(Photo by Richard F. Hope)

Howard Riegel Mansion (214-16 Spring Garden Street). 3-1/2 Federal Revival structure is said to have been designed by William Marsh Michler, with stained glass windows, Mercer tiles, and a “spectacular” second floor library.1 Built in 19092 by Benjamin and Barbara Riegel (see entry for 44 North Second Street) for Benjamin’s brother, Howard,3 and his wife.4 The property purchased in Howard Riegel’s name in 1909 was half the size of the modern property.5 The Howard Riegel Mansion was built on land that had once been the “two and one half story stone dwelling house”6 of Judge William Schuyler and his wife.7 That property was sold by Schuyler’s estate in 1909 for $16,000, after the death of the Judge and his wife.8

The Schuyler Property (214 Spring Garden Street) Judge William W. Schuyler (1829 – 1907) was not born or raised in Easton, but he attended Lafayette College for two years (before graduating from Williams College), and later returned to Easton to attend Judge McCartney’s law school. He was admitted to the bar in 1854, and was elected Northampton County district attorney in 1859 and 1861. Judge Schuyler was first elected to the judicial bench in 1881, and became President 2

Judge of the Northampton County courts in 1885, where he remained until he retired in 1906 (thus serving as a Judge for a quarter of a century).9 Prior to 1874, Judge Schuyler’s Spring Garden Street house had been listed as 50 Spring Garden Street under the street numbering scheme then in effect.10 It was renumbered 214 Spring Garden Street when the modern street numbering scheme was inaugurated.11 In 1890, the Judge’s address was listed as 216 Spring Garden Street.12 After the death of Judge Schuyler (in 1907)13 and his wife (in 1909),14 their daughter Mabel Schuyler (who was living in the house) decided to marry Rev. Louis Berton Crane, pastor of the Brainerd-Union Presbyterian Church (located across the street at 333 Spring Garden Street). It was just two years since Rev. Crane’s first wife had died in childbirth, and thus “it was most natural that these two bereaved people should fall in love. She was young and beautiful, everyone admired her and all rejoiced at the happiness both had found again. They made a handsome and outstanding couple . . . .” Nevertheless, despite the congregation’s urging them to stay, the Cranes decided to leave Easton to begin a new life elsewhere. Mabel’s upcoming marriage (which took place in 1910)15 probably prompted the sale of her parents’ house to Howard Riegel. Judge Schuyler’s house actually long pre-dated Judge Schuyler. The property is a rectangular strip, cutting across the middle of what were once original town Lot Nos.59, 61, and 63.16 These original town Lots were surveyed by William Parsons when Easton was established in 1752. They stretched lengthwise along the South side of Spring Garden Street. They were all conveyed to Samuel Sitgreaves in three transactions between 1800 and 1804.17 Easton town father Samuel Sitgreaves was a lawyer; a Federalist Congressman from Pennsylvania; and from 1798 a US Commissioner to Great Britain regarding British claims under the Jay Treaty. In addition, he was the first President of The Easton Bank, a leader of the campaign to build the Delaware River Bridge in 1806,18 and made crucial donations to found Easton’s Library Hall19 and the Easton Trinity Episcopal Church.20 Samuel Sitgreaves died in 1827.21 His executors subdivided off some of his property along the South side of Spring Garden Street,22 but they retained this particular 35’ strip because it was elected by Sitgreaves’s widow as her residence – in preference to the Sitgreaves mansions at the corner with North 3rd Street, and down on Northampton Street. Mrs. Continued to occupy the “Stone House” at this location for the remainder of her life. She died on 24 November 1864. At that point, the Sitgreaves estate sold the “two story stone house” and property for the best bid of $3,665. The purchaser was John S. Noble,23 who at that time was a chemist and druggist.24 Four years later, Noble resold the property with a “two story and a half stone” house on it, for $14,000, to Louisa F.R. Mercein, identified as the wife of Daniel S. Mercein.25 The added half story and vastly increased sale price suggest that the house was substantially remodeled. A year later (in 1870), by now a widow, Mrs. Mercein resold the house for a small profit to William H. Lawall.26 Two years after that (in 1872), Lawall sold it to W.W. Schuyler – then only an attorney (and not yet a judge) – at a loss for only $13,000.27 Lawall was a generally successful dry goods merchant in Easton, who built his store and residence building now listed as 450-52 Northampton Street.28 3

