George Washington
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1. People
George Washington
Neutrality
Created Cabinet
2 term president
Thomas Jefferson
Strict constructionist
Supporters South
Democratic-Republican Party
Louisiana Purchase
John Adams
Federalist Party
Loose constructionist
Supporters North
National Bank
James Madison
Strict constructionist
Alexander Hamilton
Loose constructionist
John Marshall
Marbury v. Madison
Midnight Judges
Judicial Review
Lewis and Clark
Explore Louisiana territory
Andrew Jackson
Battle of New Orleans
Democratic Party
Spoils system
Killed National Bank
James Monroe
Era of Good Feelings
Henry Clay
American System
National Bank
Eli Whitney
Cotton Gin
Interchangeable Parts
Samuel Morse
Morse Code
Telegraph
2. Frederick Douglas
Black Abolitionist
North Star newspaper
Harriet Tubman
Underground Railroad
James K. Polk
Dark Horse
Manifest Destiny
John Brown
Harper’s Ferry
Jefferson Davis
President of CSA (South)
Ulysses S. Grant
Northern General
Presidential scandals
William Sherman
March to the Sea
Robert E. Lee
Southern Military leader
Stonewall Jackson
Southern General
George Custer
Battle of Little Big Horn (lost)
Sitting Bull
Lakota Sioux in resistance
William J. Bryan
Cross of Gold Speech
Alexander G. Bell
Telephone
Thomas Edison
Inventor light bulb, phonograph
Andrew Carnegie
Steel
Horizontal Integration
John D. Rockefeller
Oil
Vertical Integration
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Railroad
Terrence Powderly
Knights of Labor
3. Eugene V. Debbs
American Railway Union
Socialist
Samuel Gompers
American Federation of Labor
William “Boss” Tweed
Political Machine
Tammany Hall
Thomas Nast
Snitched on Tweed(political cartoons)
Benjamin Harrison
Big Business (High Tariffs)
Booker T. Washington
Blacks learn trade skills
Tuskegee Institute
W.E.B. Dubois
Founder of NAACP
Theodore Roosevelt
Trustbuster
Square Deal
Big Stick Policy
William Taft
Broke up more trust than TR
Dollar Diplomacy
Woodrow Wilson
NEW FREEDOM
Treaty of Versailles
14 points
Kaiser Wilhelm II
German King
Gavrilo Princip
Shot Franz Ferdinand
Franz Ferdinand
Assassination started WWI
Czar Nicholas II
Russia King
Vladimir Lenin
Communist dictator during WWI
Herbert Hoover
Food and Drug Administration
Blamed for Great Depression
4. Warren G. Harding
Return to Normalcy
Teapot Dome Scandal
Marcus Garvey
Ship blacks to Africa
Franklin D. Roosevelt
New Deal
President during WWII
Benito Mussolini
Italian Fascist Dictator
Josef Stalin
Russian Communist leader
Adolf Hitler
German Fascist Dictator
Hirohito
Japanese Monarch WWII
Juan Franco
Spanish Dictator
Winston Churchill
English Prime Minister
Robert Oppenhimer
Atomic Bomb
Naketa Krushev
Soviet Leader (Russia)
Fidel Castro
Cuban Communist Leader
Joseph McCarthy
Accused stars of Communism
Witch Hunts
John F. Kennedy
New Frontier
Lost at Bay of Pigs
Cuban Missile Crisis
Shot by Lee Harvey Oswald
Richard Nixon
New Federalism
Watergate
Lyndon B. Johnson
Great Society
Thurgood Marshall
Civil Rights Lawyer
5. Rosa Parks
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Dr. Martin Luther King
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Non-violent protests.
Malcolm X
Nation of Islam
Violence
Stokely Carmichael
Black Power
Caesar Chavez
Hispanic Migrant Workers
Ho Chi Minh
Communist Leader in N.Vietnam
Jimmy Carter
Camp David Accords
Iran Hostage Crisis
Ayatollah Khomeini
Iran Hostage Crisis
Ronald Reagan
Reaganomics
“trickle down”
Iran-Contra Scandal
Mikhail Gorbachev
Soviet Leader
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty.
