Northeast Region Study Buddy

Name______Northeast Region Study Buddy Next projects are due Wednesday, February 8, 2012 (snow days may change this due date). ANY topic from this Study Buddy is acceptable. Northeast—Physical Sciences-NYC 55 days (52 days + 1 presentation day and 2 test days) New York City Carole Marsh Mystery

Kickoff: Applying Physical Sciences: Basics of Rocketry Lessons Science Court Explorations--Rockets 1) What is needed to make things move, grow or work? I can explain how energy makes things move, grow and do work. 2) What type of motion creates sound? I can explain how motion creates sound. 3) Why do sounds have varying pitches? I can explain why sounds have varying pitches. 4) What are the differences in how light and sound travel? I can explain the differences in how light and sound travel through space. 5) How do your ears help you hear? I can explain how the human ear works. 6) How do your eyes help you see? I can explain how the human eye works. 7) How do the properties of matter affect how an object interacts with outside forces? I can explain how objects with different properties are affected differently by outside forces. 8) How are magnets used in everyday life? I can explain how the force of magnetism is used in our everyday world. 9) What is relative positioning and how is it different from absolute positioning? I can explain the difference in relative and absolute positioning and when it is appropriate to use each type.

10) How can we show an object's change in position over time? I can show an object's change in position over time using appropriate visual representations. 11) How can we predict changes in an object's position and motion based on strengths of pushes and pulls? I can make predict changes in an object's position and motion based on strengths and directions of forces applied. 12) How is electricity produced and how does it get to outlets? I can explain various ways electricity is generated and the process that makes it available for our use. 13) Describe and demonstrate open and closed circuits. I can describe and demonstrate open and closed electrical circuits. 14) How can electricity produce light? I can explain how electricity can produce light. 15) How can simple machines make work easier to do? I can demonstrate how simple machines make work easier to do. 16) What tools do scientists use to give them more information about objects than they can get by observation alone? I can identify scientific tools needed for investigations in the physical sciences. 17) How can you investigate a question you have about the physical sciences? I can pose a question about the physical sciences and conduct an investigation to find answers to my question. 18) How can our class work as teams to investigate a big question about the physical sciences? I can work as a part of a team to answer a class question about the physical sciences and provide information based on my team's findings. 19) What can the discovery of patterns in investigations allow you to do? I can make predictions based on patterns I identify during scientific investigations. BC Curriculum (in addition to KY curriculum) Physical Science A. Light and Optics The speed of light: light travels at an amazing high speed. Light travels in straight lines (as can be demonstrated by forming shadows). Properties of light, such as: reflection, refraction, absorption, transparent, translucent, and opaque

· Mirrors: plane, concave, convex

Uses of mirrors in telescopes and some microscopes The spectrum: use a prism to demonstrate that white light is made up of a spectrum of colors. § Lenses can be used for magnifying and bending light (as in magnifying glass, microscope, camera, telescope, binoculars). Label and describe the parts of the eye Protecting your eyesight B. Sound a. Sound is caused by an object vibrating rapidly. b. Sounds travel through solids, liquids, and gases. c. Sound waves are much slower than light waves. d. Qualities of sound 1. Pitch: high or low, faster vibrations = higher pitch, slower vibrations = lower pitch 2. Intensity: loudness and quietness e. Human voice 1. Larynx (voice box) 2. Vibrating vocal cords: longer, thicker vocal cords create lower, deeper voices f. Sound and how the human ear works g. Protecting your hearing

C. Simple and Compound Machines C. Relationship between force and work D. Electricity C. Electrical Energy i. Heat absorption and conduction D. Electromagnets a. Positive and negative charges Scientific Inquiry

A. Experimentation

3. Construct series and parallel circuits 4. Construct and explain an electromagnet 5. Conduct experiments that show that sound can be varied by changing the rate of vibration and mass of an object B. Biographies 1. Alexander Graham Bell Destination Human Body—Johns Hopkins Medical Center: Baltimore, Maryland (part of the Northeast destination) 1. How are growth and development unique for each person? I can explain why each person grows and develops at different rates. 2. Who is responsible for keeping you healthy? I am responsible for making good choices that will help keep me healthy. (Overall Theme) 3. How do your ears help you hear and how can you care for them? I can explain how the human ear works and what I can do to protect my sense of hearing. 5. How do your eyes help you see and how can you care for them? I can explain how the human eye works and what I can do to protect my sense of sight. 6. How can our behaviors and choices of diet, exercise and rest affect our bodies? I can tell how choices in my diet, exercise and rest can affect my body positively and negatively. 7. What are some strategies for keeping healthy? I can name several strategies for keeping myself healthy and develop personal goals and a plan to help me reach my goals. 8. What nutrients does your body need to grow and develop in a healthy way? I can name the nutrients my body needs to grow and develop normally and explain why my body needs those nutrients. 9. How does the digestive system help your body use the food you eat? I can explain how the digestive system breaks down the food I eat into a form my body can use for energy. 10. What are the benefits of regular physical activity? I can name several benefits of regular exercise. 11. What are the components of fitness? I can name the components of fitness and why each one is important for staying healthy. 12. What changes take place in the body during physical exercise? I can describe the changes that take place in the body during physical exercise. 13. Why are regular checkups to your doctor and dentist important? I can explain the importance of regular doctor and dental checkups. 14. Why is it important to follow your doctor's orders when you are sick? I can explain why it is important to follow your doctor's orders if you are sick. 15. How can the use of technology influence personal health? I can give examples of how technology both negatively and positively affects my personal health. 16. Besides physical health, what are other factors that make up your overall health? I can explain that my overall health includes physical, mental and social aspects and habits I can adopt to stay healthy in all areas. 17. How do the environments you live in affect and influence your personal health? I can explain how the different environments in my life affect and influence my personal health and steps I can take to make sure those are positive effects.