Expansion of the Howard Riegel Mansion Property (216 Spring Garden Street) Howard Riegel died on 4 October 1936, leaving title to the original Howard Riegel Mansion property to his wife.29 Earlier that same year, in May 1936, Mrs. Riegel expanded the Riegel property to incorporate the “stone dwelling house” next door at 216 Spring Garden Street, doubling the size of her property.30 The former resident next door, Mary L. Boileau Mixsell, was the widow of lawyer David Mixsell,31 who had died in 1913.32 David Mixsell was a grandson of Jacob Mixsell, the merchant who had owned the land where the Mixsell House at the corner of 4th and Ferry Streets was constructed, that became for many years the headquarters of the Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society.33 Mrs. Mixsell outlived her husband until 1932. However, she was seldom at home in Easton for some ten years before her death, having often enjoyed travelling, and otherwise living in the Ritz Tower in New York City.34 Mrs. Mixsell’s parents – Samuel and Eleanor Boileau – had acquired the property (apparently for her) in 1885 from the Burke Family.35 It appears that their daughter, Mary Long Boileau (wife of David Mixsell, grandson of important Easton merchant and miller Jacob Mixsell), lived in the property after her husband’s death.36 The Burke Family had owned this portion of the old Samuel Sitgreaves property since 1850.37  Mrs. William Burke had been a resident when the address was changed in 1874 from 52 Spring Garden Street38 to 216 Spring Garden Street.39  The Burke Family had given William Lawall his start in business. [As discussed above, William Lawall was a prior owner of Judge Schuyler’s house.] Lawall had started as a clerk in Joseph Burke’s general merchandise store on North 4th Street, and ultimately accumulated sufficient capital to take over that Burke store.40 When Lawall decided to move to Northampton Street, he purchased his land there from John J. Burke,41 the son of his old boss Joseph Burke.42 A visual inspection of the Howard Riegel Mansion today shows that while the house itself is built on the eastern half of the property, a large entryway porch topped with a widow walk has been pushed out into the portion of the land obtained by Mrs. Riegel in 1936.

Latter Days at the Howard Riegel Mansion Mrs. Riegel died in 1957 – in the interim having remarried to Edward L. Martin.43 In 1957, the estate of Mrs. Riegel (who had become Mrs. Martin before her death) sold the expanded Howard Riegel Mansion property for $35,000 to real estate agent44 Humbert Orlandi, Jr. and Alpha Cement President (later Chairman)45 Robert Gerstell.46 Two years later, in 1959, Orlandi and Gerstell obtained $50,000 for the property from the Salvation Army,47 which then used the Howard Riegel Mansion as its Easton Citadel.48 In 2007, The Salvation Army moved its operations, and sold the 4