George H.W. Bush
“Read my lips no new taxes”
Operation Desert Storm
Father
Saddam Hussein
Iraq’s dictator
Bill Clinton
Whitewater Affair
Monica Lewinsky
Yasir Arafat
Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)
George W. Bush
911
6. Osama Bin Laden
Leader of Al-Qaeda
Al-Qaeda
Terrorist Group
Important Events
Whiskey Rebellion
Excise Tax
Government against citizens
XYZ Affair
French Bribe
Judiciary Act of 1801
Marbury vs. Madison
Midnight Judges
Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson
France
Hartford Convention
End of Federalist Part
American System
Henry Clay
Internal Improvement
Second Great Awakening
Religious Movement
Seneca Falls
Women (Stanton. Mott, 1848)
Missouri Compromise (1820)
No Slavery above Missouri
Homestead Act
160 Acres $10
Compromise of 1850
Popular sovereignty
Fugitive Slave Act
Wilmot Proviso
Mexican territory free
Harper’s Ferry
John Brown
Guns given to slaves
Fort Sumter
Charleston S.C.
Started Civil War
7.Compromise of 1877
Great Compromise
Rutherford B Hayes become President
Wounded Knee
Last Indian Massacre
Haymarket Square Riot
Chicago
Knights of Labor-Terrance Powderly
Tammany Hall
Political Machine
William “Boss” Tweed
Teapot Dome Scandal
Warren G. Harding
Oil reserves
Munich Conference
Appeasement
Hitler could invade Czechoslovakia
Bay of Pigs
U.S. loses to Cuba
Cuban Missile Crisis
Kennedy
Russian supplies missiles
Freedom Riders
Bus boycotters
Camp David Accords
Egypt and Israel
Iranian Hostage Crisis
Jimmy Carter
Ayatollah Khomeini
Iran Contra Scandal
Ronald Reagan
Oliver North
Wars
War of 1812
Mr. Madison’s War
Battle of New Orleans
Treaty of Ghent
Mexican American War
US got Texas
Battle of San Jacinto
Treaty of Guadelupe Hidalgo
8. Civil War
Bull Run/Manassas
First battle
Antietam
Bloodiest one day battle
Gettysburg
Turning point (N. won)
Vicksburg
Union capture finalized
control of the Mississippi River
Appomattox
the war ended
March to the Sea
William T. Sherman
Burned southern towns
World War I
Triple Entente
Great Britain, France, and Russia
Triple Alliance (Central Powers)
Germany, Austria-Hungary,
and Ottoman Empire
World War II
Pearl Harbor
Japanese surprise attack
Dunkirk
Evacuation (miracle)
Battle of Britain
Air war
Battle of Midway
Turning point in the Pacific war.
Battle of Stalingrad
Turning point in E. Front
D-Day/Normandy Invasion
Retake France
Battle of the Bulge
Last German Offensive
Yalta Conference
Divide Germany after the war
Potsdam Conference
Truman ordered A-bomb
9.Cold War
U.S. vs. U.S.S.R.
