public Integrity, preface. Public ethics, as expressed by as diverse group as classroom teachers, college administrators, street level bureaucrats, campaign managers, elected and appointed officials, and, increasingly nonprofit organizations, is of increasing concern to the professions and to the public they serve. In recent years, state and local governments, school districts, universities and the federal government have enacted increasingly strict ethics laws that seek to govern how those in public service carry out their duties and make decisions. Public debates over ethics and integrity as well as the general quality of our leadership have spurred new examinations of the way those who are responsible to citizens should act. The course provides maps and tools to make ethical leadership more explicit, but each person must ultimately find his/her own way. You will not find the "one best way" or a quick fix. The study of leadership and ethics in the public sector has been marked by diversity and this course reflects that fact. However, the subject matter is fundamental to a good understanding of the public sector because it deals with the "why" and not merely the "how to." In summary, the course focuses on what it means to be an ethical public leader in a democratic society. COURSE FORMAT: 1. Class participation and class assignments: class will meet on Thursday periods 8 – 10. Students are expected to attend the seminar each week and be prepared to discuss the readings; you will not do well if you are not in class. Please consider this seminar to be similar to a senior staff meeting and arrive on time out of respect for your colleagues and the issues to be discussed. You are required to prepare feedback reports on your readings each week. The feedback report must be analytical; I do not need a summary of the readings. (50%) 2. Class leadership: based on your leadership of discussion about an assigned block of readings. You may sign up for one of the weekly sessions beginning September 12. For this assignment, you will lead a half hour discussion about a current event related to that week’s readings. Information about the event should be distributed to the class the Wednesday before your weekly session. You may simply lead discussion or you can prepare some type of activity for the class that illustrates the week’s topic. (10%) 3. Options: For this assignment you have options. You may write a traditional term paper, develop a case study on a current issue of public leadership and ethics or develop your own project. Each student should meet with the instructor during the first 4 weeks of class to define this assignment. (25%) Due November 21. 4. Final essay: of all the readings this semester, which was most important to your understanding of leadership and ethics issues in the public sector? Why? (15%) Due December 3. ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES: I expect assignments to be turned in on the due date. One letter grade per day (not class days) will be taken off for late papers unless you have obtained prior approval for a different date due to special circumstances or have a documented illness or family emergency. Please do not hesitate to let me know if you have some type of special circumstance, but you must do so before the due date unless it is an emergency. The easiest way to reach me is to come by during office hours or through e-mail. I have two offices on campus so phone calls are the least efficient. If my office hours are not convenient, I am always happy to set a time to meet. Please do not hesitate to ask me for a scheduled appointment. If you have any special needs, please let me know so that we can work together to make this class a success. READINGS: Barbara Kellerman, The End of Leadership. New York: Harper Business, 2012. Martin Luther King, Why We Can’t Wait. New York: Signet Classic, 1963. Abby Mann, Judgment at Nuremberg. New York: New Directions, 2002. Eyal Press. Beautiful Souls. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012. Jessica Stern, Terror in the Name of God. New York: Harper Collins Publisher, 2003. Desmond Tutu, No Future Without Forgiveness. London: Image, 2000. Robert A. Wilson, ed., Power and the Presidency. New York: Public Affairs, 1999. Assigned articles (full text available on-line): depending on current events some of these may be revised COURSE SCHEDULE: [subject to change during the semester]

PART 1: Overview

Why study leadership and ethics? [August 22] Class overview and discussion

Public leadership [August 29] Kellerman: entire book

Public ethics [September 5] Government Ethics Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, Santa Clara University http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/government_ethics/ Common Cause http://www.commoncause.org Florida Commission on Ethics: Frequently Asked Questions http://www.ethics.state.fl.us/

Power and the presidency [September 12] Wilson: entire book Siena Research Institute Presidential Rankings http://www.siena.edu/uploadedfiles/home/parents_and_community/community_page/sri/indepen dent_research/Presidents%20Release_2010_final.pdf

Private lives: how much should they count? [September 19] Dobel: hand out Bartosz W. Wojdynski and Daniel Riffe, “What Kind of Media, and When? Public Opinion about Press Coverage of Politicians’ Private Lives,” in Journal of Mass Media Ethics, Vol. 26, 2011, pages 206 – 223. Adam Berinsky et all, “Sex and Race: Are Black Candidates More Likely to be Disadvantaged by Sex Scandals?” in Political Behavior, June 2011, Vol. 33 Issue 2, p179-202.

PART 2: When Governments Fail What can be Done?

Criminal punishment [September 26] Mann: entire book Brianne McGonigle Leyh, “Victim-Oriented Measures at International Criminal Institutions: Participation and its Pitfalls,” in the International Criminal Law Review. 2012, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p 375-408. Pascal Chenivesse and Christopher Piranio, “What price justice? On the evolving notion of ‘right to fair trial’ from Nuremberg to The Hague,” in Cambridge Review of International Affairs, Sep 2011, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p 403-423. Civil disobedience [October 3] King: entire book Press: entire book

Reconciliation [October 10] Tutu: entire book

PART 3: Nongovernmental public leadership

Nonstate actors [October 17] Stern: entire book Peter A. Olsson, “Homegrown Terrorists, Rebels in Search of a Cause,” in Middle East Quarterly, Summer 2013, Vol. 20, Issue 3 Political campaigns: part 1 money [October 24] Campaign Ethics Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, Santa Clara University http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/government_ethics/introduction/campaign- ethics.html Daniel Winik, “Citizens Informed: Broader Disclosure and Disclaimer for Corporate Electoral Advocacy in the Wake of Citizens United,” in Yale Law Journal, December 2010, Vol. 120 Issue 3, pages 622-666.