Howard Riegel Mansion for $850,000 to a foundation associated with the Kohler-Kheel Realty for restoration.49 The foundation obtained $400,000 in a sale of the property in 2012.50 1 Dr. Elinor Warner, Easton, Pennsylvania Walking Tour, for Pennsylvania Art Education Association Conference 2000, http://www.kutztown.edu/paea/paeaconf/2000/easton/walk_tour.html (accessed 4 Jan. 2005); Historic Easton, Inc., Holiday Preservation Tour of Historic Easton unnumbered p.4 (9 Dec. 1978); accord, Table at the back of Historic Easton, Inc. Annual House Tour: William Marsh Michler A Retrospective (17 May 1986); Scott Hill, A Self Guided Tour . . . Historic Forks of the Delaware 2 (Eagle Scout Project, 29 Apr. 1992)(copies sold by NCH&GS); City of Easton, Pennsylvania Historic Resource Survey Form, Attachment: Building Description Survey Area 1 Zone E (City Council Resolution approved 12 May 1982) (“Federal” style). 2 Historic Easton, Inc., Holiday Preservation Tour of Historic Easton unnumbered p.4 (9 Dec. 1978); City of Easton, Pennsylvania Historic Resource Survey Form, Attachment: Building Description Survey Area 1 Zone E (City Council Resolution approved 12 May 1982)(c.1909). Several sources have asserted that this house (like the Benjamin Riegel Mansion on North Fourth Street) was constructed in 1902. o See Scott Hill, A Self Guided Tour . . . Historic Forks of the Delaware 2 (Eagle Scout Project, 29 Apr. 1992)(copies sold by NCH&GS)(built in 1902); Dr. Elinor Warner, Easton, Pennsylvania Walking Tour, for Pennsylvania Art Education Association Conference 2000, http://www.kutztown.edu/paea/paeaconf/2000/easton/walk_tour.html (accessed 4 Jan. 2005)(designed in 1902); Article, “Featured Home of the Week: Historic Easton residence is accommodating”, EXPRESS-TIMES, Saturday, 12 Jan. 2008, Home Source p.2 (“built in 1902 as a home for John Riegel.”). However, Historian Ken Klabunde points out that the date “1909” is inscribed on the East side of the building (in a stone plaque at the top of the third story). Moreover, Judge Schuyler and his daughter continued to live in their predecessor home at 214 Spring Garden Street until the Judge’s death in 1907, while Howard Riegel was listed in 1906 at 256 Bushkill Street, not on Spring Garden Street. See George W. West (compiler), Directory of Easton City [Etc.] Year 1906 237, 255 (George W. West 1906)(Howard Riegel listed at 256 Bushkill Street; Judge W.W.Schuyler and Miss Mabel Schuyler at 214 Spring Garden Street); Article, “Death of Judge Schuyler, Prominent Lawyer and Judge at the Courts Passes Away”, EASTON SUNDAY CALL, 1 Sept. 1907, p.1, col.7 (Judge Schuyler’s home was on Spring Garden Street at the time of his death).

3 Tom Hester, Jr., “The Riegel Family Is Omnipresent”, THE EXPRESS-TIMES, Sunday, 19 Jan. 1997, p.A-1. 4 William Peterson, Eagle Scout Project: Historic Guide of Easton, supra at Site #29. In 1900, Howard was listed with Benjamin Riegel at 217 Spring Garden St. (probably an address in the United States Hotel), but was not included in the Benjamin Riegel listing at 44 North Second St. 1900 Census, Series T623, Roll 1447, pp.65A, 69B. 5 Compare Northampton County tax records map, www.ncpub.com, with D.G. Beers, Atlas of Northampton County Pennsylvania, Plan of Easton (A. Pomeroy & Co. 1874). 6 Deed, Wilson Schuyler Smith and Harold Benjamin Clark, Executors of the Will of Mary Alice Schuyler, to Howard Riegel, A38 469 (23 June 1909)(recitals). 7 Virginia Williams Bentley, Sesquicentennial Story of the First Presbyterian Church of Easton, Pennsylvania 1811-1961 98-99 (1961)(“Miss Mabel Schuyler, daughter of Judge Schuyler, who lived on Spring Garden Street in a home located where the Salvation Army now has its headquarters.”); see George W. West (compiler), Directory of Easton City [Etc.] Year 1906 255 (George W. West 1906)(Judge W.W.Schuyler and Miss Mabel Schuyler at 214 Spring Garden Street); George W. West, West’s Guide to Easton [Etc.] 196 (George W. West 1889)(William W. Schuyler, President Judge Northampton County, at 214 Spring Garden Street); see 1860 Census, Series M653, Roll 1147, p.234 (lawyer William W. Schuyler, age 31, in Easton’s Bushkill Ward); Jeremiah H. Lant, The Northampton County Directory for 1873 112 (1873)(alphabetical listing for W.W. Schuyler); D.G. Beers, Atlas of Northampton County Pennsylvania, Plan of Easton (A. Pomeroy & Co. 1874)(W.W. Schuyler). 8 Deed, Wilson Schuyler Smith and Harold Benjamin Clark, Executors of the Will of Mary Alice Schuyler, to Howard Riegel, A38 469 (23 June 1909). The deed recites that Mary Alice Schuyler was William W. Schuyler’s wife, who had acquired the property under her husband’s will. On 7 March 1930, a pair of transactions was used to regularize the property’s ownership by Howard Riegel and his wife at that time, Perla Knecht Riegel. Deed, Howard (Perla Knecht) Riegel to Henry D. Maxwell, B62 298 (7 March 1920)(sale price $1); Deed, Henry D. Maxwell to Howard (Perla Knecht) Riegel, B62 299 (7 Mar. 1930)(sale price $1). 9 Obituary, “Death of Judge Schuyler, Prominent Lawyer and Judge at the Courts Passes Away”, EASTON SUNDAY CALL, 1 Sept. 1907, p.1, col.7. 10 Jeremiah H. Lant, The Northampton County Directory for 1873 112 (1873)(alphabetical listing for W.W. Schuyler). From 1827 through at least the 1840s, the property had been owned by the widow Fanny Brown, who had purchased it from Samuel Sitgreaves’s estate. See Deed, Fanny I Brown to Michael Lehn, H7 120 (7 Apr. 1841)(conveying a 4” strip to Michael Lehn, the owner of the property next door), reciting Deed, Samuel Sitgreaves [Jr.] and James Linton, Executors of the Will of Samuel Sitgreaves [Sr.], D5 120 (4 Dec. 1827) as the source of the widow Brown’s title.

