Chapters 15 Pages 459-463 and 16 Pages 543-548

Chapters 15 pages 459-463 and 16 pages 543-548 Absolutism in Central, Eastern and Northern Europe

1. What 3 new powers made their appearance in the 17th century?

The German States 2. What effect did the Peace of Westphalia have of the Holy Roman Empire? 3. Geographically, how did Brandenburg-Prussia form? 4. What role did Frederick William the Great Elector play in strengthening Prussia? 5. What deal did Frederick William the Great Elector make with his nobility? 6. Study the map on page 459, read the caption and answer the question. 7. How did he attempt to strengthen the economy? 8. Who was his successor?

Turn to page 543 and continue Absolutism in Central and Eastern Europe 9. How did Frederick William I create a strong military? 10. How did Frederick William I obtain the loyalty of his nobility? 11. How were the peasants treated in Prussia under Frederick William I’s rule? 12. What opportunities existed for the middle class under Frederick William I? 13. How is Frederick the Great different from his father, Frederick William I? 14. What wars did Frederick the Great participate in?

Turn to page 551 The War of The Austrian Succession (1740-1748) 15. What was the cause and effects of this war?

Turn back to page 460 and continue where you left off with The Emergence of Austria 16. How did Austria gain territory, becoming an empire? 17. What held the Austrian empire together?

Italy: From Spanish to Austrian Rule 18. How did Austria overthrow Spanish dominance in Italy?

Turn to page 545 The Austrian Empire of the Hapsburgs 19. How did Maria Theresa attempt to centralize power in Austria? 20. How did Maria Theresa strengthen her military? 21. How was Maria Theresa’s son, Joseph II, different from her? 22. How did Joseph II reform Austria and with what outcome?

Back to page 461 Russia: From Fledgling Principality to Major Power 23. What titled did Ivan the Terrible take for himself? 24. Describe the Times of Trouble and their outcome? 25. Describe the social conditions and hierarchy in Russia? 26. How did Peter the Great attempt to westernize Russia? 27. How did he develop his military? 28. How did Peter attempt to gain control over the aristocracy? 29. How did Peter the Great attempt to stimulate the economy? 30. How did Peter westernize culture and behaviors? 31. Who benefitted the most in Russia from Peter’s policy of westernization?

Turn to page 547 Russia Under Catherine the Great 32. How did Catherine become Czarina of Russia? 33. What practices of the Russian government did Catherine questions? 34. How did Catherine’s policy of favoring the landed nobility lead to even worse conditions for the Russian peasantry?