Political campaigns: part 2 voting [October 31] “Waiting Times at Ballot Boxes Draw Scrutiny” Jeremy Peters, New York Times, February 4, 2013 http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/05/us/politics/waiting-times-to-vote-at-polls-draw- scrutiny.html?pagewanted=1&_r=1& “The Myth about Democrat Voter Suppression in the 2012 Elections” Paul Roderick Gregory, Forbes, n.d. http://www.forbes.com/sites/paulroderickgregory/2013/02/06/the-myth-about-democrat-voter- suppression-in-the-2012-elections/ “Really? Governor Scott’s Renewed Efforts to Purge Florida Voters Not Necessary” Debbie Wasserman-Schultz, DNC Blog, August 9, 2013 http://www.democrats.org/news/blog/really_governor_scotts_renewed_efforts_to_purge_florida _voters_not_necessar “Is North Carolina's Voter ID Law 'Common Sense' Policy or Discrimination?” PBS News Hour, August 13, 2913 http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/politics/july-dec13/voting_08-13.html Risser, David T., “The Moral Problem of Nonvoting” in the Journal of Social Philosophy, Fall 2003, Vol. 34, Issue 3, p. 348 – 363.

PART 3: Special topics November 7, 14 and 21 (class to choose from these; other topics may be considered)

Do we still have a male model for leadership? Shannon Portillo, “How Race, Sex, and Age Frame the Use of Authority by Local Government Officials,” in Law & Social Inquiry, Volume 35, Issue 3, 603–623, Summer 2010 Nicholas J. G. Winter, “Masculine Republicans and Feminine Democrats: Gender and Americans’ Explicit and Implicit Images of the Political Parties,” in Political Behavior, December 2010, Volume 32, Issue 4, pages 587–618 Wendy Christensen, Wendy and Myra Marx Ferree, “Cowboy of the World? Gender Discourse and the Iraq War Debate,” in Qualitative Sociology, September 2008, Volume 31, pages 287 – 306.

Leadership and Ethics in Intergovernmental Cooperation: Case Study Federal environmental leadership: the Environmental Protection Agency http://www.epa.gov/region4/superfund/sites/npl/florida/ckopfl.html Local environmental leadership: Alachua County Environmental Protection Department http://www.alachuacounty.us/Depts/EPD/Pollution/Pages/CabotKoppersSuperfund.aspx Protect Gainesville’s Citizens http://protectgainesville.org/ Dorothy M. Daley and David F. Layton, “Policy Implementation and the Environmental Protection Agency: What Factors Influence Remediation at Superfund Sites?” in The Policy Studies Journal, Vol. 32, No. 3, 20004.

The ethics of government contracts: who should do the work? Sid Ellington, “The Rise of Battlefield Private Contractors: An Analysis of Military Policy,” in Public Integrity, Spring 2011, Vol. 13, Issue 2, pages 131 – 148. Marcus Hedahl, “Blood and Blackwaters: A Call to Arms for the Profession of Arms,” in Journal of Military Ethics, 2009, Vol. 8, No. 1, p. 19 – 33. Sarah Gollust and Peter D. Jacobson, “Privatization of Public Services: Organizational Reform Efforts in Public Education and Public Health,” in American Journal of Public Health, October 2006, Vol. 96, Issue 10, pages 1733 – 1739. Sheila Kennedy, “Holding “Governance” Accountable: Third Party Government in a Limited State,” in Independent Review, Summer 2006, Vol. 11 Issue 1, pages 67-77

Global public sector leadership and ethics Daryl Balia et al, “Reality Check,” in Public Integrity, Winter 2007/8, Vol. 10, Issue 1, p. 53-64. Bowler, Shaun and Karp, Jeffrey, “Politicians, Scandals and Trust in Government,” in Political Behavior, Sept. 2004, Vol. 26, No. 3, p. 271 – 287. Dave O. Benjamin, “Rethinking Nonintervention: The Challenge of the UN Charter and Protecting the Dispossessed,” in Public Integrity, Summer 2010, Vol. 12, Issue 3, pages 201 – 218. Catharine Stevulak and Paul M. Brown, “Activating Public Sector Ethics in Transnational Societies: The Promise of Integrity,” in Public Integrity, Spring 2011, vol. 13, No. 2, pages 97 – 111.

Last class: discussion and evaluations (TBD)

ASSIGNMENTS

Reaction Papers: The reaction papers are due each week at the beginning of class. You may e- mail them to me prior to class if this is easier. You will not receive credit for a late paper. Each one should be 1 – 2 pages double-spaced. You do not have to use external sources, but if you do, please cite appropriately. I do not want a summary of the readings. Just focus on what you consider to be the most important or intriguing issue.

Class Leadership: this is your chance to bring real life examples to the week’s topic.

Options Assignment: whichever choice you make should have excellent academic sources and appropriate citations. The project should be the equivalent of a 20 page term paper. The term paper may be on any topic related to public leadership and ethics; it is your choice.

If you choose a case study, please make sure the topic is narrowly defined. Although you cannot read the entire case study the Harvard Kennedy School Case Collection (http://www.case.hks.harvard.edu/). This is also a good primer on writing case studies: http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/research/casestudy/.

Finally, you may develop your own project. In previous classes, students have developed a code of ethics for a specific nonprofit or public organization that included participation of the members of that organization, prepared a leadership and ethics training course for citizens interested in running for public office and written a grant proposal for an international voluntary organization interested in improving the intercultural leadership skills of its staff.

Final essay: By the end of class we will have read a wide variety of material on leadership and ethics in the public sector. Which of these will you remember? Which would you share with others? Why? This essay should be about 5 pages in length.