11 Article, “The New Numbers”, EASTON DAILY FREE PRESS, Friday, 5 Dec. 1873, p.3, col.7; see Webb Bros. & Co., Webb’s Easton and Phillipsburg Directory 1875-6 107 (M.J. Riegel 1875)(William W. Schuyler, lawyer, residence 214 Spring Garden Street, office 15 South 3rd Street); J.H. Lant, Easton [Etc.] Directory for 1877 126 (M.J. Riegel 1877)(William W. Schuyler, lawyer, residence 214 Spring Garden Street, office 19 South 3rd Street). 12 Census Directory of Northampton County, Eleventh U.S. Census, 1890 (Joseph H. Werner, assisted by Geo. W. West 1891), Q-Z transcribed online at www.bethlehempaonline.com/beth1890/eastonqtos.html. 13 Obituary, “Death of Judge Schuyler, Prominent Lawyer and Judge at the Courts Passes Away”, EASTON SUNDAY CALL, 1 Sept. 1907, p.1, col.7.

14 Obituary, “Mrs. M. Alice Schuyler”, EASTON EXPRESS, Sat., 15 May 1909,p.5, col.1 (died at residence at 214 Spring Garden Street of apoplexy; daughter was Mabel Schuyler). 15 Virginia Williams Bentley, Sesquicentennial Story of the First Presbyterian Church of Easton, Pennsylvania 1811-1961 131 (1961). 16 See Deed, [Rev.] Samuel Sitgreaves and James Linton, Executors of the Will of Samuel Sitgreaves, to Mary Ralston, E5 263 (1 Apr. 1829)(recitals regarding a similar lot next door at what is now 208 Spring Garden Street, stating that Ralston’s purchase was part of Lots 59, 61 and 63). See also Northampton County Tax Records map, www.ncpub.org. The modern property is 35’ along Spring Garden Street, by 148’ deep: the original town lots had a depth along Fermor (now 2nd) Street of 60’ apiece. 17 Deed, John and Richard Penn to Samuel Sitgreaves, G2 86 (25 Jan. 1800)(Lot No.59; also included Lot Nos.80 and 240 for sale price £75); Deed, John and Richard Penn to Samuel Sitgreaves, G2 516 (15 Dec. 1802)(Lot No.61); Deed, Henry (Mary) Spering to Samuel Sitgreaves, H2 508 (11 July 1804)(Lot No.63). Henry Spering had previously acquired Lot No.63 from the Penn Family. Deed, Penn Family to Henry Spering, H2 417 (18 Aug. 1802). See generally A.D. Chidsey, Jr., The Penn Patents in the Forks of the Delaware Plan of Easton, Map 2 (Vol. II of Publications of the Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1937). 18 Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, “Samuel Sitgreaves”, searchable from bioguide.congress.gov/biosearch/biosearch.asp (accessed 3 Jan. 2005); David B. Stillman, Easton in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century, Paper presented to the Northampton County Historical Society 17 Jan. 1946, Historical Bulletin of the Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society, No. 3 (Sept. 1947) (avail. Marx Room, Easton Public Library), at 3, 6-7; Rev. Uzal W. Condit, The History of Easton, Penn’a 148-49 (George W. West 1885); Ethan Allen Weaver, “The Forks of the Delaware” Illustrated xxi, xxvi (Eschenbach Press, Easton, PA, 1900); Papers Read Before the Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society, The Old County Courthouse and other Northampton County History 18 (1964). 19 See Easton Area Public Library Website, www.eastonpl.org/, “Our History” (accessed 3 Jan. 2005); Dr. Elinor Warner, Easton, Pennsylvania Walking Tour, for Pennsylvania Art Education Association Conference 2000, www.kutztown.edu/paea/paeaconf/2000/easton/walk_tour.html (accessed 4 Jan. 2005). 20 Warner, Easton Walking Tour, supra; Rev. Uzal W. Condit, The History of Easton, Penn’a 152 (George W. West 1885 / 1889). 21 E.g., F.S. Bixler, “’Hon. Samuel Sitgreaves’, An Illustrious Citizen of Northampton County”, Speech read at meeting of Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society, 18 Feb. 1922. 