Spies
Satellite countries
Korean War
38th Parallel
Vietnam War
Viet Cong
Communist fighters
17th Parallel
Gulf of Tonkin
Pres. Could declare war without congress approval
Ho Chi Minh Trail
Vietcong sneak in
Tet Offensive
Communist surprise attack
U.S. military victory
Communist political victory
Mai Lai Massacre
US soldiers fired on Vietnamese civilians
Operation Desert Storm
US fights Iraq to free Kuwait
Treaties
Jay’s Treaty
Avoid war with Britain
Did not end impressment
Treaty of Ghent
Ended War of 1812
Treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo
Ended Mexican-American War
Treaty of Versailles
Ended WWI
Important Words
Strict Constructionist
“If it’s not in constitution then the government can’t do it”
Jefferson
States Powers
South
10. Loose Constructionist
Central Government
“elastic” clause
Adams & Hamilton
North
Democratic-Republicans
South
Federalist
North
Tariffs
Taxes on Imports
Proclamation of Neutrality
George Washington
US does not take sides
Impressment
Stealing sailors to put on your boat
Sedition
Talking, Speech, Saying
Secede
Leave the country
Nationalism
Pride in your country
Mormons
Joseph Smith
Brigham Young
Temperance
No alcohol
Manifest Destiny
Move West
54’ 40 or fight
Oregon
Popular Sovereignty
People vote whether state should have slaves
Free Soil
Keep slavery where it is
Fugitive Slave Law
Slaves found up north must be returned
Compromise of 1850
Know Nothings
Hate immigrants
11.Conscription
Draft
Anaconda Plan
How North won Civil War
Cut the South in half
Sharecroppers/Tenant Farmers/ Crop-lein system
Replaced slavery
Black Codes
Laws against former slaves
Scalawags
Southerners who support North
Carpetbaggers
Northerners who move South
Barb Wire
Ended cattle drives
Railroad
Union Pacific
Connected West to East
Central Pacific
Connected East to West
Promontory Point, Utah
Where railroads met
Dawes Act
Gave Indians their own land
Grange/Populism/Farmers Alliance
Helped farmers
Laissez Faire
Hands off businesses
Vertical Integration
Company controls all the steps in production
John D. Rockefeller
Horizontal Integration
A company combines many firms involved in
the same business
Andrew Carnegie
Monopoly
Having control of an entire business / market
12.Trust
Many corporations controlled by one board of directors
Knights of Labor
Terence Powderly
American Railway Union
Eugene V. Debs
American Federation of Labor
Samuel Gompers
Old Immigrants
N. & W. Europe
New Immigrants
S. & E. Europe
Patronage (Spoils System)
Stalwarts
Half-Breeds
Pendleton Act
Exams to determine jobs
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Weakened trust companies
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
Strengthened Sherman Anti-trust
Schlieffen Plan
WWI
Used by Germany
Attack France first then Russia
U-Boats
German Submarines
Lusitania
Passenger Liner (Cruse Ship)
Caused US to join in WWI
Zimmerman Telegram
Document between Germany and Mexico
If Mexico fights US they get (Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California)
Armistice
Stop Fighting
Selective Service Act
Select men 18-45 for draft
13. 14 Points
Woodrow Wilson
End War forever
Reparation
Damages paid for starting a war
Dawes Plan
US help Germany pay off debts
Kellog Brand Pact
62 nations who agreed not to use war
National Origins Act
Unequal quotas for immigrants
Favored old immigrants
Flapper
Open minded women of 1920s
Black Thursday
October 29, 1929
Day stock market crashed
Appeasement
Let Hitler invade Sudetenland
Blitzkrieg
Lightening Warfare
Manhattan Project
Making the Atomic bomb
Iron Curtain
Satellite countries that followed Russia in Communism
Truman Doctrine
U.S. gave $400 million to Greece and Turkey to resist communist
Marshall Plan
Aid to Western Europe to rebuild their economies
North Atlantic Treaty Organization N.A.T.O.
U.S. led military alliance
Ex. of collective security
Warsaw Pact
Soviet Union led military alliance
U2 Incident
US spy plane found in Russia
14. Red Scare
Fear of Communist
Fair Deal
Truman Platform
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Equal public facilities
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Can not use the Poll tax and the Literacy test to vote
Domino Theory
If one country becomes communist they others will follow
Dien Bein Phu
French lost to Vietnamese
Détente
Relaxation of tension
Court Cases
Marbury Vs. Madison
Judicial Review
McCulloch Vs. Maryland
Taxing 2nd National Bank
Gibbons Vs. Ogden
Regulate interstate trade
Dred Scott Vs. Stanford
Slaves are property(no freedom)
Plessey Vs. Ferguson
Separate but equal
Korematsu VS. US
Brown Vs. the Board of Education
Integration (blacks and whites together)
Overturned Plessy
Bakke VS. University of California
Affermative action (equal quotas)
Swann Vs. Charlotte Mecklenburg
Busing
Roe Vs. Wade
Abortion
15. Amendments
13th
End slavery
14th
Slaves become citizens
15th
Slaves can vote
16th
Income tax
17th
Senators
18th
Alcohol
19th
Women vote
20th
When the president is done serving (lame duck)
22nd 2 Terms for President( after FDR)
24th Elinated Poll Tax(pay to vote)
26th Lowered voting age to 18 (Vietnam War)