Social Studies: Colonization Urban  Urban areas are cities. The urban areas of the Northeast have very large populations.  Many things are different in the city. Housing—apartments; Transportation—subways, taxis, buses, walking; Jobs—many businesses; Fun—ballgames (major league, NBA, NFL), plays, concerts, restaurants, parks, shopping, museums; Population —crowded  New York City is the largest city in the United States.  The Statue of Liberty is found in New York City. It is a symbol of freedom.  Boston, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. are other large cities of the Northeast.  Washington, D.C. is the capital of our country. Our president, President Obama lives in the White House with his family. Our legislators (people who make the laws) work in the capitol building in Washington, D.C.

Rural  Rural areas are country areas. The rural areas of the Northeast are similar to the small towns of Kentucky.  Many things are different in the country. Housing—houses, yards; Transportation—cars; Jobs—small businesses; Fun— ballgames(little league, high school), riding bicycles, ice skating in the winter, sledding; Population—less people per square mile

Geography  There are 11 states in the Northeast. Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland. Be able to locate them on a map.  There are 5 Great Lakes in the United States. Two of these lakes are part of the Northeastern region. Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. Niagara Falls is located between these two great lakes. Be able to label them on a map.  The Atlantic Ocean is the eastern boundary of the Northeastern region.  A cape is a piece of land jutting into the sea or some other large body of water.  The sea refers to a smaller part of the ocean marked off by land boundaries. Know these 11 states and their capital cities:  Maine--Augusta  Vermont--Montpelier  New Hampshire--Concord  Massachusetts--Boston  Connecticut--Hartford  Rhode Island--Providence  New York--Albany  Pennsylvania--Harrisburg  New Jersey--Trenton  Delaware--Dover  Maryland--Annapolis

History  Eastern “woodland” Indians—Shaman, Sachem, Seminole, Powhatan, Delaware, Susquehanna, Mohican Massachusett, Iroquois, and Cherokee once lived in the Northeastern region.

 The early Europeans, who came to America, came from many countries of Europe. (England, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Denmark, Ireland, and Scotland) The first Europeans worked together with the Native Americans in order to survive.

 Our country was very different during the Colonial Times.

 During the earlier days of America there were 13 colonies that were governed by England. The colonies were divided into 3 different regions (Southern, Middle Atlantic, New England)

 The Southern colonies included Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.

 Three ships were sent to America by the London Company in England looking for gold and other riches. The first continuous English colony was Jamestown. Jamestown was established by Captain John Smith in the Chesapeake Bay in the year 1607. The people of Jamestown traded with the Powhatan Indians. John Rolfe was one of the leaders here. He brought tobacco to America. Tobacco is a cash crop. John Rolfe married Pocahontas. Diseases killed many of the people, both colonists and Indians. Slaves were brought to Virginia about 12 years later to work in the tobacco fields.

 The colony at Maryland was established for religious freedom. Lord Baltimore established this colony mainly for Catholics.

 Charleston was the main port in the South Carolina colony. Large plantations were established to raise rice, cotton, and indigo. Slave labor was used on these plantations.

 The colony of Georgia was established by James Oglethorpe for people who were deeply in debt and looking for a way out.

 The southern colonies relied on slavery for economic reasons. Slaves are the property of their owner. An indentured servant works to pay off a debt.

 The middle Atlantic colonies are New Jersey, New York, Delaware, and Pennsylvania.

 The Dutch first settled in the area which is now New York. This colony was named “New Netherland”. The Dutch West India Company purchased Manhattan Island and Long Island from the Indians. The Dutch established the city that they named “New Amsterdam”. When the English took over the colony, they rename the colony as New York.

 William Penn was the first leader of the colony of Pennsylvania. This colony was established by a religious group called the Quakers. Philadelphia was the first settlement.

 The New England colonies were Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island.

 Colonists came to Massachusetts looking for religious freedom. These groups were called the Pilgrims and the Puritans. Pilgrims came from England on three ships, one ship being the Mayflower. The Pilgrims landed at Plymouth. The Pilgrims were helped by the Indians. Remember the first Thanksgiving. The Puritans established another settlement and focused on reading and education.

 Rhode Island was established by Roger Williams in hopes of having religious tolerance.

 The New England colonies relied on fishing and shipbuilding to make money.

Bring this back on test day for 3 bonus points on Science and Social Studies tests!

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