22 See, e.g., Deed, [Rev.] Samuel Sitgreaves and James Linton, Executors of the Will of Samuel Sitgreaves, to Mary Ralston, E5 263 (1 Apr. 1829)(specific mention of a “Stone Messuage” next door to the East, at what is now 208 Spring Garden Street); Deed, James Linton, Executor of Will of Samuel Sitgreaves, to Michael Lehn, B6 610 (23 May 1831)(sale of property next door to the West, at what is now 222 Spring Garden Street). 23 Estate of Samuel Sitgreaves, 22 Orphans Court Record 495 (3 March 1865)(Mrs. Mary A. Sitgreaves to elect a house, to be provided for life by the estate together with repairs and taxes; she elected the house next to Sarah Maxwell on property measuring 35’ X 148’, which was sold after her death to John Noble); Deed, Theodore R. Sitgreaves, Adminisrator of the Estate of Samuel Sitgreaves, to John S. Noble, A11 560 (10 May 1865)(sale price $3,665 best bid for “two story stone house” on property measuring 35’ X 148’). 24 See Talbot’s Lehigh Valley Gazetteer and Business Directory 1864-65 25 (Press of Wynkoop & Hallenbeck 1864)(John Noble, chemist and druggist at 143 Northampton Street). See generally William H. Boyd, Boyd’s Directory of Reading, Easton, [Etc.] 127 (William H. Boyd 1860)(John S. Noble, hardware, in the Porter’s Block building at the same location as F.W. Noble, who was presumably a relative). 25 Deed, John S. Noble to Louisa F.R. Mercein, D12 367 (23 Feb. 1869)( sale price $14,000 for “Two and a half story dwelling house” on property measuring 35’ X 148’; Mrs. Mercein recited to be the wife of Daniel S. Mercein). She was the sister of Pennsylvania Governor Randolph, and the mother of Mrs. [Araminta] Beates R. Swift, a prominent Easton attorney. See Henry F. Marx (compiler), IV Marriages and Deaths Northampton County 1871 – 1884 Newspaper Extracts 1166 (Easton Area Public Library 1935) 26 Deed, Louisa F.R. Mercein to William H. Lawall, H12 422 (30 Apr. 1870)(sale price $14,600 for “Two and a half story dwelling house” on property measuring 35’ X 148’; Mrs. Mercein recited to be a widow). 27 Deed, William H. (Mary E.) Lawall to W.W. Schuyler, E13 538 (1 Apr. 1872)(sale price $13,000 for “Two and a half story stone dwelling House”). 28 See Frank B. Copp, Biographical Sketches of Some of Easton’s Prominent Citizens 113-14 (Hillburn & West 1879); Article, “The New Numbers”, EASTON DAILY FREE PRESS, Friday, 21 Nov. 1873, p.3; www.WalkingEaston.com entry for the Lawall-Bricker Building at 450-52 Northampton Street (and sources cited therein). 29 See Deed, Hanover Bank, Executor of the Will of Perla Riegel Martin, to Humbert Orlandi, Jr. and Robert S. Gerstell, D100 66 (24 Dec. 1957)(recitals). 30 Deed, Raymond Boileau (Crete Skinner) Mixsell, Harold Ruckman (Charlotte Mallory) Mixsell, and Donald Gibson (Virginia de Haven) Mixsell, to Perla Knecht Riegel, G66 526 (21 May 1936)(sale price $10,000 for “stone dwelling house” at 216 Spring Garden Street with property measuring 35’ X 148’). The deed recites that the sellers were the three sons of Mary L. Boileau Mixsell. 31 Mrs. Mixsell died at her home at 216 Spring Garden Street in 1932. Obituary, “Mrs. Mary B. Mixsell Dies in her 81st Year”, EASTON EXPRESS, Tues., 1 Mar. 1932, p.1, col.4 & p.10, col.7; accord, West’s Easton Pa and Phillipsburg NJ Directory 1930 408 (R.L. Polk & Co. 1930)(Mary Mixsell, widow of David Mixsell, house at 216 Spring Garden Street). She had been a long-time resident. Mary L. Boileau Mixsell was the wife of David Mixsell. See Deed, Samuel (Eleanor S.) Boileau to Mary L. Boileau Mixsell, G18 111 (22 Dec. 1885)(recital). David Mixsell, a lawyer, was a resident of this house. George W. West, West’s Guide to Easton [Etc.] 162 (George W. West 1889)(David Mixsell at 216 Spring Garden Street); see Joseph H. Werner, Census Directory of Northampton County (Eleventh U.S. Census 1890) 61 (Joseph H. Werner 1891)(lawyer David Mixsell), available online at J-POHL transcribed online at www.bethlehempaonline.com/beth1890/eastonjtop.html.

32 Obituary, “Mr. Mixsell’s Funeral”, EASTON EXPRESS, Mon., 11 Aug. 1913, p.5, col.3 (funeral held at his residence, 216 Spring Garden Street); see also Obituary, “David Mixsell”, EASTON EXPRESS, Thurs., 7 Aug. 1913, p.5, col.2. 33 David Mixsell (1849 – 6 Aug. 1913) was the son of David Mixsell, who was in turn the son of Jacob Mixsell. Compare Samuel Kribel Brecht (ed.), The Genealogical Record of the Schwenkfelder Families 1517 (The Board of Publication of the Schwenkfelder Church, printed by Rand McNally & Co. 1923, available on ancestry.com) with www.WalkingEaston.com entry for 107 South 4th Street (and sourced cited therein). 34 Deed, Raymond Boileau (Crete Skinner) Mixsell, Harold Ruckman (Charlotte Mallory) Mixsell, and Donald Gibson (Virginia de Haven) Mixsell, to Perla Knecht Riegel, G66 526 (21 May 1936)(recital that Mary L. Boileau Mixsell had died on 29 Feb. 1932); Obituary, “Mrs. Mary B. Mixsell Dies in her 81st Year”, EASTON EXPRESS, Tues., 1 Mar. 1932, p.1, col.4 & p.10, col.7. 35 They sold it to her for $6,000 in December 1885, after acquiring it in May from the Burke Family for $8,500. Deed, Samuel (Eleanor S.) Boileau to Mary L. Boileau Mixsell, G18 111 (22 Dec. 1885)(sale price $6,000 for “stone dwelling house” on property measuring 35’ X 148’); Deed, William M. Burke, Frank W. (Sallie) Burke, and Helen B. (Howard J.) Reeder, to Samuel Boileau, F18 161 (27 May 1885)(sale price $8,600 for “stone dwelling house” on property measuring 35’ X 148’). 36 Samuel Kribel Brecht (ed.), The Genealogical Record of the Schwenkfelder Families 1517 (The Board of Publication of the Schwenkfelder Church, printed by Rand McNally & Co. 1923, available on ancestry.com). David Mixsell died on 6 Aug. 1913. Regarding Jacob Mixsell and his family, see generally www.WalkingEaston.com entry for 107 South 4th Street. 37 See Deed, John J. Burke, Trustee for William M. Burke, to William M. Burke (Jr.), Frank W. Burke, and Helen B. Reeder (children of William M. Burke), B9 60 (8 Dec. 1855); Deed, Francis I. Brown to John J. Burke as Trustee for William M. Burke, C8 293 (31 July 1850)(sale price $3,015); Deed, Samuel Sitgreaves and James Linton, Executors of the Will of Samuel Sitgreaves, to Francis Irvine Brown, D5 120 (4 Dec. 1827) (sale price $1,450 for “Stone Messuage” at the NE corner of property measuring 35’ on Spring Garden Street X 148’ deep). 38 Jeremiah H. Lant, The Northampton County Directory for 1873 58 (1873)(alphabetical listing).

39 Article, “The New Numbers”, EASTON DAILY FREE PRESS, Friday, 5 Dec. 1873, p.3. 40 See Frank B. Copp, Biographical Sketches of Some of Easton’s Prominent Citizens 113-14 (Hillburn & West 1879). See generally separate www.WalkingEaston.com entry for the Express Building at 30 North 4th Street. Copp claims he “succeeded the firm of Joseph Burke & Sons” in “About the year 1843 or 1844”, and “continued the same for about five years at the old stand” on North 4th Street, before opening his own store on Northampton Street. This is slightly inconsistent with the deed record suggesting that Lawall acquired his Northampton Street store property from John J. Burke already in 1844 (see above). 41 See Frank B. Copp, Biographical Sketches of Some of Easton’s Prominent Citizens 113-14 (Hillburn & West 1879); Deed, John J. (Matilda) Burke to William H. Lawall, C7 187 (22 May 1844)(sale price $1,500 for “Messuage or Tenement” for western half of Lot No.211). 42 See Henry Martyn Kieffer, Some of the First Settlers of “The Forks of the Delaware” and Their Descendants 199 (reprinted Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc. 1973)(John Jacob Burke born 13 November 1808, baptized 12 March 1809, to parents Joseph and Susan Burke).

43 See Obituary, “Mrs. Edward L. Martin”, EASTON EXPRESS, Thurs., 13 June 1957, p.18, col.3 (“Mrs. Perla Martin” died at her home at 214 Spring Garden Street.)

44 See Obituary, “Humbert Orlandi Jr.”, MORNING CALL, 22 Mar. 2000, p.B-12.

45 Obituary, “R.S. Gerstell dies at 79, Alpha Cement Official”, EASTON EXPRESS, Wed., 2 May 1973, p.1, cols.4-6. Gerstell joined the company after returning from military service in World War II, and became President from 1957–63, then Chairman until he retired in 1967. His father, Arnold Ferderick Gerstell, was a founder of the company who had been President from 1909–14. 46 Deed, Hanover Bank, Executor of the Will of Perla Riegel Martin, to Humbert Orlandi, Jr. and Robert S. Gerstell, D100 66 (24 Dec. 1957)(sale price $35,000 for two Parcels: Parcel No.1 the “dwelling house” at 214 Spring Garden Street on property measuring 35’ X 148’, and Parcel No.2 the lot at 216 Spring Garden Street “with improvements erected thereon” also measuring 35’ X 148’). 47 Deed, Humbert (Margaret) Orlandi, Jr. and Robert S. (Alice) Gerstell to The Salvation Army, B103 29 (20 Mar. 1959)(sale price $50,000). 48 Telephone Inquiry to Salvation Army Captain Isaiah Allen (6 March 2007); accord, Historic Easton, Inc. & Easton House Tavern Assoc., Historic City Homes, Gardens & Architectural Treasures Site unnumbered p.16 (16 May 1992); see Scott Hill, A Self Guided Tour . . . Historic Forks of the Delaware 2 (Eagle Scout Project, 29 Apr. 1992)(copies sold by NCH&GS)(1960). But see Edward Sieger, “Easton firm adds to its inventory of properties”, EXPRESS-TIMES, Tuesday, 20 Feb. 2007, pp.A1, A2 (purchased the building in 1979).

49 Edward Sieger, “Easton firm adds to its inventory of properties”, EXPRESS-TIMES, Tuesday, 20 Feb. 2007, pp.A1, A2; Deed, The Salvation Army to Nurture Nature Foundation, 2007-1-034293 (22 Jan. 2007) (sale price $850,000). 50 Deed, Nurture Nature Foundation to 12N 7 th LLC, 2012-1-043008 (10 Feb. 2012)(sale price $400,000).